CN105547828B - A kind of three point bending test device - Google Patents

A kind of three point bending test device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105547828B
CN105547828B CN201510933035.5A CN201510933035A CN105547828B CN 105547828 B CN105547828 B CN 105547828B CN 201510933035 A CN201510933035 A CN 201510933035A CN 105547828 B CN105547828 B CN 105547828B
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China
Prior art keywords
bearing
axis
pressure head
top surface
base
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CN105547828A (en
Inventor
乔永乐
李磊
沈薇
程鹏飞
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Shanghai Qin Yao Aviation Test Technology Co., Ltd.
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AVIC Aircraft Strength Research Institute
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0003Steady
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019Compressive
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0032Generation of the force using mechanical means
    • G01N2203/0037Generation of the force using mechanical means involving a rotating movement, e.g. gearing, cam, eccentric, or centrifuge effects

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to material properties test technical fields, more particularly to a kind of three point bending test device.Three point bending test device includes:Base body is arranged in parallel with the first bearing and the second bearing on top surface;Testpieces is arranged on the first bearing and the second bearing;Pressure head, for squeezing testpieces;Rotation is presented a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme, and is arranged on pressure head;Upper shaft is presented a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme upper surface around own axis setting in rotation;Cover board is arranged in upper shaft, the top surface of cover board and the pressure bar vertical connection of pressure testing device.The three point bending test device of the present invention, it can be by can be around the effect of own axis pressure head and upper shaft, automatically correct force direction, guarantee is distributed in testpieces and remains uniform with the active force on three lines of pressure head, the first bearing and the second bearing, in the case where surface of test piece is uneven or upper and lower surface is not parallel, it is unlikely to stress raisers and causes to damage by pressure to cause test failure.

Description

A kind of three point bending test device
Technical field
The present invention relates to material properties test technical fields, more particularly to a kind of three point bending test device.
Background technology
Bend test is to measure the important tests side of composite laminated plate bending stiffness, intensity, load-amount of deflection performance Method, the national and foreign standards such as ASTM D7264, ASTM D790, HB 7617-1998, ASTM C1341 give using bending examination Test amount composite material bending stiffness, the specific test method of intensity, load-amount of deflection performance.
In three point bending test, the flexural deformation that composite laminated plate occurs under the collective effect of bearing and pressure head, Test requirements document surface of test piece is smooth and top and bottom are parallel, and active force can just be made to be evenly distributed on composite material and pressure head, branch in this way On three tactile lines of seated connection.It is composite laminated by existing composite material production and processing technology but in actual tests Plate especially ceramic matric composite or C/C composite material test pieces rough surface, the problems such as upper and lower surface is not parallel, are very universal, Cause final material properties test result inaccurate.
Especially as shown in Figure 1, being the bend test device currently used for composite material;Composite laminated plate 32 is positioned over Fixed span away from bearing 33 on, pressure head 31 downwards gradually bend composite laminated plate 32 until destroy.The shortcomings that this method It is that distribution of forces will be caused uneven or even damaged by pressure locally, as shown in Fig. 2, from composite wood if surface of test piece out-of-flatness It is not parallel that 32 end face of bed of material plywood can be seen that test specimen upper and lower surface, when pressure head 31 moves downward, is pressed onto test specimen upper table first Face right end, if continuing to load, it may appear that upper right side stress concentration even part crushing.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of three point bending test devices, can be since surface of test piece out-of-flatness is to shadow The problem of ringing test result.
The technical scheme is that:
A kind of three point bending test device, including:
Base body has be mutually parallel bottom surface and top surface, the first bearing and second is arranged in parallel on the top surface Seat has preset distance between first bearing and the second bearing;
Testpieces is arranged on first bearing and the second bearing;
Pressure head, is in round bar shape, and the testpieces upper surface is arranged around own axis, for being carried out to the testpieces It squeezes, the line of the axis of the pressure head between the midpoint of first bearing and the midpoint of second bearing, and The axis of the pressure head is equal to the distance between first bearing or the second bearing;
Rotation is presented a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme, and has be mutually parallel bottom surface and top surface, and the rotation, which is presented a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme, to be arranged by bottom surface on the pressure head, And the pressure head is located at the point midway for rotating bottom surface of presenting a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme;
Upper shaft rotates upper surface of presenting a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme around own axis setting described, and the axis of the upper shaft is vertical In the axis of the pressure head;
Cover board there is be mutually parallel bottom surface and top surface, the cover board to be arranged in the upper shaft by bottom surface, the lid The top surface of plate and the pressure bar vertical connection of pressure testing device.
Preferably, it is provided with connecting rod on the side for rotating and presenting a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme, it is right on another opposite side Title is provided with another connecting rod, and the axis of two connecting rods is parallel with the axis of the pressure head, and is generally aligned in the same plane It is interior;
Each connecting rod and it is provided with spring between the end of the pressure head of the same side.
Preferably, the base body includes:
First base, in step-like, with bottom surface and the bottom surface parallel the first top surface and the second top surface, described the One top surface is higher than second top surface, and first bearing is arranged on first top surface;
Lower rotary shaft is arranged around own axis on second top surface, the axis of the lower rotary shaft and the pressure head Axis it is vertical and parallel with the axis of upper shaft and in being generally aligned in the same plane;
There is second base be mutually parallel bottom surface and top surface, the second base to be arranged in the lower rotary shaft by bottom surface On, the second base can rotate and can be slided along the lower rotary shaft axis direction, described second around the lower rotary shaft axis Seat is arranged on the top surface of the second base.
Preferably, connecting rod, the axis of two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the first base Line is parallel with the axis of the pressure head;
Each connecting rod and it is provided with spring between the end of first bearing of the same side.
Preferably, connecting rod, the axis of two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the second base Line is parallel with the axis of the pressure head;
Each connecting rod and it is provided with spring between the end of second bearing of the same side.
Preferably, the cover board and the rotation are presented a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme upper recessed for offering ring-type with the upper shaft connecting portion Slot, the radius of the groove section are less than the radius of the upper shaft.
Preferably, it is used for and the lower rotary shaft connecting portion in the second top surface of the first base and the second base Annular recess is offered, the radius of the groove section is less than the radius of the lower rotary shaft.
The advantage of the invention is that:
The present invention three point bending test device, can by can around the effect of own axis pressure head and upper shaft, Force direction is automatically corrected, ensures to be distributed in testpieces and the work on three lines of pressure head, the first bearing and the second bearing It firmly remains uniform, in the case where surface of test piece is uneven or upper and lower surface is not parallel, is unlikely to stress raisers and leads Cause, which is damaged by pressure, causes test failure.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram at a visual angle of existing three point bending test device;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram at another visual angle of existing three point bending test device;
Fig. 3 is the dimensional structure diagram of three point bending test device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the side view of three point bending test device of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
To keep the purpose, technical scheme and advantage that the present invention is implemented clearer, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present invention Attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is further described in more detail.In the accompanying drawings, identical from beginning to end or class As label indicate same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Described embodiment is the present invention A part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, it is intended to use It is of the invention in explaining, and be not considered as limiting the invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people The every other embodiment that member is obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term "center", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "front", "rear", The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is based on attached drawing institute The orientation or positional relationship shown, is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, and does not indicate or imply the indicated dress It sets or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore should not be understood as protecting the present invention The limitation of range.
1 to Fig. 4 three point bending test device of the present invention is described in further details below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention provides a kind of three point bending test devices, which is characterized in that including base body 1, testpieces 3, pressure First 4, the components such as 5, upper shaft 6 and cover board 7 of presenting a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme are rotated.
Base body 1 has be mutually parallel bottom surface and top surface, and the first bearing 21 and the second bearing are arranged in parallel on top surface 22, there is preset distance between the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22.Wherein, the size of preset distance is according to testpieces 3 Depending on length;Testpieces 3 is arranged on the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22.
Pressure head 4 is in round bar shape, around 3 upper surface of own axis setting testpieces, for squeezing testpieces 3; Line of the axis of pressure head 4 between the midpoint of first bearing 21 and the midpoint of the second bearing 22, and the axis of pressure head 4 Line is equal to the distance between the first bearing 21 or the second bearing 22.
Rotation presents a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme 5 be mutually parallel bottom surface and top surface;Rotation, which is presented a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme, 5 to be arranged by bottom surface on pressure head 4, and pressure head 4 are located at the point midway for rotating 5 bottom surfaces of presenting a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme.
Upper shaft 6 is arranged around own axis presents a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme 5 upper surfaces in rotation, and the axis of upper shaft 6 is perpendicular to pressure head 4 Axis.
Cover board 7 has be mutually parallel bottom surface and top surface, is arranged in upper shaft 6 by bottom surface, the top surface of cover board 7 and pressure testing Vertical connection (is not shown, referring to Figures 1 and 2 the vertical pressure bar at middle top) in the pressure bar of device.
The present invention three point bending test device, can by can around the effect of own axis pressure head and upper shaft, Force direction is automatically corrected, ensures to be distributed in testpieces 3 and pressure head 4, three lines of the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22 On active force remain uniform, in the case where surface of test piece is uneven or upper and lower surface is not parallel, be unlikely to local stress Concentration, which causes to damage by pressure, causes test failure.
Further, it is provided with connecting rod 8 on the side that rotation presents a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme 5, it is symmetrical on another opposite side It is provided with another connecting rod 8, the axis of two connecting rods 8 is parallel with the axis of pressure head 4, and is generally aligned in the same plane interior;Each Connecting rod 8 and it is provided with spring 9 between the end of the pressure head 4 of the same side, can be played back by the effect of two lateral springs 9 Position effect.
In the three point bending test device of the present invention, base body 1 can be arranged as required to as a variety of suitable shapes; In the present embodiment, base body 1 includes first base 11, lower rotary shaft 14 and second base 15.
First base 11 is in step-like, with bottom surface and bottom surface parallel the first top surface 12 and the second top surface 13, first Top surface 12 is higher than the second top surface 13, and the first bearing 21 is arranged on the first top surface 12.
Lower rotary shaft 14 is arranged around own axis on the second top surface 13, the axis of the axis and pressure head 4 of lower rotary shaft 14 Vertically, and it is parallel with the axis of upper shaft 6 and in being generally aligned in the same plane.
There is second base 15 be mutually parallel bottom surface and top surface, second base 15 to be arranged on lower rotary shaft 14 by bottom surface, Second base 15 can be rotated around 14 axis of lower rotary shaft and can be slided along 14 axis direction of lower rotary shaft to be adjusted to required span, be compared More existing bend test fixture, this span method of adjustment are easier, quick;In addition, the second bearing 22 is arranged at the second bottom On the top surface of seat 15.
Further, connecting rod 8, the axis of two connecting rods 8 are symmetrically arranged on 11 two opposite sides of first base Line is parallel with the axis of pressure head 4;Each connecting rod 8 and it is provided with bullet between the end of first bearing 21 of the same side Spring 9.
Equally, connecting rod 8, the axis of two connecting rods 8 are symmetrically arranged on 15 two opposite sides of second base It is parallel with the axis of pressure head 4;Each connecting rod 8 and it is provided with spring 9 between the end of second bearing 22 of the same side.
Further, cover board 7 and rotation are presented a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme for offering annular recess with 6 connecting portion of upper shaft on 5, and groove is cut The radius in face is less than the radius of upper shaft 6.It is used on the second top surface 13 of first base 11 and second base 15 and lower rotary shaft 14 connecting portions offer annular recess, and the radius of groove section is less than the radius of lower rotary shaft 14.Annular recess enables to Installation is more convenient, and does not influence to rotate between each other.
The three point bending test device of the present invention by lower rotary shaft 14 and first base 11 in use, be positioned over testing machine first On platform, second base 15 is then adjusted into span along the axial movement of lower rotary shaft 14, it is then that test specimen is symmetrical all around It is positioned on the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22, rotation 5 (including pressure heads 4) of presenting a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme are symmetrically placed in testpieces all around On 3, cover board 7 and upper shaft 6 are positioned over rotation and presented a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme on 5.
After installing, Selection experiment speed according to actual needs;When experiment, cover board 7 rotates 5, second base 15 of presenting a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme Respectively around upper shaft 6, pressure head 4, lower rotary shaft 14 can rotate certain angle automatically so that be distributed in testpieces 3 and pressure head 4, Active force on three lines of the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22 remains uniform.Pressure head 4 gradually bends downwards compound Material laminate is until destroy.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, all answer by the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the scope of the claims It is accurate.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of three point bending test device, which is characterized in that including:
Base body (1) has be mutually parallel bottom surface and top surface, the first bearing (21) and second is arranged in parallel on the top surface Bearing (22) has preset distance between first bearing (21) and the second bearing (22);
Testpieces (3) is arranged on first bearing (21) and the second bearing (22);
Pressure head (4), is in round bar shape, testpieces (3) upper surface is arranged around own axis, for the testpieces (3) it is squeezed, the axis of the pressure head (4) is perpendicular to the midpoint of first bearing (21) and second bearing (22) Line between midpoint, and the axis of the pressure head (4) is to the distance between first bearing (21) or the second bearing (22) It is equal;
Rotation is presented a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme (5), is had and is mutually parallel bottom surface and top surface, the rotation present a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme (5) be arranged in the pressure head by bottom surface (4) on, and the pressure head (4) is located at the point midway for rotating (5) bottom surface of presenting a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme;
Upper shaft (6) rotates present a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme (5) upper surface, and the axis of the upper shaft (6) around own axis setting described Axis perpendicular to the pressure head (4);
There is cover board (7) be mutually parallel bottom surface and top surface, the cover board (7) to be arranged on the upper shaft (6) by bottom surface, The top surface of the cover board (7) and the pressure bar vertical connection of pressure testing device.
2. three point bending test device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that present a theatrical performance as the last item on a programme one of (5) in the rotation It is provided with connecting rod (8) on side, another connecting rod (8) is symmetrically arranged on another opposite side, described in two The axis of connecting rod (8) is parallel with the axis of the pressure head (4), and is generally aligned in the same plane interior;
It is provided with spring (9) between each connecting rod (8) and the end for the pressure head (4) for being located at the same side.
3. three point bending test device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the base body (1) includes:
First base (11) is in step-like, with bottom surface and the bottom surface parallel the first top surface (12) and the second top surface (13), first top surface (12) is higher than second top surface (13), and first bearing (21) is arranged in first top surface (12) on;
Lower rotary shaft (14), around own axis be arranged on second top surface (13), the axis of the lower rotary shaft (14) with The axis of the pressure head (4) is vertical, and parallel with the upper axis of shaft (6) and in being generally aligned in the same plane;
There is second base (15) be mutually parallel bottom surface and top surface, the second base (15) to be arranged under described by bottom surface In shaft (14), the second base (15) can rotate around the lower rotary shaft (14) axis and can be along the lower rotary shaft (14) axis Direction is slided, and second bearing (22) is arranged on the top surface of the second base (15).
4. three point bending test device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in (11) two phases of the first base To side on be symmetrically arranged with connecting rod (8), the axis of two connecting rods (8) is parallel with the axis of the pressure head (4);
It is provided with spring (9) between each connecting rod (8) and the end for first bearing (21) for being located at the same side.
5. three point bending test device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in (15) two phases of the second base To side on be symmetrically arranged with connecting rod (8), the axis of two connecting rods (8) is parallel with the axis of the pressure head (4);
It is provided with spring (9) between each connecting rod (8) and the end for second bearing (22) for being located at the same side.
6. three point bending test device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the cover board (7) and rotation pressure For offering annular recess with upper shaft (6) connecting portion on platform (5), the radius of the groove section is less than described The radius of upper shaft (6).
7. three point bending test device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the second top of the first base (11) It is described recessed for offering annular recess with the lower rotary shaft (14) connecting portion on face (13) and the second base (15) The radius of slot cross-section is less than the radius of the lower rotary shaft (14).
CN201510933035.5A 2015-12-13 2015-12-13 A kind of three point bending test device Active CN105547828B (en)

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CN105547828B true CN105547828B (en) 2018-07-13

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CN106885728A (en) * 2017-02-14 2017-06-23 山东省医疗器械产品质量检验中心 The fixture and method determined for bone plate bending strength and equivalent bending stiffness
CN109211698B (en) * 2018-03-21 2021-10-29 中国航空制造技术研究院 Three-point bending sample and method for testing local performance of metal material
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CN109655343A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-04-19 舟山市质量技术监督检测研究院 Concrete tile watt sample detection device and its detection method
CN109855957B (en) * 2019-04-03 2023-12-01 四川大学 Rock three-point bending clamp for size effect test
CN111157329B (en) * 2020-02-12 2021-11-23 上海交通大学 Low-temperature CTOD testing device and method
CN112067461A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-12-11 中国飞机强度研究所 Composite material bending test device
CN115266315A (en) * 2022-07-29 2022-11-01 华侨大学 Combined clamp for rock test

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3291210B2 (en) * 1996-11-13 2002-06-10 松下電工株式会社 Plate strength tester
JP2003307477A (en) * 2002-04-17 2003-10-31 Hitachi Maxell Ltd Method for three-point bending test for sheet-type test piece and apparatus used for the same
CN102607964A (en) * 2012-03-19 2012-07-25 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Novel three point bending test device for rock sample
CN202814781U (en) * 2012-10-15 2013-03-20 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Three-point bending test device of wire
CN202903617U (en) * 2012-10-29 2013-04-24 吉林大学 In-situ three-point bending test device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3291210B2 (en) * 1996-11-13 2002-06-10 松下電工株式会社 Plate strength tester
JP2003307477A (en) * 2002-04-17 2003-10-31 Hitachi Maxell Ltd Method for three-point bending test for sheet-type test piece and apparatus used for the same
CN102607964A (en) * 2012-03-19 2012-07-25 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Novel three point bending test device for rock sample
CN202814781U (en) * 2012-10-15 2013-03-20 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Three-point bending test device of wire
CN202903617U (en) * 2012-10-29 2013-04-24 吉林大学 In-situ three-point bending test device

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Effective date of registration: 20190815

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Patentee after: Shanghai Qin Yao Aviation Test Technology Co., Ltd.

Address before: 710065 No. 3 Electronic Second Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province

Patentee before: China Plane Intensity Research Institute