CN105546583B - A kind of tapered miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device in combustion chamber - Google Patents

A kind of tapered miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device in combustion chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105546583B
CN105546583B CN201511014550.XA CN201511014550A CN105546583B CN 105546583 B CN105546583 B CN 105546583B CN 201511014550 A CN201511014550 A CN 201511014550A CN 105546583 B CN105546583 B CN 105546583B
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China
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
inner sleeve
outer sleeve
wall
sleeve
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201511014550.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105546583A (en
Inventor
闫云飞
吴刚娥
尹昊文
张力
翟越
冯帅
蒲舸
杨仲卿
唐强
陈艳容
冉景煜
丁林
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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Priority to CN201511014550.XA priority Critical patent/CN105546583B/en
Publication of CN105546583A publication Critical patent/CN105546583A/en
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Publication of CN105546583B publication Critical patent/CN105546583B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23RGENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides the miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device that a kind of combustion chamber is tapered, including igniter, outer sleeve, inner sleeve and top panel;Inner sleeve is located in outer sleeve, is combustion chamber in inner sleeve, and preheating premix chamber is formed between inner sleeve and outer sleeve;Top panel is arranged on the top of outer sleeve, and the lower end of inner sleeve sets Porous Base, and the lower circumference wall of inner sleeve is porous wall, and the upper port of inner sleeve is communicated as exhaust outlet, combustion chamber with preheating premix chamber by porous wall and Porous Base;The side wall top of outer sleeve is along the circumferential direction uniformly arranged multiple air inlets and gas inlet.The combustion chamber of the present invention is caved in tubaeform in the column type of back-off, spreads the fuel in combustion chamber, internal-combustion and the distribution in temperature field are more uniform, the present invention is while fume afterheat utilizes, using porous material multiaspect air inlet, overheavy firing, rating of set evenly and then is improved in temperature field.

Description

A kind of tapered miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device in combustion chamber
Technical field
The present invention relates to miniature gas turbine field, more particularly to a kind of combustion chamber are tapered(Flue gas accelerates)Miniature backheat Disperse formula homogenous combustion device.This device accelerates while own combustion efficiency is improved to flue gas, is gas turbine turbine portion Divide the high-temperature flue gas that more kinetic energy is provided, further improve the power of gas turbine.
Background technology
Micro-scale gas flow is proposed with the development of MEMS (MEMS) technology, its burning generally less than 1cm3Volume in occur.The electricity generating principle of micro-scale gas flow is:Micro-scale burner produces high-temperature flue gas and drives heat engine acting Generate electricity, or directly changed by thermoelectric material and obtain electric power and generated electricity by photoelectric material, application field is related to micro air The many aspects such as device, micro-satellite propulsion system, military individual combat.Compared with conventional power supplying system, micro-scale gas flow generates electricity There is cheap, storage life limit for length, voltage stabilization, energy density is high and addition fuel is convenient again.Simultaneously as Micro-scale burner be not merely simply to conventional burners on yardstick it is scaled, it can produce many new ask Topic and challenge:First, because surface area relative increase causes radiating serious;2nd, because burner dimensions are too small, reacting gas stops Stay the time short, burning is not abundant enough and efficiency of combustion is low;3rd, existing many microburners all use single air inlet, easy shape Into thermo parameters method is uneven caused by too high along air inlet direction local temperature, local mixing burns insufficient phenomenon, sternly Ghost image rings efficiency of combustion;4th, existing combustor air inlet face is small so as to cause the induction air flow ratio under big flow too high, causes to put out and puts out Fiery phenomenon;And the big flow of high power burner requirement and put out phenomenon and contradiction be present, the existing less air inlet face of burner without Method solves flow velocity present in high power burner and the contradiction between putting out.
Therefore prior art assistant officer is to be modified and develops.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides one kind while flue-gas temperature is ensured, carry High exiting flue gas kinetic energy and combustion turbine power and internal-combustion is more uniform, the tapered miniature backheat in more efficient combustion chamber is more Dissipate formula homogenous combustion device.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of tapered miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device in combustion chamber, including igniter, outer sleeve, inner sleeve And top panel;The inner sleeve is located in outer sleeve, and inner sleeve setting coaxial with outer sleeve, is burning in the inner sleeve Room, preheating premix chamber is formed between the inner sleeve and outer sleeve;The bottom of the outer sleeve sets sealing plate, the top panel It is arranged on the top of outer sleeve and is sealed with outer sleeve and is coordinated;The inner sleeve is described interior in the big horn-like structure in lower end The lower end of sleeve sets Porous Base, and the lower circumference wall of the inner sleeve is porous wall, the combustion chamber and preheating premix chamber Communicated by porous wall and Porous Base, the upper port of the inner sleeve as exhaust outlet and passes through top panel;More bottom holes Plate is supported on the sealed bottom plate of outer sleeve by four pieces of support frames in cross arrangement;The side wall top edge of the outer sleeve Circumferencial direction is uniformly arranged multiple air inlets and gas inlet, and the air inlet and gas inlet, which intersect, to be set Put.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, air inlet and gas inlet opening's edge outer sleeve the side wall top Circumference tangential direction is arranged.
As another preferred scheme of the present invention, the inner sleeve is converging transition close to the circumferential wall of exhaust outlet;It is described The middle part circumferential wall outer surface of inner sleeve sets the screw thread fin with heat conductivility, and the screw thread fin, which helically declines, to be set Put;The bottom of the inner sleeve is porous wall.
As another preferred scheme of the present invention, in the porous wall on the aperture in hole and Porous Base hole aperture edge Gas flow direction is gradually reduced.
As a modification of the present invention scheme, the middle part of the Porous Base is arched upward upwards to be formed column type and caves in, institute The 1/5 of the basal diameter for a diameter of combustion chamber that column type caves in is stated, the height that column type caves in is high for the porous wall of combustion chamber The 1/3 of degree.
As another improvement project of the present invention, the inner sleeve is made of heat-transfer matcrial, and the outer sleeve uses Insulation material is made.
Scheme as a further improvement on the present invention, four pieces of support frames in cross arrangement are arranged in the bottom of outer sleeve It is on sealing plate and symmetrical with the center across of sealed bottom plate.
As the further improvement project of the present invention, the igniter is inserted from the bottom of outer sleeve, through burning The column type of room caves in, and puts in combustion chamber.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following technical effect that:
1st, inlet channel(That is air inlet and gas inlet)Along outer cylinder tangential direction interlaced arrangement, combustion gas and sky Tangential direction of the gas along outer cylinder enters gas channel, can form swirling eddy, strengthens premixing effect, extends gas motion road Footpath.
2nd, premixed in the preheating premix chamber after gas tangentially enters between inner sleeve and outer sleeve, avoid combustion chamber High-temperature wall surface directly contacts with environment, reduces thermal loss, while the high-temperature wall surface of inner sleeve can preheat premixed gas, improves The initial temperature of premixed gas, gas ignition difficulty is reduced, improve combustion intensity and flue-gas temperature, realize excess enthalpy combustion.
3rd, premixed gas is circumferential uniformly enters combustion chambers burn, the table in porous wall through the porous wall of inner sleeve lower part Face forms stabilization, uniform flame front, efficiently make use of the space in combustion chamber, flame and Temperature Distribution it is also more equal It is even;In premix gas constantly from the low temperature thin layer air film for during porous wall penetrates into combustion chamber, being attached to porous wall internal face The effective thermal-flame that separated contacts with the direct of inner sleeve wall, not only avoid ablation of the high temperature to combustion chamber, it is maintained Low wall surface temperature also effectively prevent premix gas burnt in porous wall, prevent the generation of tempering phenomenon.
4th, the combustion chamber porous wall is integrally tubaeform in back-off, and opening portion is provided with cylinder and caved in, and ensures premix Gas more uniformly enters combustion chamber from circumferential and axial, due to it is general only can be in circumferential porous wall using the air inlet of porous wall circumference Surface forms stabilization, uniform flame front, easily causes the topical hypothermia at center, influences being uniformly distributed for temperature field, the present invention It has been specifically designed a kind of column type to cave in structure, premix pneumatic transmission is entered into burner centre, allows fuel to be uniformly spread to combustion chamber In whole space, avoid combustion chamber center from topical hypothermia occur, make thermo parameters method in combustion chamber more uniform, realize more equal Even, efficient burning.
5th, the hole streamwise of porous wall that the present invention uses be in tapering type structure, different from conventional equal diameter hole, Preferably avoid gas backstreaming and tempering problem.
6th, arrangement screw thread fin can effectively increase the heat exchange of premixed gas and high-temperature wall surface in the middle part of inner sleeve outer surface Amount, intake air temperature is improved, meanwhile, decline after the gas mixing tangentially entered along screw thread fin direction spiral, extend premix The motion path of gas, the residence time of gas is added, reach the effect of abundant premix preheating.
7th, " three-stage " inner sleeve is designed to reach following multiple effect:First, upper air vent exhaust temperature is ensured Degree is unlikely to too low because of excessive heat exchange, while can prevent unmixed sufficiently gas from entering combustion chamber;Next to that middle part increases Strong heat exchange;It is finally porous wall infiltration connection combustion chamber and preheating premix chamber of the bottom by gas.
8th, tapered configuration of the high-temperature flue gas in combustion chamber has been issued to the effect accelerated, both ensure that the temperature of exhaust, again Improve the kinetic energy of flue gas so that it is reduced in the external work(that the nozzle segment of gas turbine is consumed, and improves whole combustion gas The efficiency of turbine.
9th, outer sleeve wall and inner sleeve wall of the present invention use different materials, and outer sleeve wall uses insulation material Material, device thermal loss is reduced, inner sleeve wall uses the material of good heat conductivity, strengthens changing for premixed gas and high-temperature gas Thermal effect, the temperature of premixed gas is improved, reduce the difficulty of catching fire of gas, overheavy firing, improve ignition temperature.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of the tapered miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device in combustion chamber;
Fig. 2 is cross sectional plan views of the Fig. 1 along A-A directions;
Fig. 3 is cross sectional plan views of the Fig. 1 along B-B directions.
In accompanying drawing, 1-air inlet;2-fuel air mouth;3-top panel;4-outer sleeve;5-inner sleeve; 6-porous wall;7-screw thread fin;8-exhaust outlet;9-igniter;10-support frame;11-preheating premix chamber; 12-combustion chamber.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the tapered miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device in a kind of combustion chamber, including point Fiery device 9, outer sleeve 4, inner sleeve 5 and top panel 3.Inner sleeve 5 is located in outer sleeve 4, and inner sleeve 5 is coaxial with outer sleeve 4 Set, the outer wall of inner sleeve 5 uses " three-stage " different structure, be combustion chamber 12 in inner sleeve 5, inner sleeve 5 and outer sleeve 4 it Between formed preheating premix chamber 11, for gas abundant premix preheat space is provided.The bottom of outer sleeve 4 sets sealing plate, above Plate 3, which is arranged on the top of outer sleeve 4 and sealed with outer sleeve 4, to be coordinated.Inner sleeve 5 is in the big horn-like structure in lower end, inner sleeve The lower end of cylinder 5 sets Porous Base, and the lower circumference wall of inner sleeve 5 is porous wall 6, and combustion chamber 12 passes through with preheating premix chamber 11 Porous wall 6 and Porous Base communicate, and the upper port of inner sleeve 5 as exhaust outlet 8 and passes through top panel 3.Porous Base is by four pieces The support frame 10 arranged in cross is supported on the sealed bottom plate of outer sleeve 4(Four pieces of support frames 10 in cross arrangement It is arranged on the sealed bottom plate of outer sleeve 4 and symmetrical with the center across of sealed bottom plate).The side of outer sleeve 4 Wall top is along the circumferential direction uniformly arranged multiple air inlets 1 and gas inlet 2, air inlet 1 and gas inlet 2 It is arranged in a crossed manner and circumferentially tangential direction is arranged, it is easy to the abundant premix of air inlet.
The middle part of Porous Base is arched upward upwards to be formed column type and caves in, and combustion chamber 12 is tubaeform in caving in for back-off, burning Locular wall is made up of three sections of different materials and structure.In order to realize that inner sleeve 5 is vented, heat exchange, ventilative multiple effect, whole inner sleeve 5 outside wall surfaces of cylinder are made up of three sections of different materials.Inner sleeve 5 is converging transition close to the circumferential wall of exhaust outlet 8, using heat-insulating property Strong material, such as oxide, for the discharge of high-temperature flue gas, ensure the temperature and speed discharged fume.The middle part circle of inner sleeve 5 Perisporium outer surface sets the screw thread fin 7 with heat conductivility, and screw thread fin 7 helically declines setting, using good heat conductivity Material, such as copper, gold and its alloy etc., for increasing the heat exchange of premixed gas and high-temperature wall surface, improve intake air temperature, together Shi Yanchang tangentially enters the motion path of premixed gas, increases the residence time of gas, reaches the effect of abundant premix preheating. The bottom of inner sleeve 5 is porous wall 6, and its porous material is typically at least one of powder sintered by ceramics, copper or stainless steel Form, for circumferential and axial direction connection preheating premix chamber 11 and combustion chamber 12, for the inlet channel of combustion chamber, whole combustion chamber is in Back-off is tubaeform, and it is tapered shape from air inlet to discharge directions, is advantageous to the high-temperature flue gas acceleration for outlet.The bottom of combustion chamber 12 Portion is caved in using column type, is advantageous to fuel and is more uniformly diffused into combustion chamber center, caused central office when avoiding burning Portion's low temperature.The 1/5 of the basal diameter for a diameter of combustion chamber 12 that column type caves in, the height that column type caves in are combustion chamber 12 The 1/3 of the height of porous wall 6.
Inner sleeve 5 and the wall of outer sleeve 4 use different materials, and inner sleeve 5 is made of heat-transfer matcrial(Such as copper, steel or Its alloy etc.);On the contrary, outer sleeve 4 is made of insulation material(Such as ceramic fibre material).
The aperture in hole is gradually reduced along gas flow direction on the aperture in hole and Porous Base in porous wall 6, porous presentation Tapered configuration, porous wall 6 by combustion chamber 12 with preheating premix chamber 11 is circumferential connects, Porous Base is by combustion chamber 12 and pre- warm premixing The axially connection of chamber 11.Preheating premix chamber 11 surrounds combustion chamber 12, and connects with the bottom surface of combustion chamber 12 and circumferentially.Premixed gas The part big from opening enters combustion chamber 12, high-temperature flue gas from the small place discharge in aperture, whole combustion chamber from charge combustion to High-temperature flue gas discharge is in tapered configuration.
In the present embodiment, igniter 9 is inserted from the bottom of outer sleeve 4, and the column type through combustion chamber 12 caves in, and Put in combustion chamber 12.
During work, air and fuel are respectively by being staggered in the circumferential He of air inlet 1 of the top side wall of outer sleeve 4 Fuel air mouth 2 enters preheating premix chamber, forms tangential premixed flow and is sufficiently mixed, and the gas of premix is along screw thread fin 7 Path spiral declines, and on the one hand adds the heat exchange of gas and combustion chamber high temperature wall, improves the intake air temperature of combustion chamber, drops Low difficulty of catching fire, residence time of the gas in preheating premix chamber 11 is on the other hand extended, enhances premixing effect.Along spiral shell The premixed gas that line fin 7 declines enters combustion chamber 12 from porous wall 6 is circumferential, and air inlet face includes combustion chamber side, bottom surface and Column type caves in, and reaches the effect of the circumferential and axial uniform air inlet of multiaspect.After air inlet, gas homogenous combustion in combustion chamber 12, Direction of the high-temperature flue gas along exhaust outlet 8 is moved upwards, and the heat exchange with air inlet is completed with the help of middle part screw thread fin 7, is Ensure the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas of exhaust outlet, air outlet portion is not strengthened exchanging heat, using the small material of thermal conductivity factor, whole In combustion chamber, due to its tapered shape, fuel completes burning, heat exchange, the process of acceleration.Take full advantage of its high-temperature flue gas Heat, avoid high-temperature wall surface from directly being contacted with environment, reduce the temperature and speed that exhaust is ensure that while radiating.
The combustion chamber of the present invention is caved in tubaeform in the column type of back-off, spreads the fuel in combustion chamber, internal-combustion And the distribution in temperature field is more uniform, while realizing that flue gas accelerates, the present invention utilizes backheat technology strengthen burning device UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN;Using porous material multiaspect air inlet, overheavy firing, circumference and axial admission are realized using porous media, strengthen into Tolerance, temperature field evenly so that improve rating of set, while flue-gas temperature is ensured raising exhanst gas outlet kinetic energy, be combustion gas Turbine Turbine section provides the high-temperature flue gas of more kinetic energy, further improves the power of gas turbine, meanwhile, gradual shrinkage aperture Porous material designs the tempering that it also avoid Conventional porous material, reflux problem;Intake method is proposed to improve, enhances air inlet Premixing effect;The miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device that the combustion chamber of the present invention is tapered makes burning more uniform, efficiency It is higher, the problem of the localized hyperthermia's focus and temperature distributing disproportionation that avoid conventional drum type brake burner from occurring.
Finally illustrate, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted, although with reference to compared with The present invention is described in detail good embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention Art scheme is modified or equivalent substitution, and without departing from the objective and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover at this Among the right of invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of tapered miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device in combustion chamber, including igniter (9), it is characterised in that: Also include outer sleeve (4), inner sleeve (5) and top panel (3);The inner sleeve (5) is located in outer sleeve (4), and inner sleeve (5) Setting coaxial with outer sleeve (4), it is combustion chamber (12) that the inner sleeve (5) is interior, between the inner sleeve (5) and outer sleeve (4) Form preheating premix chamber (11);The bottom of the outer sleeve (4) sets sealing plate, and the top panel (3) is arranged on outer sleeve (4) Top on and with outer sleeve (4) seal coordinate;The inner sleeve (5) is in the big horn-like structure in lower end, the inner sleeve (5) Lower end Porous Base is set, the lower circumference wall of the inner sleeve (5) be porous wall (6), and the combustion chamber (12) is with preheating Premix chamber (11) is communicated by porous wall (6) and Porous Base, and the upper port of the inner sleeve (5) as exhaust outlet (8) and is worn Cross top panel (3);The Porous Base is supported on the bottom of outer sleeve (4) by four pieces of support frames (10) in cross arrangement On sealing plate;The side wall top of the outer sleeve (4) is along the circumferential direction uniformly arranged multiple air inlets (1) and gas inlet Mouth (2), the air inlet (1) and gas inlet (2) are arranged in a crossed manner;
The circumference tangential direction arrangement of the air inlet (1) and gas inlet (2) along outer sleeve (4) side wall top;
The inner sleeve (5) is converging transition close to the circumferential wall of exhaust outlet (8);The middle part circumferential wall appearance of the inner sleeve (5) Face sets the screw thread fin (7) with heat conductivility, and the screw thread fin (7) helically declines setting;The inner sleeve (5) Bottom is porous wall (6).
2. the tapered miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device in combustion chamber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute The aperture for stating hole on the aperture in hole and Porous Base in porous wall (6) is gradually reduced along gas flow direction.
3. the tapered miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device in combustion chamber according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Institute The middle part for stating Porous Base arches upward to form column type and cave in upwards, the bottom surface for a diameter of combustion chamber (12) that the column type caves in The 1/5 of diameter, the height that column type caves in are the 1/3 of porous wall (6) height of combustion chamber (12).
4. the tapered miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device in combustion chamber according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Institute State inner sleeve (5) to be made of heat-transfer matcrial, the outer sleeve (4) is made of insulation material.
5. the tapered miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device in combustion chamber according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Four Block in cross arrangement support frame (10) be arranged on the sealed bottom plate of outer sleeve (4) and with the center of sealed bottom plate into Cross-shaped symmetrical is distributed.
6. the tapered miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device in combustion chamber according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:Institute State igniter (9) to insert from the bottom of outer sleeve (4), the column type through combustion chamber (12) caves in, and puts in combustion chamber (12) in.
CN201511014550.XA 2015-12-31 2015-12-31 A kind of tapered miniature backheat disperse formula homogenous combustion device in combustion chamber Expired - Fee Related CN105546583B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107504487B (en) * 2017-07-05 2023-10-03 广东工业大学 Continuous dispersion type combustion device and method for forming continuous dispersion type combustion

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59170622A (en) * 1983-03-16 1984-09-26 Hitachi Ltd Combustor for gas turbine
CN2061651U (en) * 1989-07-27 1990-09-05 北京工业大学 Temp. adjustable high speed premix gas burning nozzle
CN201141598Y (en) * 2007-12-13 2008-10-29 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Miniature combustor
CN201547781U (en) * 2009-12-16 2010-08-11 重庆大学 Burning chamber of miniature burner
CN201568964U (en) * 2009-10-30 2010-09-01 华南理工大学 Micro-combustor adopting applied electric field
CN105066175A (en) * 2015-08-31 2015-11-18 华能国际电力股份有限公司 Rotary constant-volume supercharged combustion chamber

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59170622A (en) * 1983-03-16 1984-09-26 Hitachi Ltd Combustor for gas turbine
CN2061651U (en) * 1989-07-27 1990-09-05 北京工业大学 Temp. adjustable high speed premix gas burning nozzle
CN201141598Y (en) * 2007-12-13 2008-10-29 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Miniature combustor
CN201568964U (en) * 2009-10-30 2010-09-01 华南理工大学 Micro-combustor adopting applied electric field
CN201547781U (en) * 2009-12-16 2010-08-11 重庆大学 Burning chamber of miniature burner
CN105066175A (en) * 2015-08-31 2015-11-18 华能国际电力股份有限公司 Rotary constant-volume supercharged combustion chamber

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