CN105546522A - Energy-saving and environment-friendly combustion system of layer-burning boiler - Google Patents
Energy-saving and environment-friendly combustion system of layer-burning boiler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105546522A CN105546522A CN201610066004.9A CN201610066004A CN105546522A CN 105546522 A CN105546522 A CN 105546522A CN 201610066004 A CN201610066004 A CN 201610066004A CN 105546522 A CN105546522 A CN 105546522A
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- combustion
- burner hearth
- environment
- conserving
- combustion barrel
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
- F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
- F23K1/04—Heating fuel prior to delivery to combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/20—Drying
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving and environment-friendly combustion system of a layer-burning boiler. The energy-saving and environment-friendly combustion system comprises a hearth, a combustion cylinder, a fan coal mill and a fuel conveying pipe, wherein at least one combustion cylinder is arranged on the side wall of the hearth, and the combustion cylinder connects and communicates with the hearth; an opening is formed in the upper part of the hearth and is connected with a first smoke inlet guide pipe; the first smoke inlet guide pipe is connected with the fan coal mill; the fan coal mill is connected with a raw coal input pipe; and the output opening of the fan coal mill is connected with the combustion cylinder through the fuel conveying pipe. The energy-saving and environment-friendly combustion system has the advantages that the low-oxygen combustion of coal powder can be facilitated, sufficient combustion can be ensured, and the highest heat value is released; the acceleration of coal powder combustion is facilitated, the burn-off rate is improved, and the recycling of residual heat is facilitated; and full coal powder combustion can be ensured, and at the same time, the emission of more than 40% of nitric oxide can be reduced.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to technical field of boiler combustion, particularly one improves efficiency of combustion, effectively reduce discharged nitrous oxides grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system.
[background technology]
Nitrogen oxide (nitrogenoxides) comprises multiple compounds, as nitrous oxide (N2O), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen trioxide (N2O3), dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) and dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) etc.Except nitrogen dioxide, the equal extremely unstable of other nitrogen oxide, meet light, wet or thermal change becomes nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide, nitric oxide becomes nitrogen dioxide again.Nitrogen oxide all has toxicity in various degree.
The NOx of human activity discharge, most of combustion process from fossil fuel, as the combustion process of automobile, aircraft, internal combustion engine and Industrial Stoves; Also from producing, using the process of nitric acid, as nitrogen fertilizer plant, organic intermediate factory, coloured and ferrous metal smelting factory etc.The whole world every year due to mankind's activity to the NOx of airborne release more than 6,000 ten thousand tons.NOx is very big to the detrimental effect of environment, and it is one of main matter forming acid rain, is also form the important substance of photochemical fog in air and consume an important factor of O3.
Nitrogen oxide can stimulate lung, and make the respiratory disease of the more difficult opposing flu of people and so on, the problematic personage of respiratory system, as asthmatics, comparatively can be subject to nitrogen dioxide impact.Concerning children, it is impaired that nitrogen oxide may cause lung to grow.Research points out that sucking nitrogen oxide for a long time may cause lung's structural change, but still cannot not determine the amount of nitrogen oxides and the suction gas time that cause this consequence.
Reducing agent (ammonia, urea, alkane etc.) and nitrogen oxide generation chemical reaction is mainly used to neutralize nitrogen oxide in industry, technique mainly contains selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and SNCR method (SNCR) etc., generate nitrogen and water after ammonia and reaction of nitrogen oxides, thus reach non-pollution discharge.But process operations is complicated, operating cost is too high.
The chimney arch that existing coal-fired chain furnace comprises burner hearth 1, is arranged on the fire grate 4 in burner hearth 1 and is arranged on above fire grate 4, arranges raw coal conveyer belt 2 and the hopper 3 for being input into raw coal outside described burner hearth 1.After raw coal is lighted on fire grate 4, heat is upwards carried under the guiding of chimney arch.In such structure, raw coal burns on fire grate, and ignition temperature is lower, and burning time is short, and raw coal is difficult to burning completely, and efficiency of combustion is low and nitrogen oxides in effluent content is high, causes severe contamination to environment.
[summary of the invention]
The present invention seeks to the deficiency existed for above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of efficiency of combustion high, effectively reduce the grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system of discharge amount of nitrogen oxides.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system, comprise burner hearth, combustion barrel, blower mill and fuel-supply pipe, the sidewall of described burner hearth arranges a minimum described combustion barrel, and described combustion barrel is connected with described burner hearth and communicates; The top of described burner hearth arranges an opening and is connected with the first flue gas ingress pipe, described first flue gas ingress pipe is connected with blower mill, described blower mill is connected with raw coal input pipe, the delivery outlet of blower mill is connected with described combustion barrel by fuel-supply pipe, for combustion barrel provides fuel.
Two sidewalls that described burner hearth is relative are each other respectively arranged with a minimum described combustion barrel; Each described combustion barrel is connected with the sidewall of described burner hearth 1 and communicates.
Described combustion barrel deflection burner hearth rear portion, on the horizontal section of burner hearth, angle between the axis of described combustion barrel and burner hearth sidewall surface vertical line is 0-18 °, flame is first sprayed backward, then return again under the swabbing action of former boiler induced-draft fan, can prolonging combustion path, ensure that burning is more abundant, fuel can after-flame.The outlet of described combustion barrel 17 is towards burner hearth 1 rear.
Arrange in the fuel inlet of described combustion barrel and lead combustion cone, described in lead combustion cone drift angle be 90-120 °, for dispersion fuel, carry out Homogeneous phase mixing with combustion air, easily catch fire and burn more abundant.
Inside the outlet of described combustion barrel, collar stop is set, makes exit inside diameter constriction to original 1/2-1/3, flame is circled round, burn more abundant.
Described combustion barrel sidewall arranges two sidespin wind entrances, combustion-supporting gas carries out tangential air intake by the combustion-supporting conduit be connected with sidespin air port in combustion barrel, in burning after making fuel fully mix with combustion-supporting gas, the flame that burning is formed circles round rebounding with collar stop collision rift.
The second blender installed by described first flue gas ingress pipe, and described second blender is connected with the second air leading-in conduit, first mixing with high-temperature flue gas, supplementing partial oxidation, regulating oxygen content for importing air.
Described burner hearth lower rear arranges an opening and is connected with the second flue gas ingress pipe, described second flue gas ingress pipe is connected with blender, described blender is connected with air leading-in conduit, and the discharging port of described blender is connected with described combustion barrel sidewall by combustion-supporting conduit.
Smoke discharge pipe arranges heat exchanger, and combustion fan is connected with heat exchanger by pipeline, and described heat exchanger is connected with blender by air leading-in conduit.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: 1. adopt high-temperature flue gas to mix with raw coal and grind coal dust, carry out abundant preheating to fuel, and being conducive to coal dust can hypoxemia and burning fully, discharges most high heating value; 2. be suitable for very much the reducing energy consumption to original Industrial Boiler, improve existing boiler combustion efficiency; 3. adopt part high-temperature hot flue gas to mix with air combustion-supporting, be conducive to the burning of acceleration coal dust and improve burn-off rate, and being conducive to waste heat recovery; 4. high in efficiency of combustion, temperature is high, and is Thorough combustion under hypoxia, can guarantee that coal dust firing is complete, can reduce by more than the discharge of the nitrogen oxide of 40% simultaneously.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is prior art structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of a kind of grate firing boiler of the present invention energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the plan structure schematic diagram of a kind of grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective of the present invention combustion system embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of a kind of grate firing boiler of the present invention energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system embodiment 2;
Fig. 5 is combustion barrel structural representation in a kind of grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective of the present invention combustion system.
[detailed description of the invention]
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, explanation is described in detail to the present invention.
Grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, comprises burner hearth 1, combustion barrel 17, blower mill 5 and fuel-supply pipe 18.Described burner hearth 1 sidewall is minimum arranges a described combustion barrel 17, and described combustion barrel 17 is connected with described burner hearth 1 and communicates.Arrange an opening in the front upper of described burner hearth 1 to be connected with the first flue gas ingress pipe 7, described first flue gas ingress pipe 7 is connected with blower mill 5, described blower mill 5 is connected with raw coal input pipe 6, the delivery outlet of blower mill 5 is connected with described combustion barrel 17, for combustion barrel provides fuel by fuel-supply pipe 18.Described burner hearth lower rear is connected with the second flue gas ingress pipe 12, described second flue gas ingress pipe 12 is connected with blender 15, described blender 15 is connected with air leading-in conduit, and the discharging port of described blender is connected with described combustion barrel 17 sidewall by combustion-supporting conduit.Wherein, the volume ratio of the air of importing and the heat smoke of derivation is 1-3:2, makes combustion air have suitable oxygen content, is conducive to burning.Preferably, the volume ratio of the air of importing and the heat smoke of derivation is 3:2, makes burning more abundant.The lateral of described combustion-supporting conduit 16 is connected with the tangent air inlet of described combustion barrel 17, can improve efficiency of combustion.Smoke discharge pipe arranges heat exchanger 10, and combustion fan 11 is connected with heat exchanger 10 by pipeline, and described heat exchanger 10 is connected with blender 15 by air leading-in conduit.First mix inputting after combustion air preheating in described blender 15 with heat smoke, after mixing, temperature can be 400 DEG C again.
Preferably, two sidewalls that described burner hearth 1 is relative are each other respectively arranged with a minimum described combustion barrel 17; Each described combustion barrel 17 is connected with the sidewall of described burner hearth 1 and communicates.Each described combustion barrel 17 is connected with independently described blower mill 5 respectively by coal dust input pipe 18, and described blower mill 5 is connected with upper furnace, for importing high-temperature flue gas by the first flue gas ingress pipe 7.Wherein, described first flue gas ingress pipe 7 is provided with the first air-introduced machine 8, for being drawn by high-temperature flue gas.Wherein, the flue gas quoted and the mass ratio of raw coal are 2:1, effectively can carry out drying, preheating to coal dust when grinding coal dust, improve burn-off rate.Described raw coal input pipe 6 is connected with coal bunker 3, can not change the pipe arrangement of existing boiler, is conducive to the transformation and upgrade to existing steam generator system.
The second blender 19 installed by described first flue gas ingress pipe 7, and described second blender 19 is connected with the second air leading-in conduit 20, first mixing with high-temperature flue gas, supplementing partial oxidation, regulating oxygen content for importing air.Preferably, the air of introducing and the volume ratio of flue gas are 2-3:2, can provide oxygen content of the most reasonably burning like this.Most preferred, the air of introducing and the volume ratio of flue gas are 2.6:2, can provide oxygen content of the most reasonably burning like this, while can improving efficiency of combustion, and the nitrogen oxide in effective emissions reduction.
Wherein, on the horizontal section of burner hearth 1, angle between the axis of described combustion barrel 17 and burner hearth 1 sidewall surfaces vertical line is 0-18 ° and is partial to burner hearth rear portion, flame is first sprayed backward, then fire back again under the swabbing action of former boiler induced-draft fan, can prolonging combustion path, ensure that burning is more abundant, fuel can after-flame.The outlet of described combustion barrel 17 is towards burner hearth 1 rear.Preferably, wherein, on the horizontal section of burner hearth 1, the angle between the axis of described combustion barrel and burner hearth sidewall surface vertical line is 5-14 °.Most preferred, wherein, on the horizontal section of burner hearth 1, the angle between the axis of described combustion barrel 17 and burner hearth 1 sidewall surfaces vertical line is 8-10 °,
As shown in Figure 5, arrange in the fuel inlet of described combustion barrel 17 and lead combustion cone 171, for dispersion fuel (mixture of coal dust and flue gas and air), fuel and combustion air Homogeneous phase mixing can be made, be more prone to catch fire and burn more abundant.Described drift angle of leading combustion cone is 90-120 °.Preferably, described in lead combustion cone drift angle be 105 °, to powder-gas mixture dispersion the most even.Collar stop 172 is set inside the outlet of described combustion barrel 17, makes exit inside diameter constriction to original 1/2-1/3, flame is circled round, burn more abundant.Each described combustion barrel 17 sidewall arranges two sidespin wind entrances, combustion-supporting gas carries out tangential air intake by the combustion-supporting conduit 16 be connected with sidespin air port in combustion barrel 17, burn again after fuel is fully mixed with combustion-supporting gas, the thermal-flame that burning is formed enters burner hearth again rebounding to circle round with collar stop collision rift, can guarantee that fuel burns.The tube connector of each sidespin wind entrance arranges valve 161, for regulating intake.
As shown in Figure 4, dividing plate 14 is set in described burner hearth 1 and burner hearth 1 is divided into combustion zone and heat absorption district 9, described dividing plate 14 arranges a minimum passage of heat 13 described combustion zone and heat absorption district 9 are communicated.Dividing plate 14 can make the high-temp combustion flame entered in combustion zone carry out fully superposing mixing and stopping the sufficiently long time, is conducive to improving ignition temperature and making fuel combustion more abundant.
The present invention can also be respectively arranged with two described combustion barrels 17 on two relative each other sidewalls of described burner hearth 1, and described combustion barrel 17 is connected with described burner hearth 1 and communicates.The combustion barrel 17 that the relative sidewall of described burner hearth 1 is installed is symmetrical arranged for relative two sidewall center lines, combustion barrel flame out can be made like this to carry out mixing superposition, improve ignition temperature, make fuel combustion more abundant, prevent flame from directly washing away furnace wall simultaneously, extend burner hearth service life.Arrange an opening in described heat absorption district 9 to be connected with the first flue gas ingress pipe 7, described first flue gas ingress pipe 7 is connected with blower mill 5, described blower mill 5 is connected with raw coal input pipe 6, the delivery outlet of described blower mill 5 is connected with described combustion barrel 17 by fuel-supply pipe 18, for combustion barrel 17 provides fuel.Wherein said first flue gas ingress pipe 7 is provided with the first air-introduced machine 8.Wherein, the mass ratio of flue gas and coal dust is 2:1, effectively can carry out drying, preheating to coal dust, improves burn-off rate.
Described dividing plate 14 is arcuate structure upwards, and described passage of heat can be provided with two or more.Described passage of heat can arrange three, arranges in equilateral triangle.Be provided with to lead to fire in the introducing port that the sidewall of described burner hearth is connected with described combustion barrel and bore, for a point heat radiation origin, make burning more evenly fully.
Described blower mill 5 is mainly the coal dust that coal-burning boiler provides qualified, and it integrates dry, powder process and defeated powder three zones, is mainly used in grinding the bituminous coal of the mixed coal of brown coal, oil shale and brown coal or high-volatile, high moisture content.It is primarily of casing, striker wheel, separator, bearing housing and the part such as cooling and lubricating system and mair motor composition thereof.
Raw coal enters coal bunker 3 through conveyer belt 2, then enters in blower mill 5 through raw coal input pipe 6; High-temperature flue gas in the burner hearth extracted out by the first air-introduced machine 8 through the first flue gas ingress pipe 7 the second blender 19 to mix with air laggard enter in blower mill 5, after mixing with raw coal and the mixture be milled into as coal dust and flue gas and air, enter ignition in combustion barrel 17 through fuel-supply pipe 18.Combustion air enters after heat exchanger 10 is heated to 100 DEG C and enters blender 15 under the effect of combustion fan 11, mix with the high-temperature flue gas from the second flue gas ingress pipe 12 in blender 15, formation temperature is the uniform mixing high temperature combustion-supporting gas of 400 DEG C, tangentially enter the abundant mixed combustion with coal dust in combustion barrel 17 through combustion-supporting conduit 16 again, form the combustion zone that high-temperature low-oxygen flame enters burner hearth 1; Enter burner hearth heat absorption district 9 through passage of heat 13 again, entered in air by the original air-introduced machine extraction of boiler finally by heat exchanger 10.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, should be appreciated that the ordinary skill of this area just design according to the present invention can make many modifications and variations without the need to creative work.Therefore, all technical staff in the art according to the present invention's design on prior art basis by logic analysis, reasoning or according to the available technical scheme of limited experiment, all should by among the determined protection domain of these claims.
Claims (9)
1. grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system, comprises burner hearth, combustion barrel, blower mill and fuel-supply pipe, and the sidewall of described burner hearth arranges a minimum described combustion barrel, and described combustion barrel is connected with described burner hearth and communicates; The front upper of described burner hearth arranges an opening and is connected with the first flue gas ingress pipe, described first flue gas ingress pipe is connected with blower mill, described blower mill is connected with raw coal input pipe, and the delivery outlet of blower mill is connected with described combustion barrel by fuel-supply pipe.
2. a kind of grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: on two sidewalls that described burner hearth is relative each other, be respectively arranged with a minimum described combustion barrel; Each described combustion barrel is connected with the sidewall of described burner hearth and communicates.
3. a kind of grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described combustion barrel deflection burner hearth rear portion, and on the horizontal section of burner hearth, the angle between the axis of described combustion barrel and burner hearth sidewall surface vertical line is 0-18 °.
4. a kind of grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: arrange in the fuel inlet of described combustion barrel and lead combustion cone, described in lead combustion cone drift angle be 90-120 °.
5. a kind of grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: arrange collar stop inside the outlet of described combustion barrel, makes exit inside diameter constriction to original 1/2-1/3.
6. a kind of grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: described combustion barrel sidewall arranges two sidespin wind entrances, and combustion-supporting gas carries out tangential air intake by the combustion-supporting conduit be connected with sidespin air port in combustion barrel.
7. a kind of grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the second blender installed by described first flue gas ingress pipe, and described second blender is connected with the second air leading-in conduit.
8. a kind of grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described burner hearth lower rear arranges an opening and is connected with the second flue gas ingress pipe, described second flue gas ingress pipe is connected with blender, described blender is connected with air leading-in conduit, and the discharging port of described blender is connected with described combustion barrel sidewall by combustion-supporting conduit.
9. a kind of grate firing boiler energy-conserving and environment-protective combustion system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: on smoke discharge pipe, arrange heat exchanger, combustion fan is connected with heat exchanger by pipeline, and described heat exchanger is connected with blender by air leading-in conduit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610066004.9A CN105546522A (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2016-01-29 | Energy-saving and environment-friendly combustion system of layer-burning boiler |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610066004.9A CN105546522A (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2016-01-29 | Energy-saving and environment-friendly combustion system of layer-burning boiler |
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| CN201610066004.9A Pending CN105546522A (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2016-01-29 | Energy-saving and environment-friendly combustion system of layer-burning boiler |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106861397A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-20 | 黄永乐 | A kind of boiler exhaust gas treatment facilities and the boiler using the structure |
| CN108386835A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-08-10 | 四川雷鸣环保装备有限公司 | Cyclone type gas combustion apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108386835A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-08-10 | 四川雷鸣环保装备有限公司 | Cyclone type gas combustion apparatus |
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Application publication date: 20160504 |
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