CN105545398A - Combined camshaft - Google Patents
Combined camshaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105545398A CN105545398A CN201610107292.8A CN201610107292A CN105545398A CN 105545398 A CN105545398 A CN 105545398A CN 201610107292 A CN201610107292 A CN 201610107292A CN 105545398 A CN105545398 A CN 105545398A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- axis body
- camshaft
- key
- cam bit
- assembled camshaft
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
- F01L2001/0471—Assembled camshafts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a combined camshaft, and belongs to the technical field of camshafts. The combined camshaft comprises a shaft body, a cam piece, a flange disc and an end plug. The shaft body is detachably sleeved with the cam piece. The flange disc is detachably connected to one end of the shaft body. The end plug is detachably connected to the other end of the shaft body. According to the combined camshaft, material split optimization and camshaft structural style selection are facilitated, the weight and cost are greatly lowered (wherein the weight is lowered by 40% and the cost is lowered by 30% or above compared with a casting camshaft), the rigidity and torsional strength of the camshaft are improved, and the cam contour machining procedures and fine machining equipment are greatly saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to camshaft technical field, in particular to a kind of assembled camshaft.
Background technique
Camshaft is parts in piston engine.The effect of camshaft is the opening and closing action controlling valve.Although the rotating speed of camshaft is the half (identical with bent axle at the rotating speed of two stroke engine convexity wheel shaft) of bent axle in four stroke engine, but its rotating speed is still very high usually, and need to bear very large moment of torsion, therefore very high to the requirement of camshaft in intensity and support in design, its material is generally superior alloy steel or alloyed steel.Because valve motion rule is related to power and the service performance of a motor, therefore camshaft design in the design process of motor in occupation of very consequence.
Camshaft bearing is by periodic impulsive load.Contact stress between cam and tappet is very large, and relative sliding velocity is also very high, and therefore the wearing and tearing on cam work surface are more serious.For this situation, except due higher dimensional accuracy, less surface roughness and enough rigidity, also should there be higher wear resistance and good lubrication in camshaft bearing journal and cam work surface.
Camshaft is forged by quality carbon steel or alloyed steel usually, also can cast with alloy cast iron or spheroidal graphite cast iron.Axle journal and cam work surface are after heat treatment polished.
Traditional camshaft is mainly cast or is forged and processes, and each part material performance is similar.This camshaft is difficult to ensure the requirement of engine valve actuating mechanism to each position different performance of camshaft simultaneously, the arrangement of cam also can not be compact, material use is unreasonable, and following process is complicated, lightweight, function high concentration and in reducing costs difficulty have new breakthrough.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of assembled camshaft, be intended to solve the problem.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of assembled camshaft, comprises axis body, cam bit, flange plate and plug; Described cam bit is detachably sheathed on the outside of described axis body, and described flange plate is removably connected to one end of described axis body, and described plug is removably connected to the other end of described axis body.
Further, this assembled camshaft also comprises gear, and this gear is detachably sheathed on the outside of described axis body, and this gear is near described flange plate.
Further, this assembled camshaft also comprises phase disk, and this phase disk is detachably connected with described axis body.
Further, described cam bit and described axis body interference fit.
Further, described cam bit is connected by key with described axis body.
Further, described cam bit is connected by flat key with described axis body.
Further, described cam bit and described axis body pass through spline joint.
Further, described flange plate is connected with described axis body by bolt.
Further, described cam bit adopts GCr15 forging, and the hardness of this cam bit is greater than 55HRC.
Further, described axis body adopts E355 steel pipe to make.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the assembled camshaft that the present invention is obtained by above-mentioned design, be conducive to material split optimization and camshaft structure formal character, significantly reduce weight with cost (compared with Cast camshaft, weight saving 40%, cost lowers more than 30%), improve rigidity and the torsional strength of camshaft, significantly save cam profile machining operation and finish machining equipment aspect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technological scheme of embodiment of the present invention, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in mode of execution below, be to be understood that, the following drawings illustrate only some embodiment of the present invention, therefore the restriction to scope should be counted as, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other relevant accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the assembled camshaft that embodiment of the present invention provides.
Figure acceptance of the bid note is respectively:
Axis body 101;
Cam bit 102;
Flange plate 103;
Plug 104;
Gear 105.
Embodiment
For making the object of embodiment of the present invention, technological scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in embodiment of the present invention, technological scheme in embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described mode of execution is the present invention's part mode of execution, instead of whole mode of executions.Based on the mode of execution in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other mode of execution obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.Therefore, below to the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings and the claimed scope of the present invention of not intended to be limiting, but selected mode of execution of the present invention is only represented.Based on the mode of execution in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other mode of execution obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment, refers to Fig. 1.
A kind of assembled camshaft of present embodiment, its basic structure of this assembled camshaft and fundamental function and camshaft of the prior art there is no too big difference, assembled camshaft also comprises axis body 101, cam bit 102, flange plate 103 and plug 104, except these parts, also can also comprise miscellaneous part.
Axis body 101 is main components of assembled camshaft, and play the effect of bearing load and installation miscellaneous part, the material of axis body 101 and preparation process can be similar with prior art convexity wheel shaft.
In this assembled camshaft, cam bit 102, flange plate 103 and plug 104 are not integrated with axis body 101, but connect like this: described cam bit 102 is detachably sheathed on the outside of described axis body 101, described flange plate 103 is removably connected to one end of described axis body 101, and described plug 104 is removably connected to the other end of described axis body 101.
Assembled camshaft camshaft is divided into above-mentioned cam bit 102, flange plate 103, plug 104 etc. several can assembly parts, carries out optimization of material and fine finishing respectively, then be assembled into novel compositions design and the contemporary manufacturing mode of integral cam shaft.Assembling type processing mode can realize flexible design, flexible production and fast manufacture.
Therefore, compared with conventional cam shaft, this assembled camshaft at least has following advantage: be conducive to material split optimization and camshaft structure formal character, significantly reduce weight with cost (compared with Cast camshaft, weight saving 40%, cost lowers more than 30%), improve rigidity and the torsional strength of camshaft, significantly save cam profile machining operation and finish machining equipment aspect.
Assembled camshaft plays the effect of transmission of power in use, and therefore this assembled camshaft also comprises gear 105, and this gear 105 is detachably sheathed on the outside of described axis body 101, and this gear 105 is near described flange plate 103.
As shown in Figure 1, gear 105 is arranged on this position, can transferring power.
Operationally, need to detect its rotating speed, carry out respective handling and make it work better, for this reason, this assembled camshaft also comprises phase disk to assembled camshaft, and this phase disk is detachably connected with described axis body 101.
Phase disk or phase discriminator, crankshaft position sensor is also called engine speed and CKP, its function is collecting crankshaft rotation angle and engine rotational speed signal, and inputs the electronic control unit of automobile, to determine time of ignition and oil injection time.
CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor is also called cylinder identification sensor, and in order to be different from crankshaft position sensor, CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor generally all represents with CIS.The function of CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor is the position signal gathering distribution cam axle, and inputs ECU, so that ECU identifies cylinder compression top dead center, thus carries out sequential fuel injection control, time of ignition control and detonation control.In addition, camshaft-position signal is also for identifying first time time of ignition during engine start.Because CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor can identify which cylinder piston is about to arrive top dead center, so be called cylinder identification sensor.
Crankshaft position sensor is arranged in distributor usually, is one of most important sensor in control system.Its effect has: detect engine speed, be therefore also called speed probe; Detect piston top dead center position, therefore also referred to as TDCS TDC Sensor, comprise and detecting for controlling each cylinder top dead center signal of igniting, the first cylinder top dead center signal for control sequence oil spout.
Crankshaft sensor mainly contains three types: magnetoelectric induction, hall effect type and photoelectric.
1, magnetoelectric induction:
Magnetic induction speed transducer and crankshaft position sensor divide upper and lower to be two-layerly arranged in distributor.Sensor is made up of permanent magnet induction Test coil and rotor (Timing rotor and rotating speed rotor), and rotor rotates with distributor shaft.Timing rotor has the various ways such as one, two or four tooth, and rotating speed rotor is 24 teeth.Permanent magnet induction Test coil is fixed on distributor body.If known speed sensor signal and CRANK SENSOR, and the job order of each cylinder, just can know the crank position of each cylinder.The gyrator channel dish of magnetic induction speed transducer and crankshaft position sensor also can be arranged on bent axle or camshaft.
2, hall effect type:
Hall effect tachometric transducer and crankshaft position sensor are a kind of signal generators utilizing Hall effect.Hall signal generator is arranged in distributor, coaxial with split fire head, is integrally fixed on distributor dish by the Hall chip encapsulated and permanent magnet.The breach number triggered on impeller is identical with cylinder number.Enter between permanent magnet and Hall element when triggering the blade on impeller, the magnetic field of Hall trigger, by blade bypass, does not at this moment produce Hall voltage, sensor non-output signal; When triggering the barbed portion on impeller and entering between permanent magnet and Hall element, the magnetic line of force enters Hall element, and Hall voltage raises, sensor output voltage signal.
3, photoelectric:
Photoelectric crankshaft position sensor is generally contained in distributor, is made up of the signal panel of signal generator and band unthreaded hole.Its signal panel rotate together with distributor shaft, and there are 360 photoetching gaps signal panel outer ring, produce the signal of crank angle 1 degree; Slightly by interior 6 unthreaded holes having 60 degree, interval uniform, produce the signal of crank angle 120 degree, wherein 1 unthreaded hole is wider, in order to produce the signal relative to 1 cylinder top dead center.Signal generator is arranged on distributor body, is made up of two light emitting diodes, two photodiodes and circuit.Light emitting diode faces photodiode.Signal panel are between light emitting diode and photodiode, and due to signal panel having unthreaded hole, then generation printing opacity and shading replace variation phenomenon.When the light beam of light emitting diode shines photodiode, photodiode produces voltage; When light emitting diode light beam is lived by shelves, photodiode voltage 0.These voltage signals through circuit part shaping amplify after, namely to electronic control unit conveyer axle corner be 1 degree and 120 degree time signal, electronic control unit is according to these calculated signals engine speed and crank position.
Cam bit 102 and axis body 101 removably connect, the processing respectively both convenient and follow-up assembling work.In concrete production, there is the multiple detachable mode be connected, the present embodiment provides several concrete Placement, and those skilled in the art must know and are not limited to this Placement between cam bit 102 and axis body 101, and miscellaneous part and axis body 101 also can adopt this Placement.Described cam bit 102 and described axis body 101 interference fit.
Generically, in machining and manufacture process, the mated condition of more than two or two parts can be divided into roughly be slidably matched, many grades such as transition fit and drive fit, interference fit belongs to the one in drive fit, that is the diameter of axle (key is wide) matched is greater than aperture (keyway), special tool(s) must be adopted to extrude, or utilize the characteristic of expanding with heat and contract with cold, hole (keyway) is heated, take advantage of borehole enlargement, be set to rapidly on axle, rear two parts of contraction to be cooled just tightly fit in one.If meet some part can not take heating, also axle (key) can be placed in dry ice and cool, effect is the same.
The cam bit 102 and the axis body 101 that are connected by interference fit can be that cam bit 102 is normally finished the work.
Except interference fit, described cam bit 102 can also be connected by key with described axis body 101.
It is fix to transmit motion and torque by the key circumference realized between axle and parts on shaft that key connects.Wherein, some type can also realize axial restraint and transmit axial force, and some type also can realize axially dynamic connection.
Key connects can be divided into flat key connection, woodruff key connects, wedge key connects and is connected with tangent key.
1, flat key connects
Flat key divides by purposes three kinds: parallel key, dive key and feather key.The bi-side of flat key are working surface, and it is by key and key slot side extruding transmitting torque that flat key connects, and leaves gap between the upper surface of key and wheel hub bottom land.Flat key connection has the advantages such as structure is simple, mounting or dismounting are convenient, centering is good, is thus widely used.
Parallel key is used for the static connection without relative sliding of wheel hub and between centers.The end shape difference of button is divided into A type (round end), Type B (square toes), three kinds, C type (single round end).On the axle of A type parallel key, keyway finger cutter mills out on vertical milling machine, and the shape of groove is identical with key, and key is fixed well in groove, does not loosen during work, but on axle, splined end stress is concentrated larger.Type B parallel key axial trough processes on Milling machineshorizontal with plate-like milling cutter, and the stress of axle is concentrated less, but key easily loosens in axial trough, therefore to larger-size key, should be pressed in bottom axial trough by key with Cock screw.C type parallel key is usually used in the connection of axle head.
Dive key and feather key all need being dynamically connected of relative sliding for wheel hub and between centers.Dive key is screwed in the keyway on axle, and wheel hub is in axial sliding along the side of key.Feather key is then be fixed on wheel hub by key, moves along axial trough with wheel hub.Dive key is used for the wheel hub occasion that displacement distance is less vertically, when the larger appropriate to the occasion employing feather key of distance that moves axially of wheel hub connects.
2, woodruff key connects
The working principle that woodruff key connects connects identical with flat key.On axle, the keyway plate-like milling cutter identical with woodruff key radius mills out, and therefore woodruff key can swing around its geometrical center with the gradient adapting to wheel hub groove bottom in groove.The structure that woodruff key connects is simple, manufacture and mounting or dismounting convenient, but due to keyway on axle comparatively dark, comparatively large to the strength reduction of axle, therefore be generally used for underloading and connect, in the connection of especially tapered shaft end and wheel hub.
3, wedge key connects
The upper and lower surface of wedge key is working surface, and the upper surface of key and wheel hub keyway bottom surface all have the gradient of 1:100.After assembling, key wedging is between axial trough and hub groove.During work, the bias voltage be subject to by the frictional force between key, axle, hub and key carrys out transmitting torque, can bear unidirectional thrust load simultaneously.
4, tangent key connect
The general taper key that tangent key are 1:100 by two gradients forms.During assembling, two wedge keys are squeezed into from wheel hub one end respectively, make two inclined-plane relative, and common wedging is in the keyway of axle and wheel hub.Its upper and lower faces (leptoprosopy) is working surface, and one of them working surface is in the plane passing through shaft axis, and extruding force during work on working surface is along the tangent line effect of axle.Therefore, the working principle that tangent key connect leans on the extruding of working surface to carry out transmitting torque.Tangent key can only transmit unidirectional torque, to transmit two-way torque, must with two tangent key, and 120 degree of-135 degree that stagger oppositely is installed.Tangent key connect and are mainly used in the diameter of axle to be greater than 100mm, centering less demanding and in the heavy machinery that load is larger.
In addition, described cam bit 102 and described axis body 101 are also by spline joint.
Flange plate 103 is arranged on the end of axis body 101, and particularly, described flange plate 103 can be connected with described axis body 101 by bolt.
The cam bit 102 of the present embodiment convexity wheel shaft adopts GCr15 to forge, and after finishing of internal diameter, garland forms 36 tooth splines, cam face high frequency hardening, and hardness can reach more than 55HRC; The axis body 101 of camshaft adopts E355 steel pipe, cylindrical knurling connection cam bit 102; Form camshaft blank after the axial annular knurl of flange plate 103 endoporus and steel pipe circumference knurling connection assemble, then fine finishing forms camshaft.
The work flow of this assembled camshaft can be such: and cam bit 102 precision forging (simultaneously carry out flange plate 103 is processed, plug 104 is processed, seamless steel pipe buying) → cam bit 102 processes → and cam bit 102 quenches → camshaft assembling → fine cylindrical → fine grinding cam → final inspection.
Wherein cam bit 102 is assemblied on full automatic assembly machine and carries out, assembly technology: steel pipe annular knurl → press-fit first cam → steel pipe annular knurl → press-fit second cam → steel pipe annular knurl → press-fit N sheet cam → press-fit flange plate 103 → press-fit plug 104 → press-fit phase disk.
The assembled camshaft of this design, its each parts can adopt different materials to make, and make cam bit 102 can adopt new material new technology to process, and make the intensity of whole camshaft higher.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an assembled camshaft, is characterized in that, comprises axis body, cam bit, flange plate and plug; Described cam bit is detachably sheathed on the outside of described axis body, and described flange plate is removably connected to one end of described axis body, and described plug is removably connected to the other end of described axis body.
2. assembled camshaft according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this assembled camshaft also comprises gear, and this gear is detachably sheathed on the outside of described axis body, and this gear is near described flange plate.
3. assembled camshaft according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this assembled camshaft also comprises phase disk, and this phase disk is detachably connected with described axis body.
4. assembled camshaft according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cam bit and described axis body interference fit.
5. assembled camshaft according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cam bit is connected by key with described axis body.
6. assembled camshaft according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described cam bit is connected by flat key with described axis body.
7. assembled camshaft according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described cam bit and described axis body pass through spline joint.
8. assembled camshaft according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described flange plate is connected with described axis body by bolt.
9. assembled camshaft according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cam bit adopts GCr15 forging, and the hardness of this cam bit is greater than 55HRC.
10. assembled camshaft according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described axis body adopts E355 steel pipe to make.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610107292.8A CN105545398A (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2016-02-26 | Combined camshaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610107292.8A CN105545398A (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2016-02-26 | Combined camshaft |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105545398A true CN105545398A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610107292.8A Pending CN105545398A (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2016-02-26 | Combined camshaft |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN105545398A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108442990A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-08-24 | 成都金顶精密铸造有限公司 | A kind of assembled camshaft |
| CN109057905A (en) * | 2018-08-18 | 2018-12-21 | 全椒县全动机械有限公司 | A kind of diesel engine cam and its manufacturing method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995030079A1 (en) * | 1994-04-30 | 1995-11-09 | T & N Technology Limited | Manufacture of camshafts |
| CN2781000Y (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2006-05-17 | 台州华盖机械有限公司 | Camshaft assembly for single-cylinder four-stroke petrol engine |
| CN101042060A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2007-09-26 | 杜江 | General purpose petrol engine cam axle |
| CN103967549A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-08-06 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | One-cylinder multiple-cam combined type cam shaft |
| CN204402601U (en) * | 2014-12-27 | 2015-06-17 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | A kind of camshaft signal disk assembly |
| CN205370668U (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-06 | 重庆金桥机器制造有限责任公司 | Assembled camshaft |
-
2016
- 2016-02-26 CN CN201610107292.8A patent/CN105545398A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995030079A1 (en) * | 1994-04-30 | 1995-11-09 | T & N Technology Limited | Manufacture of camshafts |
| CN2781000Y (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2006-05-17 | 台州华盖机械有限公司 | Camshaft assembly for single-cylinder four-stroke petrol engine |
| CN101042060A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2007-09-26 | 杜江 | General purpose petrol engine cam axle |
| CN103967549A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-08-06 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | One-cylinder multiple-cam combined type cam shaft |
| CN204402601U (en) * | 2014-12-27 | 2015-06-17 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | A kind of camshaft signal disk assembly |
| CN205370668U (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-06 | 重庆金桥机器制造有限责任公司 | Assembled camshaft |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108442990A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-08-24 | 成都金顶精密铸造有限公司 | A kind of assembled camshaft |
| CN108442990B (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2024-02-13 | 成都金顶精密铸造有限公司 | Combined cam shaft |
| CN109057905A (en) * | 2018-08-18 | 2018-12-21 | 全椒县全动机械有限公司 | A kind of diesel engine cam and its manufacturing method |
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Application publication date: 20160504 |
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