CN105542880A - 一种甲醇柴油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种甲醇柴油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105542880A
CN105542880A CN201510991644.6A CN201510991644A CN105542880A CN 105542880 A CN105542880 A CN 105542880A CN 201510991644 A CN201510991644 A CN 201510991644A CN 105542880 A CN105542880 A CN 105542880A
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吴优
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Abstract

本发明的甲醇柴油，由以下重量份数的组份制成：柴油680～730份、甲醇140～160份、二乙醇缩甲醛25～30份、二甲基乙酰胺6～8份、仲醇聚氧乙烯醚10～12份、辛癸酸甘油酯13～15份、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵12～15份、丙二醇甲醚30～50份、醋酸仲丁酯3～4份、椰油胺聚氧乙烯醚12～15份、丙炔醇15～18份、纳米氢氧化镁4～5份。本发明甲醇柴油，均相透明、性能稳定、贮存期长，可广泛用于车辆、锅炉、船舶等。本发明甲醇柴油具有明显的节能环保的优势，和良好的燃烧性能；尤其是本发明甲醇柴油与普通0号柴油相比，缸内最大爆发压力升高，燃烧始点推迟，放热率峰值增加，同时PM排放得到明显改善。

Description

一种甲醇柴油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及燃料油技术领域，特别涉及一种甲醇柴油及其制备方法。
背景技术
柴油车燃料混合气的形成是在发动机燃烧室内进行的，柴油高压喷入燃烧室，压缩着火后进行边喷边燃烧的扩散燃烧方式。这种工作方式，决定了柴油与空气的混合是不均匀的，不可避免地存在局部缺氧或局部富氧情况。油料在高温缺氧时，易炭化形成炭烟。柴油车负荷的调节是通过改变喷油量来控制的。柴油车混合气始终处于比较稀的状态下，也就是说，柴油机的燃烧室内始终存在富余的空气。这些富余的空气在高温作用下容易产生氮氧化物(NOx)，而一氧化碳(CO)和碳氢化合物(HC)则不容易形成。因此，柴油车排放特点是颗粒物和氮氧化物(NOx)排放量多而一氧化碳(CO)和碳氢化合物(HC)排放量少。此外，柴油燃烧后会生成一些有臭味的有机气体，因此，柴油机排放中还有臭味。
甲醇燃料是利用工业甲醇或燃料甲醇，加变性醇添加剂，与现有国标汽柴油(或组分油)，按一定体积(或重量比)经严格科学工艺调配制成的一种新型清洁燃料。可替代汽柴油，用于各种机动车，锅灶炉使用。生产甲醇的原料主要是煤，天然气，煤层气,焦炉气等，特别是利用高硫劣质煤和焦炉气生产甲醇，既可提高资源综合利用又可减少环境污染。发展煤制甲醇燃料，补充和部分替代石油燃料，是缓解我国能源紧张局势,提高资源综合利用，保护生态环境的一条有效捷径。
甲醇柴油由柴油、甲醇、添加剂按照一定的体积或质量比经过严格的流程调配而成的新型环保清洁燃料。清洁甲醇柴油是国标轻柴油中按体积或重量比加入一定比例（15%，50%，90%）的变性燃料甲醇配制而成的一种环保节能燃料。清洁甲醇柴油其外观为接近于柴油的澄清透明液体，粘度、热值等指标均接近柴油，可替代柴油使用于内燃机柴油机车、工业锅炉、灶炉等领域。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有良好的燃烧性能和更低的PM排放的甲醇柴油及其制备方法。
本发明的甲醇柴油，由以下重量份数的组份制成：柴油680～730份、甲醇140～160份、二乙醇缩甲醛25～30份、二甲基乙酰胺6～8份、仲醇聚氧乙烯醚10～12份、辛癸酸甘油酯13～15份、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵12～15份、丙二醇甲醚30～50份、醋酸仲丁酯3～4份、椰油胺聚氧乙烯醚12～15份、丙炔醇15～18份、纳米氢氧化镁4～5份。
作为优化，本发明甲醇柴油，由以下重量份数的组份制成：柴油700份、甲醇150份、二乙醇缩甲醛27份、二甲基乙酰胺7份、仲醇聚氧乙烯醚11份、辛癸酸甘油酯14份、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵13份、丙二醇甲醚40份、醋酸仲丁酯3.4份、椰油胺聚氧乙烯醚13份、丙炔醇16份、纳米氢氧化镁4.5份。
制备本发明甲醇柴油的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
a、依次取所述重量份数的二乙醇缩甲醛、二甲基乙酰胺、仲醇聚氧乙烯醚、辛癸酸甘油酯、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵，在30～35℃条件下，加入搅拌机，搅拌3～5分钟；
b、依次取所述重量份数的丙二醇甲醚、醋酸仲丁酯、椰油胺聚氧乙烯醚、丙炔醇、纳米氢氧化镁，在30～35℃条件下，加入搅拌机，搅拌2～3分钟；然后采用超声波搅拌器，在62～65℃条件下，搅拌60～80分钟；
c、将所述重量份数的甲醇，步骤b中的混合物，一同加入搅拌机，搅拌3～5分钟；然后加入步骤a中的混合物和所述重量份数的柴油，采用超声波搅拌器，在55～60℃条件下，搅拌100～120分钟，冷却即成。
本发明甲醇柴油，均相透明、性能稳定、贮存期长，可广泛用于车辆、锅炉、船舶等。本发明甲醇柴油具有明显的节能环保的优势，和良好的燃烧性能；尤其是本发明甲醇柴油与普通0号柴油相比，缸内最大爆发压力升高，燃烧始点推迟，放热率峰值增加，同时PM排放得到明显改善。
相关实验：试验选用的柴油机为昆明云内动力股份有限公司所生产的4100QBZL增压中柴油机，达到欧Ⅱ排放标准。试验所采用的发动机测试系统由测控系统、缸压传感器、电荷放大器以及排放分析仪等设备组成。由四川诚邦科技股份有限公司生产的ET2000测控系统控制柴油机的运转和参数变化。使用型号为Kistler6125B缸压传感器和4618A2电荷放大器来获取缸内燃烧压力。通过奥地利AVL公司的DICOM4000排放分析仪测量常规排放物。在2400r/min-100Nm负荷下实验结果见表1。
具体实施方式
下面给出的实施例拟对本发明作进一步说明，但不能理解为是对本发明保护范围的限制，本领域技术人员根据本发明内容对本发明的一些非本质的改进和调整，仍属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1：a、依次取二乙醇缩甲醛27千克、二甲基乙酰胺7千克、仲醇聚氧乙烯醚（S-50）11千克、辛癸酸甘油酯14千克、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵13千克，在30～35℃条件下，加入合肥晟圆SYFS4.0-22高速分散机，搅拌3～5分钟；
b、依次取丙二醇甲醚40千克、醋酸仲丁酯3.4千克、椰油胺聚氧乙烯醚（AC-1203）13千克、丙炔醇16千克、平均粒径20nm的纳米氢氧化镁4.5千克，在30～35℃条件下，加入合肥晟圆SYFS4.0-22高速分散机，搅拌2～3分钟；然后采用杭州成功超声设备有限公司YPS57超声波搅拌器，在62～65℃条件下，搅拌60～80分钟；
c、将甲醇150千克，步骤b中的混合物，一同加入合肥晟圆SYFS4.0-22高速分散机，搅拌3～5分钟；然后加入步骤a中的混合物和0号柴油700千克，采用杭州成功超声设备有限公司YPS57超声波搅拌器，在55～60℃条件下，搅拌100～120分钟，冷却即成。
实施例2：a、依次取二乙醇缩甲醛25千克、二甲基乙酰胺6千克、仲醇聚氧乙烯醚（S-50）10千克、辛癸酸甘油酯13千克、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵12千克，在30～35℃条件下，加入SYFS4.0-22高速分散机，搅拌3～5分钟；
b、依次取丙二醇甲醚30千克、醋酸仲丁酯3千克、椰油胺聚氧乙烯醚（AC-1203）12千克、丙炔醇15千克、平均粒径20nm的纳米氢氧化镁4千克，在30～35℃条件下，加入SYFS4.0-22高速分散机，搅拌2～3分钟；然后采用YPS57超声波搅拌器，在62～65℃条件下，搅拌60～80分钟；
c、将甲醇140千克，步骤b中的混合物，一同加入SYFS4.0-22高速分散机，搅拌3～5分钟；然后加入步骤a中的混合物和0号柴油680千克，采用YPS57超声波搅拌器，在55～60℃条件下，搅拌100～120分钟，冷却即成。
实施例3：a、依次取二乙醇缩甲醛30千克、二甲基乙酰胺8千克、仲醇聚氧乙烯醚（S-50）12千克、辛癸酸甘油酯15千克、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵15千克，在30～35℃条件下，加入SYFS4.0-22高速分散机，搅拌3～5分钟；
b、依次取丙二醇甲醚50千克、醋酸仲丁酯4千克、椰油胺聚氧乙烯醚（AC-1203）15千克、丙炔醇18千克、平均粒径20nm的纳米氢氧化镁5千克，在30～35℃条件下，加入SYFS4.0-22高速分散机，搅拌2～3分钟；然后采用YPS57超声波搅拌器，在62～65℃条件下，搅拌60～80分钟；
c、将甲醇160千克，步骤b中的混合物，一同加入SYFS4.0-22高速分散机，搅拌3～5分钟；然后加入步骤a中的混合物和0号柴油730千克，采用YPS57超声波搅拌器，在55～60℃条件下，搅拌100～120分钟，冷却即成。

Claims (3)

1.一种甲醇柴油及其制备方法，其特征在于由以下重量份数的组份制成：柴油680～730份、甲醇140～160份、二乙醇缩甲醛25～30份、二甲基乙酰胺6～8份、仲醇聚氧乙烯醚10～12份、辛癸酸甘油酯13～15份、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵12～15份、丙二醇甲醚30～50份、醋酸仲丁酯3～4份、椰油胺聚氧乙烯醚12～15份、丙炔醇15～18份、纳米氢氧化镁4～5份。
2.根据权利要求2所述的甲醇柴油，其特征在于由以下重量份数的组份制成：柴油700份、甲醇150份、二乙醇缩甲醛27份、二甲基乙酰胺7份、仲醇聚氧乙烯醚11份、辛癸酸甘油酯14份、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵13份、丙二醇甲醚40份、醋酸仲丁酯3.4份、椰油胺聚氧乙烯醚13份、丙炔醇16份、纳米氢氧化镁4.5份。
3.一种制备以上任一项权利要求所述甲醇柴油的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
a、依次取所述重量份数的二乙醇缩甲醛、二甲基乙酰胺、仲醇聚氧乙烯醚、辛癸酸甘油酯、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵，在30～35℃条件下，加入搅拌机，搅拌3～5分钟；
b、依次取所述重量份数的丙二醇甲醚、醋酸仲丁酯、椰油胺聚氧乙烯醚、丙炔醇、纳米氢氧化镁，在30～35℃条件下，加入搅拌机，搅拌2～3分钟；然后采用超声波搅拌器，在62～65℃条件下，搅拌60～80分钟；
c、将所述重量份数的甲醇，步骤b中的混合物，一同加入搅拌机，搅拌3～5分钟；然后加入步骤a中的混合物和所述重量份数的柴油，采用超声波搅拌器，在55～60℃条件下，搅拌100～120分钟，冷却即成。
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CN104357101A (zh) * 2014-11-06 2015-02-18 金景达(北京)环保动力科技有限公司 一种高效稳定生物柴油复合燃料
CN104818056A (zh) * 2015-04-28 2015-08-05 中源新能源(福建)有限公司 一种高清洁车用甲醇柴油及其制备方法

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CN104818056A (zh) * 2015-04-28 2015-08-05 中源新能源(福建)有限公司 一种高清洁车用甲醇柴油及其制备方法

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