CN105540625B - Method for preparing anhydrous magnesium carbonate through magnesium-containing mother solution - Google Patents

Method for preparing anhydrous magnesium carbonate through magnesium-containing mother solution Download PDF

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CN105540625B
CN105540625B CN201610045332.0A CN201610045332A CN105540625B CN 105540625 B CN105540625 B CN 105540625B CN 201610045332 A CN201610045332 A CN 201610045332A CN 105540625 B CN105540625 B CN 105540625B
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magnesium
anhydrous magnesium
magnesium carbonate
mother liquid
containing mother
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CN105540625A (en
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高文远
谢超
冯文平
蒋世鹏
汤建良
宁晚云
郑贤福
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China Bluestar Chonfar Engineering and Technology Co Ltd
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China Bluestar Changsha Design and Research Institute
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01FCOMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F5/00Compounds of magnesium
    • C01F5/24Magnesium carbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01CAMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/16Halides of ammonium
    • C01C1/164Ammonium chloride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01CAMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/18Nitrates of ammonium
    • C01C1/185Preparation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01CAMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/24Sulfates of ammonium

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
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Abstract

A method for preparing anhydrous magnesium carbonate through a magnesium-containing mother solution includes the following steps of firstly, adjusting the pH value, wherein ammonia gas is introduced into the magnesium-containing mother solution till the pH value is 10.0-12.0 to obtain Mg(OH)2 slurry; secondly, conducting CO2 carbonizing, wherein CO2 is introduced till the pH value is 7.5-8.0 to obtain a carbonized mother solution; thirdly, conducting pyrolysis separation, wherein the carbonized mother solution is heated and decomposed to separate solid and liquid and obtain MgCO3.3H2O solid salt and a pyrolysis separation mother solution; fourthly, conducting calcining, wherein MgCO3.3H2O is calcined to obtain anhydrous magnesium carbonate. Calcining is further conducted to obtain magnesium oxide. The MgCO3.3H2O obtained through pyrolysis separation is large in granularity, the filter separation performance is good, the carrying amount of the mother solution is small, the MgO content reaches up to 47.3%, and the total yield of magnesium ions reaches up to 92.8%; the purity of the MgO product is high, and inorganic ammonium salt type by-products can be co-produced; the method is simple in process, beneficial to industrial production, low in cost, green and environmentally friendly.

Description

A kind of method with anhydrous magnesium carbonate is produced containing mother liquid of magnesium
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for producing anhydrous magnesium carbonate, and in particular to one kind produces Carbon Dioxide with containing mother liquid of magnesium The method of magnesium.
Background technology
Magnesium is that one kind participates in organism normal activities and the requisite alkali earth metal of metabolic processes, It is important basic material in chemical industry, aviation and nuclear industry, is described as " the green engineering of 21 century most development and application potentiality Material ", is important strategic metal material, and in the earth's crust, content ranked eighth.China is enriched the most as magnesium resource in the world One of country, gross reserves accounts for the world 22.5%, and the Asian-Pacific area or even global topmost demand pull person.With aviation, The fast development of the industry such as aerospace industry and electronics, information, magnesium and its alloy are become with its good metallic character most to be developed With the green engineering material of application potential.And magnesium carbonate and magnesium oxide are used as two kinds of important inorganic high functional materials, Shi Bishou To the stimulation and fast development of global magnesium industry situation, market prospect is very wide.
Magnesium carries out ore deposit in China essentially from sea water, natural salt lake saline, dolomite, magnesite, shepardite and olivine etc. While producing development of resources, substantial amounts of high magnesium salt lake bittern, magnesium-containing ore leaching mother solution and polyhalite leaching mother solution etc. are produced, is Extract the fabulous raw material of industry of magnesium salt product.In these mother solutions, content of magnesium extremely enriches, and is much all difficult to effective digestibility and utilization, makes Into the serious waste of resource.Existing research experience is all often that magnesium hydroxide, or Jing again are obtained by way of alkaline chemical precipitation High-temperature calcination obtains magnesium oxide etc., and magnesium hydroxide as a kind of colloidal precipitation, and particle diameter mostly is nanoscale, it is extremely difficult to filter, and is mesh The still unsolved worldwide technological puzzle of front chemical circles.Therefore, how using the preparation research that magnesium products are carried out containing mother liquid of magnesium, and Solving the through engineering approaches difficult problems such as filtration difficulty becomes the magnificent mission put in face of salt chemical engineering worker.
In recent years, document report is many using the research that magnesium products are produced containing mother liquid of magnesium, such as CN101698490A, CN102849761A, CN103803607A, CN104261442A etc. are individually disclosed using magnesium salt solution and ammonia, liquefied ammonia or mixed Close the technology that magnesium hydroxide is extracted in the mixed precipitation such as alkali, but products obtained therefrom to show particle diameter little, be difficult to filter, implement industrialization difficult Degree is big;CN10170641A discloses a kind of technique that magnesium is reclaimed from Adlerika, also with ammonia precipitation process and CO2Carbon Change mode reclaims magnesium, but Xu Liang Walk alkalization, complex technical process, using calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide causticization, introduce other from Son, increased follow-up separation process;One step precipitated magnesium hydroxide of ammonia is with the difficult problem of the filtration of thermal decomposition product basic magnesium carbonate also Still exist;CN102653408A adopts higher temperature(80~105 DEG C)Pyrolysis obtain basic magnesium carbonate, also not fundamentally Solve to filter difficult industrial problem;CN1059407C is also adopted by higher temperature(80~100 DEG C)Pyrolysis directly obtain magnesium carbonate Precipitation, but, magnesium carbonate is a kind of inorganic salt for easily hydrolyzing, and the relatively low Mg of dissolubility is more likely formed in aqueous environment (OH)2Precipitation, it is extremely difficult to filter;Although CN101760642A is changed on the basis of CN10170641A respectively with CN101760643A Enter reduction vaporization technique and ammonia reclaiming process, reduced energy consumption, enriched product category, decrease problem of environmental pollution, But basic solution is not proposed in terms of precipitated product strainability improvement.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is the drawbacks described above for overcoming prior art to exist, there is provided a kind of technique letter The method that the use that list, mild condition, product are easily filtered produces anhydrous magnesium carbonate containing mother liquid of magnesium.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is as follows:One kind produces anhydrous magnesium carbonate with containing mother liquid of magnesium Method, comprise the following steps:
(1)Adjust pH value:During ammonia is passed through containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is 10.0~12.0 to pH value, obtains Mg (OH)2Slip;
(2)CO2Carbonization:By CO2It is passed through step(1)Gained Mg (OH)2Room temperature carburizing reagent is carried out in slip, to pH value is 7.5~8.0, obtain carbonization mother liquor;
(3)Pyrolysis is separated:By step(2)Gained carbonization mother liquor carries out heat resolve, and solid-liquid separation obtains MgCO3·3H2O is solid Body salt and pyrolysis separate mother solution;
(4)Calcining:By step(3)Gained MgCO3·3H2O is calcined, and obtains anhydrous magnesium carbonate.
Further, step(1)In, it is described containing Mg in mother liquid of magnesium2+Mass concentration be 0.8~9.0wt%(It is preferred that 0.9~ 8.0wt%).Described is salt lake bittern, polyhalite leaching mother solution or magnesium-containing ore leaching mother solution etc. containing mother liquid of magnesium.
Further, step(1)In, the speed that the ammonia is passed through be 20~30L/L solution h, the volumetric concentration of ammonia ≥90%.Ammonia basicity adjusts pH value with which than relatively low, is unlikely to as strong base reagent, make solution ph change too fast, limits The speed that ammonia is passed through can further control response speed, allow solution ph slowly to raise, and be unlikely to because solution ph is uprushed And cause precipitated particle size uneven;It is 10.0~12.0 that ammonia is passed through to pH value, is in order that containing the Mg in mother liquid of magnesium2+Completely with Mg(OH)2Form precipitates, and increases emulsion saturation, so as to provide preferable raw material for carbonisation, it is easy to promote Mg (OH)2Colloid is to CO2Absorption ensureing the complete of carburizing reagent.
Further, step(2)In, the CO2The pressure being passed through is 0.1~0.5Mpa, and the speed being passed through is 0.5~5.0 L/L solution h, CO2Volumetric concentration >=80%.In carbonisation, CO2Pressure and consumption it is the most key, it is with pressure be passed through be for The preferable extent of reaction of guarantee and degree, control preferable CO2Consumption not only can be realized making Mg (OH) more difficult to filter2Glue Body is completely converted into readily soluble Mg (HCO3)2, and economize in raw materials, when solution ph is 7.5~8.0, Mg (OH)2Colloid base This carbonization is complete, in this, as the Rule of judgment of carbonization terminal.
Further, step(2)In, the room temperature is 20~30 DEG C.
Further, step(3)In, the temperature of the heat resolve is 80 DEG C of 30~<, and the time is 10~60min.Using The middle warm solution separating technology of mild condition, can effective control Mg (HCO3)2It is pyrolyzed as MgCO3·3H2The extent of reaction of O, obtains Particle diameter is big, the MgCO that crystal type is good3·3H2O is precipitated, if temperature Tai Gaoyi forms basic magnesium carbonate crystallization, can affect precipitation Strainability, affects pyrolysis effect if temperature is too low, under the combination of the temperature and time condition, can just obtain bigger receipts Rate, the precipitated product of more excellent strainability.
Further, step(3)In, the temperature of the heat resolve is 35~75 DEG C, and the time is 20~50min.
Further, step(4)In, the temperature of the calcining is 200~300 DEG C(It is preferred that 250~290 DEG C), the time is 30 ~120min(It is preferred that 40~80min).Inventor is considered based on energy consumption and gained calcined product purity, select it is described compared with Excellent calcine technology condition, gained magnesium carbonate product purity are high.
Further, by step(4)Gained anhydrous magnesium carbonate is at 450~600 DEG C(It is preferred that 480~550 DEG C)Under, calcining 20~ 120min(It is preferred that 25~80min), obtain magnesium oxide.Inventor is considered based on energy consumption and gained calcined product purity, is selected The preferably calcine technology condition is selected, gained magnesium oxide product purity is high.
Further, by step(3)Gained pyrolysis separates mother solution and reclaims inorganic ammonium salt etc. by forced evaporation crystallization processes.Institute It is the inorganic ammonium salt solution after magnesium sinking to state pyrolysis and separate mother solution, can be by evaporative crystallization side product sodium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate etc. Inorganic ammonium salt, improves the utilization rate of ammonia, increased product category.
The inventive method realizes the form transformation of magnesium by adjusting solution acid alkalinity, there is provided good carbonized stock; By using relatively low pyrolysis temperature(80 DEG C of 30~<), the effective control generation of degree of pyrolysis and hydrolysis, it is to avoid raw Into precipitation Mg (OH) more difficult to filter2Or basic magnesium carbonate, obtain the relatively stable magnesium carbonate trihydrate of property under medium temperature condition and produce Thing, solves and filters difficult industrial problem, obtained the anhydrous magnesium carbonate and magnesium oxide product of higher quality, by-product Inorganic Ammonium Salt etc., its advantage is specific as follows:
(1)According to thermal decomposition product MgCO obtained by present invention process3·3H2O particle diameters are big, and it is good to be separated by filtration performance, mother solution entrainment Amount is little, gained MgCO after calcining3Product purity is high, and content of MgO may be up to 47.3%, and magnesium ion total recovery may be up to 92.8%, MgO Product purity may be up to 94.5%;
(2)Present invention process is realizing MgCO3, MgO high-purities produce while, can also coproduction Inorganic Ammonium salt by-product Product, wherein, inorganic ammonium salt yield may be up to 88.2%, high financial profit;
(3)Present invention process flow process is simple, and equipment needed thereby is simple, easy to operate, it is easy to industrialized production, ammonia used, CO2 It is easy to get Deng raw material, and ammonia can be recycled by side-product, process costs is low, environmental protection, three-waste free discharge.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
The chemical reagent used by the embodiment of the present invention, if no special instructions, is obtained by routine business approach.
Embodiment 1
(1)Adjust pH value:The ammonia of volumetric concentration 95% is passed through into 1000g with the speed of 25L/L solution h(Volume 750mL)The salt lake bittern of magnesium sulfate containing mother liquid of magnesium(Mg2+Mass concentration be 6.5wt%)In, to mother solution pH=10.56, obtain 765mL Mg(OH)2Slip;
(2)CO2Carbonization:By the CO of volumetric concentration 85%2Step is passed through with the speed of the pressure of 0.1Mpa and 2.8L/L solution h Suddenly(1)Gained 765mL Mg (OH)2In slip, room temperature carburizing reagent is carried out at 20 DEG C, to pH value be 7.5 when terminating reaction, Obtain carbonization mother liquor;
(3)Pyrolysis is separated:By step(2)At 40 DEG C, heat resolve 50min, solid-liquid separation are obtained gained carbonization mother liquor MgCO3·3H2O solid salts and pyrolysis separate mother solution;
(4)Calcining:By step(3)Gained MgCO3·3H2O at 250 DEG C calcines 50min, obtains 211.6g anhydrous magnesium carbonates Product.
Gained anhydrous magnesium carbonate product purity is high, and content of MgO is 46.5%, and magnesium ion total recovery is 91.3%.
By step(4)Gained magnesium carbonate calcines 45min at 480 DEG C, and the purity for obtaining magnesium oxide is 93.2%.
By step(3)Gained pyrolysis separates the crystallization of mother solution Jing forced evaporations, obtains ammonium sulfate, and yield is 75.8%.
Embodiment 2
(1)Adjust pH value:The ammonia of volumetric concentration 90% is passed through into 2000g with the speed of 28L/L solution h(Volume 1900mL)Polyhalite containing mother liquid of magnesium leaching mother solution(Mg2+Mass concentration be 0.95wt%)In, to mother solution pH=11.4, obtain 1955mL Mg(OH)2Slip;
(2)CO2Carbonization:By the CO of volumetric concentration 95%2Step is passed through with the speed of the pressure of 0.5Mpa and 4.5L/L solution h Suddenly(1)Gained 1955mL Mg (OH)2In slip, room temperature carburizing reagent is carried out at 30 DEG C, to pH value be 8.0 when terminating reaction, Obtain carbonization mother liquor;
(3)Pyrolysis is separated:By step(2)At 70 DEG C, heat resolve 30min, solid-liquid separation are obtained gained carbonization mother liquor MgCO3·3H2O solid salts and pyrolysis separate mother solution;
(4)Calcining:By step(3)Gained MgCO3·3H2O at 290 DEG C calcines 40min, obtains 63.1g anhydrous magnesium carbonates Product.
Gained anhydrous magnesium carbonate product purity is high, and content of MgO is 46.3%, and magnesium ion total recovery is 92.7%.
By step(4)Gained magnesium carbonate calcines 60min at 520 DEG C, and the purity for obtaining magnesium oxide is 94.5wt%.
By step(3)Gained pyrolysis separates the crystallization of mother solution Jing forced evaporations, obtains ammonium sulfate, and yield is 87.6%.
Embodiment 3
(1)Adjust pH value:The ammonia of volumetric concentration 98% is passed through into 1500g with the speed of 20L/L solution h(Volume 1300mL)The nitrate leaching mother solution of magnesite containing mother liquid of magnesium(Mg2+Mass concentration be 2.8wt%)In, to mother solution pH=11.8, obtain 1335mL Mg(OH)2Slip;
(2)CO2Carbonization:By the CO of volumetric concentration 90%2Step is passed through with the speed of the pressure of 0.3Mpa and 0.7L/L solution h Suddenly(1)Gained 1335mL Mg (OH)2In slip, room temperature carburizing reagent is carried out at 25 DEG C, to pH value be 7.8 when terminating reaction, Obtain carbonization mother liquor;
(3)Pyrolysis is separated:By step(2)At 60 DEG C, heat resolve 60min, solid-liquid separation are obtained gained carbonization mother liquor MgCO3·3H2O solid salts and pyrolysis separate mother solution;
(4)Calcining:By step(3)Gained MgCO3·3H2O at 260 DEG C calcines 60min, obtains 138.5g anhydrous magnesium carbonates Product.
Gained anhydrous magnesium carbonate product purity is high, and content of MgO is 45.4%, and magnesium ion total recovery is 90.3%.
By step(4)Gained magnesium carbonate calcines 30min at 550 DEG C, and the purity for obtaining magnesium oxide is 92.6wt%.
By step(3)Gained pyrolysis separates the crystallization of mother solution Jing forced evaporations, obtains ammonium nitrate, and yield is 85.1%.
Embodiment 4
(1)Adjust pH value:The ammonia of volumetric concentration 99% is passed through into 1000g with the speed of 24L/L solution h(Volume 780mL)The salt lake bittern of chloride type containing mother liquid of magnesium(Mg2+Mass concentration be 7.8wt%)In, to mother solution pH=10.85, obtain 800mL Mg(OH)2Slip;
(2)CO2Carbonization:By the CO of volumetric concentration 98%2Step is passed through with the speed of the pressure 3.6L/L solution h of 0.2Mpa (1)Gained 800mL Mg (OH)2In slip, room temperature carburizing reagent is carried out at 25 DEG C, to pH value be 7.7 when terminating reaction, obtain Carbonization mother liquor;
(3)Pyrolysis is separated:By step(2)At 75 DEG C, heat resolve 30min, solid-liquid separation are obtained gained carbonization mother liquor MgCO3·3H2O solid salts and pyrolysis separate mother solution;
(4)Calcining:By step(3)Gained MgCO3·3H2O at 290 DEG C calcines 45min, obtains 247.2g anhydrous magnesium carbonates Product.
Gained anhydrous magnesium carbonate product purity is high, and content of MgO is 47.3%, and magnesium ion total recovery is 90.4%.
By step(4)Gained magnesium carbonate calcines 25min at 540 DEG C, and the purity for obtaining magnesium oxide is 91.5wt%.
By step(3)Gained pyrolysis separates the crystallization of mother solution Jing forced evaporations, obtains ammonium chloride, and yield is 88.2%.

Claims (17)

1. a kind of method with anhydrous magnesium carbonate is produced containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1)Adjust pH value:During ammonia is passed through containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is 10.0~12.0 to pH value, obtains Mg (OH)2Slip;The ammonia The speed being passed through is 20~30L/(L solution h), volumetric concentration >=90% of ammonia;
(2)CO2Carbonization:By CO2It is passed through step(1)Gained Mg (OH)2Room temperature carburizing reagent is carried out in slip, to pH value be 7.5~ 8.0, obtain carbonization mother liquor;The CO2The pressure being passed through is 0.1~0.5MPa, and the speed being passed through is 0.5~5.0 L/(L solution h), CO2Volumetric concentration >=80%;
(3)Pyrolysis is separated:By step(2)Gained carbonization mother liquor carries out heat resolve, and solid-liquid separation obtains MgCO3·3H2O solid salts Mother solution is separated with pyrolysis;The temperature of the heat resolve is 35~75 DEG C, and the time is 10~60min;
(4)Calcining:By step(3)Gained MgCO3·3H2O is calcined, and obtains anhydrous magnesium carbonate.
2. according to claim 1 with the method for producing anhydrous magnesium carbonate containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is characterised in that:Step(1)In, institute State containing Mg in mother liquid of magnesium2+Mass concentration be 0.8~9.0wt%.
3. the method with anhydrous magnesium carbonate is produced containing mother liquid of magnesium according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that:Step(2) In, the room temperature is 20~30 DEG C.
4. the method with anhydrous magnesium carbonate is produced containing mother liquid of magnesium according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that:Step(3) In, the temperature of the heat resolve is 35~75 DEG C, and the time is 20~50min.
5. according to claim 3 with the method for producing anhydrous magnesium carbonate containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is characterised in that:Step(3)In, institute The temperature for stating heat resolve is 35~75 DEG C, and the time is 20~50min.
6. the method with anhydrous magnesium carbonate is produced containing mother liquid of magnesium according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that:Step(4) In, the temperature of the calcining is 200~300 DEG C, and the time is 30~120min.
7. according to claim 3 with the method for producing anhydrous magnesium carbonate containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is characterised in that:Step(4)In, institute The temperature for stating calcining is 200~300 DEG C, and the time is 30~120min.
8. according to claim 4 with the method for producing anhydrous magnesium carbonate containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is characterised in that:Step(4)In, institute The temperature for stating calcining is 200~300 DEG C, and the time is 30~120min.
9. the method with anhydrous magnesium carbonate is produced containing mother liquid of magnesium according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that:By step(4) Gained anhydrous magnesium carbonate at 450~600 DEG C is calcined 20~120min, obtains magnesium oxide.
10. according to claim 3 with the method for producing anhydrous magnesium carbonate containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is characterised in that:By step(4)Institute Anhydrous magnesium carbonate is obtained at 450~600 DEG C, 20~120min is calcined, is obtained magnesium oxide.
11. according to claim 4 with the method for producing anhydrous magnesium carbonate containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is characterised in that:By step(4)Institute Anhydrous magnesium carbonate is obtained at 450~600 DEG C, 20~120min is calcined, is obtained magnesium oxide.
12. according to claim 6 with the method for producing anhydrous magnesium carbonate containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is characterised in that:By step(4)Institute Anhydrous magnesium carbonate is obtained at 450~600 DEG C, 20~120min is calcined, is obtained magnesium oxide.
13. methods with anhydrous magnesium carbonate is produced containing mother liquid of magnesium according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that:By step (3)Gained pyrolysis separates mother solution and reclaims inorganic ammonium salt by forced evaporation crystallization processes.
14. according to claim 3 with the method for producing anhydrous magnesium carbonate containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is characterised in that:By step(3)Institute Separation mother solution must be pyrolyzed inorganic ammonium salt is reclaimed by forced evaporation crystallization processes.
15. according to claim 4 with the method for producing anhydrous magnesium carbonate containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is characterised in that:By step(3)Institute Separation mother solution must be pyrolyzed inorganic ammonium salt is reclaimed by forced evaporation crystallization processes.
16. according to claim 6 with the method for producing anhydrous magnesium carbonate containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is characterised in that:By step(3)Institute Separation mother solution must be pyrolyzed inorganic ammonium salt is reclaimed by forced evaporation crystallization processes.
17. according to claim 9 with the method for producing anhydrous magnesium carbonate containing mother liquid of magnesium, it is characterised in that:By step(3)Institute Separation mother solution must be pyrolyzed inorganic ammonium salt is reclaimed by forced evaporation crystallization processes.
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