CN105537593B - A kind of production technology of valve retainer - Google Patents

A kind of production technology of valve retainer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105537593B
CN105537593B CN201610024638.8A CN201610024638A CN105537593B CN 105537593 B CN105537593 B CN 105537593B CN 201610024638 A CN201610024638 A CN 201610024638A CN 105537593 B CN105537593 B CN 105537593B
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valve retainer
valve
production technology
powder
section
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CN105537593A (en
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郑玉平
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WENLING HENGFENG POWDER METALLURGY Co Ltd
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WENLING HENGFENG POWDER METALLURGY Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/16Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/26Impregnating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/008Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of engine cylinder parts or of piston parts other than piston rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/10Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
    • C22C38/105Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt containing Co and Ni
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of production technology of valve retainer, belong to engine manufacturing technology field.It solves available engine valve retainer quality and is not sufficiently stable, the technical problem such as percent defective height.This production technology comprises the following steps:A, batch mixing:Powder is made in metal including Fe, Cr, Mn, Co and Ni and is mixed into powder stock;B, shape:Above-mentioned powder stock is made by valve retainer shape by mould;C, sinter:It is sintered being placed on by the compressing valve retainers of step b in sintering furnace;D, immersion oil;E, machine;F, the steps such as oil are boiled.Powder metallurgically manufacturing valve retainer is used in the present invention, the hardness of valve retainer is enabled to reach HRB80 HRB105, and be not in have the defects of stomata, sand holes, crackle, alloying component segregation is reduced to greatest extent, eliminates thick, uneven cast sturcture.

Description

A kind of production technology of valve retainer
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant equipment manufacturing technology field, is related to a kind of manufacturing process of engine, particularly sends out The production technology of valve retainer in motivation.
Background technology
The effect of engine valve is to be responsible for the input air into engine specially and discharge the waste gas after burning.From starting In machine structure, it is divided into inlet valve and exhaust valve, the effect of inlet valve is drawn air into engine, with fuel mixed combustion; The effect of exhaust valve is that the waste gas after burning is discharged and radiated.The opening and closing of usual valve is to drive head portion that by valve stem Do linear reciprocating motion to realize, engine cylinder is covered provided with valve retainer, passes through the cooperation of head portion that and valve retainer Realize the closure of valve, the frequent opening and closing of valve so that valve retainer will bear the shock loading of extremely high frequency, while also hold By in-engine high temperature (570~670K of inlet valve, 1050~1200K of exhaust valve), pressure, the gas of gas are still suffered from addition The active force and transmission component inertia force of door spring, it is poor plus its lubrication, cooling condition, therefore damage is very easy to, in order to carry The service life of high engine, the requirement to valve retainer is also very high, to have higher intensity, rigidity, heat-resisting and wearability Can, its processing cost is also higher.
China's patent (notification number:CN104480401A;The day for announcing:2015-04-01) disclose a kind of heat-resisting valve retainer Manufacture method, its procedure of processing is:(1), the preparation of valve retainer material;(2), the casting of valve retainer;(3), valve seating The pre-heat treatment of circle;(4), the finishing of valve retainer;(5) casting, is heated to 850-920 DEG C, 2-4h is incubated, using wind It is cold, it is quickly cooled down;(6), by by step (5) processing after valve retainer be heated to 700-720 DEG C, 250 DEG C etc. Isothermal is carried out in thermohaline bath, time 1-1.5h, then air cooling;(7), will be slow by the valve retainer after step (6) processing 500-520 DEG C is heated to, after being incubated enough long-times, air cooling of coming out of the stove.
Valve retainer in above-mentioned patent uses casting, and process is more, it is more to feed intake in its technical process, and is not easy Control, the quality of casting are not sufficiently stable, and percent defective is of a relatively high, and the valve retainer of casting is also possible that stomata, scab, folder The defects of sand, sand holes.
The content of the invention
The present invention be directed to above mentioned problem existing for existing technology, there is provided a kind of production technology of valve retainer.This The technical problems to be solved by the invention are:How to reduce valve retainer production cost while improve valve retainer production efficiency and matter Amount.
The purpose of the present invention can be realized by following technical proposal:
A kind of production technology of valve retainer, it is characterised in that this production technology comprises the following steps:
A, batch mixing:Powder is made in metal including Fe, Cr, Mn, Co and Ni and is mixed into powder stock;
B, shape:Above-mentioned powder stock is made by valve retainer shape by mould, reaches its density using high pressure compacting To 7.0g/cm3-7.1g/cm3
C, sinter:It is sintered being placed on by the compressing valve retainers of step b in sintering furnace, reaches its hardness To HRB80-HRB100, blank is formed;
D, immersion oil:Immersion oil processing is carried out after blank cooling;
E, machine:Above-mentioned blank is placed in machining apparatus to enter rounding of driving a vehicle, two-sided mill, centreless grinding successively thick Mill, vibration, centreless grinding fine grinding;
F, oil is boiled:Valve retainer is carried out to boil oil processing.
Its operation principle is as follows:Using powder metallurgical technique manufacture valve retainer in the technical program, by multiple components Its fusion is set to harden into blank through oversintering after powder stock is compressing, by removing blank after being machined out in step e Net burr sharp edge, then be packaged into after over-cooking oil processing as valve retainer finished product;Powder metallurgy is used in the technical program Manufacture valve retainer enables the hardness of valve retainer to reach HRB80-HRB105, and is not in have stomata, sand holes, split The defects of line, alloying component segregation is reduced to greatest extent, eliminate thick, uneven cast sturcture;Net formed is realized simultaneously And automatic batch production, resource and the energy resource consumption of production are effectively reduced, improves production efficiency, reduces and wastes, reduces life Produce cost.
The powder metallurgy sintered product cleaned up is put into machine oil in the technical program and soaked.Capillary of the oil in product Under the effect of pipe power, it is immersed in the hole of product, the corrosion resistance of increase valve retainer is handled by immersion oil, improves wearability, Extend its service life;Valve retainer flatness and smoothness are ensured by the finishing in machining, so as to effectively improve hair The sealing of motivation valve.Effectively prevent valve retainer from cracking by the heat treatment mode for boiling oil.
After this valve retainer is separately made, then it is mounted to engine cylinder and covers, especially suitable for is used in diesel engine.
In the production technology of above-mentioned valve retainer, in stepb, using the forming pressure of 11T-13T sizes.It is preferred that For 12T, suppressed by this pressure it is even closer between powder stock, with higher intensity, rigidity, heat-resisting after sintering And anti-wear performance.
In the production technology of above-mentioned valve retainer, in stepb, compressing valve retainer is annular in shape.Valve The external diameter of seat ring is 27.150 +0.05Mm, internal diameter are 22 ± 0.05mm.
In the production technology of above-mentioned valve retainer, in step c, by valve retainer compressing step b according to It is secondary to pass through pre-burning section, high temperature section and cooling section three phases, it is filled with nitrogen, pre-burning section in pre-burning section, high temperature section and cooling section Nitrogen flow is 3m3/h-5m3/ h, high temperature section nitrogen flow are 18m3/h-20m3/ h, cooling section nitrogen flow are 5m3/h-6m3/ h.Valve retainer is prevented to be oxidized in sintering process by being filled with inert nitrogen gas, so as to improve the quality of valve retainer.
In the production technology of above-mentioned valve retainer, in step c, exist by the compressing valve retainers of step b Pre-burning section and high temperature section are sintered by six regions altogether, and the temperature in six regions is followed successively by from front to back:600 ± 10 DEG C, 750 ± 10 DEG C, 850 ± 10 DEG C, 1120 ± 10 DEG C, 1120 ± 10 DEG C, 1120 ± 10 DEG C.
In the production technology of above-mentioned valve retainer, the powder stock element composition and mass percent are Fe: 89.1%~93.6%, Cr:2%~3%, Mn:0.3%~0.8%, Co:2%~5%, Ni:0.8%~1.2%, C: 0.8%~1.4%.Using Fe elements as matrix in this valve retainer, wherein Cr, Ni and Co spread to matrix, improve matrix Heat resistance, and the bond strength of hard particles and matrix, this is hit ability and wear resistence right and wrong to improving valve retainer It is often important and beneficial.
Compared with prior art, the hardness of valve retainer is enabled using powder metallurgically manufacturing valve retainer in the present invention Reach HRB80-HRB105, and be not in have the defects of stomata, sand holes, crackle, it is inclined to reduce alloying component to greatest extent It is poly-, eliminate thick, uneven cast sturcture;Net formation and automatic batch production are realized simultaneously, are effectively reduced production Resource and energy resource consumption, production efficiency is improved, reduce and waste, reduce production cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of this production technology.
Fig. 2 is the dimensional structure diagram of valve retainer.
Embodiment
It is the specific embodiment of the present invention and with reference to accompanying drawing below, technical scheme is further described, But the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment one
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, individually made using powder metallurgical technique manufacture valve retainer, valve retainer in the present embodiment Cheng Hou, then be mounted to engine cylinder and cover, especially suitable for being used in diesel engine.This production technology comprises the following steps:
A, batch mixing:Powder is made in metal including Fe, Cr, Mn, Co and Ni and is mixed into powder stock;It is specific next Say, powder stock element composition and mass percent are Fe:89.1%~93.6%, Cr:2%~3%, Mn:0.3%~ 0.8%, Co:2%~5%, Ni:0.8%~1.2%, C:0.8%~1.4%.Preferably, its ratio is:Fe:91%, Cr:2.6%, Mn:0.4%, Co:4%, Ni:1.1%, C:0.9%;
B, shape:Above-mentioned powder stock is made by valve retainer shape by mould, valve retainer is made using high pressure compacting The powder stock density of shape reaches 7.0g/cm3-7.1g/cm3In the range of any value;Specifically, used in the present embodiment High pressure compacting makes its density reach 7.0g/cm3, or its density is reached 7.1g/cm using high pressure compacting in the present embodiment3, or Its density is set to reach 7.05g/cm using high pressure compacting in person's the present embodiment3;Compressing valve retainer is annular in shape, its external diameter For 27.150 +0.05Mm, internal diameter are 22 ± 0.05mm, and the shaping pressure of any value size in the range of 11T-13T is used in the present embodiment Power.Specifically, using 12T forming pressure in the present embodiment, more step up between suppressing powder stock by this pressure It is close, improve the intensity, rigidity, heat-resisting and anti-wear performance of valve retainer;As other schemes, the shaping of 11T sizes can be used Pressure, the forming pressure of 13T sizes can also be used;
C, sinter:It is sintered being placed on by the compressing valve retainers of step b in sintering furnace, reaches its hardness To HRB80-HRB100, blank is formed;By valve retainer compressing step b successively by pre-burning section, high temperature section and cold But section three phases, nitrogen is filled with pre-burning section, high temperature section and cooling section, pre-burning section nitrogen flow is 3m3/h-5m3/ h scopes Interior arbitrary value, high temperature section nitrogen flow are 18m3/h-20m3Arbitrary value in the range of/h, cooling section nitrogen flow are 5m3/h- 6m3Arbitrary value in the range of/h, specific effect is preferred, and in the present embodiment, pre-burning section nitrogen flow is 4m3Appointing in the range of/h Meaning value, high temperature section nitrogen flow are 19m3/ h, cooling section nitrogen flow are 55m3/h;Gas is prevented by being filled with inert nitrogen gas Seat ring is oxidized in sintering process, so as to improve the quality of valve retainer;Further, it is compressing by step b Valve retainer is sintered by six regions altogether in pre-burning section and high temperature section, and the temperature in six regions is followed successively by from front to back: 600 ± 10 DEG C, 750 ± 10 DEG C, 850 ± 10 DEG C, 1120 ± 10 DEG C, 1120 ± 10 DEG C, 1120 ± 10 DEG C;
D, immersion oil:Immersion oil processing is carried out after blank cooling;The powder metallurgy sintered product cleaned up is put into machine oil Middle immersion.Oil is immersed in the hole of product under the capillary force action of product, and increase valve retainer is handled by immersion oil Corrosion resistance, wearability is improved, extend its service life;
E, machine:Above-mentioned blank is placed in machining apparatus to enter rounding of driving a vehicle, two-sided mill, centreless grinding successively thick Mill, vibration, centreless grinding fine grinding;
F, oil is boiled:Valve retainer after step process is carried out to boil oil processing.Valve retainer is placed in oil oven, It is heated to 80 DEG C -100 DEG C;As another middle preferred scheme, valve retainer is placed in vacuum tank, after sealing vacuumizes, to Injection machine oil, is again heated to 80 DEG C, can speed up heat treatment, while machine oil can enter valve seating in 10min in vacuum tank In the gap of circle;Effectively it can prevent valve retainer from cracking by the heat treatment mode for boiling oil.
By the powder stock of multiple components it is compressing after through oversintering its fusion is hardened into blank, by step e Blank is removed into burr sharp edge after being machined out, then is packaged into after over-cooking oil processing as valve retainer finished product;This skill The hardness of valve retainer is enabled to reach HRB80-HRB105 using powder metallurgically manufacturing valve retainer in art scheme, and not Occurring has the defects of stomata, sand holes, crackle, reduces alloying component segregation to greatest extent, eliminates thick, uneven casting Tissue;Net formation and automatic batch production are realized simultaneously, is effectively reduced resource and the energy resource consumption of production, improve production effect Rate, reduce and waste, reduce production cost.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment is roughly the same with embodiment one, and difference is, powder stock element composition and mass percent For Fe:93%, Cr:2.1%, Mn:0.6%, Co:2.5%, Ni:0.9%, C:0.9%.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment is roughly the same with embodiment one, and difference is, powder stock element composition and mass percent For Fe:92%, Cr:2.5%, Mn:0.5%, Co:3%, Ni:1%, C:1%.
Example IV
The present embodiment is roughly the same with embodiment one, and difference is, pre-burning section nitrogen flow in step c sintering processes For 3m3/ h, high temperature section nitrogen flow are 18m3/ h, cooling section nitrogen flow are 5m3/h。
Embodiment five
The present embodiment is roughly the same with embodiment one, and difference is, pre-burning section nitrogen flow in step c sintering processes For 5m3/ h, high temperature section nitrogen flow are 20m3/ h, cooling section nitrogen flow are 6m3/h。
Specific embodiment described in text is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.The technical field of the invention Technical staff described specific embodiment can be made it is various modification supplement or using similar mode substitute, But without departing from the spiritual of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of production technology of valve retainer, it is characterised in that this production technology comprises the following steps:
A, batch mixing:Powder is made in metal including Fe, Cr, Mn, Co and Ni and is mixed into powder stock;The powder is former Expect that element composition and mass percent are Fe:89.1%~93.6%, Cr:2%~3%, Mn:0.3%~0.8%, Co:2% ~5%, Ni:0.8%~1.2%, C:0.8%~1.4%;
B, shape:Above-mentioned powder stock is made by valve retainer shape by mould, reaches its density using high pressure compacting 7.0g/cm3-7.1g/cm3
C, sinter:It is sintered being placed on by the compressing valve retainers of step b in sintering furnace, reaches its hardness HRB80-HRB100, form blank;The sintering process includes pre-burning section, high temperature section and cooling section three phases, the valve Seat ring is sintered by six regions altogether in pre-burning section and high temperature section, and the temperature in six regions is followed successively by from front to back:600± 10 DEG C, 750 ± 10 DEG C, 850 ± 10 DEG C, 1120 ± 10 DEG C, 1120 ± 10 DEG C, 1120 ± 10 DEG C;
D, immersion oil:Immersion oil processing is carried out after blank cooling;
E, machine:Above-mentioned blank is placed in machining apparatus enter successively rounding of driving a vehicle, two-sided mill, centreless grinding corase grind, Vibration, centreless grinding fine grinding;
F, oil is boiled:Valve retainer is carried out to boil oil processing.
2. the production technology of valve retainer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in stepb, using 11T-13T The forming pressure of size.
3. the production technology of valve retainer according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in stepb, compressing Valve retainer it is annular in shape.
4. the production technology of valve retainer according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in pre-burning section, high temperature section and cold But Duan Jun is filled with nitrogen, and pre-burning section nitrogen flow is 3m3/h-5m3/ h, high temperature section nitrogen flow are 18m3/h-20m3/ h, cooling Section nitrogen flow is 5m3/h-6m3/h。
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CN106077660B (en) * 2016-06-15 2018-04-17 威海双鑫金属制品有限责任公司 A kind of method that powder metallurgy prepares engine valve seat
CN107931618A (en) * 2017-11-18 2018-04-20 台州鹏环机械有限公司 A kind of production technology of timing belt pulley
CN108716460B (en) * 2018-05-16 2019-12-31 湖北理工学院 Pore treatment method for powder metallurgy connecting rod of refrigerator compressor
CN108817375A (en) * 2018-07-23 2018-11-16 重庆智博粉末冶金有限公司 The powder metallurgy production method and valve retainer of high-performance valve retainer
CN110860692B (en) * 2019-11-28 2022-05-06 安徽金亿新材料股份有限公司 High-airtightness powder metallurgy valve guide pipe and processing method and application thereof
CN113414393B (en) * 2021-06-29 2023-08-25 重庆华孚工业股份有限公司 Processing technology of valve retainer

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DE3838461A1 (en) * 1988-11-12 1990-05-23 Krebsoege Gmbh Sintermetall POWDER METALLURGICAL MATERIAL BASED ON COPPER AND ITS USE
CN103447524A (en) * 2013-09-19 2013-12-18 安徽白兔湖动力有限公司 Powder metallurgy valve seat ring and production method thereof
CN103537695A (en) * 2013-10-11 2014-01-29 芜湖市鸿坤汽车零部件有限公司 Powder metallurgy valve seat ring and manufacturing method thereof
CN104308164A (en) * 2014-08-27 2015-01-28 安徽嘉木橡塑工业有限公司 Powder metallurgy valve seat ring and manufacturing method thereof
CN104923791A (en) * 2015-03-29 2015-09-23 安徽同丰橡塑工业有限公司 Machining technique for valve seat ring

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Denomination of invention: A production process for valve seat rings

Effective date of registration: 20231113

Granted publication date: 20180227

Pledgee: Taizhou Bank Co.,Ltd. Wenling Branch

Pledgor: WENLING HENGFENG POWDER METALLURGY Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2023980065042