CN105536758A - Preparation method of floatable type recoverable photocatalyst based on single-crystal titanium dioxide - Google Patents

Preparation method of floatable type recoverable photocatalyst based on single-crystal titanium dioxide Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105536758A
CN105536758A CN201610108764.1A CN201610108764A CN105536758A CN 105536758 A CN105536758 A CN 105536758A CN 201610108764 A CN201610108764 A CN 201610108764A CN 105536758 A CN105536758 A CN 105536758A
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titanium dioxide
preparation
flyash
catalyst
single crystal
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王金刚
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University of Jinan
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University of Jinan
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J21/00Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/06Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • B01J21/08Silica
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/39Photocatalytic properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61Surface area
    • B01J35/615100-500 m2/g
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/38Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/10Photocatalysts

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a floatable type recoverable photocatalyst based on single-crystal titanium dioxide. Lightweight inorganic particle fly ash is taken as a carrier, and single-crystal titanium dioxide is synthesized on the surface of the carrier. Due to the special morphology of single-crystal titanium dioxide, single-crystal titanium dioxide has a larger specific surface area when growing on the surface of the carrier, so that the catalyst can be sufficiently contacted with organic matters, and the catalytic activity is higher. The preparation method of the catalyst is simple, adopts mild conditions and is easy to control; the density of the lightweight carrier is far smaller than that of water, the catalyst can float on the water surface, is not required to be stirred during use, is not affected by water turbidity, is easy to recover after being used and can be repeatedly used.

Description

A kind of preparation method of the recyclable photochemical catalyst of float type of based single crystal titanium dioxide
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of photochemical catalyst, specifically a kind of preparation method of the recyclable photochemical catalyst of float type of based single crystal titanium dioxide, belongs to photocatalysis technology field.
Background technology
Titanium dioxide has nontoxic, inexpensive, that catalytic activity is high advantage, is the photochemical catalyst be most widely used.Compared with ordinary titanium dioxide, single crystal titanium dioxide is owing to possessing direct electron channel, and electronics and hole good separating effect, thus have higher catalytic activity.Although titanium dioxide has good catalytic activity, when it uses under field conditions (factors), be subject to larger restriction: (1) owing to lacking Keep agitation condition, titanium dioxide free settling and reduce its catalytic effect; (2) catalytic effect affects greatly by water body light transmittance; (3) catalyst recovery difficulty, easily causes waste and secondary pollution.Be the effective means solved the problem in carrier surface by titanium dichloride load, carrier comprises glass fibre, high polymer, inorganic light weight carrier etc.The preparation of current loaded photocatalyst adopts the mode of dip-coating at carrier surface load commercial powder titanium dioxide substantially, although technique is simple, but its shortcoming also clearly: powdered titanium dioxide forms absorption at carrier surface, and between catalyst and carrier, adhesion is more weak, and stability is not high; Absorption gained catalyst surface area is less, and catalytic action is a greater impact.In addition, dip-coating utilizes nanoscale commodity titanium dioxide to mix with carrier, and utilize the nanoparticle surface large feature of energy and carrier to be formed and adsorb, this mode is not suitable for the load of single crystal titanium dioxide.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of the recyclable photochemical catalyst of float type of based single crystal titanium dioxide.The present invention adopts light-weight inorganic particle flyash to be carrier, at carrier surface synthetic single crystal titanium dioxide, due to the special appearance of single crystal titanium dioxide, it has larger specific area when carrier surface grows, catalyst more fully can be contacted with organic matter, and catalytic activity is higher.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A preparation method for the recyclable photochemical catalyst of float type of based single crystal titanium dioxide, it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
1) surface modification of flyash carrier: fully mixed with 1% VTES (KH171) ethanolic solution by flyash particle, leaves standstill, by floating flyash separate particles;
2) Spawn preparation: by the isolated flyash particle transfer of step 1) institute in alcohol solution, slowly adding butyl titanate to its concentration is 1%, abundant stirring, leave standstill, the flyash particle of separating floating, 80 DEG C of oven dry, then 500 DEG C of roastings 2 hours, obtain the flyash particle of carried titanium dioxide crystal seed;
3) preparation of single crystal titanium dioxide: butyl titanate or titanium tetrachloride and concentrated hydrochloric acid are mixed with solution by 1:1 volume ratio, are stirred well to system transparent, proceed to autoclave, add step 2) gained flyash particle, 200 DEG C of reactions 12 hours;
4) be separated end-product: after reaction terminates, separating obtained flyash particle, surface clean is also dried and obtains the single crystal titanium dioxide catalyst that end product is carried on flyash surface.
Described step 2) in alcohol solution be that ethanol and water are made according to volume ratio 49:1.
Described single crystal titanium dioxide is rutile-type mono-crystalline structures.
In described step 3), the flyash particle addition of carried titanium dioxide crystal seed is be 1/3 of amount of solution in autoclave according to volume ratio.
In described step 4), bake out temperature is 100 DEG C.
The invention provides a kind of appendix of preparing in the method for the single crystal titanium dioxide on inorganic carrier surface.Single crystal titanium dioxide possesses direct electron channel, effectively can prevent the compound in electronics and hole, has higher light utilization ratio; Due to the special appearance of single crystal titanium dioxide, it has larger specific area when carrier surface grows, and catalyst more fully can be contacted with organic matter, and catalytic activity is higher.For improving single crystal titanium dioxide in the adhesive strength of carrier surface, the load of crystal seeds and the control preparing hydrothermal condition are keys of the present invention.
With the preparation of traditional photochemical catalyst compared with use, catalyst tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) catalyst surface area prepared of the present invention is large, and institute's carried titanium dioxide is rutile-type mono-crystalline structures.Because single crystal titanium dioxide grows with stereoscopic-state on flyash surface, the specific area of catalyst can be significantly improved.After tested, specific surface area of catalyst (quality is catalyst and flyash gross mass) reaches 174.8m 2/ g.
(2) adopt the mode of surface modification at the preset titanium dioxide crystal seed in flyash surface in the preparation process of catalyst of the present invention, time prepared by hydro-thermal, titanium dioxide, along this seeded growth, solves because flyash structure is not mated with titanium dioxide lattice and causes synthesizing failed problem.Adopt the preset crystal seed of mode of surface modification, the adhesive strength of titanium dioxide crystallite at flyash particle surface can be improved, be beneficial to the synthesis of next step single crystal titanium dioxide.
(3) catalytic activity is high.Although prepared titanium dioxide is the rutile-type lower to ultraviolet light response, but because titanium dioxide is mono-crystalline structures, there is good electron-hole separating effect, there is larger specific area simultaneously, thus still have good catalytic activity, it is good to the catalytic degradation effect of organic pollutants.
(4) preparation method is simple, mild condition, is easy to control.Light carrier density is much smaller than water, and catalyst may float on the water surface, without the need to stirring during use, does not affect by water turbidity, uses rear recovery easy, can recycle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the single crystal titanium dioxide shape appearance figure and the partial enlarged drawing that are carried on flyash surface.
Fig. 2 is the XRD result figure of prepared catalyst.
Fig. 3 is the high-resolution-ration transmission electric-lens resolution chart of rutile titanium dioxide mono-crystalline structures, a) is wherein electron diffraction analysis collection of illustrative plates; B) be partial enlarged drawing.
Fig. 4 is catalyst using state figure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the experimental result picture of catalyst degradation rhodamine B under uviol lamp and sunshine respectively.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
This experimental procedure describes merely concrete preparation process, and the amount of single Kaolinite Preparation of Catalyst is relevant with autoclave volume.
The recyclable photochemical catalyst of float type of based single crystal titanium dioxide, its preparation method is as follows:
1) flyash particle is fully mixed with 1% VTES (KH171) ethanolic solution, leave standstill, by floating flyash separate particles;
2) by step 1) isolated flyash particle transfer in alcohol solution (volume ratio of ethanol and water is 49:1), slowly adding butyl titanate to its concentration is 1%, abundant stirring, leave standstill, the flyash particle of separating floating, 80 DEG C of oven dry, then 500 DEG C of roastings 2 hours, obtain the flyash particle of carried titanium dioxide crystal seed;
3) butyl titanate and concentrated hydrochloric acid are mixed with solution by 1:1 volume ratio, be stirred well to system transparent, proceed to autoclave, add step 2) gained flyash particle, flyash particle addition is be 1/3,200 DEG C of amount of solution in autoclave reactions 12 hours according to volume ratio;
4), after reaction terminates, separating obtained flyash particle, surface clean also dries and obtains at 80 DEG C the single crystal titanium dioxide catalyst that end product is carried on flyash surface.
Embodiment 2
This experimental procedure describes merely concrete preparation process, and the amount of single Kaolinite Preparation of Catalyst is relevant with autoclave volume.
The recyclable photochemical catalyst of float type of based single crystal titanium dioxide, its preparation method is as follows:
1) flyash particle is fully mixed with 1% VTES (KH171) ethanolic solution, leave standstill, by floating flyash separate particles;
2) by step 1) isolated flyash particle transfer in alcohol solution (volume ratio of ethanol and water is 49:1), slowly adding butyl titanate to its concentration is 1%, abundant stirring, leave standstill, the flyash particle of separating floating, 80 DEG C of oven dry, then 500 DEG C of roastings 2 hours, obtain the flyash particle of carried titanium dioxide crystal seed;
3) titanium tetrachloride and concentrated hydrochloric acid are mixed with solution by 1:1 volume ratio, be stirred well to system transparent, proceed to autoclave, add step 2) gained flyash particle, flyash particle addition is be 1/3,200 DEG C of amount of solution in autoclave reactions 12 hours according to volume ratio;
4), after reaction terminates, separating obtained flyash particle, surface clean also dries and obtains at 80 DEG C the single crystal titanium dioxide catalyst that end product is carried on flyash surface.
For further illustrating the design feature of institute of the present invention controlling catalyst, carry out various test to the catalyst obtained by the present invention and characterize, wherein ESEM collection of illustrative plates as shown in Figure 1.As can be seen from Figure 1 be covered with one-dimensional rod-like titanium dioxide at flyash particle surface, its diameter is about 100nm, length about 2 μm.Fig. 2 is the X-ray diffraction analysis result of prepared catalyst, as can be seen from Figure 2, although there is stronger flyash ambient interferences, still can observe obvious diffraction maximum at the crystal face such as (110), (101), (211), wherein based on (110) crystal face, the prepared titanium dioxide of display is rutile-type.Fig. 3 is the high-resolution-ration transmission electric-lens analysis result of prepared titanium dioxide, and illustration a is wherein its electron diffraction analysis collection of illustrative plates, and known prepared titanium dioxide is mono-crystalline structures; Illustration b is the high-resolution-ration transmission electric-lens partial enlarged drawing of prepared titanium dioxide, shows its interplanar distance and is about 0.25nm.
Application example
This application example is the experiment of laboratory room small-sized photocatalytic degradation.
Rhodamine B (RhB) solution that 50mL concentration is 5mg/L is added respectively in two 100mL beakers, transparent membrane (prevent moisture content from volatilizing and affect mensuration) is covered on beaker surface, the floating catalyst that 0.2g is prepared by embodiment 1 is respectively added in solution, respectively with ultraviolet light (power be 125W, fixed wave length be the high-pressure sodium lamp of 365nm) and sunshine (period noon in summer) for light source degraded RhB solution, experimental result is as shown in Figure 5.
As can be seen from accompanying drawing 5, prepared catalyst has good catalytic activity, especially under sunlight conditions during catalytic degradation RhB, 2.5h can reach the degradation rate of about 95%, significantly better than 125W fixed wave length uviol lamp, this is on the one hand relevant with intensity of illumination height at noon in summer, on the other hand also narrow with rutile titanium dioxide energy gap, can visible ray be utilized better relevant.Photochemical catalyst prepared by patent of the present invention has good response to sunshine, the use under natural conditions preferably.

Claims (5)

1. a preparation method for the recyclable photochemical catalyst of the float type of based single crystal titanium dioxide, it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
1) surface modification of flyash carrier: fully mixed with 1% VTES ethanolic solution by flyash particle, leaves standstill, by floating flyash separate particles;
2) Spawn preparation: by the isolated flyash particle transfer of step 1) institute in alcohol solution, slowly adding butyl titanate to its concentration is 1%, abundant stirring, leave standstill, the flyash particle of separating floating, 80 DEG C of oven dry, then 500 DEG C of roastings 2 hours, obtain the flyash particle of carried titanium dioxide crystal seed;
3) preparation of single crystal titanium dioxide: butyl titanate or titanium tetrachloride and concentrated hydrochloric acid are mixed with solution by 1:1 volume ratio, are stirred well to system transparent, proceed to autoclave, add step 2) gained flyash particle, 200 DEG C of reactions 12 hours;
4) be separated end-product: after reaction terminates, separating obtained flyash particle, surface clean is also dried and obtains the single crystal titanium dioxide catalyst that end product is carried on flyash surface.
2. the preparation method of photochemical catalyst according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 2) in alcohol solution be that ethanol and water are made according to volume ratio 49:1.
3. the preparation method of photochemical catalyst according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described single crystal titanium dioxide is rutile-type mono-crystalline structures.
4. the preparation method of photochemical catalyst according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 3), the flyash particle addition of carried titanium dioxide crystal seed is be 1/3 of amount of solution in autoclave according to volume ratio.
5. the preparation method of photochemical catalyst according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 4), bake out temperature is 100 DEG C.
CN201610108764.1A 2016-02-26 2016-02-26 Preparation method of floatable type recoverable photocatalyst based on single-crystal titanium dioxide Pending CN105536758A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106268939A (en) * 2016-08-09 2017-01-04 长安大学 A kind of supported ionic liquids carrier, preparation method and applications
CN107486203A (en) * 2017-09-11 2017-12-19 浙江工商大学 A kind of recyclable float type composite photocatalyst ball and its preparation method and application
CN110180496A (en) * 2019-06-06 2019-08-30 济南大学 Light-weight inorganic particle surface loads the preparation method of the reversible oil slick recovery catalyst of rodlike titanium dioxide array

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106268939A (en) * 2016-08-09 2017-01-04 长安大学 A kind of supported ionic liquids carrier, preparation method and applications
CN106268939B (en) * 2016-08-09 2018-12-28 长安大学 A kind of supported ionic liquids carrier, preparation method and applications
CN107486203A (en) * 2017-09-11 2017-12-19 浙江工商大学 A kind of recyclable float type composite photocatalyst ball and its preparation method and application
CN107486203B (en) * 2017-09-11 2019-12-24 浙江工商大学 Recyclable floating type composite photocatalytic ball and preparation method and application thereof
CN110180496A (en) * 2019-06-06 2019-08-30 济南大学 Light-weight inorganic particle surface loads the preparation method of the reversible oil slick recovery catalyst of rodlike titanium dioxide array
CN110180496B (en) * 2019-06-06 2022-01-25 济南大学 Preparation method of reversible floating oil recovery agent with rod-shaped titanium dioxide array loaded on surface of light inorganic particle

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Application publication date: 20160504