CN105532734A - 一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
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Abstract
本发明公开一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴,原材料按照如下份数比组成:黄粘泥土24-36份,尿素16-35份,腐植酸12-17份,福美砷9-13份,聚乙烯醇3-5份,磷酸二氢钾4-5份,萘乙酸0.005-0.010份、赤霉素0.002-0.005份,聚丙烯酰胺4-19份,甲醛3-15份,异戊烯酰嘌呤0.5-6份,水80-120份。本发明有效地解决了现有果树伤口愈合慢、效果差、且影响果树生长的问题,经过在各种果树上试验试用结果表明,它与现有技术相比具有防病虫能力强、效果突出、配伍合理,成本较低、安全性高等优点。本发明是集促进伤口愈合、杀虫、防病乃至植物调节于一体。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及林业生产领域,尤其涉及一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴及其制备方法。
背景技术
果树如苹果、梨、桃、樱桃等果树,在生长发育期间,树皮有裂纹或遇阴湿天气,加上漏沙地、土壤营养不良和多年的老果园,常发生果树腐烂病,又叫烂皮病,主要发生在树的枝和主干等部位。患此病时,轻者树势消弱、产量降低,严重者主干或主枝局部枯死,甚至整个果树死亡,有果树癌症之称,北方果农最为头痛的事情。为了治愈此病或减轻其发病,不得不刮树皮、涂杀菌剂,但往往治标不治本。现有的果树腐烂病的防治方法也多是配方复杂或不好操作,主干和树枝部位暴露在自然条件下,风吹日晒雨淋等,利用率低、残毒大、药效短,使用频繁,病害易复发,使现有的果树腐烂病防治方法困难多,效果差。迫切需要发明一种简便易行的方法和技术,既能杀灭果树腐烂病病菌,又低毒、无残留、无污染,符合无公害化果产品生产标准,本发明是替代目前北方果树生产上砷制剂的首选药剂。
随着农业现代化的发展,果树作为农业的支柱产业之一有着广阔的发展前景,果树的管理技术也在不断提高。为了发展果树新品系,提高果品的商品价值和产量,通常要通过告接换头来实现品种的更新换代。但果树高接换头后造成的伤口仅靠自身愈合非常缓慢,有的采用塑料膜或是泥土封口,不但效果差,而且易受到病虫危害,在夏季新生枝头极易被大风刮断,给果树的生长造成损害;为了促进苹果、梨等果树花芽分化,提高枣树的坐果率和产量,通常采用树体环剥技术,它可以有效阻碍树冠产生的光合营养物质向根部的输送,树体上部碳水化物得到积累,使碳/氮比提高,对花芽分化和提高坐果率有促进作用。但这种技术措施存在一些问题,当环剥口宽度太宽或树体营养不良时,往往不能按期愈合,引起树势衰弱,严重时会出现死枝或死树现象。
目前对果树伤口或嫁接口采取的主要技术措施是采取药物涂抹伤口。广大枣农为避免皮暗斑螟造成的危害,在开甲和高接换头的果园,每年使用甲胺磷、1605等剧毒农药涂抹甲口7-10次,生产成本大量增加,农药残留及环境污染严重,而且这种方式并不能有效促进果树的伤口愈合。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术中存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴及其制备方法。
一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴,原材料按照如下份数比组成:
黄粘泥土24-36份,尿素16-35份,腐植酸12-17份,福美砷9-13份,聚乙烯醇3-5份,磷酸二氢钾4-5份,萘乙酸0.005-0.010份、赤霉素0.002-0.005份,聚丙烯酰胺4-19份,甲醛3-15份,异戊烯酰嘌呤0.5-6份,水80-120份。
进一步说明,所述的一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴,原材料按照如下份数比组成:
黄粘泥土26份,尿素20份,腐植酸15份,福美砷10份,聚乙烯醇4份,磷酸二氢钾5份,萘乙酸0.007份、赤霉素0.004份,聚丙烯酰胺6份,甲醛5份,异戊烯酰嘌呤2份,水90份。
进一步说明,所述的一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯酰胺,甲醛和水混合均匀,加温至45-65℃并加入尿素进行搅拌溶解,时间为1-2.5小时,最终得到粘稠液;
(2)将异戊烯酰嘌呤加入步骤(1)获得的粘稠液,混合均匀;
(3)先取黄粘泥土,加入水,再依次加入尿素、腐植酸和福美砷后搅拌均匀后静置,温度为21-26℃,时间为45-60分钟;
(4)将聚乙烯醇和磷酸二氢钾加入步骤(3)的混合物中,再继续搅拌,最后加入萘乙酸、赤霉素和步骤(2)获得的粘稠液;
(5)制取与果树腐烂病病斑大小等面积的药贴。
尿素、聚丙烯酰胺、甲醛、水四种物质聚合生成对树体无毒害作用的成膜缓释剂,作用是在树体伤口处形成微粒子胶体缓释膜,封闭伤口,使各类非厌氧菌失活即能防治伤口病害,又可保持伤口湿度促进愈合;无公害杀虫剂主要是防止危害树体伤口的害虫;异戊烯酰嘌呤对蛋白质合成、酶活性及细胞代谢平衡具有调节作用,主要功能是促进伤口细胞分裂和分化,加速树体伤口愈合。
本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明有效地解决了现有果树伤口愈合慢、效果差、且影响果树生长的问题,经过在各种果树上试验试用结果表明,它与现有技术相比具有防病虫能力强、效果突出、配伍合理,成本较低、安全性高等优点。本发明是集促进伤口愈合、杀虫、防病乃至植物调节于一体。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴,原材料按照如下份数比组成:
黄粘泥土24份,尿素16份,腐植酸12份,福美砷9份,聚乙烯醇3份,磷酸二氢钾4份,萘乙酸0.005份、赤霉素0.002份,聚丙烯酰胺4份,甲醛3份,异戊烯酰嘌呤0.5份,水80份。
所述的一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯酰胺,甲醛和水混合均匀,加温至45℃并加入尿素进行搅拌溶解,时间为1小时,最终得到粘稠液;
(2)将异戊烯酰嘌呤加入步骤(1)获得的粘稠液,混合均匀;
(3)先取黄粘泥土,加入水,再依次加入尿素、腐植酸和福美砷后搅拌均匀后静置,温度为21℃,时间为45分钟;
(4)将聚乙烯醇和磷酸二氢钾加入步骤(3)的混合物中,再继续搅拌,最后加入萘乙酸、赤霉素和步骤(2)获得的粘稠液;
(5)制取与果树腐烂病病斑大小等面积的药贴。
实施例2
一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴,原材料按照如下份数比组成:
黄粘泥土36份,尿素35份,腐植酸17份,福美砷13份,聚乙烯醇5份,磷酸二氢钾5份,萘乙酸0.010份、赤霉素0.005份,聚丙烯酰胺19份,甲醛15份,异戊烯酰嘌呤6份,水120份。
所述的一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯酰胺,甲醛和水混合均匀,加温至65℃并加入尿素进行搅拌溶解,时间为2.5小时,最终得到粘稠液;
(2)将异戊烯酰嘌呤加入步骤(1)获得的粘稠液,混合均匀;
(3)先取黄粘泥土,加入水,再依次加入尿素、腐植酸和福美砷后搅拌均匀后静置,温度为26℃,时间为60分钟;
(4)将聚乙烯醇和磷酸二氢钾加入步骤(3)的混合物中,再继续搅拌,最后加入萘乙酸、赤霉素和步骤(2)获得的粘稠液;
(5)制取与果树腐烂病病斑大小等面积的药贴。
实施例3
一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴,原材料按照如下份数比组成:
黄粘泥土29份,尿素20份,腐植酸15份,福美砷10份,聚乙烯醇4份,磷酸二氢钾4份,萘乙酸0.009份、赤霉素0.004份,聚丙烯酰胺10份,甲醛12份,异戊烯酰嘌呤2份,水89份。
所述的一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯酰胺,甲醛和水混合均匀,加温至50℃并加入尿素进行搅拌溶解,时间为2小时,最终得到粘稠液;
(2)将异戊烯酰嘌呤加入步骤(1)获得的粘稠液,混合均匀;
(3)先取黄粘泥土,加入水,再依次加入尿素、腐植酸和福美砷后搅拌均匀后静置,温度为24℃,时间为50分钟;
(4)将聚乙烯醇和磷酸二氢钾加入步骤(3)的混合物中,再继续搅拌,最后加入萘乙酸、赤霉素和步骤(2)获得的粘稠液;
(5)制取与果树腐烂病病斑大小等面积的药贴。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴,其特征在于,原材料按照如下份数比组成:
黄粘泥土24-36份,尿素16-35份,腐植酸12-17份,福美砷9-13份,聚乙烯醇3-5份,磷酸二氢钾4-5份,萘乙酸0.005-0.010份、赤霉素0.002-0.005份,聚丙烯酰胺4-19份,甲醛3-15份,异戊烯酰嘌呤0.5-6份,水80-120份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴,其特征在于,原材料按照如下份数比组成:
黄粘泥土26份,尿素20份,腐植酸15份,福美砷10份,聚乙烯醇4份,磷酸二氢钾5份,萘乙酸0.007份、赤霉素0.004份,聚丙烯酰胺6份,甲醛5份,异戊烯酰嘌呤2份,水90份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种可愈合果树伤口的药贴的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯酰胺,甲醛和水混合均匀,加温至45-65℃并加入尿素进行搅拌溶解,时间为1-2.5小时,最终得到粘稠液;
(2)将异戊烯酰嘌呤加入步骤(1)获得的粘稠液,混合均匀;
(3)先取黄粘泥土,加入水,再依次加入尿素、腐植酸和福美砷后搅拌均匀后静置,温度为21-26℃,时间为45-60分钟;
(4)将聚乙烯醇和磷酸二氢钾加入步骤(3)的混合物中,再继续搅拌,最后加入萘乙酸、赤霉素和步骤(2)获得的粘稠液;
(5)制取与果树腐烂病病斑大小等面积的药贴。
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