CN105532115B - A kind of cryogenic freezing processing method for delaying Seed Aging - Google Patents
A kind of cryogenic freezing processing method for delaying Seed Aging Download PDFInfo
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- CN105532115B CN105532115B CN201610015330.7A CN201610015330A CN105532115B CN 105532115 B CN105532115 B CN 105532115B CN 201610015330 A CN201610015330 A CN 201610015330A CN 105532115 B CN105532115 B CN 105532115B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cryogenic freezing processing methods for delaying Seed Aging, it is characterised in that：Freezing liquid is placed at a temperature of 15 DEG C~25 DEG C first, then seed is placed on gauze wrapped in freezing liquid and impregnates freezing 3 10 minutes, after taking out seed, remove gauze, seed pelleting is carried out, pack and is put into stored frozen in seed bank or is placed in the shady and cool warehouse of ventilation and is stored.This method has many advantages, such as low equipment cost, section space, speed is fast, easy to operate and floor space is small.Seed vitality can be improved after this method is handled, extend seed longeivity, increase the resistance of seed and plant, it is finally reached the effect basically identical with not aged seed production, it can solve the existing uneven emergence brought due to Seed Aging, the problems such as seedling is weak, the germ plasm resource that can also solve the problems, such as to be brought due to Seed Aging in breeding is lost in.
Description
Technical field
This patent is related to vegetable seeds field, especially provides a kind of processing method that cryogenic freezing is carried out to seed, processing
Seed afterwards can keep higher seed vitality, delay the process of seed natural aging.This method have it is at low cost, section space,
Speed is fast and the advantages that operating process is easy.
Background technology
Seed is the most important organ of multiplication of seed plant, and the production development of preservation and farming and animal husbandry to germ plasm resource rises
Irreplaceable role, the quality of quality directly determines the growth and development state of Progeny plants.Therefore, seed is as one
Kind important material instrument of production, occupies an important position in agricultural production process, into directly affecting agricultural production success or failure
Key.To realizing agricultural volume increase, increasing income purpose with synergy, it is necessary to which the factors such as water, fertilizer, seed are organic in order matches somebody with somebody
It closes, and seed is internal factor in these factors, occupies leading and critical role.
Seed must undergo the mistake of growth and development and aging after development reaches morphological maturity and physiological maturity
Journey.Seed senescence be one by quantitative change to qualitative change, long-term and complex biological process, either in natural ring after seed maturity
Under the conditions of border or under the conditions of labor management, vigor decline all can progressively occur, until irreversible going through of completely losing of vigor
Journey, show in this course seed cell form, physiology, biochemistry and inhereditary material all can changed comprehensive change,
This process is a kind of universal phenomenon in seed storage, and Seed Aging not only influences seed sprouting and the growth of seedling, also can
The yield and quality of later stage plant is influenced, although the seed of aging can germinate under the conditions of more suitably, it germinates
Speed relatively slowly, seedling vigor it is weaker, if running into environment-stress may not emerge or can not seedling；The kind of opposite high vigor
Son is the prerequisite for ensureing that crop emergence is early, neat, strong, strong, can realize precision drilling, save application rate and labour, carry
Height is to the resistance of adverse environmental factor.
China is seed production and sales and demand big country.Seed longeivity is different in size, the kind of cereal crops and industrial crops
Son is mostly short life seed, and seed and the germ plasm resource deterioration easy to aging during storage, this gives seed and germ plasm resource
Preservation brings difficulty, not only influences the work of breeding units, can also increase the risk and cost input of seed operating unit.Institute
Seed Aging how to be delayed to have become and solves important research direction urgently to be resolved hurrily in China's Food Security at this stage
One of.The shelf life for how effectively extending vegetable seeds is explored, and reduces seed cell damage to greatest extent, for plant
Germ plasm resource and ensure that seedling is neat in crop field kind, have in terms of stress rapid, healthy and strong and that a variety of poor environments can be resisted
There is vital meaning.
The content of the invention
To solve problem above, the present invention provides a kind of deep-frozen technologies for delaying Seed Aging.
The present invention specifically provides a kind of cryogenic freezing processing method for delaying Seed Aging, it is characterised in that：First will
Freezing liquid is placed at a temperature of -15 DEG C~-25 DEG C (preferably -20 DEG C), and then seed is placed in freezing liquid with gauze wrapped and is soaked
Bubble freezing 3-10 minutes after taking out seed, removes gauze, and progress seed following process process, i.e. seed pelleting are packed and be put into
Stored frozen or be placed in the shady and cool warehouse of ventilation is stored in seed bank.
The cryogenic freezing processing method of the present invention for delaying Seed Aging, it is characterised in that：The freezing liquid temperature controllable
Scope is spent for extremely -60 DEG C of room temperature, and the ingredient and weight percent of freezing liquid are preferably：
Wherein, ethyl alcohol is the ethyl alcohol that concentration is 98%, and sucrose is edible sucrose.
Most preferably proportioning is：Sodium chloride 12%, concentration be 98% ethyl alcohol 23%, glycerine 25%, edible sucrose 5%, first
Shell element 4%, remaining is water.
The cryogenic freezing processing method of the present invention for delaying Seed Aging, it is characterised in that：This method especially suitable for
The freezing processing of non-vernalization crop seeds in cereal crops, industrial crops.
The present invention provides a kind of new deep-frozen technology for delaying Seed Aging, the technology have equipment cost it is low,
Save space, the advantages that speed is fast, easy to operate and floor space is small.Seed vitality can be improved after this method is handled, is extended
Seed longeivity increases the resistance of seed and plant, is finally reached the effect basically identical with not aged seed production, can solve
The existing uneven emergence brought due to Seed Aging, the problems such as seedling is weak, the kind brought due to Seed Aging can be also solved in breeding
The problem of matter resource loss.
Description of the drawings
The not aged material seedling growth figure of Fig. 1 room temperature.
Material seedling growth figure after Fig. 2 room temperature agings (growing way is weaker).
Fig. 3 freezes not aged material seedling growth figure.
Fig. 4 freezes the material seedling growth figure of aging.
The not aged plant of Fig. 5 room temperature.
Plant of Fig. 6 seeds after freezing.
Plant of the Fig. 7 after freezing is unaged.
Plant after Fig. 8 freezing agings.
The unaged milking maturity latter stage plant growing way figure of Fig. 9 room temperature.
Figure 10 room temperature aging plant growing way figures.
The unaged plant growing way figure of Figure 11 low temperature.
Figure 12 low temperature aging plant growing way figures.
Fruit ear photo after Figure 13 harvests.
Fruit ear photo after Figure 14 harvests.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Water intaking rice, soybean, cucumber and pepper seed, four groups are divided by each seed：First group is handled not for profound hypothermia
Aged Seeds, second group is seed after profound hypothermia processing artificial ageing, third and fourth group is the seed of non-freezing processing as control
And the seed by artificial ageing of non-freezing processing.
Seed artificial ageing method：Seed after freezing and the seed not freezed are placed in 43 DEG C, 85% condition of relative humidity
Lower processing carries out artificial ageing in 3 days.
Germination treatment：All seeds are respectively placed in germination box, the seed of identical type be placed under identical environment into
The germination treatment of row seed, the number of record germination daily, calculates germinating energy, germination percentage, germination index, vitality index.It is all types of
Percentage of seedgermination statistical result such as table 1.
1 all types of seed average germination percentages (%) of table
As shown in Table 1, it is substantially reduced by the percentage of seedgermination of aging, seed, the low temperature of low-temperature treatment is carried out to seed
By the seed of Artificial ageing after processing, percentage of seedgermination with the percentage of seedgermination that room temperature is stored is substantially close does not become
Change.Experiment explanation, after low-temperature treatment, seed vitality is basically unchanged seed, and embodies preferable antiageing effect.
Embodiment 2
Choose be suitble to each snow change in Heilongjiang Province it is main plant corn variety amount to 12 (each 2 main breeds of snow change) into
Row experiment (being shown in Table 2).
Table 2 chooses varieties of plant
Test method：
12 parts of corn hybrid seeds are subjected to deep-frozen processing.Processing procedure is the corn seed that will be selected -15
DEG C freezing liquid in freezing impregnate 6 minutes, freezing liquid is wiped after taking-up, is put into conventional refrigerator stored refrigerated 3 months.During plantation
Monoseeding, seed carry out 4 kinds of processing methods, wherein first group handles unaged seed for profound hypothermia, second group is profound hypothermia
Seed after processing artificial ageing, third and fourth group are artificial for the seed of non-freezing processing and the process of non-freezing processing as control
The seed of aging.Freezing liquid ingredient and weight percent used are：
By experiment material kind, seedling stage carries out growth of cereal crop seedlings observation in farmland, and determination of yield is carried out after ripe.Each test material kind
It plants in Heilongjiang Province Shangzhi City Mao Ershan experimental plots and Heilongjiang Province Suihua City Yongan Manchu town experimental plot, cell 4m rows are long,
0.6m line width, spacing in the rows 0.25m, 4 row areas, 17 plants of often row plantation, 2 repetitions, normal field management.According to《National conventional corn
Regional experiment of variety, pilot production, pilot study survey item and standard》(2006) go out each test material seedling stage
Seedling rate is investigated, and the jointing stage carries out plant forms observation, and milk stage kataphase is investigated into the fields such as every trade plant height, growing way character, into
The ripe phase carries out determination of yield to respectively testing material, records data.
Seed artificial ageing method
Seed after freezing is placed in the seed not freezed to 43 DEG C, processing 3d (is equivalent under the conditions of relative humidity 85%
It is stored 26 months under room temperature).The method is used in following experiment, the seed of treated material representative storage various years.
Experiment material is planted in Heilongjiang Province Suihua Yongan Manchu town and Heilongjiang Province Shangzhi City Mao Ershan experimental plots, is gone out
Seeding ratio investigation is carried out to each 192 experimental plots under two environment after seedling, the 3-4 leaf phases carry out seedling growth investigation, pull out
The section phase investigates corn growing way, and milking maturity latter stage investigates corn growing way, and corn yield investigate after harvest
To following result：
Seeding ratio investigation (being shown in Table 3) is carried out to each 192 experimental plots under two environment after emergence, is found：By
The seeding ratio of aging is substantially reduced, and emergence rate has dropped nearly 15%；Seed, the low-temperature treatment of low-temperature treatment are carried out to seed
Afterwards by the seed of Artificial ageing, seeding ratio with the seeding ratio that room temperature is stored is substantially close does not become substantially
Change.Experiment explanation, after low-temperature treatment, seed vitality is basically unchanged seed, and embodies preferable antiageing effect.
Respectively processing seed is averaged emergence rate (%) table 3
12 material emergence rates are carried out with consistency analysis, it is higher that analysis result shows that different cultivars emergence rate has
Uniformity, seed variety influence cryogenic freezing effect little.It can thus be concluded that be applicable to Heilongjiang Province big for cryogenic freezing method
Most corn main breeds.
The 3-4 leaf phases investigate (see Fig. 1-4) seedling growth, by relatively understanding：Test material after cryogenic freezing with not
The material growing way of freezing is basically identical, and portion of material growing way is more than the material not freezed；Material after the artificial ageing of freezing
Expect growing way with it is basically identical without the material growing way of freezing；Material growing way after not chilled artificial ageing is poor.
Jointing stage investigates (see Fig. 5-8) seedling growth, and seed is not old by freezing the unaged plant grown and room temperature
The plant of change is substantially similar compared to growing way, some material straw stiffnesses and plant height are better than the unaged plant of room temperature；Freezing is old
The plant of change is similar to the not aged plant growing way of room temperature.Plant growth situation after cryogenic freezing is good, and tentatively showing can
The effect that can increase production.
Milking maturity latter stage investigates (see Fig. 9-12) plant growing way, and chilled growth situation is good, better than not chilled
Material.
Maturity period carries out field and surveys production, is shown in Table 4, Figure 13,14 photos harvested for material.It is quick-frozen as can be seen from Table 4
Not aging is compared with the non-ageing material of room temperature, except CS5101, dragon educate 9 and Feng He, 6 three material room temperature not aging material ratio speed
Remaining is slightly below quick-frozen non-ageing material outside jelly not aging material is slightly higher；Material after aging is than not aged bill of materials
Fringe weight is low, but the material of quick-frozen aging does not have significant change, with quick-frozen non-ageing lower slightly 10g of material or so；Room temperature aging
Material afterwards is low for spike weight amount in 4 kinds of processing as control.
The average spike weight amount (unit of 4 kinds of 4 field of table processing：Gram)
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar can understand present disclosure and implement according to this, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
The equivalent change or modification that Spirit Essence is made, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cryogenic freezing processing method for delaying Seed Aging, it is characterised in that：First by freezing liquid be placed in -15 DEG C~-
At a temperature of 25 DEG C, then seed is placed on gauze wrapped in freezing liquid and impregnates freezing 3-10 minutes, after taking out seed, is removed
Gauze, carries out seed pelleting, packs and is put into stored frozen in seed bank or be placed in the shady and cool warehouse of ventilation and stored；
The freezing liquid adjustable temperature scope is room temperature to -60 DEG C；
The ingredient and weight percent of the freezing liquid be：
2. according to the cryogenic freezing processing method for delaying Seed Aging described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ethyl alcohol is dense
The ethyl alcohol for 98% is spent, the sucrose is edible sucrose.
3. according to the cryogenic freezing processing method for delaying Seed Aging described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The freezing liquid
Composition and composition proportion are：Sodium chloride 12%, concentration be 98% ethyl alcohol 23%, glycerine 25%, edible sucrose 5%, crust
Element 4%, remaining is water.
4. according to the cryogenic freezing processing method for delaying Seed Aging described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：By the freezing liquid
Temperature is controlled at -20 DEG C.
5. according to the cryogenic freezing processing method for delaying Seed Aging described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The seed is grain
Non- vernalization crop seeds in food crop, industrial crops.
6. a kind of purposes of claim 1 the method, it is characterised in that：This method is suitable for cereal crops, industrial crops
The freezing processing of non-vernalization crop seeds.
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| CN103689061A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-04-02 | 大连博缘科技有限公司 | Cell freezing preservative solution |
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| 不同处理对野生猫爪草种子发芽特性的影响;孙万慧等;《中国种业》;20090115(第1期);第45-47页 * |
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