CN105529538A - High-power millimeter-wave broadband mode converter based on continuous grating structure - Google Patents

High-power millimeter-wave broadband mode converter based on continuous grating structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105529538A
CN105529538A CN201610016242.9A CN201610016242A CN105529538A CN 105529538 A CN105529538 A CN 105529538A CN 201610016242 A CN201610016242 A CN 201610016242A CN 105529538 A CN105529538 A CN 105529538A
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mirror
wave
mode converter
high power
mode
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CN105529538B (en
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吴泽威
李�浩
浦友雷
李天明
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/16—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
    • H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced with unbalanced lines or devices

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-power millimeter-wave broadband mode converter based on a continuous grating structure, belonging to the field of microwave transmission of a vacuum component. The mode converter comprises a round waveguide radiator, a matching mirror, a polarization grating mirror and a phase correction system, wherein a TE<0.1> mode emitted to space from the round waveguide radiator is converted into quasi-planar electromagnetic wave with appropriate size of wave beam through a parabolic mirror before the TE<0.1> mode has spherical wave; the quasi-planar wave which has no fixed polarization direction and is symmetric in field intensity distribution is converted into linear polarization wave which has a single polarization direction and of which the field intensity distribution is strong in the middle and weak at the two ends through a continuous variable period grating mirror arranged behind an ellipsoidal mirror; and finally, the beam spot size and the phase of the obtained linear polarization wave are adjusted and corrected by the phase correction system, so that a TEM<00> mode (Gauss wave beam) with a particularly-sized beam spot is generated, and the conversion between the TE<0.1> mode and the TEM<00> mode of the round waveguide is completed. The high-power millimeter-wave broadband mode converter has the advantages of wide frequency band, high power capacity, compact structure and the like.

Description

A kind of high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter based on continuous optical grating construction
Technical field
The invention belongs to the microwave transmission field of vacuum components and parts, be specifically related to a kind of high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter based on continuous optical grating construction, for the TE that gyrotron is exported 0,1mode convertion becomes the suitable TEM propagated in atmosphere 00mould.
Background technology
High power millimeter wave has extensive use at field of scientific studies such as remote high-resolution radar, electron cyclotron resonance heating, super jammer, accelerator, fine ceramics sintering, material surface process, plasma chemistries.Gyrotron traveling wave tube has high power, wide band feature, is the ideal power source in millimeter wave submillimeter wave frequency range.In order to can reduce the working loss of device and improve standing wave interaction efficiency, high power gyrotron traveling wave tube adopts circular waveguide TE usually 0,1mould is as mode of operation.Circular waveguide TE 0,1the end-fire near axis area of mould is open circles taper, if directly to launch or for the problems such as axial radiation is zero, power dissipation, sidelobe level are high that drive traditional antenna to exist, the energy that gyrotron finally can be caused to export can not concentrate in target effectively.Therefore, the pattern being convenient to directly transmission and application required for waveguide mode conversion that these are not suitable for directly transmission and apply by Land use models converter is needed.
At present, the technology realizing high-power mode conversion mainly contains converter technique step by step based on waveguiding structure and aiming light mode converter technique.Mapping mode step by step based on waveguiding structure: by the TE utilizing snake curved or arc kinking structure to be exported by gyrotron 0,1patten transformation becomes corresponding TE 1,1or TM 1,1pattern, then utilizes ripple tapered waveguide mode converter by TE 1,1or TM 1,1patten transformation becomes to be convenient to the HE of directly transmission and application 1,1pattern or TEM 00pattern.This mode conversion efficiency converted step by step is high, but there is limited power capacity, transformation chain passes by the deficiencies such as length, work strip width.Along with the mistake mold process degree of the improving constantly of millimeter wave high power gyrotron power level and operating frequency, output waveguide aggravates, the mode converted gradually is difficult to the appearance suppressing spurious mode.Even if introduce advanced algorithm technology also can only to a certain extent mode of extension converter bandwidth of operation, decrease transform length, the requirement of high power system to power level, bandwidth of operation and densification can not be met.Therefore, the mode converted gradually is not suitable for the output of high-power broadband gyrotron traveling wave tube.
Focus on the quasi-optical parts such as minute surface control electromagnetic transmission because quasi-optical technique utilizes, there is no the limit wall of waveguide, there is not the discontinuous edge of easily sparking thus the restriction of power capacity can be broken through; On the other hand, the efficiency of patten transformation can be improved by quasi-optical parts such as optimal design waveguide radiator, phase only pupil filter mirrors.Therefore, quasi-optical technique can be utilized to realize the conversion of high power millimeter wave TE01-TEM00 pattern.But no matter be the aiming light mode conversion or the quasi-Optical Mode Converter of Denisov type that adopt Vlasov type, all can only realize single-frequency point work.2000, the people such as Russian Applied Physics research institute V.I.Belovsov were by adopting non-quadratic surface mirror, achieving TE with the assembly such as grating mirror, coupling minute surface of diving tower 01-TEM 00broadband conversion [V.I.Belousovs, A.A.Bogdashov, A.V.ChirkovG.G.Denisov, the TE of pattern 01-TEM 00quasi-OpticalModeConverter, InternationalJournalofInfraredandMillimeterWaves, 2000,21 (2): 187-192], because diving tower exists, there is discontinuity in the optical grating speculum made, thus optical grating speculum is easily punctured in high power situation.In addition, also there is the deficiencies such as output mode purity is not high and bulky in this mapped structure.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide that a kind of bandwidth, power capacity are high, the high-power millimeter wave TE of compact conformation 0,1-TEM 00mode converter.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Based on a high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter for continuous optical grating construction, comprise circular waveguide radiator, coupling mirror, polarization grating mirror and phase only pupil filter system, it is characterized in that: TE 0,1mould, from the injection of circular waveguide radiator, is converted into the suitable directrix plane electromagnetic wave of beam size after coupling mirror; Then directrix plane electromagnetic wave converts single polarised direction to through polarization grating mirror, field strength distribution is the middle line polarization wave that two ends are weak by force; Last phase only pupil filter system is carried out adjusting to the bundle spot size of single line polarization wave, phase place and revises, and makes it the TEM that generation one has specific bundle spot size 00mould, completes circular waveguide TE 0,1-TEM 00the conversion of pattern.
Further, described coupling mirror is ellipsoidal mirror or paraboloidal mirror.
Further, the axis of described coupling mirror and circular waveguide is 45 degree of angles.
Further, the continuous type variable period grating mirror of perforate centered by described polarization grating mirror.
Further, the normal direction of described polarization optical grating speculum is 45 degree of angles with the normal mating minute surface.
Further, described phase only pupil filter system comprises first phase correction mirror and second phase correction mirror, and two compensating glass are irregular surface mirror, and two minute surface directions are opposing parallel.
Further, described high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter is arranged in wire chamber.
In the present invention, shine the radiation TE in space from circular waveguide radiator 0,1mould has curved wavefront, is converted into the directrix plane electromagnetic wave that beam size is suitable after paraboloidal mirror.Be placed on that the continuous type variable period grating mirror after ellipsoidal mirror converts the quasi-plane wave without fixed polarization direction, field strength distribution symmetry to single polarised direction, field strength distribution is the weak line polarization waves in middle strong two ends.Finally, by phase only pupil filter system, the bundle spot size of the single line polarization wave obtained, phase place carried out adjusting and revised, generating the TEM that has specific bundle spot size 00mould (Gaussian beam), completes circular waveguide TE 0,1-TEM 00the conversion of pattern.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. working band is wide, and output mode purity is high.Be greater than in the scope of 15% in relative bandwidth, mode conversion efficiency is higher than 95%, and pattern scalar purity is higher than 95%, and arrow pattern purity is higher than 92%.If reduction bandwidth requirement, mode conversion efficiency can also improve further, meets the output requirement of current high-power millimeter wave gyral travelling wave tube completely.
2. power capacity is high, because all parts all adopt reflective mirror surface structure, is convenient to heat radiation and design cooling structure.Therefore can be used for power is 0-10GW, even more high-power millimeter wave mode conversion.
3. simple and compact for structure, easily process, be easy to and the high power millimeter wave system integration.
4. can be arranged in wire chamber, avoid the interference of external electromagnetic environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter based on continuous optical grating construction.
Fig. 2 is coupling mirror surface structure and generalized section.
Fig. 3 is continually varying polarization grating structural representation.
Fig. 4 is polarization grating fundamental diagram.
Fig. 5 distributes based on the output field of the high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter of continuous optical grating construction.
Fig. 6 is with the variation relation of frequency based on the output field purity of the high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter of continuous optical grating construction.
In figure: 1. circular waveguide radiator 2. ellipsoidal mirror 3. continuous type polarization grating mirror, 4. first phase correction mirror, 5. second phase correction mirror.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, this patent is further described.
A kind of high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter based on continuous optical grating construction comprises: circular waveguide radiator (1), coupling mirror (2), polarization grating mirror (3) and phase only pupil filter system, wherein phase only pupil filter system is made up of two sides phase only pupil filter mirror (4) and (5), and above-mentioned each part is all placed in same wire chamber.
The radius of circular waveguide radiator equals and high power millimeter wave TE 0,1mould-TEM 00the radius of the upstream device delivery outlet that the mode converter of mould is connected; Coupling minute surface is ellipsoidal mirror, and the axis of its minute surface direction and open circles waveguide is 45 degree of angles; The continuous type variable period reflecting grating mirror of perforate centered by polarization grating mirror, the normal direction of polarization optical grating speculum is 45 degree of angles with the normal mating minute surface; Phase only pupil filter system is placed in polarization grating rear end, be made up of, and two minute surface directions is opposing parallel two sides irregular surface mirror;
Described coupling mirror adopts ellipsoidal mirror, is a part for rotation ellipsoid, for adjusting the TE radiated from open ended waveguide end 0,1the beam size of mould in space and phase place, make wave beam can converge at polarization grating place after ellipsoid reflection, complete twist-reflector, and can obtain better plane wave front through ellipsoid minute surface in reduced size, meet grating polarization torsional requirements.Assuming that the major axis of ellipsoid is 2a, minor axis is 2b, two focal point F 1 and F2, and F1 and F2 is respectively R1 and R2 to the distance at ellipsoidal mirror center, be then used for the focal length of ellipsoidal mirror of pack and phase place adjustment to be:
f = R 1 R 2 R 1 + R 2 - - - ( 1 )
The continuous type variable period reflecting grating mirror of perforate centered by described polarization grating mirror, for reversing the polarised direction of spatial beams.The TE that gyrotron exports 01only there is angle electric field in mould, and distributes ringwise, do not have polarised direction, and desirable output mode TEM 00for single linear polarization.Therefore, TE be realized 01-TEM 00the efficient conversion of pattern, first will change, and grating is the high power components of a kind of conventional change wave beam polarization.According to TE 0,1mode radiation field distribution, realize the change polarized, the direction of grating is:
d y / d x = t a n &lsqb; 1 2 ( &phi; + &pi; / 2 &rsqb; - - - ( 2 )
In formula, y and x is plane coordinates, and φ is the angle of position and X-axis, and π is circumference ratio.Consider that transformation efficiency is processed with actual, screen periods d: λ/3≤d≤λ, λ is free space wavelength, grating depth h:h=λ d2, λ dfor guide wavelength, the maximum cycle of polarization grating is less than λ/2, and λ is free space wavelength.
The shape of described phase only pupil filter minute surface is irregular surface speculum, obtains ideal field distribution in order to revise the wave beam reflected from polarization grating at corrugated horn.The character of mirror surface meets:
z M ( x , y ) = &lambda; 2 &pi; &CenterDot; &Phi; ( x / c o s &theta; , y ) c o s &theta; - - - ( 3 )
Z mthe relative variation that (x, y) is specular surface, Φ is the phase mass of required change, and θ is the projected angle of incident wave beam on minute surface.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
See Fig. 1,2,3 and 4, with the high power millimeter wave TE of Ka 01quasi-optical broadband mode converter is example.This mode converter is made up of a waveguide radiator (1), coupling mirror (2), polarization grating mirror (3), a phase only pupil filter system (4), and these four parts are placed in same plane.Wherein waveguide radiator is open-ended circular waveguide, and input bore is 32mm; Ellipsoid minute surface is by the beams reflected of waveguide radiator radiation to polarization grating mirror, and adjust size and the phase place of wave beam, minute surface is of a size of 182 × 162mm 2; Polarization grating mirror adopts rectangular raster, and the maximum cycle of grating is 6.7mm, and the minimum period is 1.5mm; Participate in Fig. 4, when beam is to grating, the electric field of incident wave can be broken down into two orthogonal electric field component E xand E z, the existence of grating groove makes E zbe directly mirrored and E xwill reflected to bottom land forward.E can be made by the degree of depth of control flume xobtain phase change 180 degree, thus total direction of an electric field of reflected beam is changed; Phase only pupil filter system adjusts the phase front of the wave beam that reflects of polarization grating, bundle spot size, makes it realize one in the position of distance second phase correction minute surface center 350mm and girdles the waist as the Gaussian beam of 16.25mm.
During test, need at mode converter input successively connecting signal source, TE 01mode exciter is to simulate the output of gyrotron.Meanwhile, place optical waveguide probe at output port, just can the output field of acquisition model exciter be distributed by the mode of space plane surface sweeping.
See Fig. 5, be 35GHz ripple TE 01the output field distribution of broadband mode converter.Field distribution symmetry is good, well-balanced, shows that the main component of beamformer output is Gaussian beam.
See Fig. 6, within the scope of 30GHz-38GHz, the relative bandwidth scope internal schema purity of nearly 23.5% is all greater than 94%, and wherein the highest in 35GHz mode purity, highest purity is 97.62%.

Claims (7)

1., based on a high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter for continuous optical grating construction, comprise circular waveguide radiator, coupling mirror, polarization grating mirror and phase only pupil filter system, it is characterized in that: TE 0,1mould, from the injection of circular waveguide radiator, is converted into the suitable directrix plane electromagnetic wave of beam size after coupling mirror; Then directrix plane electromagnetic wave converts single polarised direction to through polarization grating mirror, field strength distribution is the middle line polarization wave that two ends are weak by force; Last phase only pupil filter system is carried out adjusting to the bundle spot size of single line polarization wave, phase place and revises, and makes it the TEM that generation one has specific bundle spot size 00mould, completes circular waveguide TE 0,1-TEM 00the conversion of pattern.
2. a kind of high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter based on continuous optical grating construction as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described coupling mirror is ellipsoidal mirror or paraboloidal mirror.
3. a kind of high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter based on continuous optical grating construction as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the axis of described coupling mirror and circular waveguide is 45 degree of angles.
4. a kind of high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter based on continuous optical grating construction as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the continuous type variable period grating mirror of perforate centered by described polarization grating mirror.
5. a kind of high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter based on continuous optical grating construction as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: normal direction and the normal mating minute surface of described polarization optical grating speculum are 45 degree of angles.
6. a kind of high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter based on continuous optical grating construction as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described phase only pupil filter system comprises first phase correction mirror and second phase correction mirror, two compensating glass are irregular surface mirror, and two minute surface directions are opposing parallel.
7. a kind of high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter based on continuous optical grating construction as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter is positioned in wire chamber.
CN201610016242.9A 2016-01-12 2016-01-12 A kind of high power millimeter wave broadband mode converter based on continuous optical grating construction Expired - Fee Related CN105529538B (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106505280A (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-03-15 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 A kind of millimeter wave multi-frequency multi-mode mode excitation device
CN109254276A (en) * 2017-07-12 2019-01-22 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 The heterogeneous of curved mirror structure for the packaging passive alignment in chip-scale laser radar integrates
CN114006141A (en) * 2021-11-03 2022-02-01 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Long-pulse high-power millimeter wave three-port power distribution grating
CN114566773A (en) * 2022-03-22 2022-05-31 电子科技大学 Spiral optical grating groove loaded circular waveguide TM01-TE01Mode converter
CN114824697A (en) * 2022-04-13 2022-07-29 电子科技大学 All-dielectric transmission type quasi-optical mode converter for high-power microwave device

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
V.I.BELOUSOV等: "TE01-TEM00 QUASI-OPTICAL MODE CONVERTER", 《INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFRARED AND MILLIMETER WAVES》 *
ZEWEI WU等: "A high-efficiency quasi-optical mode converter for a 94GHz TE5,3 Mode Gyrotron", 《IEEE》 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106505280A (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-03-15 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 A kind of millimeter wave multi-frequency multi-mode mode excitation device
CN109254276A (en) * 2017-07-12 2019-01-22 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 The heterogeneous of curved mirror structure for the packaging passive alignment in chip-scale laser radar integrates
CN114006141A (en) * 2021-11-03 2022-02-01 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Long-pulse high-power millimeter wave three-port power distribution grating
CN114566773A (en) * 2022-03-22 2022-05-31 电子科技大学 Spiral optical grating groove loaded circular waveguide TM01-TE01Mode converter
CN114566773B (en) * 2022-03-22 2023-05-05 电子科技大学 Circular waveguide TM01-TE01 mode converter loaded by spiral grating groove
CN114824697A (en) * 2022-04-13 2022-07-29 电子科技大学 All-dielectric transmission type quasi-optical mode converter for high-power microwave device
CN114824697B (en) * 2022-04-13 2023-07-11 电子科技大学 All-dielectric transmission quasi-optical mode converter for high-power microwave device

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