CN105528771B - The bearing calibration of cupping artifact in a kind of Cone-Beam CT using energy function method - Google Patents
The bearing calibration of cupping artifact in a kind of Cone-Beam CT using energy function method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
It is used through the corrected method of cupping artifact in optimized energy function pair Cone-Beam CT the invention discloses a kind of, this method is for the sectioning image after rebuilding, it is directly facing user, it does not make any change to original cone-beam CT equipment, it can complete correction work, the CT value uniformities of the substance of the same race of reconstruction image can also be improved while the cupping artifact correction that can be carried out efficiently Cone-Beam CT, to contribute in reconstruction image, the development of perfect volume visualization and the visualization technique based on threshold value.This method is applied to cone-beam CT reconstruction image (i.e. image area) alignment technique field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of medical image processing more particularly to the correction of pyramidal CT image cupping artifact, gray scales not
Uniformity correction technical field of medical image processing.
Background technology
Cone-Beam CT is usually used in image guided therapy, upper abdomen inspection as the medical treatment and industrial detection instrument developed in recent years
It looks into, examination of mouth, industrial detection etc..Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) based on flat panel detector is compared with traditional two-dimensional ct, tool
Have the advantages that prominent, be mainly manifested in circular scanning period of Cone-Beam CT, can obtain completing hundreds of or even thousands of it is disconnected
The projection of tomographic image has higher sweep speed and radiation utilization rate, and effectively reduces the load output of X-ray tube, drop
Low scanning cost.The many because being known as of cone-beam CT reconstruction picture quality are influenced, such as x-ray scattering, noise, geometric error, power spectrum, spy
Survey unit non_uniform response etc..But since cone-beam tablet CT uses large-scale X-ray flat panel detector, this makes image quality
Be more vulnerable to compared with traditional CT X-ray scattering and beam hardening influence.Because of the artifact for scattering with being formed due to beam hardening
(main includes cupping artifact and streak artifact) seriously affects analysis and judgement to reconstruction image.In the cone-beam of medical grade
In CT reconstruction images, cupping artifact occupies very big proportion, in terms of these artifacts are for the visualization display based on threshold value and is based on
It is influenced in terms of the pyramidal CT image segmentation of threshold value very serious.And the correction of cupping artifact can provide instead for other artifact corrections
Feedback reference, being other, cone beam computed tomography (CT) scattering and beam hardening correction without priori provide verification information.Therefore the present invention is about cone-beam
The correction of cupping artifact in CT is very significant.
In order to reduce cupping artifact (i.e.：CT value inhomogeneities artifact) influence, currently, the prior art or documents and materials
Research is concentrated mainly on to the scatter correction in projected image.The artifact correction of early stage is mainly reflected in hardware based correction,
Such as X-ray filter line device, collimator or metal grate, air-gap method, scanning slit technology and leads or stereotype technology.Recently
Artifact correction research in several years is mainly reflected in based on monte carlo method, scattering analysis method of estimation and is based on partial dispersion ray
The scatter correction method of measurement.Monte Carlo simulation is effectively method in CBCT scatter corrections, but calculation amount is huge.
In recent years, some improved Monte Carlo simulation algorithms are also suggested, and such as use GPU acceleration techniques, the body based on model extensive
Compound method etc..These thoughts based on Monte Carlo simulation all attempt to establish one preferably on simulation precision and calculating cost
Equalization point.But it is too high to be confined to calculating cost always, without easy to use.
There are BSA scatter removal methods in method based on the Cone-Beam CT artifact correction that part ray blocks, early stage, are logical
It crosses measurement and blocks the scattered quantum below array in ray, carry out interpolation and go out the whole scatter distributions reached on detector.Then again into
Row blocks the normal scan of array without ray, and scatter distributions image is subtracted from the projected image of scanning, is just corrected
Image afterwards.This method will carry out twice sweep, and x-ray irradiation dose is also increased while increasing sweep time.Afterwards
Fast method is blocked to occur moving, can solve the problems, such as twice sweep.
Also there is the research to the image progress artifact correction after cone-beam CT reconstruction.The research is mainly by the solution in CT images
Cut open structure.Such methods are completely dependent on deformable registration precision, and need CT image datas.
The shortcomings that prior art includes mainly：
(1) currently available technology is primarily directed to projection image correction, not directly against the school of sectioning image after reconstruction
Just, such as patent CN104408753A.
(2) most of prior art concentrates in the method for artifact correction caused by due to scattering, and needs to add mostly
Add hardware device, such as：Patent 200710019084 and 201310039298, the two patents are required for setting in expensive Cone-Beam CT
Standby upper addition hardware device, increases the complexity of operation and causes potential security risk to equipment.Especially patent
200710019084 need twice sweep testee, so the undoubtedly amount of radiation of increased measured object.
In conclusion in the method for the prior art or documents and materials, Monte-carlo Simulation Method expends the time very much, just
Correction result is limited to the structure of modulation panel itself in grade ray modulation method, is based on partial dispersion radionetric survey method, needs
Increase exposure dose, existing method is not high to the accuracy of estimation of scatter distributions.And the present invention can well solve above
Problem.
Invention content
Present invention aims at solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of use passes through optimized energy letter
It is several to the corrected method of cupping artifact in Cone-Beam CT.This method is directly facing user, no for the sectioning image after rebuilding
It makes any change to original cone-beam CT equipment, so that it may which, to complete correction work, the cup-shaped that can be carried out efficiently Cone-Beam CT is pseudo-
Shadow can also improve the CT value uniformities of the substance of the same race of reconstruction image while correction, complete to contribute in reconstruction image
The development of kind volume visualization and the visualization technique based on threshold value.This method is applied to cone-beam CT reconstruction image (i.e. image area)
Alignment technique field.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problem is that：Weight in Cone-Beam CT is used the present invention provides a kind of
The optimized energy functional based method that image carries out cupping artifact correction is built, this method has very strong robustness, need not repeat
Testee is scanned, does not increase the complexity of cone-beam CT system.
Method flow：
Step 1：Obtain the sectioning image after rebuilding.
Step 2：Cupping artifact indicates and builds energy function
Wherein G (x)=(g1(x),…gM(x))TFor smooth basis functions, ciFor constant, meets and work as x ∈ ΩiWhen, ui(x)=
1；WhenWhen, ui(x)=0, w=(w1,…wM)
Step 4：Newer w and u is fixed and uses, withFor F (u, c, w) minimum value of variable
Xie Wei：
Step 5：Newer w and c is fixed and uses, with u=(u1,…uN)TFor variable F (u, c, w) minimum value solution when,Meet following condition：
Wherein, imin(x)=argmin { f (x)-ci-wTG(x)}。
Step 6：If w is stable or iterations are more than 10 times, 7 are thened follow the steps, step 3 is otherwise returned to.
Further, the present invention is directly facing Cone-Beam CT slice of data, is not carried out to original Cone-Beam CT existing equipment any
Change, does not need the prior information of user and measured target.
Further, present invention demonstrates that cupping artifact is to decomposite to come from reconstruction image, i.e.,：
Wherein fpIndicate true artifact-free sectioning image, fsIndicate that scattering and beam hardening cause the sectioning image of artifact,
fnIndicate the sectioning image that noise n is formed.
Advantageous effect：
1, the present invention is the cupping artifact correction directly against the sectioning image after reconstruction, and this method calculation amount is relatively
It is small, while capable of efficiently carrying out the correction of Cone-Beam CT sectioning image cupping artifact, improve the CT of substance reconstruction image of the same race
It is worth uniformity.
2, the present invention is directly facing CT slice demand users, does not make any change to original Cone-Beam CT existing equipment, no
The prior information for needing user and measured target, completes correction work well.
3, the present invention can increase picture contrast, and image more accurately shows illuminated object letter originally after enabling correction
Breath.
4, the present invention improves and realizes CT image viewings, segmentation and lesion detection based on threshold value well.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is human skull's sample axial view on (left side) (right side) afterwards before the present invention is corrected by reconstruction image.
Fig. 3 is the horizontal profile value for human skull's die body that the present invention measures：The longitudinal axis is image profile.
Fig. 4 is the region of interest area image schematic diagram of the present inventor's skull die body selection.
Fig. 5 (a), Fig. 5 (b) cut for two differences of CTP486 reconstruction images in CatPhan500 before and after scatter correction of the present invention
The sample axial view of piece.
Fig. 6 is the horizontal sectional drawing of die body measured by Fig. 5 in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the selection zoning image schematic diagram of Mouse Bone.
Fig. 8 (a), Fig. 8 (b) are respectively the sample axial view of Mouse Bone reconstruction image before and after scatter correction.
Specific implementation mode
The invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of correction sides of cupping artifact in Cone-Beam CT using energy function method
Method, this method comprises the following steps：
Step 1：According to FDK algorithms obtain rebuild after sectioning image, and can from theoretical proof cupping artifact can from weight
Rear picture breakdown is built to come out.
Step 2：Cupping artifact indicates and builds energy function
Wherein G (x)=(g1(x),…gM(x))TFor smooth basis functions, ciFor constant, meets and work as x ∈ ΩiWhen, ui(x)=
1；WhenWhen, ui(x)=0, w=(w1,…wM)
Step 4：Newer w and u is fixed and uses, withFor F (u, c, w) minimum value of variable
Xie Wei：
Step 5：Newer w and c is fixed and uses, with u=(u1,…uN)TFor variable F (u, c, w) minimum value solution when,Meet following condition：
Wherein, imin(x)=argmin { f (x)-ci-wTG(x)}。
Step 6：If w is stable or iterations are more than 10 times, 7 are thened follow the steps, step 3 is otherwise returned to.
Cupping artifact of the present invention can be decomposited from reconstruction image to be carried out detailed process and includes：
For reconstruction image based on FDK algorithms, reconstruction image collection f can be written as following form in Cone-Beam CT：
Wherein dsoIndicate radiographic source to the distance of rotary shaft, I3D(t, z (r), φ) indicates the sequence of projected image.Projection
Image I3DIt can be analyzed to following form：
I3D=P3D+S3D+ n, formula 2
Wherein P3DRepresentation theory real projection image, S3DIt is the artifact ingredient as caused by scattering and beam hardening, n is equal
The additive noise that value is zero.Formula 1 is expressed as form：
Wherein fpIndicate true artifact-free sectioning image, fsIndicate that scattering and beam hardening cause the sectioning image of artifact,
fnIndicate the sectioning image that noise n is formed.
By formula 3 it is found that reconstruction image can be expressed as three independent elements additions.Wherein fsIt is by S3DIt obtains, and S3D
It is a smooth low frequency projection signal, all fsMain region (shows as the Physical Zone of the same race of large area, cupping artifact
It is its main component) it should also be a smooth low frequency sectioning image.In order to effectively use fsAnd fpProperty, the present invention will
fsIt is expressed as a known smooth basis functions collection g1,…gMLinear combination, this adapt to cupping artifact smooth change property.
By finding linear combinationIn optimum coefficient w=(w1,…wM) come estimate cupping artifact (present invention
M=10 is taken in the experimental data enumerated).The present invention is fs(x) it is expressed as fs(x)=wTThe vector form of G (x), wherein G (x)=
(g1(x),…gM(x))T。
Assuming that in image area ΩiIn there are N kind tissues, then true sectioning image fp(x) it is in actually being organized at i-th
A constant c about xi.Each ΩiIt can be with its membership function come uiIt indicates.Under ideal conditions, uiIt is one two
System membership function meets and works as x ∈ ΩiWhen, ui(x)=1；WhenWhen, ui(x)=0.As membership function uiWith constant ci
When known, fpIt may be expressed as following form：
Energy functional expression formula includes：
In this model, the present invention considers how in reconstruction image f, obtains when following energy function F being made to minimize
fsAnd fp：
If obvious variable fsAnd fpThere is no any constraints, the minimum of F is an ill-conditioning problem.In fact, working as fs
And fpTo meet condition fp=f-fsArbitrary value when, energy F (fs,fp) it can all obtain minimum value.Use true picture and cup-shaped
The expression formula of artifacts, energy F (fs,fp) following form can be represented as：
Optimization includes：
All variable u=(u of energy F (u, c, w)1,…uN), c=(c1,…cN) and w be all convex, this property is true
Protected F (u, c, w) has unique optimal solution for any variable.Pass through F (u, c, w) minimum value under interleaved computation difference variable
Solution, you can reach solution purpose.
First, fixed c and u, the present invention can be by solving equationTo obtain the minimum value of F (u, c, w).It crosses
Journey is as follows：
Above-mentioned equation can be rewritten as following form：
Aw=v, formula 8
It is easy to prove, matrix A is nonsingular matrix.Therefore, vectorialIt can be represented as：
Newer fs, can be calculated and be obtained by following formula：
Newer w and u is fixed and uses, withIt is for F (u, c, w) minimum value solution of variable：
Newer w and c is fixed and uses, with u=(u1,…uN)TFor variable F (u, c, w) minimum value solution when,Meet following condition：
Wherein, imin(x)=argmin { f (x)-ci-wTG(x)}。
Experiment and result
Quantitative analysis index definition includes：
Define cupping artifact τcup=100 (uM,edge-uM,center)/uM,edge, wherein uM,centerAnd uM,edgeIt is die body center
With the CT values (HU) at edge..
The Cone-Beam CT slice cupping artifact correction of human skull, which is tested, includes：
Experimental image size is 211 × 211.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the CT value uniformities of image significantly improve after correction.
Analysis result is as shown in table 1.The correction course of a slice takes 1.89 seconds (CPU in this method:i5-2450,RAM:6GB,
GPU:NVIDA GeForce 610M)。
Fig. 3 illustrates the front and back image of horizontal profile correction.It can be seen that observing the cupping artifact of image after correction
It is greatly reduced.
The slice cupping artifact correction of CTP486 die body Cone-Beam CTs, which is tested, includes：
It is tested using CTP486 die bodys.It is as shown in Figure 5 to correct image.CTP486 modules are containing 2% (0- by CT numbers
20H) homogeneous material of water is cast.Image size is 229 × 229.The correction course of one slice takes 1.93 seconds (CPU:
i5-2450,RAM:6GB,GPU:NVIDA GeForce610M)。
The front and back image of horizontal profile correction is as shown in Figure 6.As can be seen from Figure 6 substance slice map CT of the same race before correcting
It is worth uneven, i.e., (shows as cupping artifact), and it is subtle to human eye to use after the method for the present invention cupping artifact to eliminate
Degree.
Table 1：The quantitative analysis of skull die body.Reconstruction image (RI_BC) before cupping artifact correction, after cupping artifact correction
Reconstruction image (RI_AC)
Mouse Bone Cone-Beam CT is sliced cupping artifact correction experiment, specifically includes：
Mouse Bone scattering data is obtained by Hiscan M1000 (Micro-CT).The acquisition of reconstruction image includes 80kVp,
360 projections of 200uA, 30ms.Fig. 8 (a) and Fig. 8 (b) illustrates the sample of the Mouse Bone reconstruction image before and after scatter correction
Axial view.Image size is 339 × 339.The correction course of one slice takes 2.7 seconds (CPU:i5-2450,RAM:6GB,
GPU:NVIDA GeForce610M).As shown in fig. 7, cupping artifact is reduced to 9.8% by this method by 23.8%, analysis result
As shown in table 2.
Table 2：The quantitative analysis of Mouse Bone.Reconstruction image (RI_BC) before cupping artifact correction, after cupping artifact correction
Reconstruction image (RI_AC).
Claims (4)
1. a kind of optimized energy functional based method being carried out cupping artifact correction using reconstruction image in Cone-Beam CT, feature are existed
In described method includes following steps：
Step 1：Obtain the sectioning image after rebuilding；
Step 2：Cupping artifact indicates and builds energy function：
Wherein fpIndicate true artifact-free sectioning image, fsIt indicates to scatter the sectioning image for causing artifact with beam hardening, f is
Reconstruction image without correction, G (x)=(g1(x),…gM(x))TFor smooth basis functions, ciFor constant, meets and work as x ∈ ΩiWhen, ui
(x)=1；WhenWhen, ui(x)=0, variable u=(u1,…uN), c=(c1,…cN) and w=(w1,…wM) all it is convex；
Step 3：Fixed c and u, by solving equationThe minimum value of F (u, c, w) is obtained,Wherein
Step 4：Newer w and u is fixed and uses, withIt is for F (u, c, w) minimum value solution of variable：
Step 5：
Newer w and c is fixed and uses, with u=(u1,…uN)TFor variable F (u, c, w) minimum value solution when,Meet following condition, i.e.,：
Wherein, imin(x)=arg min { f (x)-ci-wTG(x)}；
Step 6：If w is stable or iterations are more than 10 times, 7 are thened follow the steps, step 3 is otherwise returned to；
Step 7：Image is after correction
2. a kind of optimized energy carrying out cupping artifact correction using reconstruction image in Cone-Beam CT according to claim 1
Functional based method, which is characterized in that the method is directly facing Cone-Beam CT slice of data, is not carried out to original Cone-Beam CT existing equipment
Any change does not need the prior information of user and measured target.
3. a kind of optimized energy carrying out cupping artifact correction using reconstruction image in Cone-Beam CT according to claim 1
Functional based method, which is characterized in that the cupping artifact of the method is to decomposite to come from reconstruction image f, i.e.,：
Wherein, dsoIt is distance of the radiographic source to rotary shaft, fpIndicate true artifact-free sectioning image, fsIndicate scattering and beam
Hardening causes the sectioning image of artifact, fnIndicate the sectioning image that noise n is formed.
4. a kind of optimized energy carrying out cupping artifact correction using reconstruction image in Cone-Beam CT according to claim 1
Functional based method, which is characterized in that the method is applied to cone-beam CT reconstruction image rectification.
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| WO2018126434A1 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-12 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Ct image shadow correction method and apparatus, and electronic device |
| EP3704667B1 (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2021-05-26 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Deep learning based motion artifact prediction during magnetic resonance image data acquisition |
| CN107997780B (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2020-11-06 | 重庆大学 | Cone beam CT instantaneous scanning device and reconstruction method |
| CN109919868B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2022-10-04 | 西北工业大学 | Method for detecting and projection weighting correction of cone beam CT beam hardening curve |
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