CN105527514A - Test method for lightning indirect effects of finished special vehicle - Google Patents
Test method for lightning indirect effects of finished special vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN105527514A CN105527514A CN201510857686.0A CN201510857686A CN105527514A CN 105527514 A CN105527514 A CN 105527514A CN 201510857686 A CN201510857686 A CN 201510857686A CN 105527514 A CN105527514 A CN 105527514A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
- G01R31/006—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks
Abstract
The invention provides a test method for lightning indirect effects of a finished special vehicle. The practical discharging condition of lightning in the nature is combined, a heavy current and a high voltage are used to simulate the discharging process of a lightning rod struck by lightning, lightning protection condition of the special vehicle and electronic equipment therein is tested, test configuration, flows, methods and waveform parameters are made clear, and a unified executable method is thus formed. The problem that a standard method for reference lacks in the prior art is solved, and technical support is provided for ensuring the capability of protecting the finished special vehicle against the lightning indirect effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect test method, namely a kind of special vehicle car load is to the protective capacities decision method of thunder and lightning indirect effect, belong to the thunder and lightning indirect effect test of special vehicle, test special vehicle is for the technical field of the protective capacities of thunder and lightning indirect effect.
Background technology
Special vehicle is usually operated at field environment, weather or geographical environment more complicated, when being particularly in ward, suffering the likelihood ratio of thunder and lightning comparatively large, needs to carry out corresponding safeguard procedures.
The harm of thunder and lightning to special vehicle divides direct effect and indirect effect.Thunder and lightning direct effect refers to that thunder and lightning directly hits special vehicle, can cause that vehicle is breakdown, melting, malformation sends out, the harm brought for avoiding direct lightning strike, generally installs lightning rod protection by special vehicle perform region annex and realizes, avoid thunder and lightning directly to hit vehicle.When thunder and lightning indirect effect refers to that thunder and lightning hits lightning rod, thunder amplification current action of high voltage produces powerful Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse field, causes special vehicle electronic equipment producing induction current and induced voltage is influenced or damage.
At present, conventional thunder and lightning indirect effect test method is mainly for airplane design, and test method adopts lightning current directly to inject the mode of aircraft casing, the impact of the thunder and lightning indirect effect that examination interior of aircraft electronic equipment is subject to.Special vehicle in the course of the work thunder discharge path, coupling path and aircraft aloft state of flight differ greatly, aircraft thunder and lightning indirect effect method cannot adopt in special vehicle.Existing thunder and lightning electromagnetic environment professional domain, thunder discharge waveform parameter has clear and definite standard criterion requirement, but lacks the system-level Lightning Test method for special vehicle.If the current conventional test method of application carries out the test of thunder and lightning indirect effect to special vehicle, cannot effectively examine because thunder and lightning hits this facility being positioned over ground of lightning rod, and the indirect effect impact that the vehicle near it is produced, cannot embody because the earth electric action to be formed for vehicle indirect effect and the impact of action effect simultaneously.When with the special vehicle of field work for subjects time, current test method is not pointed.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention solves is: overcome prior art deficiency, a kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect test method is provided, solve special vehicle lightning rod to be installed in operation process in the wild and to protect direct thunder, lightning rod is hit the strong electromagnetic that can produce in process by thunder and lightning, examination special vehicle is for the protective capacities of thunder and lightning indirect effect.Pass through the present invention, specify that test configurations, flow process, method and waveform parameter, form unified executable method, solve the difficult problem lacking at present standard method reference, the thunder and lightning indirect effect protective capacities that can be special vehicle (be namely equipped with electrical equipment can the vehicle of operation in the wild) car load provides technical support.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves is: a kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect test method, and step is as follows:
(1) placed by lightning rod vertical ground, one end ground connection of lightning rod, the other end of lightning rod is most advanced and sophisticated, i.e. free end; Then by car built with the storing cycle to be measured of electrical equipment in being L place with lightning rod horizontal range;
(2) be arranged at by lightning current surge generator and have on the ground of certain distance with lightning rod, and lightning current surge generator is ground wire grounded, the output terminal of lightning current surge generator connects the free end of lightning rod by metal lead wire;
(3) discharging terminals hung is set directly over lightning rod, the discharge end of discharging terminals points to the tip of lightning rod, there is certain distance at the discharge end of discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod, the suspension member that discharging terminals is made by insulating material is fixed, and by adjusting the length of suspension member, the distance between the discharge end of discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod can be regulated;
(4) lightning voltage surge generator, is arranged at and has on the ground of certain distance with discharging terminals, and lightning voltage surge generator is ground wire grounded, and the output terminal of lightning voltage surge generator connects discharging terminals by metal lead wire;
(5) open the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured, after electrical equipment normally works, it is initial lightning current that lightning current surge generator generation current injects magnitude;
(6) lightning current of step (5) is delivered to lightning rod by metal lead wire, lightning current is coupled on the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured by the galvanomagnetic effect that lightning rod produces, now judge whether the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can normally work, repeat N time, if can normally work at every turn, then judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured is verified by the lightning current of this pulse current injectingt magnitude, carry out step (7); Can not normally work if electrical equipment is once above, then judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured is not verified by the lightning current of this pulse current injectingt magnitude, namely judge the interference that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can be produced by the lightning current of a magnitude lower than this pulse current injectingt magnitude, carry out step (8);
(7) adjust lightning current (i.e. dash current) and inject magnitude, the lightning current injection magnitude applied last in step (6) is promoted 1/10 of ceiling voltage injection magnitude at every turn, repeat step (6), until the maximum current that pulse current injectingt magnitude is setting injects magnitude, judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured injects the lightning current checking of magnitude by maximum current, namely judge the interference that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can be produced by the lightning current of this pulse current injectingt magnitude, carry out step (8);
(8) open the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured, after electrical equipment normally works, it is initial lightning voltage that lightning voltage surge generator produces voltage injection magnitude,
(9) lightning voltage of step (8) is delivered to discharging terminals by metal lead wire, distance between discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod is set in advance in safe distance, namely there is not the distance of discharging, then by the length of adjustment suspension member, distance between slow reduction discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod, until the tip clearance of discharging terminals and lightning rod discharges, the galvanomagnetic effect produced is coupled on the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured, now judge whether the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can normally work, repeat N time, if can normally work at every turn, then judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured injects the lightning voltage checking of magnitude by this voltage, carry out step (10), can not normally work if electrical equipment is once above, then judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured does not inject the lightning voltage checking of magnitude by this voltage, namely judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured by injecting the lightning voltage checking of the low magnitude of magnitude than this voltage, can carry out step (11),
(10) adjust lightning voltage (i.e. surge voltage) and inject magnitude, the lightning voltage injection magnitude produced by lightning voltage surge generator in step (9) promotes ceiling voltage injects magnitude 1/6 at every turn, repeat step (9), until voltage injects the ceiling voltage injection magnitude that magnitude is setting, judge the interference that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured is produced by the lightning voltage that ceiling voltage injects magnitude, namely judge the interference that the lightning voltage that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can inject magnitude by this voltage produces, carry out step (11);
(11) when step (6) or (7) judge electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured by pulse current injectingt magnitude be more than or equal to the current preventative magnitude of vehicle needs to be measured, and step (9) or step (10) judge electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured by voltage inject the voltage protection magnitude that magnitude is more than or equal to vehicle needs to be measured, then judge that vehicle to be measured possesses the protective capacities of thunder and lightning indirect effect; Otherwise, judge that vehicle to be measured does not possess the protective capacities of thunder and lightning indirect effect.
The material of described lead-in wire is copper flat woven band.
Safe distance D between the discharge end of described discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod and the relation of sparking voltage magnitude U, following formula:
D＝U/3000+1
The pulse current injectingt magnitude of described initial lightning current is that maximum current injects 1/10 ~ 1/5 of magnitude.
It is that ceiling voltage injects 1/6 ~ 1/3 of magnitude that the voltage of described initial lightning voltage injects magnitude.
It is 3 ~ 20 meters that described vehicle to be measured stops with lightning rod horizontal range L.
It is 200kA that described maximum current injects magnitude, and it is 6000kV that ceiling voltage injects magnitude.
Described terminal height is 6 ~ 20 meters.
The waveform of the electric current that described lightning current surge generator produces comprises ABCD tetra-segmented waveform, wherein A waveform duration is less than or equal to 500 microseconds, B waveform time is less than or equal to 5 milliseconds, C waveform duration is between for 0.25 second to 1 second, and D waveform duration is less than or equal to 500 microseconds.
The waveform of the voltage that described lightning voltage surge generator produces is initial 0 volt of time to voltage breakdown is 1.2 microseconds (± 20%), and breakdown point is 50 microseconds (± 20%) to the time of voltage drop half.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
(1) the present invention proposes the configuration of car load thunder and lightning indirect test, big current, big current simulation thunder discharge research experiment can be passed through in laboratory, solve the difficult problem that current vehicle lacks the configuration of car load Lightning Test.
(2) the present invention specify that the contents such as test method that thunder and lightning indirect effect tests, flow process, measurement magnitude and stepping, and uniform tests method, solves the problem lacking test method at present.
(3) the present invention specify that the test decision method of vehicle thunder and lightning indirect effect lightning protection ability, solves the problem lacking Vehicular system lightning protection ability test examination judgment basis at present.
(4) the present invention specify that in thunder and lightning indirect effect process of the test, lead material is copper flat woven band, effectively can reduce lead impedance.
(5) invention defines the computing formula of the safe distance D between discharge end and the tip of lightning rod, the home that discharging terminals is placed can be determined fast, avoid discharging in advance to cause test failure or other potential safety hazards.
(6) invention defines electric current in car load thunder and lightning indirect effect, corresponding relation that voltage initially injects magnitude and maximum amount level, test magnitude is arranged by the paramount magnitude of low magnitude and optimizes rationally.
(7) the present invention is according to the protection actual conditions of lightning rod to vehicle, and in definition process of the test, the distance of vehicle to be measured and lightning rod is in 3m to 20m scope.Distance between vehicle to be measured and lightning rod depends on the thunder and lightning indirect effect effect degree that subjects field special vehicle is formed.Wherein, 3m is the bee-line specified between vehicle to be measured and lightning rod, electrical equipment when being less than 3m distance on vehicle easily produces direct effect due to the excessively near distance of relative thunder discharge point, causes electrical equipment damage and effectively cannot verify the impact of indirect effect.20m is that the longest test between vehicle to be measured and lightning rod arranges distance, condition, test site and the testing equipment ability of being put to the test when being greater than 20m distance limits enforcement not easy to operate, the more important thing is that the indirect effect that formed on vehicle when distance is greater than 20m cannot the magnitude that formed when occurring of Reality simulation thunder and lightning far away.For different tests object, need further clear and definite trial stretch.
(8) the present invention is according to lightning performance, and the maximum amount level of definition lightning current, voltage test, can cover the thunder and lightning situation of occurring in nature more than 95%, improves test validity.
(9) the present invention is in conjunction with the situation of vehicle lightning protection, and the height of definition lightning rod is 6m to 20m scope, improves test coverage.The height of lightning rod arranges the physical dimension depending primarily on subjects field special vehicle, and can the height of lightning rod be directly connected to its radius of protection and cover entire vehicle completely.Wherein 6m is the minimum altitude requirement that in process of the test, lightning rod is arranged, and is mainly directed to the radius of protection of lightning rod when vehicle ground is static parks and can covers entire vehicle completely.20m is the maximum height requirement that in process of the test, lightning rod is arranged; when being mainly directed under the standby or duty of vehicle, the radius of protection of lightning rod can cover entire vehicle completely, meet simultaneously lightning rod in field test set up need simple and easy can the condition set up of implementation and operation.Too high lightening protection installation needs to change lightning tower into, the lightning tower of such as space launching site, will directly cause the not easily enforcement of test operation like this.
(10) the present invention defines the waveform of the waveform of the electric current that lightning current surge generator produces, the voltage of lightning voltage surge generator generation, and specification test waveform, effectively improves the consistance of test.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is vehicle thunder and lightning indirect effect of the present invention test schematic layout pattern;
Accompanying drawing 2 is thunder discharge current waveform of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 is thunder discharge voltage waveform of the present invention, and wherein (a) is the potential accumulations changing trend diagram before thunderbolt, and (b) is change in voltage trend map in lightning stroke process.
Embodiment
Basic ideas of the present invention: propose a kind of special vehicle thunder and lightning indirect effect test method, the actual conditions of unified with nature circle thunder discharge, the discharge process of lightning rod is hit by big current and high voltage simulation thunder and lightning, test examination is carried out to the lightning protection situation of special vehicle and internal electronic equipment thereof, specify test configurations, flow process, method and waveform parameter, form unified executable method, solve the difficult problem lacking standard method reference at present, the thunder and lightning indirect effect protective capacities that can be special vehicle car load provides technical support.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Vehicle is carried out the work in the wild in process and is adopted lightning rod to carry out lightning protection, and the distance of lightning rod distance vehicle is optimized for 3 ~ 20 meters.For distance 10 meters; can either guarantee that under this distance is arranged vehicle can not be crossed near due to distance thunder discharge point and on car body, produce direct effect, vehicle and lightning rod field can be met again and places apart from the operability of reality and terminal height the needs of vehicle radius of protection restrictive condition.In order to the thunder and lightning indirect effect protective capacities at testing laboratory's examination vehicle, need to carry out following configuration by accompanying drawing 1 on the ground in laboratory or field barnyard:
(1) placed by lightning rod vertical ground, one end ground connection of lightning rod, the other end of lightning rod is most advanced and sophisticated, i.e. free end; Then by car built with the storing cycle to be measured of electrical equipment in being L place with lightning rod horizontal range; Wherein L is that vehicle is carried out the work in process in the wild, the actual distance of lightning rod and vehicle, and in present case, L is 10m;
(2) lightning rod adopts 6m made of iron long Metallic rod simulation lightning rod, and lightning rod top is most advanced and sophisticated, and bottom is metal platform, is connected nearby bottom lightning rod with laboratory ground wire, guarantees that lightning rod grounding resistance is within the scope of 2 ~ 10 ohm;
(3) be arranged at by lightning current surge generator and have on the ground of certain distance with lightning rod, and lightning current surge generator is ground wire grounded, the output terminal of lightning current surge generator connects the free end of lightning rod by metal lead wire; For guaranteeing that big current can smoothly by going between and reducing damage, lead-in wire is general adopts low-impedance copper flat woven band;
(4) discharging terminals hung is set directly over lightning rod, the discharge end of discharging terminals points to the tip of lightning rod, there is certain distance at the discharge end of discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod, the suspension member that discharging terminals is made by insulating material is fixed, and by adjusting the length of suspension member, the distance between the discharge end of discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod can be regulated;
(5) be arranged at by lightning voltage surge generator and have on the ground of certain distance with discharging terminals, and lightning voltage surge generator is ground wire grounded, the output terminal of lightning voltage surge generator is by copper flat establishment band lead-in wire connection discharging terminals.
Lightning current impacts the big current that produces on lightning rod of indirect effect test examination thunder and lightning and enters the electromagnetic interference (EMI) that produces in the earth process to the impact of special vehicle along lightning rod, in conjunction with the specific requirement of vehicle to lightning protection, the lightning current maximum amount level of this test is set to 200kA, Initial Quantity Order is 1/10 of maximum amount level, i.e. 20kA, each lifting magnitude is 20kA.Lightning voltage impacts indirect effect test simulation thunder and lightning to the process of lightning rod gap discharge, the electromagnetic radiation effect that examination electric discharge produces is on the impact of special vehicle, in conjunction with the specific requirement of vehicle to lightning protection, the lightning current maximum amount level of this test is set to 6000kV, Initial Quantity Order is 1/6 of maximum amount level, i.e. 6kV, each lifting magnitude is 1000kV.
Concrete measurement procedure and method as follows:
(1) open the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured, after electrical equipment normally works, it is initial lightning current 20kA that lightning current surge generator generation current injects magnitude, arranges the waveform parameter of lightning current surge generator by accompanying drawing 2.Fig. 2 is the potential accumulations changing trend diagram before thunderbolt, component A, component B, component C, component D correspondence describes the different phase in lightning stroke process, the impact that each stage produces for object is different, what wherein component A was corresponding is the lightning current situation of change formed in lightning stroke process when fighting back first, for the stage that lightning current in thunderbolt overall process is maximum, maximum magnitude is 200kA.In the lightning impulse current test of simulation thunder amplification current, usually choose 200kA corresponding to component A as the maximum applying magnitude of dash current, thus the situation of checking object under test in the most severe thunder and lightning electromagnetic environment.The present invention also carries out the setting of the highest test magnitude of dash current according to the component A in accompanying drawing 2;
(2) lightning current of step lightning current surge generator is delivered to lightning rod by metal lead wire, lightning current is coupled on the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured by the galvanomagnetic effect that lightning rod produces, now judge whether the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can normally work, repeat 10 times, if can normally work at every turn, then judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured is verified by the lightning current of this pulse current injectingt magnitude, carry out step (3); Can not normally work if electrical equipment is once above, then judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured is not verified by the lightning current of this pulse current injectingt magnitude, namely judge the interference that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can be produced by the lightning current of a magnitude lower than this pulse current injectingt magnitude, carry out step (4);
(3) adjust dash current and inject magnitude, the dash current produced by lightning current surge generator in step (2) injects magnitude and promotes 20kA at every turn, repeat step (2), until pulse current injectingt magnitude is 200kA, judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured injects the lightning current checking of magnitude by maximum current, namely judge the interference that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can be produced by the lightning current of this pulse current injectingt magnitude, carry out step (4);
(4) open the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured, after electrical equipment normally works, it is initial lightning voltage 1000kV that lightning voltage surge generator produces voltage injection magnitude, arranges the waveform parameter of lightning voltage surge generator by accompanying drawing 3.Fig. 3 (a) is the curent change trend map in lightning stroke process, and Fig. 3 (b) corresponds to the ascent stage curve of Fig. 3 (b) for change in voltage trend map in lightning stroke process, Fig. 3 (a).In the high-tension lightning impulse voltage test of simulation thunder and lightning, usually choose the magnitude 6000kV of curve peak as the maximum applying magnitude of surge voltage, thus the situation of checking object under test in the most severe thunder and lightning electromagnetic environment.The present invention is also according to the setting carrying out the highest test magnitude of surge voltage in accompanying drawing 3;
(5) lightning voltage of step (4) is delivered to discharging terminals by metal lead wire, distance between discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod is set in advance as safe distance 1.3m, namely there is not the distance of discharging, then by the length of adjustment suspension member, distance between slow reduction discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod, until the tip clearance of discharging terminals and lightning rod discharges, the galvanomagnetic effect produced is coupled on the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured, now judge whether the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can normally work, repeat 10 times, if can normally work at every turn, then judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured injects the lightning voltage checking of magnitude by this voltage, carry out step (6), can not normally work if electrical equipment is once above, then judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured does not inject the lightning voltage checking of magnitude by this voltage, namely judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured by injecting the lightning voltage checking of the low magnitude of magnitude than this voltage, can carry out step (7),
(6) adjust surge voltage and inject magnitude, the surge voltage produced by lightning voltage surge generator in step (5) is injected magnitude and is promoted 1000kV at every turn, safe distance between discharging terminals and lightning rod increases 0.3m at every turn, repeat step (5), until it is 6000kV that voltage injects magnitude, judge the interference that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured is produced by the lightning voltage that ceiling voltage injects magnitude, namely judge the interference that the lightning voltage that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can inject magnitude by this voltage produces, carry out step (7);
(7) when step (2) or step (3) judge electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured by pulse current injectingt magnitude be more than or equal to the current preventative magnitude 200kA of vehicle needs to be measured, and step (5) or step (6) judge electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured by voltage inject the voltage protection magnitude 6000kV that magnitude is more than or equal to vehicle needs to be measured, then judge that vehicle to be measured possesses the protective capacities of thunder and lightning indirect effect; Otherwise, judge that vehicle to be measured does not possess the protective capacities of thunder and lightning indirect effect.
By above-mentioned steps (1) to the scheme of step (7), the effective examination checking for special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect can be realized.The dash current that step (2), step (3) apply simulates the induction current because thunder and lightning indirect effect is formed on vehicle, and the surge voltage that step (5), step (6) apply simulates the induced voltage because thunder and lightning indirect effect is formed on vehicle.In step (1) to step (3), dash current Initial Quantity Order is set to 20kA and is incremented to the setting of the highest test current intensity of 200kA with the magnitude of each 20kA step by step, be set to 1000kV with surge voltage Initial Quantity Order in step (4) to step (6) and be incremented to the setting of the highest trial voltage intensity of 6000kV with the magnitude of each 1000kV step by step, effectively simulate because lightning rod is struck by lightning the indirect effect impact that surface car is formed, its indirect effect effect degree should be increase and decrease enhancing degree from low to high, effectively prevent the situation of the maximum magnitude of the disposable applying of current conventional methods.
By enforcement of the present invention, make the test examination rate of vehicular electrical equipment reach 100%, special vehicle car load examination rate reaches 100%, and test implementation and operation difficulty reduces by 30%, and testing equipment spoilage reduces by 20%, and the spoilage of vehicular electrical equipment reduces by 30%.
The actual conditions of unified with nature circle thunder discharge of the present invention, the discharge process of lightning rod is hit by high voltage and big current simulation thunder and lightning, test examination is carried out to the lightning protection situation of special vehicle and internal electronic equipment thereof, specify test configurations, flow process, method and waveform parameter, form unified executable method, solve the difficult problem lacking standard method reference at present, can be the thunder and lightning indirect effect protective capacities rising special vehicle car load and technical support is provided.
Non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to techniques well known.
Claims (10)
1. a special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect test method, is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) placed by lightning rod vertical ground, one end ground connection of lightning rod, the other end of lightning rod is most advanced and sophisticated, i.e. free end; Then by car built with the storing cycle to be measured of electrical equipment in being L place with lightning rod horizontal range;
(2) be arranged at by lightning current surge generator and have on the ground of certain distance with lightning rod, and lightning current surge generator is ground wire grounded, the output terminal of lightning current surge generator connects the free end of lightning rod by metal lead wire;
(3) discharging terminals hung is set directly over lightning rod, the discharge end of discharging terminals points to the tip of lightning rod, there is certain distance at the discharge end of discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod, the suspension member that discharging terminals is made by insulating material is fixed, and by adjusting the length of suspension member, the distance between the discharge end of discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod can be regulated;
(4) lightning voltage surge generator, is arranged at and has on the ground of certain distance with discharging terminals, and lightning voltage surge generator is ground wire grounded, and the output terminal of lightning voltage surge generator connects discharging terminals by metal lead wire;
(5) open the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured, after electrical equipment normally works, it is initial lightning current that lightning current surge generator generation current injects magnitude;
(6) lightning current of step (5) is delivered to lightning rod by metal lead wire, lightning current is coupled on the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured by the galvanomagnetic effect that lightning rod produces, now judge whether the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can normally work, repeat N time, if can normally work at every turn, then judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured is verified by the lightning current of this pulse current injectingt magnitude, carry out step (7); Can not normally work if electrical equipment is once above, then judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured is not verified by the lightning current of this pulse current injectingt magnitude, namely judge the interference that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can be produced by the lightning current of a magnitude lower than this pulse current injectingt magnitude, carry out step (8);
(7) adjust lightning current and inject magnitude, promote 1/10 of ceiling voltage injection magnitude by the lightning current injection magnitude in step (6) at every turn, repeat step (6), until the maximum current that pulse current injectingt magnitude is setting injects magnitude, judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured injects the lightning current checking of magnitude by maximum current, namely judge the interference that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can be produced by the lightning current of this pulse current injectingt magnitude, carry out step (8);
(8) open the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured, after electrical equipment normally works, it is initial lightning voltage that lightning voltage surge generator produces voltage injection magnitude,
(9) lightning voltage of step (8) is delivered to discharging terminals by metal lead wire, distance between discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod is set in advance in safe distance, namely there is not the distance of discharging, then by the length of adjustment suspension member, distance between slow reduction discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod, until the tip clearance of discharging terminals and lightning rod discharges, the galvanomagnetic effect produced is coupled on the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured, now judge whether the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can normally work, repeat N time, if can normally work at every turn, then judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured injects the lightning voltage checking of magnitude by this voltage, carry out step (10), can not normally work if electrical equipment is once above, then judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured does not inject the lightning voltage checking of magnitude by this voltage, namely judge that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured by injecting the lightning voltage checking of the low magnitude of magnitude than this voltage, can carry out step (11),
(10) adjust lightning voltage and inject magnitude, promote 1/6 of ceiling voltage injection magnitude by the lightning voltage injection magnitude in step (9) at every turn, repeat step (9), until voltage injects the ceiling voltage injection magnitude that magnitude is setting, judge the interference that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured is produced by the lightning voltage that ceiling voltage injects magnitude, namely judge the interference that the lightning voltage that the electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured can inject magnitude by this voltage produces, carry out step (11);
(11) when step (6) or (7) judge electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured by pulse current injectingt magnitude be more than or equal to the current preventative magnitude of vehicle needs to be measured, and step (9) or step (10) judge electrical equipment on vehicle to be measured by voltage inject the voltage protection magnitude that magnitude is more than or equal to vehicle needs to be measured, then judge that vehicle to be measured possesses the protective capacities of thunder and lightning indirect effect; Otherwise, judge that vehicle to be measured does not possess the protective capacities of thunder and lightning indirect effect.
2. a kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the material of described lead-in wire is copper flat woven band.
3. a kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the safe distance D between the discharge end of described discharging terminals and the tip of lightning rod and the relation of sparking voltage magnitude U, following formula:
D＝U/3000+1。
4. a kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the pulse current injectingt magnitude of described initial lightning current is that maximum current injects 1/10 ~ 1/5 of magnitude.
5. a kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is that ceiling voltage injects 1/6 ~ 1/3 of magnitude that the voltage of described initial lightning voltage injects magnitude.
6. a kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is 3 ~ 20 meters that described vehicle to be measured stops with lightning rod horizontal range L.
7. a kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is 200kA that described maximum current injects magnitude, and it is 6000kV that ceiling voltage injects magnitude.
8. a kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described terminal height is 6 ~ 20 meters.
9. a kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect test method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the waveform of the electric current that described lightning current surge generator produces comprises ABCD tetra-segmented waveform, wherein A waveform duration is less than or equal to 500 microseconds, B waveform time is less than or equal to 5 milliseconds, C waveform duration is between for 0.25 second to 1 second, and D waveform duration is less than or equal to 500 microseconds.
10. a kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning indirect effect test method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the waveform of the voltage that described lightning voltage surge generator produces is initial 0 volt of time to voltage breakdown is 1.2 microsecond ± 20%, and breakdown point is 50 microsecond ± 20% to the time of voltage drop half.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106484964A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-08 | 北京宇航系统工程研究所 | A kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning subregion emulates determination method |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN106484964A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-08 | 北京宇航系统工程研究所 | A kind of special vehicle car load thunder and lightning subregion emulates determination method |
| CN107271846A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-10-20 | 西安交通大学 | Square wave current ripple triggers the test device and method of lower OPGW thunderbolt effect |
| CN107290625A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-10-24 | 西安交通大学 | Double Exponential current ripples trigger the test device and method of lower OPGW thunderbolt effect |
| CN107271846B (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2021-07-06 | 西安交通大学 | Device and method for testing lightning stroke effect of optical fiber composite overhead ground wire under initiation of square wave current wave |
| CN109490654A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2019-03-19 | 中国航空工业集团公司济南特种结构研究所 | A kind of multilayer FSS screen thunder and lightning coupling effect experimental rig and test method |
| CN109254229A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-22 | 中国特种飞行器研究所 | The verification method of the lightning protection of captive balloon |
| WO2023216398A1 (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-11-16 | 苏州泰思特电子科技有限公司 | Lightning effect test waveform splicing method and system |
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