CN105526049A - Adjustable travelling wave thermo-acoustic heat engine system utilizing medium-temperature heat source - Google Patents
Adjustable travelling wave thermo-acoustic heat engine system utilizing medium-temperature heat source Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable travelling wave thermo-acoustic heat engine system utilizing a medium-temperature heat source. The adjustable travelling wave thermo-acoustic heat engine system is of an annular structure composed of one or two travelling wave thermo-acoustic heat engine units, a feedback loop, aresonance tube, a control valve, a load and necessary flange connecting pieces and a T-shaped tee, wherein each thermo-acoustic heat engine unit comprises a main room-temperature cold-end heat exchanger, a heat regenerator, a hot-end heat exchanger, a hot buffer tube and a secondary room-temperature cold-end heat exchanger which are sequentially connected. The adjustable travelling wave thermo-acoustic heat engine system disclosed by the invention is capable of realizing oscillation starting and stable running thereof under heating of the medium-temperature heat source or a low-grade heat energy, outputting an acoustic power, and increasing conversion efficiency; and moreover, the adjustable travelling wave thermo-acoustic heat engine disclosed by the invention has the following advantages thatthe adjustability of the thermo-acoustic heat engine system mainly lies in: (1) an adjustable stage number of each thermo-acoustic heat engine, (2) an adjustable length of each heat regenerator; (3) an adjustable self-excited oscillation frequency of the system, (4) adjustable phases of pressure waves and velocity waves, and (5) adjustable matching property of the system and the external load.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat to power output technical field, particularly relate to the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in a kind of utilization.
Background technique
Thermoacoustic system is the novel hot merit conversion equipment of one grown up based on thermoacoustic effect, because of its mechanical moving element, unharmful substance discharge, can adopt heat energy, and reliability is high, the life-span long, efficiency advantages of higher, receives much concern all the time.Thermoacoustic system comprises thermoacoustic engine system and hot sound refrigerating machine system two type.The thermal power transfer of input system is sound merit based on Carnot's cycle principle by thermo-acoustic engine, and hot sound refrigerating machine utilizes the mechanical energy of input system or sound merit to carry out heat supply or refrigeration based on inverse Carnot's cycle principle.Because the flowing medium that can produce thermoacoustic effect will have compressibility, larger thermal expansion coefficient and less Prandtl number, and physicochemical property need be stablized in high temperature environments, therefore system generally adopts the inert gas such as nitrogen, helium as working medium.
Row ripple thermo-acoustic engine is as the one of thermo-acoustic engine, and the pressure surge of internal system and speed fluctuation homophase, the thermodynamic cycle of its regenerator inside is reversible Stirling cycle.The pressure surge of stationary mode thermoacoustic engine system inside and nearly 90 ° of speed fluctuation phase difference, sound merit is not had to export in theory, but because irreversible thermodynamics circulation is carried out in its regenerator inside, pressure and displacement wave is caused to depart from homophase or anti-phase, could realize the output of sound merit, therefore stationary mode thermo-acoustic engine also claims intrinsic irreversible heat engine.By contrast, the internal losses of row ripple thermo-acoustic engine is less, and the thermal efficiency is high, is the main developing direction in following hot sound Study and appliance field.
The utilization of middle temperature-heat-source and low grade heat energy is a kind of important channel realizing energy-saving and emission-reduction.Although row ripple thermo-acoustic engine of the prior art can realize heat to power output, but adopt the thermal source of higher temperature to drive because it, and the thermal efficiency is also not enough to, with the existence of the defect such as conventional heat engines (as gas turbine, internal-combustion engine etc.) compares favourably, make the application of thermo-acoustic engine be greatly limited.Therefore up to the present, thermo-acoustic engine application example is industrially few.How to reduce the oscillating temperature of row ripple thermo-acoustic engine, how to improve the main difficult technical that the problems such as the thermal efficiency of row ripple thermo-acoustic engine become hot sound field gradually.
Regenerator is as the critical component of thermo-acoustic engine, and its project organization, material type and characteristic size have vital impact to system operating characteristics.But due to reasons such as the working environment of regenerator High Temperature High Pressure and the high-air-tightness requirements of thermoacoustic system, make the performance impact of length change to thermoacoustic engine system studying regenerator become very difficult.Present stage all concentrates on regenerator structure and material to the impact of system performance to the lot of experiments of regenerator, seldom has the research about regenerator length change.Secondly, whether regenerator is in acoustic impedance position is the key that system has superior performance, and the calculating at design initial stage can not determine the position of regenerator completely, is also one of problem faced by needs.In addition, realize being the main regulative mode of thermoacoustic engine system in prior art to the control of the output power of thermo-acoustic engine by adjusting the heating-up temperature of heater.The shortcoming of this regulative mode is, the heating-up temperature often changing heater can reduce the working life of heater greatly.
Oscillation frequency is one of key property parameter of thermoacoustic engine system in addition, and the matching of suitable system oscillation frequency on system thermal efficiency, output power and load has vital impact.How determine suitable system self-excited oscillatory frequency according to the matching of the running environment of thermoacoustic system, the thermal efficiency and load, and can in experimentation as required the self-excited oscillatory frequency of regulating system be also one of paid close attention to problem.
There is following defect in the thermoacoustic engine system in prior art body: 1. thermo-acoustic engine progression is substantially non-adjustable; 2. regenerator length is also substantially non-adjustable; 3. system self-excited oscillatory frequency is also substantially non-adjustable; 4. pressure wave and speed wave phase place are also substantially non-adjustable; 5. system and external load matched are also substantially non-adjustable.Namely do not realize the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilizing in prior art, inconvenience uses according to various environment.
Therefore, prior art has yet to be improved and developed.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the above-mentioned defect of prior art, the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in a kind of utilization is provided, the starting of oscillation of system can be realized and stable operation under the heating of middle temperature-heat-source or low grade heat energy, output sound merit, and improve conversion efficiency.
The technological scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention adopts is as follows:
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilizing, wherein, comprises and to be connected in turn:
For cooled gas working medium, ensure the constant first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101 under ambient temperature of plane that the first regenerator 102 contacts with it simultaneously;
For there is the first regenerator 102 of thermoacoustic effect;
For to system input heat energy, ensure constant the first hot end heat exchanger 103 at relatively-high temperature temperature of plane that the first regenerator 102 contacts with it simultaneously;
The first thermal buffer channel 104 of hot short circuit phenomenon is there is for preventing the first hot end heat exchanger 103 from directly contacting with first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105;
For absorbing the first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105 of the waste heat be not completely eliminated because of electrostatic heat conduction or Rayleigh acoustic streaming;
For connecting the T-shaped threeway 106 of resonatron 107 and feedback control loop;
And for the feedback control loop of transport gas working medium and adjust system sound-filed simulation;
The non-loop arm of described T-shaped threeway 106 is connected with the resonatron 107 and load 108 for exporting sound merit.
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in described utilization, wherein, described feedback control loop comprises the first resonance straight tube 109a, the first U-shaped bend pipe 109b, the second resonance straight tube 109c for the transmitting gas working medium that are connected successively.
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in described utilization, wherein, described feedback control loop also comprises that order arranges: be connected with the second resonance straight tube 109c for transmit gas working medium the 3rd resonance straight tube 113, the 4th resonance straight tube 109d, the second U-shaped bend pipe 109e, the 5th resonance straight tube 109f and a section for water conservancy diversion the first reducer pipe 112,
First main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101 is connected to by described reducer pipe 112;
Be arranged through flange 110 in each several part joint of described feedback control loop to connect;
And modulating valve 111 is set in described 3rd resonance straight tube 113, the adjustment of system internal pressure ripple and speed wave phase place can be realized by the aperture of regulating and controlling valve 111, simultaneously the size of control system output power;
Described first time, room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105 was equal with the internal diameter of resonatron 106 with the internal diameter of modulating valve 111.
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in described utilization, wherein, described resonatron 107 is detachably connected on the non-loop arm of described T-shaped threeway 106, and the resonatron 107 of replaceable different length carrys out the self-excited oscillatory frequency of control lines ripple thermoacoustic engine system.
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in described utilization, wherein, described be in turn connected for cooled gas working medium, ensure the constant first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101 under ambient temperature of plane that the first regenerator 102 contacts with it simultaneously, for there is the first regenerator 102 of thermoacoustic effect, for inputting heat energy to system, ensure constant the first hot end heat exchanger 103 at relatively-high temperature temperature of plane that the first regenerator 102 contacts with it simultaneously, the first thermal buffer channel 104 of hot short circuit phenomenon is there is for preventing the first hot end heat exchanger 103 from directly contacting with first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105, first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger for absorbing the waste heat be not completely eliminated because of electrostatic heat conduction or Rayleigh acoustic streaming 105 forms first order row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit,
Described the first hot end heat exchanger (103) is connected with temperature-heat-source in.
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in described utilization, wherein, feedback control loop is provided with second level row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit, described second level row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit also comprise in turn be connected: the second reducer pipe 112b be connected with the second resonance straight tube 109c, for cooled gas working medium, ensure constant the second main chamber temperature cool end heat exchanger 101b under ambient temperature of plane that the second regenerator 102b contacts with it simultaneously, for there is the second regenerator 102b of thermoacoustic effect, for inputting heat energy to system, ensure constant the second hot end heat exchanger 103b at relatively-high temperature temperature of plane that the second regenerator 102b contacts with it simultaneously, the second thermal buffer channel 104b of hot short circuit phenomenon is there is for preventing the second hot end heat exchanger 103b from directly contacting with second time room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105b, for absorbing the second time room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105b of the waste heat be not completely eliminated because of electrostatic heat conduction or Rayleigh acoustic streaming.
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in described utilization, wherein, described feedback control loop is also provided with connects successively: for transmitting the 4th resonance straight tube 109d that is connected with second time room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105b of gas working medium, the second U-shaped bend pipe 109e, the 5th resonance straight tube 109f and a section for the first reducer pipe 112 of water conservancy diversion;
First main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101 is connected to by described reducer pipe 112;
Be arranged through flange 110 in each several part joint of described feedback control loop to connect;
And modulating valve 111 is provided with in described second reducer pipe 112b;
The adjustment of system internal pressure ripple and speed wave phase place can be realized, simultaneously the size of control system output power by the aperture of regulating and controlling valve 111.
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in described utilization, wherein, by first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101, first regenerator 102, first hot end heat exchanger 103, for regulate the flange thickening pad 123 of regenerator length and for carrying first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101, first regenerator 102, first hot end heat exchanger 103, the hot sound core sleeve 114 that simultaneously gas working medium worked in a sealed meter environment forms the hot sound nuclear structure of thermo-acoustic engine first; During assembling, first being inserted by the first hot end heat exchanger 103 in hot sound core sleeve 114, owing to being in the vibration environment of alternation fluid when the first hot end heat exchanger 103 works, therefore is interference fit between the first hot end heat exchanger 103 and hot sound core sleeve 114; Secondly the first regenerator 102 is inserted in hot sound core sleeve 114, and contact with the first hot end heat exchanger 103 is seamless.Then main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101 is inserted in hot sound core sleeve 114, and contact with the first regenerator 102 is seamless; Finally install flange thickening pad 123 and flange gasket additional by system sealing.
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in described utilization, wherein, the length of described hot sound core sleeve is greater than the length sum of first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101, first regenerator 102 and the first hot end heat exchanger 103;
Described flange thickening pad has complementary type structure, and side can be docked with M type male and female flange, and opposite side can dock with F type male and female flange, and material is stainless steel.
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in described utilization, wherein, the hot sound nuclear structure of thermo-acoustic engine second is formed by the second main chamber temperature cool end heat exchanger 101b, the second regenerator 102b, the second hot end heat exchanger 103b, flange thickening pad 123 and hot sound core sleeve 114.
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilization provided by the present invention, owing to have employed the correct position increase at least one-level thermo-acoustic engine unit 1. in traditional row ripple thermo-acoustic engine loop, sound merit is amplified in the loop step by step, reach raising system thermal efficiency, the object of reduction system oscillating temperature, and manual switchover between single-stage thermo-acoustic engine and twin-stage thermo-acoustic engine can be accomplished simultaneously; 2. apply a kind of thermoacoustic nuclear structure in the present invention, can realize regulating the discreteness of regenerator length by this structure; 3. thermo-acoustic engine loop is divided into some sections, every section with Flange joint, by changing the resonance pipeline section of different length, makes the total length of resonatron be 1/4 wavelength, 1/2 wavelength or 3/4 wavelength, thus realizes the frequency adjustment to row ripple thermoacoustic engine system; 4. the correct position in thermo-acoustic engine loop installs modulating valve additional, by the aperture of regulating and controlling valve, realize the phase adjusted to pressure surge in system and speed fluctuation, and ensure that regenerator is in system acoustic impedance region, the object controlling output sound merit can also be reached simultaneously; 5. in thermo-acoustic engine loop, equal tee is installed additional.The matching being realized thermoacoustic engine system and external load by the length controlling non-loop tee branch is regulated.
And tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
The adjustability of this thermoacoustic engine system is mainly reflected in: 1. thermo-acoustic engine progression is adjustable; 2. regenerator adjustable length; 3. system self-excited oscillatory frequency is adjustable; 4. pressure wave and speed wave phase-adjustable; 5. system and external load matched adjustable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the adjustable single-stage row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in the utilization of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the capable ripple thermoacoustic engine system of adjustable twin-stage of temperature-heat-source in the utilization of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the hot sound nuclear structure schematic diagram of the adjustable regenerator length of the thermoacoustic engine system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the flange thickening pad structural representation of thermoacoustic engine system embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the hot sound core tube-in-tube structure schematic diagram of thermoacoustic engine system of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in a kind of utilization, comprise at least one row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit, the present embodiment adopts one or two row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit, feedback control loop, resonatron, modulating valve, load and the flange connector of necessity and the loop configuration of T-shaped threeway composition.Thermo-acoustic engine unit comprises the main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger, regenerator, the hot device in hot junction, thermal buffer channel, the secondary room temperature cool end heat exchanger that are connected successively.The adjustability of this thermoacoustic engine system is mainly reflected in: 1. thermo-acoustic engine progression is adjustable; 2. regenerator adjustable length; 3. system self-excited oscillatory frequency is adjustable; 4. pressure wave and speed wave phase-adjustable; 5. system and external load matched adjustable.
For making object of the present invention, technological scheme and advantage clearly, clearly, developing simultaneously referring to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail for embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
embodiment 1
Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the adjustable single-stage row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in the utilization of first embodiment of the invention.The adjustable single-stage row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilization shown in Fig. 1, comprise in turn be connected:
For cooled gas working medium, ensure constant first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101) under ambient temperature of plane that the first regenerator (102) contacts with it simultaneously;
For there is first regenerator (102) of thermoacoustic effect;
For to system input heat energy, ensure constant the first hot end heat exchanger (103) at relatively-high temperature temperature of plane that the first regenerator (102) contacts with it simultaneously;
First thermal buffer channel (104) of hot short circuit phenomenon is there is for preventing the first hot end heat exchanger (103) from directly contacting with first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105);
For absorbing first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105) of the waste heat be not completely eliminated because of electrostatic heat conduction or Rayleigh acoustic streaming;
For connecting the T-shaped threeway (106) of resonatron (107) and feedback control loop;
And for the feedback control loop of transport gas working medium and adjust system sound-filed simulation;
The non-loop arm of described T-shaped threeway (106) is connected with the resonatron (107) for exporting sound merit and load (108).Here, the self-excited oscillatory frequency of single-stage row ripple thermoacoustic engine system can be controlled by the resonatron 107 changing different length, realize the matched well of load and system simultaneously according to the frequency characteristic exported.
Described feedback control loop comprises five sections of resonance straight tubes (109a, 109c, 113), two U-shaped bend pipe 109b, one section of reducer pipe, 112, eight pairs of flanges 110 and modulating valve 111, the adjustment of system internal pressure ripple and speed wave phase place can be realized, simultaneously the size of control system output power by the aperture of regulating and controlling valve 111.
Namely in the present embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1, described feedback control loop comprises the first resonance straight tube (109a) for transmitting gas working medium be connected successively, first U-shaped bend pipe (109b), second resonance straight tube (109c), be connected with the second resonance straight tube (109c) for transmit gas working medium the 3rd resonance straight tube (113), 4th resonance straight tube (109d), second U-shaped bend pipe (109e), 5th resonance straight tube (109f), and one section of first reducer pipe (112) for water conservancy diversion, first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101) is connected to by described reducer pipe (112),
Be arranged through flange (110) to connect in each several part joint of described feedback control loop;
And modulating valve (111) is set in described 3rd resonance straight tube (113), the adjustment of system internal pressure ripple and speed wave phase place can be realized by the aperture of regulating and controlling valve (111), simultaneously the size of control system output power;
The internal diameter of described first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105) and modulating valve is equal with the internal diameter of resonatron 106.In the embodiment of the present invention, described resonatron (107) is detachably connected on the non-loop arm of described T-shaped threeway (106), and the resonatron (107) of replaceable different length carrys out the self-excited oscillatory frequency of control lines ripple thermoacoustic engine system.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, described first hot end heat exchanger 103 is connected with temperature-heat-source in, by the heat absorbing thermal source, the first hot end heat exchanger 103 temperature is raised rapidly, forms temperature end.First main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101 and for the first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105 are connected to form indoor temperature end with a room temperature or lower than room temperature thermal source.First regenerator 102 one end connects with the first hot end heat exchanger 103 (temperature end), the other end connects with first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101 (indoor temperature end), make the first regenerator 102 forms certain temperature gradient, under the effect of this temperature gradient, there is thermoacoustic effect, achieve the conversion of heat energy to sound merit.The sound merit produced is successively by the first hot end heat exchanger 103, first thermal buffer channel 104, for the first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105, resonatron 107 is entered at T-shaped threeway place part sound wave, finally consumed by end load 108, another part sound wave is propagated along feedback control loop vibration, by the first resonance straight tube 109a, the first U-shaped bend pipe 109b, the second resonance straight tube 109c, modulating valve 111, the 3rd resonance straight tube 113 and reducer pipe 112, finally reenter hot sound core TAE1, make the Traveling wave of system mineralization pressure phase place and volume flow rate phase
The sectional flow area of described hot sound core TAE1 (first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101, first regenerator 102, first hot end heat exchanger 103), reducer pipe 112 and the first thermal buffer channel 104 is greater than the sectional flow area of room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105, resonatron 107, feedback control loop and modulating valve 111 for the first time.Large hot sound core TAE1 cross-section area effectively can reduce the hunting speed of gas working medium in regenerator, thus reduces the viscosity loss in regenerator.
The sectional flow area of described resonatron 107 and feedback control loop is 1/4 of described regenerator 102 sectional flow area.Can ensure that the first regenerator 102 is in the acoustic impedance position of system like this, also can reduce the viscosity loss of gas oscillation in resonatron 107 simultaneously.
Described first time, room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105 was equal with the internal diameter of resonatron 106 with the internal diameter of modulating valve 111.
In embodiment 1 shown in this Fig. 1, described be in turn connected for cooled gas working medium, ensure constant first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101) under ambient temperature of plane that the first regenerator (102) contacts with it simultaneously, for there is first regenerator (102) of thermoacoustic effect, for inputting heat energy to system, ensure constant the first hot end heat exchanger (103) at relatively-high temperature temperature of plane that the first regenerator (102) contacts with it simultaneously, first thermal buffer channel (104) of hot short circuit phenomenon is there is for preventing the first hot end heat exchanger (103) from directly contacting with first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105), first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105) for absorbing the waste heat be not completely eliminated because of electrostatic heat conduction or Rayleigh acoustic streaming forms first order row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit.
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in described utilization, one section of longer straight tube in single-stage thermoacoustic engine system feedback control loop can be replaced to thermo-acoustic engine unit, thus achieve the conversion of single-stage thermoacoustic engine system to the capable ripple thermoacoustic engine system of twin-stage, as described in Example 2.
embodiment 2
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in the utilization of second embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, in the utilization shown in Fig. 1 temperature-heat-source adjustable single-stage row ripple thermoacoustic engine system basis on, one section of longer straight tube (113) in single-stage thermoacoustic engine system feedback control loop is replaced to second level thermo-acoustic engine unit, thus achieves the conversion of single-stage thermoacoustic engine system to the capable ripple thermoacoustic engine system of twin-stage.Two-stage row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit is comprised in the capable ripple thermoacoustic engine system of described twin-stage.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the capable ripple thermoacoustic engine system of adjustable twin-stage of temperature-heat-source in the utilization of second embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 2, resonance straight tube 113 in described single-stage row ripple thermo-acoustic engine is replaced to second level row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit, described second level row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit also comprise in turn be connected: the second reducer pipe (112b) be connected with the second resonance straight tube (109c), for cooled gas working medium, ensure constant second main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101b) under ambient temperature of plane that the second regenerator (102b) contacts with it simultaneously, for there is second regenerator (102b) of thermoacoustic effect, for inputting heat energy to system, ensure constant the second hot end heat exchanger (103b) at relatively-high temperature temperature of plane that the second regenerator (102b) contacts with it simultaneously, second thermal buffer channel (104b) of hot short circuit phenomenon is there is for preventing the second hot end heat exchanger (103b) from directly contacting with second time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105b), for absorbing the second time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105b) of the waste heat be not completely eliminated because of electrostatic heat conduction or Rayleigh acoustic streaming, then single-stage row ripple thermoacoustic engine system is just converted to the capable ripple thermoacoustic engine system of twin-stage.The resonatron 107 (Fig. 1) of described single-stage row ripple thermoacoustic engine system becomes the load adapter 107 (Fig. 2) of the capable ripple thermoacoustic engine system of twin-stage, and the feedback control loop of described single-stage row ripple thermoacoustic engine system is the resonance endless tube of twin-stage thermoacoustic engine system.
Shown in Fig. 2, in the capable ripple thermoacoustic engine system of described twin-stage, comprise two-stage row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit, and with resonatron looping structure.Chopped-off head capable ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit comprise in turn be connected for cooled gas working medium, ensure constant first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101) under ambient temperature of plane that the first regenerator (102) contacts with it simultaneously, for there is first regenerator (102) of thermoacoustic effect, for inputting heat energy to system, ensure constant the first hot end heat exchanger (103) at relatively-high temperature temperature of plane that the first regenerator (102) contacts with it simultaneously, first thermal buffer channel (104) of hot short circuit phenomenon is there is for preventing the first hot end heat exchanger (103) from directly contacting with first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105), first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105) for absorbing the waste heat be not completely eliminated because of electrostatic heat conduction or Rayleigh acoustic streaming forms first order row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit.Described first time, room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105 connected with T-shaped threeway 106, and the first resonance straight tube (109a) connected in turn for transmitting gas working medium, first U-shaped bend pipe (109b), second resonance straight tube (109c), be connected with the second resonance straight tube (109c) for transmit gas working medium the 3rd resonance straight tube (113), 4th resonance straight tube (109d), second U-shaped bend pipe (109e), 5th resonance straight tube (109f), and one section of first reducer pipe (112) for water conservancy diversion.The non-loop arm of described T-shaped threeway 106 is connected with resonatron (107) and load 108, can by changing the matching between the length adjustment system of load adapter 107 and load.
Secondary row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit and second level row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit, described second level row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit also comprise in turn be connected: the second reducer pipe (112b) be connected with the second resonance straight tube (109c), for cooled gas working medium, ensure constant second main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101b) under ambient temperature of plane that the second regenerator (102b) contacts with it simultaneously, for there is second regenerator (102b) of thermoacoustic effect, for inputting heat energy to system, ensure constant the second hot end heat exchanger (103b) at relatively-high temperature temperature of plane that the second regenerator (102b) contacts with it simultaneously, second thermal buffer channel (104b) of hot short circuit phenomenon is there is for preventing the second hot end heat exchanger (103b) from directly contacting with second time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105b), for absorbing the second time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105b) of the waste heat be not completely eliminated because of electrostatic heat conduction or Rayleigh acoustic streaming, for transmitting the 4th resonance straight tube (109d) be connected with second time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105b) of gas working medium, the second U-shaped bend pipe (109e), the 5th resonance straight tube (109f) and one section of first reducer pipe (112) for water conservancy diversion,
First main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101) is connected to by described reducer pipe (112);
Be arranged through flange (110) to connect in each several part joint of described feedback control loop;
And modulating valve (111) is provided with in described second reducer pipe (112b);
The adjustment of system internal pressure ripple and speed wave phase place can be realized, simultaneously the size of control system output power by the aperture of regulating and controlling valve (111).By changing the resonance straight tube (109a, 109c) of different length, make the total length of resonatron be 1/4 wavelength, 1/2 wavelength or 3/4 wavelength, thus realize the adjustment to row ripple thermoacoustic engine system frequency.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101 and the second main chamber temperature cool end heat exchanger 101b, its effect is the temperature of gas working medium in reduction system, ensures that the plane that regenerator (102,102b) contacts with it is constant under ambient temperature simultaneously;
First regenerator 102 and the second regenerator 102b is the critical piece that thermoacoustic effect occurs;
First hot end heat exchanger 103 and the second hot end heat exchanger, its effect is to system input heat energy, ensures that the plane that regenerator (102,102b) contacts with it is constant at the temperature of relatively-high temperature simultaneously;
First thermal buffer channel 104 and the second thermal buffer channel 104b, its effect prevents hot end heat exchanger (103,103b) and secondary room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105,105b) from directly contacting and hot short circuit phenomenon occurs;
Room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105 and second time room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105b for the first time, for absorbing the waste heat be not completely eliminated because of electrostatic heat conduction or Rayleigh acoustic streaming;
T-shaped threeway 106, its effect is for connecting resonatron (107) and feedback control loop;
Resonatron (single-stage) and load adapter (twin-stage) 107, for output system sound merit and connection load 108;
Load 108, can be small power generator or Thermoacoustic engine refrigerator;
First resonance straight tube 109a, the first U-shaped bend pipe 109b, the second resonance straight tube 109c, the 3rd resonance straight tube 113, the 4th resonance straight tube 109d, the second U-shaped bend pipe 109e and the 5th resonance straight tube 109f, its effect is gas working medium in delivery system, simultaneously also can decision systems sound-filed simulation;
Flange 110, its effect is that every section of pipeline is connected to become a loop, ensures the sealing of system simultaneously;
Modulating valve 111, its effect is for adjust system internal pressure ripple and speed wave phase place, simultaneously the size of control system output power;
Reducer pipe 112, its effect plays guide functions when the system abrupt change of cross-section, prevents that larger viscosity loss produces;
Hot sound core sleeve 114, its effect is for main chamber's temperature cooler (101,101b), regenerator (102,102b), heater (103,103b) provide a carrier, and gas working medium is worked in a sealed meter environment.
Flange thickening pad 123, its effect is the length for regulating regenerator (102,102b).
Preferably, described hot end heat exchanger 103 is connected with temperature-heat-source in, by the heat absorbing thermal source, hot end heat exchanger 103 temperature is raised rapidly, forms temperature end.Main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101 and secondary room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105 are connected to form indoor temperature end with a room temperature or lower than room temperature thermal source.
Regenerator 102 one end connects with hot end heat exchanger 103 (temperature end), the other end connects with main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101 (indoor temperature end), make regenerator 102 forms certain temperature gradient, under the effect of this temperature gradient, there is thermoacoustic effect, achieve the conversion of heat energy to sound merit.The sound merit that chopped-off head thermo-acoustic engine unit exports is amplified again at regenerator 102 place of secondary thermo-acoustic engine unit, the sound merit of amplifying exports along the hot end heat exchanger 103 of secondary thermo-acoustic engine unit, thermal buffer channel 104, secondary room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105 and resonatron 109, and enter into third level thermo-acoustic engine unit by reducer pipe 112, in fact be exactly chopped-off head thermo-acoustic engine unit, circulation like this is also continuous from load adapter 107 output sound merit, drives load 108 to work.
The sectional flow area of hot sound core part TAE1, the TAE2 (main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101, regenerator 102, hot end heat exchanger 103) of described twin-stage capable ripple thermoacoustic engine system, reducer pipe 112 and thermal buffer channel 104 is greater than the sectional flow area of time room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105, load adapter 107, resonatron 109 and modulating valve 111.Larger hot sound core TAE1 cross-section area effectively can reduce the hunting speed of gas working medium in regenerator, thus reduces the viscosity loss in regenerator.
The sectional flow area of described resonatron 109 and load adapter 107 is 1/4 of regenerator 102 sectional flow area in every grade of hot sound core.Can ensure that regenerator 102 is in the acoustic impedance position of system like this, also can reduce the viscosity loss of gas oscillation in resonatron 106 simultaneously.
The internal diameter of described room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105 and modulating valve 111 is equal with the internal diameter of resonatron 106.
Hot sound nuclear unit in described row ripple thermoacoustic engine system, is made up of main chamber's temperature cooler, regenerator, hot end heat exchanger, flange thickening pad and hot sound core sleeve.As shown in Figure 3, the hot sound nuclear structure (TAE1, TAE2) of thermo-acoustic engine described in the embodiment of the present invention, by first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101, first regenerator 102, first hot end heat exchanger 103, for regulating the flange thickening pad 123 of regenerator length and for carrying first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101, first regenerator 102, first hot end heat exchanger 103, the hot sound core sleeve 114 making gas working medium work in a sealed meter environment forms the hot sound nuclear structure of thermo-acoustic engine first simultaneously; During assembling, first being inserted by the first hot end heat exchanger 103 in hot sound core sleeve 114, owing to being in the vibration environment of alternation fluid when the first hot end heat exchanger 103 works, therefore is interference fit between the first hot end heat exchanger 103 and hot sound core sleeve 114; Secondly the first regenerator 102 is inserted in hot sound core sleeve 114, and contact with the first hot end heat exchanger 103 is seamless.Then main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101 is inserted in hot sound core sleeve 114, and contact with the first regenerator 102 is seamless; Finally install flange thickening pad (123) and flange gasket additional by system sealing.Therefore, the flange thickening pad 123 of the corresponding certain length of regenerator 102 of each certain length, can carry out the adjustment of discreteness in this way to the regenerator length of row ripple thermoacoustic engine system.
As shown in Figure 4, described flange thickening pad 123 has complementary type structure, and side can be docked with M type male and female flange, and opposite side can dock with F type male and female flange, and material is stainless steel.
As shown in Figure 5, the length of described hot sound core sleeve 114 is greater than main chamber's temperature cooler 101, regenerator 102 and hot end heat exchanger 103 length sum, and concrete length is determined according to the length change threshold value of regenerator.
The present invention, the sectional flow area of described hot sound nuclear unit (main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger, regenerator, hot end heat exchanger), reducer pipe and thermal buffer channel is greater than the sectional flow area of time room temperature cool end heat exchanger, modulating valve and resonatron.
The present invention, the sectional flow area that (twin-stage) is taken in described feedback control loop (single-stage), resonatron (single-stage or twin-stage) and load is 1/4 of described regenerator sectional flow area.Can ensure that regenerator is in the acoustic impedance position of system like this, also can reduce the viscosity loss of gas oscillation in resonatron simultaneously.
To sum up, in a kind of utilization provided by the present invention, the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source, can realize the manual switchover between single-stage row ripple thermo-acoustic engine and the capable ripple thermo-acoustic engine of twin-stage.Resonance straight tube 113 in described single-stage row ripple thermo-acoustic engine is replaced to the reducer pipe 112, main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger 101, regenerator 102, hot end heat exchanger 103, thermal buffer channel 104 and the secondary room temperature cool end heat exchanger 105 that connect in turn, be just converted to the capable ripple thermoacoustic engine system of twin-stage.
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilization provided by the present invention, owing to have employed the correct position increase at least one-level thermo-acoustic engine unit 1. in traditional row ripple thermo-acoustic engine loop, sound merit is amplified in the loop step by step, reach raising system thermal efficiency, the object of reduction system oscillating temperature, and manual switchover between single-stage thermo-acoustic engine and twin-stage thermo-acoustic engine can be accomplished simultaneously; 2. apply a kind of thermoacoustic nuclear structure in the present invention, can realize regulating the discreteness of regenerator length by this structure; 3. thermo-acoustic engine loop is divided into some sections, every section with Flange joint, by changing the resonance pipeline section of different length, makes the total length of resonatron be 1/4 wavelength, 1/2 wavelength or 3/4 wavelength, thus realizes the frequency adjustment to row ripple thermoacoustic engine system; 4. the correct position in thermo-acoustic engine loop installs modulating valve additional, by the aperture of regulating and controlling valve, realize the phase adjusted to pressure surge in system and speed fluctuation, and ensure that regenerator is in system acoustic impedance region, the object controlling output sound merit can also be reached simultaneously; 5. in thermo-acoustic engine loop, equal tee is installed additional.The matching being realized thermoacoustic engine system and external load by the length controlling non-loop tee branch is regulated.
And tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
The adjustability of this thermoacoustic engine system is mainly reflected in: 1. thermo-acoustic engine progression is adjustable; 2. regenerator adjustable length; 3. system self-excited oscillatory frequency is adjustable; 4. pressure wave and speed wave phase-adjustable; 5. system and external load matched adjustable.
Should be understood that, application of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned citing, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilizing, is characterized in that, comprises being connected in turn:
For cooled gas working medium, ensure constant first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101) under ambient temperature of plane that the first regenerator (102) contacts with it simultaneously;
For there is first regenerator (102) of thermoacoustic effect;
For to system input heat energy, ensure constant the first hot end heat exchanger (103) at relatively-high temperature temperature of plane that the first regenerator (102) contacts with it simultaneously;
First thermal buffer channel (104) of hot short circuit phenomenon is there is for preventing the first hot end heat exchanger (103) from directly contacting with first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105);
For absorbing first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105) of the waste heat be not completely eliminated because of electrostatic heat conduction or Rayleigh acoustic streaming;
For connecting the T-shaped threeway (106) of resonatron (107) and feedback control loop;
And for the feedback control loop of transport gas working medium and adjust system sound-filed simulation;
The non-loop arm of described T-shaped threeway (106) is connected with the resonatron (107) for exporting sound merit and load (108).
2. the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described feedback control loop comprises the first resonance straight tube (109a), the first U-shaped bend pipe (109b), the second resonance straight tube (109c) for the transmitting gas working medium that are connected successively.
3. the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilization according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described feedback control loop also comprises that order arranges: be connected with the second resonance straight tube (109c) for transmit gas working medium the 3rd resonance straight tube (113), the 4th resonance straight tube (109d), the second U-shaped bend pipe (109e), the 5th resonance straight tube (109f) and one section of first reducer pipe (112) for water conservancy diversion,
First main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101) is connected to by described reducer pipe (112);
Be arranged through flange (110) to connect in each several part joint of described feedback control loop;
And modulating valve (111) is set in described 3rd resonance straight tube (113), the adjustment of system internal pressure ripple and speed wave phase place can be realized by the aperture of regulating and controlling valve (111), simultaneously the size of control system output power;
The internal diameter of described first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105) and modulating valve is equal with the internal diameter of resonatron 106.
4. the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described resonatron (107) is detachably connected on the non-loop arm of described T-shaped threeway (106), and the resonatron (107) of replaceable different length carrys out the self-excited oscillatory frequency of control lines ripple thermoacoustic engine system.
5. the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described be in turn connected for cooled gas working medium, ensure constant first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101) under ambient temperature of plane that the first regenerator (102) contacts with it simultaneously, for there is first regenerator (102) of thermoacoustic effect, for inputting heat energy to system, ensure constant the first hot end heat exchanger (103) at relatively-high temperature temperature of plane that the first regenerator (102) contacts with it simultaneously, first thermal buffer channel (104) of hot short circuit phenomenon is there is for preventing the first hot end heat exchanger (103) from directly contacting with first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105), first time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105) for absorbing the waste heat be not completely eliminated because of electrostatic heat conduction or Rayleigh acoustic streaming forms first order row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit,
Described the first hot end heat exchanger (103) is connected with temperature-heat-source in.
6. the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilization according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, feedback control loop is provided with second level row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit, described second level row ripple thermo-acoustic engine unit also comprise in turn be connected: the second reducer pipe (112b) be connected with the second resonance straight tube (109c), for cooled gas working medium, ensure constant second main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101b) under ambient temperature of plane that the second regenerator (102b) contacts with it simultaneously, for there is second regenerator (102b) of thermoacoustic effect, for inputting heat energy to system, ensure constant the second hot end heat exchanger (103b) at relatively-high temperature temperature of plane that the second regenerator (102b) contacts with it simultaneously, second thermal buffer channel (104b) of hot short circuit phenomenon is there is for preventing the second hot end heat exchanger (103b) from directly contacting with second time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105b), for absorbing the second time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105b) of the waste heat be not completely eliminated because of electrostatic heat conduction or Rayleigh acoustic streaming.
7. the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilization according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described feedback control loop is also provided with and connects successively: for transmitting the 4th resonance straight tube (109d) be connected with second time room temperature cool end heat exchanger (105b) of gas working medium, the second U-shaped bend pipe (109e), the 5th resonance straight tube (109f) and one section of first reducer pipe (112) for water conservancy diversion;
First main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101) is connected to by described reducer pipe (112);
Be arranged through flange (110) to connect in each several part joint of described feedback control loop;
And modulating valve (111) is provided with in described second reducer pipe (112b);
The adjustment of system internal pressure ripple and speed wave phase place can be realized, simultaneously the size of control system output power by the aperture of regulating and controlling valve (111).
8. the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilization according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, by first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101), the first regenerator (102), the first hot end heat exchanger (103), for regulating the flange thickening pad (123) of regenerator length and for carrying first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101), the first regenerator (102), the first hot end heat exchanger (103), the hot sound nuclear structure of hot sound core sleeve (114) composition thermo-acoustic engine first simultaneously making gas working medium work in a sealed meter environment; During assembling, first the first hot end heat exchanger (103) is inserted in hot sound core sleeve (114), owing to being in the vibration environment of alternation fluid when the first hot end heat exchanger (103) works, therefore be interference fit between the first hot end heat exchanger (103) and hot sound core sleeve (114); Secondly the first regenerator (102) is inserted in hot sound core sleeve (114), and contact with the first hot end heat exchanger (103) is seamless.
9. then main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101) is inserted in hot sound core sleeve (114), and contact with the first regenerator (102) is seamless; Finally install flange thickening pad (123) and flange gasket additional by system sealing.
10. the adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in utilization according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, the length of described hot sound core sleeve is greater than the length sum of first main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101), the first regenerator (102) and the first hot end heat exchanger (103);
Described flange thickening pad has complementary type structure, and side can be docked with M type male and female flange, and opposite side can dock with F type male and female flange, and material is stainless steel.
The adjustable row ripple thermoacoustic engine system of temperature-heat-source in 11. utilizations according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, form the hot sound nuclear structure of thermo-acoustic engine second by second main chamber's temperature cool end heat exchanger (101b), the second regenerator (102b), the second hot end heat exchanger (103b), flange thickening pad (123) and hot sound core sleeve (114).
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Application publication date: 20160427 Assignee: Guangzhou Senyu automation machinery design Co.,Ltd. Assignor: DONGGUAN University OF TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2022980027704 Denomination of invention: An adjustable traveling-wave thermoacoustic heat engine system using medium-temperature heat source Granted publication date: 20180522 License type: Common License Record date: 20221230 |
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