CN105525079A - Nano-crystal stainless steel plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nano-crystal stainless steel plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105525079A CN105525079A CN201410564341.1A CN201410564341A CN105525079A CN 105525079 A CN105525079 A CN 105525079A CN 201410564341 A CN201410564341 A CN 201410564341A CN 105525079 A CN105525079 A CN 105525079A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nano-crystal stainless steel plate and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of rolling of nano-crystal and metal material. According to the invention, common industrial stainless steel is selected, and the method comprises the steps of 1, hot rolling; 2, high temperature annealing, wherein the temperature ranges from 900 DEG C to 1000 DEG C and the time ranges from 2 hours to 5 hours; 3, deep and cold rolling and obtaining the nano-crystal stainless steel plate, wherein the deformation degree of cold rolling ranges from 70% to 90%. According to the nano-crystal stainless steel plate and the preparation method thereof, the selection range of the material is wide, the method is simple, compared with existing stainless steel and nano-crystal stainless steel, the tensile strength is improved, the material plasticity is greatly improved, the ductility ranges from 25% to 30%, and most practical engineering requirements can be met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rolling technical field that is nanocrystalline and metallic substance, be specifically related to a kind of nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In existing new and high technology, nanocrystalline material to be prepared in home and abroad prevailing, the mainly rare gas element evaporation of its method, add in-place compacting is standby, and weak point is: because powder technology is not easily grasped, and the size in cavity and distribution are difficult to consistent, unstable properties, someone thinks that the modular ratio bulk sample of nanocrystalline material reduces more than 50%, and separately someone thinks that the Young's modulus of nanocrystalline material reduces and is no more than 8%, and somebody not thinks and reduces.In addition, nanocrystalline material will become structured material, need make large sample, and current method is difficult to accomplish, therefore its mechanical property great majority can only measure Vickers' hardness, is difficult to do standard tensile performance test, and the application of structured material aspect is restricted.In recent years, Russia R.Z.Valiev advocates (R.Z.Valiev, etal.Prog.MaterSci., 45 (2000) 103-189)) prepare nano crystal metal material with degree of depth Cold-forming process, find after only having done forging test: its weave construction is very uneven, think that all traditional complete processings are all not suitable for preparing nanocrystalline material.But in fact, severe rolling method is prepared nano-crystalline stainless steel materials and is had not yet to see report.
Stainless material at automobile and shipping industry (such as; car, motor bus, train, subway car, car used for high-speed railway and naval vessel etc.); environment protection industry (as water treatment) building materials industry, household electrical appliances metal products field etc. has widespread use.But although the nano crystal metal material tensile strength of preparation at present increases, but also there is plasticity poor (unit elongation is less than 8%), and resistance to corrosion such as to have much room for improvement at the problem, so that in above-mentioned field, many nano crystal metal materials cannot be applied.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned weak point of prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material and preparation method thereof, the raw-material range of choice of the present invention is wide, method is simple, suitable for industrial requirement.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of nano-crystalline stainless steel preparation of plates method, the method selects general industry stainless steel metal material, operates as follows: 1) hot rolling; 2) high temperature annealing: temperature is within the scope of 900 ~ 1000 DEG C, and the time is 2 ~ 5 hours; 3) deep cold rolling: cold roller and deformed degree is 70 ~ 90%, obtains nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material.
The nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material tensile strength prepared through aforesaid method is 560 ~ 680MPa, and unit elongation is 25 ~ 30%, far above existing nano-crystalline stainless steel materials, can meet most of actual requirement of engineering.
The oxidation-resistance property (900 DEG C, air) of nano-crystalline stainless steel of the present invention is higher than common stainless steel, and the oxidation rate of nano-crystalline stainless steel is 1/2nd of common stainless steel.Its linear expansivity is (1.10-1.85) × 10
– 5/ K, specific heat at constant pressure is 502-591J/kg.K.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the range of choice of material is wide.Because any stainless steel all can rolling processing, the material special with prior art could be prepared compared with the method for nanocrystalline material, and the use traditional technology that the present invention has broken R.Z.Valiev can not make the view of nano material.
2, method is simple, convenient operation.Because the cold working of producing steel from 40, the fifties is a lot, technical maturity, the present invention is suitable for conventional calendering process, and it does not relate to some problems that other techniques are brought, and as the stability of powder technology, pressure knot density etc., so very convenient.
3, large sample sizes can be done, suitable for industrial requirement.Adopt the present invention's normative heat treatment, hot rolling and the cold rolling sample size produced can meet (only relevant with the rolling mill used) needed for user.Compared with prior art, product mechanical property of the present invention is more excellent, and sample size can do standard tensile performance test.
4, the nano-crystalline stainless steel materials prepared of the present invention is compared with existing stainless steel and nano-crystalline stainless steel, while tensile strength improves (tensile strength is 560 ~ 680MPa), material plasticity more excellent (unit elongation is 25 ~ 30%), can meet most of actual requirement of engineering.
5, the product corrosion resistance nature adopting the present invention to prepare is more excellent, and its oxidation-resistance property (900 DEG C, air) and oxidation rate are all higher than common stainless steel and existing nano-crystalline stainless steel product.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment, operates for starting material as follows with 304 stainless steels (Φ 20):
1, hot rolling: 304 stainless steels are rolled to 4 mm thick;
2, thermal treatment: high temperature annealing, high temperature to 920 DEG C, keeps 2 hours;
3, cold rolling: by 4 mm thick stainless-steel cold-rollings after heat treatment to 0.8 millimeter, it is cold roller and deformed is 90% by length computation, namely obtains nano-crystalline stainless steel materials of the present invention.
The nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material that the present embodiment can be made [0.8 × 35mm × grow arbitrarily], by X-ray and TEM (transmission electron microscope) analysis, its crystal grain reaches nanoscale scope, and grain fineness number test result is in table 1.
Table 1 is embodiment 1 grain fineness number test result
| Grain fineness number (on average) | Testing method | Measuring unit |
| 15nm* | X-ray | Metal Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| 40nm | Transmission electron microscope | Metal Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences |
Wherein: * has deducted unrelieved stress effect in sample.
Nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material prepared by the present embodiment directly can do standard tensile test.As long as the ability of cold working equipment is enough large, more much larger nanocrystalline material all may be made.
The nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material tensile strength prepared through aforesaid method is 600MPa, unit elongation is 30%, the oxidation-resistance property of nano-crystalline stainless steel (900 DEG C, air) higher than common stainless steel, the oxidation rate of nano-crystalline stainless steel is 1/2nd of common stainless steel, can meet most of actual requirement of engineering.
The nano-crystalline stainless steel stability of preparation is better, and its linear expansivity is 1.14-1.62 × 10
– 5/ K (150 ~ 300K), specific heat at constant pressure is 538-580J/kg.K (150 ~ 300K).
Comparative example 1
1. hot rolling: select general industry metallic substance as general industry technique stainless steel (the present embodiment adopts 304 stainless steels, Φ 20), described stainless steel is rolled to 4 mm thick;
2. thermal treatment: high temperature annealing, high temperature to 1100 DEG C, keeps 2 hours;
3. cold rolling: 4 mm thick stainless materials are cold rolled to 0.8 millimeter, it is cold roller and deformed is 98% by length computation, namely obtains nano-crystalline stainless steel materials.
The nano-crystalline stainless steel that the embodiment of the present invention can be made [0.8 × 35mm × grow arbitrarily], by X-ray and TEM (transmission electron microscope) analysis, crystal grain of the present invention has reached nanoscale scope, and grain fineness number test result is in table 2.
Table 2 is embodiment 1 grain fineness number test result
| Grain fineness number (on average) | Testing method | Measuring unit |
| 22nm* | X-ray | Metal Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| 69nm | Transmission electron microscope | Metal Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences |
Wherein: * has deducted unrelieved stress effect in sample.
The nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material tensile strength prepared through aforesaid method is 450MPa, and unit elongation is 8%, much smaller than embodiment 1.
The linear expansivity of the nano-crystalline stainless steel of this example preparation is (2.42-2.98) × 10
– 5/ K (150 ~ 300K), specific heat at constant pressure is 620-659J/kg.K (150 ~ 300K).
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment, operates for starting material as follows with 304 stainless steels (Φ 30):
1. hot rolling: 304 stainless steels are rolled to 4 mm thick;
2. thermal treatment: high temperature annealing, high temperature to 960 DEG C, keeps 5 hours;
3. cold rolling: by 4 mm thick stainless-steel cold-rollings after heat treatment to 1.0 millimeters, it is cold roller and deformed is 85% by length computation, namely obtains nano-crystalline stainless steel materials of the present invention.
The nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material that the present embodiment can be made [1.0 × 45mm × grow arbitrarily], by X-ray and TEM (transmission electron microscope) analysis, its crystal grain reaches nanoscale scope, and grain fineness number test result is in table 3.
Table 3 is embodiment 1 grain fineness number test result
| Grain fineness number (on average) | Testing method | Measuring unit |
| 18nm* | X-ray | Metal Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| 35nm | Transmission electron microscope | Metal Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences |
[0045] wherein: * has deducted unrelieved stress effect in sample.
Nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material prepared by the present embodiment directly can do standard tensile test.As long as the ability of cold working equipment is enough large, more much larger nanocrystalline material all may be made.
The nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material tensile strength prepared through aforesaid method is 650MPa, and unit elongation is 28%, can meet most of actual requirement of engineering.
The oxidation-resistance property (900 DEG C, air) of nano-crystalline stainless steel is higher than common stainless steel, and the oxidation rate of nano-crystalline stainless steel is 1/2nd of common stainless steel.
The nano-crystalline stainless steel stability of this example preparation is better, and its linear expansivity is (1.22-1.71) × 10
– 5/ K (150 ~ 300K), specific heat at constant pressure is 511-540J/kg.K (150 ~ 300K).
Claims (3)
1. a nano-crystalline stainless steel preparation of plates method, is characterized in that: the method selects general industry stainless material, operates as follows:
1) hot rolling;
2) high temperature annealing: annealing temperature 900-1000 DEG C, annealing time 2-5 hour;
3) deep cold rolling: cold roller and deformed degree is 70-90%, obtains nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material.
2. according to nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material prepared by method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material tensile strength is 560-680MPa, and unit elongation is 25-30%.
3. according to nano-crystalline stainless steel sheet material according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described nano-crystalline stainless steel its linear expansivity in 150 ~ 300K temperature range is (1.10-1.85) × 10
– 5/ K, specific heat at constant pressure is 502-591J/kg.K.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106282833A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-04 | 江苏锦阳不锈钢制品有限公司 | A kind of anti-corrosion and high strength stainless steel material and manufacture method thereof |
| CN112210726A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-12 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Ultrahigh-strength nanocrystalline 40Cr2NiMnW structural steel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1410561A (en) * | 2001-10-10 | 2003-04-16 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Deep cold rolling method of nano crystal metal material |
| CN1966735A (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2007-05-23 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Process for preparing nano-crystalline stainless steel materials |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1410561A (en) * | 2001-10-10 | 2003-04-16 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Deep cold rolling method of nano crystal metal material |
| CN1966735A (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2007-05-23 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Process for preparing nano-crystalline stainless steel materials |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106282833A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-04 | 江苏锦阳不锈钢制品有限公司 | A kind of anti-corrosion and high strength stainless steel material and manufacture method thereof |
| CN112210726A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-12 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Ultrahigh-strength nanocrystalline 40Cr2NiMnW structural steel and preparation method thereof |
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