CN105524704A - Method for extracting microbial oil by using kitchen garbage - Google Patents
Method for extracting microbial oil by using kitchen garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN105524704A CN105524704A CN201510948222.0A CN201510948222A CN105524704A CN 105524704 A CN105524704 A CN 105524704A CN 201510948222 A CN201510948222 A CN 201510948222A CN 105524704 A CN105524704 A CN 105524704A
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- food waste
- powder
- changing food
- kitchen garbage
- microbial oil
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/025—Pretreatment by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting microbial oil by using kitchen garbage, and belongs to the technical field of microbial oil extraction. The method comprises the steps: with the kitchen garbage as a raw material, firstly, stirring flour, a collected juice liquid and other herbal medicines, kneading into a dough, allowing the dough to go mouldy, growing mould, transferring the mould into the kitchen garbage according to a proportion, then mixing the mould and the kitchen garbage evenly, carrying out anaerobic breeding and aerobic breeding of microorganisms, then transferring the mixture after aerobiotic treatment into the kitchen garbage according to the same proportion, carrying out anaerobic breeding and aerobic breeding, killing with X-rays, filtering to make slag remain, roasting to dry with charcoal fire, grinding into a powder in a stone mill, steaming the powder with stream, then wrapping the powder with rice straw while the powder is hot, tightening into an annular shape with an iron hoop, squeezing with a timber pile, and filtering to obtain the microbial oil. The method has the beneficial effects that the oil extraction rate is more than or equal to 20% higher than that of other methods; and the kitchen garbage is fully utilized for extracting the microbial oil, so not only is the pollution problem of the kitchen garbage to the environment solved, but also sustainable regeneration utilization of resources is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing changing food waste to extract microbial oil, belong to microbial oil extractive technique field.
Background technology
Microbial oil, also known as Unicell Oils and Fats, is utilize that carbohydrate, hydrocarbon polymer and common grease are carbon source under certain condition by microorganisms such as yeast, mould, bacterium and algae, nitrogenous source, be aided with the grease of production of inorganic and other have commercial value lipid.At present, the raw material of production biofuel is in the world still based on vegetables oil, and raw materials cost accounts for 70% ~ 85% of total cost of production.The microorganism that can produce grease has yeast, mould, bacterium and algae etc., and wherein the yeast of eucaryon, mould can be synthesized with algae and be formed similar triglyceride level to vegetables oil, and the bacterium of protokaryon then synthesizes special lipid.The process of production by biological oil generation fat, produces the similar process of grease with animals and plants in essence, is all from the reaction of acetyl CoA carboxylase catalysis carboxylation, then through repeatedly chain extension, or completes whole biological process through desaturation etc. again.In the process, the katalaze enzyme that two main is had, i.e. acetyl CoA carboxylase and desaturase.Wherein the first step of acetyl CoA carboxylase catalyze fatty acid synthesis, is first rate-limiting enzyme.The prozyme that this enzyme is made up of multiple subunit, has multiple avtive spot in structure, and therefore this enzyme can be activated by acetyl-CoA, ATP and vitamin H.Current aqueous phase extraction process extracts microbial oil and is widely used,, under aqueous environment, broken wall is carried out to microorganism cells, then liquid-liquid extraction operation is carried out, microbial oil content in the method aqueous phase is lower, extraction process solvent consumption is large, aqueous phase system viscosity containing cell debris is very high, with very easily emulsification in the process of solvent, later separation is comparatively difficult; Can reduce mixture viscosity by washing, but also easily carry microbial oil secretly, grease extraction efficiency is on the low side, repeatedly washes and also can produce a large amount of industrial sewage.
Due to cooking culture and custom of having a dinner party, changing food waste has become Chinese exclusive phenomenon.China's dining table waste is surprising, produces the changing food waste of flood tide every day.From the numeral of Development in Beijing reform committee, Beijing produces 1200 tons of changing food wastes every day.Environment system of Tsing-Hua University solid waste pollution control and Resource analysis statistic data show, Chinese city produces changing food waste every year and is not less than 6,000 ten thousand tons.Expert thinks, nutritious changing food waste is valuable renewable resources.But owing to not yet drawing attention, method of disposal is improper, it has become the potentially dangerous source affecting food safety and ecological safety.Although can produce serious consequence mishandling, changing food waste is also not good for nothing.What bright light of ring money department of National Development and Reform Committee vice chief of department is pointed out, changing food waste has the dual nature of refuse and resource, can be described as typical " having misplaced local resource ".
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention: extract microbial oil for aqueous phase extraction process, because the microbial oil content in aqueous phase is lower, extraction process solvent consumption is large, aqueous phase system viscosity containing cell debris is very high, with very easily emulsification in the process of solvent, later separation is comparatively difficult, washing processes the drawback causing grease extraction efficiency low, providing a kind of is raw material with changing food waste, first by flour, the juice collected stirs with other herbal medicine and rubs up into dough, carry out mouldyly growing mould, mould is moved in changing food waste in proportion and mixes, microorganism is bred through anaerobism, after aerobic breeding, by same ratio, the mixture after aerobic is moved in changing food waste again, breed through anaerobism again, after aerobic breeding, kill by X-ray, slag is stayed in filtration, dry with charcoal fire, clay into power in stone mill, after using steam steamed again, wrap up while hot with straw, iron hoop is bundled into ring-type, extrude with timber, filter the method for obtained microbial oil.Without the need to adding any solvent in leaching process of the present invention, grease extraction efficiency is high.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts technical scheme as described below to be:
(1) 1 ~ 2kg Leaf of Indigowoad and 1 ~ 2kg mother chrysanthemum is got, put into stamp mill simultaneously and smash into juice to pieces, collecting by filtration juice, then get 0.5 ~ 0.7kg flour and put into basin, count by weight, respectively to wherein adding 35 ~ 55 portions of juice collected, 30 ~ 40 parts of Radix Notoginseng powder, 7 ~ 12 parts of water and 8 ~ 13 parts of Cortex Cinnamomi powders, being uniformly mixed, being kneaded into ganoid dough;
(2) dough of above-mentioned gained is put into sealed can, the temperature controlled in sealed can is 26 ~ 29 DEG C, and humidity is 60 ~ 70%, puts into darkness, moist place, sealing preservation 5 ~ 7 days, treat that mould grows to 3 ~ 5cm, be 1:45 ratio in mould and changing food waste mass ratio, mould moved in changing food waste, be uniformly mixed, control temperature is 20 ~ 24 DEG C, and humidity is 45 ~ 60%, allows microbiological anaerobic breed 1 ~ 2 day;
(3) after its anaerobism has been bred, its microorganism aerobic is allowed to breed again 1 ~ 2 day, treat that microorganism grows to 5 ~ 6cm, be 1:45 ratio in mixture and changing food waste mass ratio, mixture is moved in changing food waste, be uniformly mixed, keep temperature to be 24 ~ 26 DEG C, humidity is 50 ~ 62%, allows microbiological anaerobic breed 2 ~ 3 days;
(4) after its anaerobism has been bred, then allow its microorganism aerobic breed 2 ~ 3 days, treat that microorganism grows to 8 ~ 10cm, with X-ray process 50 ~ 60min, microorganism is killed, and the whizzer being placed in 3000 ~ 4000r/min is separated 10 ~ 15min, obtains changing food waste fermented product;
(5) the changing food waste fermented product of above-mentioned gained is first put into baking machine after drying, with charcoal fire baking 1 ~ 2h, dried and put into stone mill, manually carry out milling 1 ~ 2h, obtain 80 ~ 90 object powder, powder is put into steam stove, with steamed 50 ~ 60min;
(6) after above-mentioned powder is steamed, with the straw after tying up steamed powder carried out while hot wrap up, compacting, parcel, compacting complete after, be bundled into ring-type with iron hoop, and be placed in concave wood groove, use timber repeatedly to be extruded by ring, liquid after extruding flows in the container below concave wood groove, after having extruded, the liquid in container is filtered, namely obtain a kind of microbial oil.
Application method of the present invention: get the microbial oil that 10 ~ 15g the present invention obtains, add the potassium hydroxide of 1.0 ~ 1.5% and the methyl alcohol of 0.05 ~ 0.07%, at normal pressure, temperature is water-bath 2.0 ~ 2.2h at 60 ~ 62 DEG C, after reaction terminates, the whizzer being placed in 2800 ~ 3000r/min is separated 10 ~ 20min, and obtain supernatant liquid, underpressure distillation goes out unnecessary Methanol and obtains biofuel.Detect that this biofuel energy density is high, sulphur content is low, sufficient combustion, lubricity are good, renewable, readily biodegradable, storing and transporting security, anti-knocking property are good, be worthy to be popularized and use.
The present invention is compared with additive method, and Advantageous Effects is:
(1) extracting method of the present invention is simple, and without the need to adding any solvent in leaching process, subsequent disposal is simple, and grease extraction efficiency is higher than additive method more than 20%;
(2) make full use of changing food waste and extract microbial oil, namely solve the pollution problem of changing food waste to environment, achieve again the sustainable regeneration of resource.
Embodiment
First 1 ~ 2kg Leaf of Indigowoad and 1 ~ 2kg mother chrysanthemum is got, put into stamp mill simultaneously and smash into juice to pieces, collecting by filtration juice, then get 0.5 ~ 0.7kg flour and put into basin, count by weight, respectively to wherein adding 35 ~ 55 portions of juice collected, 30 ~ 40 parts of Radix Notoginseng powder, 7 ~ 12 parts of water and 8 ~ 13 parts of Cortex Cinnamomi powders, being uniformly mixed, being kneaded into ganoid dough; Then the dough of above-mentioned gained is put into sealed can, the temperature controlled in sealed can is 26 ~ 29 DEG C, and humidity is 60 ~ 70%, puts into darkness, moist place, sealing preservation 5 ~ 7 days, treat that mould grows to 3 ~ 5cm, be 1:45 ratio in mould and changing food waste mass ratio, mould moved in changing food waste, be uniformly mixed, control temperature is 20 ~ 24 DEG C, and humidity is 45 ~ 60%, allows microbiological anaerobic breed 1 ~ 2 day; After its anaerobism has been bred, its microorganism aerobic is allowed to breed again 1 ~ 2 day, treat that microorganism grows to 5 ~ 6cm, be 1:45 ratio in mixture and changing food waste mass ratio, mixture is moved in changing food waste, be uniformly mixed, keep temperature to be 24 ~ 26 DEG C, humidity is 50 ~ 62%, allows microbiological anaerobic breed 2 ~ 3 days; Again after its anaerobism has been bred, then allow its microorganism aerobic breed 2 ~ 3 days, treat that microorganism grows to 8 ~ 10cm, with X-ray process 50 ~ 60min, microorganism is killed, and the whizzer being placed in 3000 ~ 4000r/min is separated 10 ~ 15min, obtains changing food waste fermented product; Again the changing food waste fermented product of above-mentioned gained is first put into baking machine after drying, with charcoal fire baking 1 ~ 2h, dried and put into stone mill, manually carry out milling 1 ~ 2h, obtain 80 ~ 90 object powder, powder is put into steam stove, with steamed 50 ~ 60min; Finally after above-mentioned powder is steamed, with the straw after tying up steamed powder carried out while hot wrap up, compacting, parcel, compacting complete after, be bundled into ring-type with iron hoop, and be placed in concave wood groove, use timber repeatedly to be extruded by ring, liquid after extruding flows in the container below concave wood groove, after having extruded, the liquid in container is filtered, namely obtain a kind of microbial oil.
Example 1
First 1kg Leaf of Indigowoad and 1kg mother chrysanthemum is got, put into stamp mill simultaneously and smash into juice to pieces, collecting by filtration juice, then get 0.5kg flour and put into basin, count by weight, respectively to wherein adding 35 portions of juice collected, 40 parts of Radix Notoginseng powder, 12 parts of water and 13 parts of Cortex Cinnamomi powders, being uniformly mixed, being kneaded into ganoid dough; Then the dough of above-mentioned gained is put into sealed can, the temperature controlled in sealed can is 26 DEG C, and humidity is 60%, puts into darkness, moist place, sealing preservation 5 days, treat that mould grows to 3cm, be 1:45 ratio in mould and changing food waste mass ratio, mould moved in changing food waste, be uniformly mixed, control temperature is 20 DEG C, and humidity is 45%, allows microbiological anaerobic breed 1 day; After its anaerobism has been bred, then allow its microorganism aerobic breed 1 day, treat that microorganism grows to 5cm, be 1:45 ratio in mixture and changing food waste mass ratio, mixture moved in changing food waste, be uniformly mixed, keep temperature to be 24 DEG C, humidity is 50%, allows microbiological anaerobic breed 2 days; Again after its anaerobism has been bred, then allow its microorganism aerobic breed 2 days, treat that microorganism grows to 8cm, with X-ray process 50min, microorganism is killed, and the whizzer being placed in 3000r/min is separated 10min, obtains changing food waste fermented product; Again the changing food waste fermented product of above-mentioned gained is first put into baking machine after drying, toast 1h with charcoal fire, dried and put into stone mill, manually carry out milling 1h, obtain 80 object powder, powder is put into steam stove, uses steamed 50min; Finally after above-mentioned powder is steamed, with the straw after tying up steamed powder carried out while hot wrap up, compacting, parcel, compacting complete after, be bundled into ring-type with iron hoop, and be placed in concave wood groove, use timber repeatedly to be extruded by ring, liquid after extruding flows in the container below concave wood groove, after having extruded, the liquid in container is filtered, namely obtain a kind of microbial oil.
Get the microbial oil that 10g the present invention obtains, add the potassium hydroxide of 1.0% and the methyl alcohol of 0.05%, at normal pressure, temperature is water-bath 2.0h at 60 DEG C, after reaction terminates, the whizzer being placed in 2800r/min is separated 10min, obtains supernatant liquid, and underpressure distillation goes out unnecessary Methanol and obtains biofuel.Detect that this biofuel energy density is high, sulphur content is low, sufficient combustion, lubricity are good, renewable, readily biodegradable, storing and transporting security, anti-knocking property are good, be worthy to be popularized and use.
Example 2
First 1.5kg Leaf of Indigowoad and 1.5kg mother chrysanthemum is got, put into stamp mill simultaneously and smash into juice to pieces, collecting by filtration juice, then get 0.6kg flour and put into basin, count by weight, respectively to wherein adding 45 portions of juice collected, 35 parts of Radix Notoginseng powder, 10 parts of water and 10 parts of Cortex Cinnamomi powders, being uniformly mixed, being kneaded into ganoid dough; Then the dough of above-mentioned gained is put into sealed can, the temperature controlled in sealed can is 28 DEG C, and humidity is 65%, puts into darkness, moist place, sealing preservation 6 days, treat that mould grows to 4cm, be 1:45 ratio in mould and changing food waste mass ratio, mould moved in changing food waste, be uniformly mixed, control temperature is 22 DEG C, and humidity is 63%, allows microbiological anaerobic breed 2 days; After its anaerobism has been bred, then allow its microorganism aerobic breed 2 days, treat that microorganism grows to 5.5cm, be 1:45 ratio in mixture and changing food waste mass ratio, mixture moved in changing food waste, be uniformly mixed, keep temperature to be 25 DEG C, humidity is 56%, allows microbiological anaerobic breed 3 days; Again after its anaerobism has been bred, then allow its microorganism aerobic breed 3 days, treat that microorganism grows to 9cm, with X-ray process 55min, microorganism is killed, and the whizzer being placed in 3500r/min is separated 13min, obtains changing food waste fermented product; Again the changing food waste fermented product of above-mentioned gained is first put into baking machine after drying, toast 1.5h with charcoal fire, dried and put into stone mill, manually carry out milling 1.5h, obtain 85 object powder, powder is put into steam stove, uses steamed 55min; Finally after above-mentioned powder is steamed, with the straw after tying up steamed powder carried out while hot wrap up, compacting, parcel, compacting complete after, be bundled into ring-type with iron hoop, and be placed in concave wood groove, use timber repeatedly to be extruded by ring, liquid after extruding flows in the container below concave wood groove, after having extruded, the liquid in container is filtered, namely obtain a kind of microbial oil.
Get the microbial oil that 13g the present invention obtains, add the potassium hydroxide of 1.3% and the methyl alcohol of 0.06%, at normal pressure, temperature is water-bath 2.1h at 61 DEG C, after reaction terminates, the whizzer being placed in 2900r/min is separated 15min, obtains supernatant liquid, and underpressure distillation goes out unnecessary Methanol and obtains biofuel.Detect that this biofuel energy density is high, sulphur content is low, sufficient combustion, lubricity are good, renewable, readily biodegradable, storing and transporting security, anti-knocking property are good, be worthy to be popularized and use.
Example 3
First 2kg Leaf of Indigowoad and 2kg mother chrysanthemum is got, put into stamp mill simultaneously and smash into juice to pieces, collecting by filtration juice, then get 0.7kg flour and put into basin, count by weight, respectively to wherein adding 55 portions of juice collected, 30 parts of Radix Notoginseng powder, 7 parts of water and 8 parts of Cortex Cinnamomi powders, being uniformly mixed, being kneaded into ganoid dough; Then the dough of above-mentioned gained is put into sealed can, the temperature controlled in sealed can is 29 DEG C, and humidity is 70%, puts into darkness, moist place, sealing preservation 7 days, treat that mould grows to 5cm, be 1:45 ratio in mould and changing food waste mass ratio, mould moved in changing food waste, be uniformly mixed, control temperature is 24 DEG C, and humidity is 60%, allows microbiological anaerobic breed 2 days; After its anaerobism has been bred, then allow its microorganism aerobic breed 2 days, treat that microorganism grows to 6cm, be 1:45 ratio in mixture and changing food waste mass ratio, mixture moved in changing food waste, be uniformly mixed, keep temperature to be 26 DEG C, humidity is 62%, allows microbiological anaerobic breed 3 days; Again after its anaerobism has been bred, then allow its microorganism aerobic breed 3 days, treat that microorganism grows to 10cm, with X-ray process 60min, microorganism is killed, and the whizzer being placed in 4000r/min is separated 15min, obtains changing food waste fermented product; Again the changing food waste fermented product of above-mentioned gained is first put into baking machine after drying, toast 2h with charcoal fire, dried and put into stone mill, manually carry out milling 2h, obtain 90 object powder, powder is put into steam stove, uses steamed 60min; Finally after above-mentioned powder is steamed, with the straw after tying up steamed powder carried out while hot wrap up, compacting, parcel, compacting complete after, be bundled into ring-type with iron hoop, and be placed in concave wood groove, use timber repeatedly to be extruded by ring, liquid after extruding flows in the container below concave wood groove, after having extruded, the liquid in container is filtered, namely obtain a kind of microbial oil.
Get the microbial oil that 15g the present invention obtains, add the potassium hydroxide of 1.5% and the methyl alcohol of 0.07%, at normal pressure, temperature is water-bath 2.2h at 62 DEG C, after reaction terminates, the whizzer being placed in 3000r/min is separated 20min, obtains supernatant liquid, and underpressure distillation goes out unnecessary Methanol and obtains biofuel.Detect that this biofuel energy density is high, sulphur content is low, sufficient combustion, lubricity are good, renewable, readily biodegradable, storing and transporting security, anti-knocking property are good, be worthy to be popularized and use.
Claims (1)
1. utilize changing food waste to extract a method for microbial oil, it is characterized in that concrete extraction step is:
(1) 1 ~ 2kg Leaf of Indigowoad and 1 ~ 2kg mother chrysanthemum is got, put into stamp mill simultaneously and smash into juice to pieces, collecting by filtration juice, then get 0.5 ~ 0.7kg flour and put into basin, count by weight, respectively to wherein adding 35 ~ 55 portions of juice collected, 30 ~ 40 parts of Radix Notoginseng powder, 7 ~ 12 parts of water and 8 ~ 13 parts of Cortex Cinnamomi powders, being uniformly mixed, being kneaded into ganoid dough;
(2) dough of above-mentioned gained is put into sealed can, the temperature controlled in sealed can is 26 ~ 29 DEG C, and humidity is 60 ~ 70%, puts into darkness, moist place, sealing preservation 5 ~ 7 days, treat that mould grows to 3 ~ 5cm, be 1:45 ratio in mould and changing food waste mass ratio, mould moved in changing food waste, be uniformly mixed, control temperature is 20 ~ 24 DEG C, and humidity is 45 ~ 60%, allows microbiological anaerobic breed 1 ~ 2 day;
(3) after its anaerobism has been bred, its microorganism aerobic is allowed to breed again 1 ~ 2 day, treat that microorganism grows to 5 ~ 6cm, be 1:45 ratio in mixture and changing food waste mass ratio, mixture is moved in changing food waste, be uniformly mixed, keep temperature to be 24 ~ 26 DEG C, humidity is 50 ~ 62%, allows microbiological anaerobic breed 2 ~ 3 days;
(4) after its anaerobism has been bred, then allow its microorganism aerobic breed 2 ~ 3 days, treat that microorganism grows to 8 ~ 10cm, with X-ray process 50 ~ 60min, microorganism is killed, and the whizzer being placed in 3000 ~ 4000r/min is separated 10 ~ 15min, obtains changing food waste fermented product;
(5) the changing food waste fermented product of above-mentioned gained is first put into baking machine after drying, with charcoal fire baking 1 ~ 2h, dried and put into stone mill, manually carry out milling 1 ~ 2h, obtain 80 ~ 90 object powder, powder is put into steam stove, with steamed 50 ~ 60min;
(6) after above-mentioned powder is steamed, with the straw after tying up steamed powder carried out while hot wrap up, compacting, parcel, compacting complete after, be bundled into ring-type with iron hoop, and be placed in concave wood groove, use timber repeatedly to be extruded by ring, liquid after extruding flows in the container below concave wood groove, after having extruded, the liquid in container is filtered, namely obtain a kind of microbial oil.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510948222.0A CN105524704A (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2015-12-17 | Method for extracting microbial oil by using kitchen garbage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510948222.0A CN105524704A (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2015-12-17 | Method for extracting microbial oil by using kitchen garbage |
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2015
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN1682771A (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2005-10-19 | 云南大学 | Anti-tumor active matter and its preparing method and use |
| CN101955382A (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2011-01-26 | 广州农冠生物科技有限公司 | Treatment method and treatment system of food wastes |
| KR20120017710A (en) * | 2010-08-19 | 2012-02-29 | 김문수 | Method to produce fertilizer using garbage |
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Application publication date: 20160427 |