CN105515685B - A kind of white Gaussian noise power measurement method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of white Gaussian noise power measurement method, including：Judge whether effective white Gaussian noise power；If there are effective white Gaussian noise power, current white Gaussian noise power is then made to be equal to effective white Gaussian noise power, and equalizing coefficient is obtained according to the current white Gaussian noise power, the signal received according to the equalizing coefficient to one carries out balanced, the chip level signal after being equalized；Chip level signal after the equilibrium is descrambled and spreading code is de-spread, obtains detection signal；Symbol level Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio after equilibrium is obtained according to the detection signal；Chip-level white Gaussian noise power is obtained according to the symbol level Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio after the equilibrium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a Gaussian white noise power measuring method and device.
Background
A WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) system is a Wideband mobile communication system that distinguishes services from users by orthogonal spreading codes. Since its transmission bandwidth is much larger than the coherence bandwidth of the spatial physical channel. Therefore, the signal transmission in the WCDMA system is often accompanied by frequency selective fading, which is reflected in the time domain, i.e. multipath transmission.
RAKE is a common receiver in WCDMA systems that estimates the transmit vector by combining the multipath components of the system transmission in energy to improve the received signal-to-noise ratio. The receiver has simple principle and does not consider the elimination of the inter-path interference, so the receiver can not be used in high-speed transmission scenes such as packet data service and the like. The equalizing receiver is a new receiving method following RAKE receiver, and obtains equalizing coefficient G by LMMSE (Linear Minimum Mean square error) criterionMMSEAnd filtering the received signal r by using the coefficient to obtain an estimation result of the transmission vector s
The above process can be expressed as:
wherein the equalizing coefficient GMMSEGenerally derived from the formula:
GMMSE＝(HHH+σ2I)-1HH(2)
it can be seen that the calculation of the equalization coefficient requires two estimation results, one is the estimation result H of the channel impulse response, and the other is the measurement value σ of the gaussian white noise power2。
In WCDMA system, a special module is usually required for white Gaussian noise power σ2The measurement is performed. And the accuracy of the measurement of this value directly affects the performance of the equalization algorithm.
The currently commonly used white gaussian noise power measurement method is as follows: and obtaining the channel impulse response estimation result of each path position by using the pilot channel. For example, in single antenna transmission, the pilot channel transmits a fixed symbol, denoted as a. Therefore, a certain path is selected, the channel estimation result is subjected to subtraction between two symbols before and after the channel estimation result, the expectation of the modulus square is solved, the symbol itself can be subtracted, and the noise power is reserved. The specific process can be described as follows:
let r be the received signal corresponding to the front and back two symbols of the pilot channelCPICH,1，rCPICH,2The method comprises the following steps:
rCPICH,1＝A·h1+n1(3)
rCPICH,2＝A·h2+n2
wherein h is1、h2，n1、n2Respectively, the channel impulse response and noise experienced by the two pilot symbols before and after.
Due to the time interval between the front and back two symbolsAt short intervals, it can be assumed that the channel impulse response has not changed, i.e. h1＝h2. And because the Gaussian white noise superposed on the front symbol and the rear symbol has no correlation, the expected modulus square of the subtraction result of the front symbol and the rear symbol is obtained, and the noise power can be obtained.
The dual antenna transmission mode is similar to single antenna transmission, with the first transmit antenna still transmitting the fixed symbol a, and the second transmit antenna transmitting a and-a alternately according to a certain rule. Therefore, a certain path is selected, the channel estimation result of the first transmitting antenna is subtracted by two of the front and rear symbols, and the channel estimation result of the second transmitting antenna is recombined and subtracted by two of the front and rear symbols, so that the noise power result can be obtained.
However, due to the non-ideal characteristic of the scrambling code, the channel estimation obtained by using the pilot frequency includes a large inter-path interference effect, and the channel estimation result of each path includes the components of the autocorrelation side lobes of other path scrambling codes, so that the noise power calculated by using the method also includes a part of inter-path interference, thereby causing a large noise measurement and affecting the performance of the LMMSE equalizer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Gaussian white noise power measurement method and a Gaussian white noise power measurement device, which are used for solving the problem of inaccurate noise power measurement caused by path-to-path interference.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a method for measuring gaussian white noise power, comprising:
judging whether effective white Gaussian noise power exists or not;
if the effective white Gaussian noise power exists, the current white Gaussian noise power is made equal to the effective white Gaussian noise power;
obtaining an equalization coefficient according to the current Gaussian white noise power;
equalizing a received signal according to the equalization coefficient to obtain an equalized chip-level signal;
descrambling and spreading code despreading are carried out on the equalized chip-level signal to obtain a detection signal;
obtaining a symbol-level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio after equalization according to the detection signal;
and obtaining the chip-level Gaussian white noise power according to the equalized symbol-level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio.
Further, in the method for measuring the gaussian white noise power, in the step of determining whether there is an effective gaussian white noise power, if a time difference between a current measurement time and a previous measurement time is less than a preset time, it is determined that there is an effective gaussian white noise power.
Further, in the method for measuring the gaussian white noise power, if there is no effective gaussian white noise power, the gaussian white noise power is obtained by a difference method.
Further, in the gaussian white noise power measuring method, in the step of obtaining an equalization coefficient according to the current gaussian white noise power, the equalization coefficient is obtained by the following formula: gMMSE＝(HHH+σ2I)-1HH(ii) a Wherein G isMMSERepresenting the equalization coefficients, H representing the estimation result of the channel impulse response, σ2Represents the current gaussian white noise power and I represents the identity matrix.
Further, in the gaussian white noise power measuring method, in the step of equalizing a received signal according to the equalization coefficient to obtain an equalized chip-level signal, the chip-level signal is obtained by the following formula:wherein,representing chip-level signals, GMMSERepresenting the equalization coefficient and r the received signal.
Further, in the gaussian white noise power measuring method, in the step of descrambling and despreading the equalized chip-level signal, the spreading code used for despreading is a common pilot channel spreading code.
Further, in the gaussian white noise power measuring method, in the step of obtaining the chip-level gaussian white noise power according to the equalized symbol-level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, the chip-level gaussian white noise power is obtained by the following formula:wherein, PCPICH_BeforeEQDenotes power of the common pilot channel, 256 denotes spreading factor of the common pilot channel, SINRCPICH_AfterEQ_SymbolRepresenting the equalized symbol level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a system for measuring the power of the Gaussian white noise, which comprises:
the judging module is used for judging whether effective white Gaussian noise power exists or not;
the device comprises an equalization coefficient module, a power control module and a power control module, wherein the equalization coefficient module is used for enabling the current white Gaussian noise power to be equal to the effective white Gaussian noise power when the effective white Gaussian noise power exists, and acquiring an equalization coefficient according to the current white Gaussian noise power;
the chip-level signal module is used for equalizing a received signal according to the equalization coefficient to obtain an equalized chip-level signal;
a detection signal module, configured to perform descrambling and spread spectrum code despreading on the equalized chip-level signal to obtain a detection signal;
the symbol-level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio module is used for obtaining a balanced symbol-level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio according to the detection signal;
and the chip-level white Gaussian noise power module is used for obtaining the chip-level white Gaussian noise power according to the equalized symbol-level signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio.
Further, in the gaussian white noise power measuring system, in the determining module, if the time difference between the current measuring time and the last measuring time is less than the preset time, it is determined that there is an effective gaussian white noise power.
Further, in the gaussian white noise power measurement system, in the equalization coefficient module, the equalization coefficient is obtained by the following formula: gMMSE＝(HHH+σ2I)-1HH(ii) a Wherein G isMMSERepresenting the equalization coefficients, H representing the estimation result of the channel impulse response, σ2Represents the current gaussian white noise power and I represents the identity matrix.
Further, in the gaussian white noise power measurement system, in the chip-level signal module, a chip-level signal is obtained by the following formula:wherein,representing chip-level signals, GMMSERepresenting the equalization coefficient and r the received signal.
Further, in the gaussian white noise power measurement system, in the chip-level signal module, the spreading code used for despreading is a common pilot channel spreading code.
Further, in the Gaussian white noise power measuring system, in the chip-level Gaussian white noise power module, the chip-level Gaussian white noise is obtained through the following formulaPower:wherein, PCPICH_BeforeEQDenotes power of the common pilot channel, 256 denotes spreading factor of the common pilot channel, SINRCPICH_AfterEQ_SymbolRepresenting the equalized symbol level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio.
The Gaussian white noise power measuring method and device provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects: and obtaining the balanced signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio according to the balanced data, and obtaining the Gaussian white noise power by using the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio. In addition, within a certain time interval, the Gaussian white noise power obtained by the method can be used for the next equalization operation, and the data equalization performance is improved.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a Gaussian white noise power measurement method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The white gaussian noise power measuring method and device proposed by the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 1, which is a flow chart of the gaussian white noise power measuring method according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for measuring gaussian white noise power, comprising:
step 101, judging whether the current state exists or notEffective white gaussian noise powerThe time difference between the current measurement time and the last measurement time is less than the preset time Thred because the time difference is obtained during the equalization processing of the last measurement timetimeThen, it is considered that there is an effective white Gaussian noise power
Step 102, when there is no effective white Gaussian noise powerThen, the gaussian white noise power is obtained through the difference rule, that is, through the formula (4) in the prior art.
Step 103, when there is an effective white Gaussian noise powerLet the current gaussian white noise power σ2Equal to the effective white gaussian noise powerNamely, it is
104, according to the current Gaussian white noise powerObtaining the equalization coefficient GMMSE(ii) a Specifically, by formula GMMSE＝(HHH+σ2I)-1HHObtaining an equalization coefficient, wherein GMMSERepresenting the equalization coefficients, H representing the estimation result of the channel impulse response, σ2Represents the current gaussian white noise power and I represents the identity matrix.
Step 105According to said equalisation coefficient GMMSEEqualizing a received signal r to obtain an equalized chip-level signalIn particular, by means of formulaeAn equalized chip-level signal is obtained.
Step 106, for the equalized chip-level signalDescrambling and spread spectrum code de-spreading to obtain detection signalIn the despreading process, the spreading code used for despreading is a common pilot channel (CPICH channel) spreading code.
Step 107, according to the detection signalObtaining the equalized symbol-level SINRCPICH_AfterEQ_Symbol；
Step 108, according to the equalized symbol level SINRCPICH_AfterEQ_SymbolObtaining chip-level white Gaussian noise power sigma2. In particular, by means of formulaeTo obtain chip-level Gaussian white noise power, where PCPICH_BeforeEQDenotes power of the common pilot channel, 256 denotes spreading factor of the common pilot channel, SINRCPICH_AfterEQ_SymbolRepresenting the equalized symbol level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,the establishment of (c) is based on the following assumptions: SINRCPICH_AfterEQ_Chip≈SNRCPICH_AfterEQ_Chip≈SNRReceiveSignal(ii) a The above description of the snr is based on a uniform standard (both chip-level snrs). For the received signal of the WCDMA system, the interference is mainly from the inter-path interference, and the neighboring cell interference, the synchronization signal interference, etc. are added, and therefore, an equalizer with excellent performance can effectively eliminate the inter-path interference and simultaneously suppress the interference of the neighboring cell, the synchronization signal, etc. Therefore, the interference term in the output signal of the equalizer can be ignored, and the SINR can be approximately consideredCPICH_AfterEQ_Chip≈SNRCPICH_AfterEQ_Chip。
On the other hand, if interference is not considered, the SNR of the output of the MMSE equalizer is approximately consideredCPICH_AfterEQ_Chip≈SNRReceiveSignal. This is because, taking a channel of one path as an example, the snr of the signal before equalization is:
wherein, for a certain equalization, the channel estimation result h is constant, and E (x) is due to the effect of normalization of the transmission powerHx) is 1, and x is a transmission signal.
The signal-to-noise ratio of the equalized signal is:
it can be seen that the chip-level snr is exactly the same before and after equalization for channels with only one path. For multipath channels, although the signal-to-noise ratios before and after equalization are not perfectly equal, experiments have found that the deviation is perfectly acceptable relative to the accuracy requirements of the noise power measurement.
So when calculating the noise power, the SNR is consideredCPICH_AfterEQ_Chip≈SNRReceiveSignal。
On the other hand, due to the effect of spreading, the chip-level noise power and the symbol-level noise power of the equalized signal have the following relationship:where 256 is the spreading factor of the CPICH channel. Therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
wherein, PCPICH_BeforeEQThe CPICH channel Power is typically represented by CPICH _ RSCP (Received Signal Code Power) measurements.
Step 109, calculating the noise power σ obtained in step 1082And reserved for subsequent use.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a system for measuring the power of the Gaussian white noise, which comprises:
a judging module for judging whether there is effective white Gaussian noise powerThe time difference between the current measurement time and the last measurement time is less than the preset time Thred because the time difference is obtained during the equalization processing of the last measurement timetimeThen, it is considered that there is an effective white Gaussian noise power
An equalization coefficient module for equalizing the power of the white Gaussian noise when the effective white Gaussian noise existsLet the current Gaussian white noise power σ2Equal to the effective white gaussian noise powerNamely, it isAnd according to the current Gaussian white noise powerObtaining the equalization coefficient GMMSE(ii) a Specifically, by formula GMMSE＝(HHH+σ2I)-1HHObtaining an equalization coefficient, wherein GMMSERepresenting the equalization coefficients, H representing the estimation result of the channel impulse response, σ2Represents the current gaussian white noise power and I represents the identity matrix. When there is no effective white Gaussian noise powerIn time, the gaussian white noise power is obtained by a difference method, that is, by formula (4) in the prior art.
A chip-level signal module for generating an equalization coefficient G according to the received signalMMSEEqualizing a received signal r to obtain an equalized chip-level signalIn particular, by means of formulaeAn equalized chip-level signal is obtained.
A signal detection module for detecting the equalized chip-level signalDescrambling and spread spectrum code de-spreading to obtain detection signalIn the despreading process, the spreading code used for despreading is a common pilot channel (CPICH channel) spreading code.
A symbol-level SINR module for detecting the signalObtaining the equalized symbol-level SINRCPICH_AfterEQ_Symbol；
A chip-level white Gaussian noise power module for equalizing the symbol-level SINRCPICH_AfterEQ_SymbolObtaining chip-level white Gaussian noise power sigma2. In particular, by means of formulaeTo obtain chip-level Gaussian white noise power, where PCPICH_BeforeEQDenotes power of the common pilot channel, 256 denotes spreading factor of the common pilot channel, SINRCPICH_AfterEQ_SymbolRepresenting the equalized symbol level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio.
The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A Gaussian white noise power measurement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
judging whether effective Gaussian white noise power exists or not, and if the time difference between the current measurement moment and the last measurement moment is less than the preset time, determining that the effective Gaussian white noise power exists;
if the effective white Gaussian noise power exists, the current white Gaussian noise power is made equal to the effective white Gaussian noise power;
obtaining an equalization coefficient according to the current Gaussian white noise power, and obtaining the equalization coefficient through the following formulaObtaining an equalization coefficient: gMMSE＝(HHH+σ2I)-1HH(ii) a Wherein G isMMSERepresenting the equalization coefficients, H representing the estimation result of the channel impulse response, σ2Representing the current Gaussian white noise power, and I represents an identity matrix;
equalizing a received signal according to the equalization coefficient to obtain an equalized chip-level signal, and obtaining the chip-level signal by the following formula:wherein,representing chip-level signals, GMMSERepresenting the equalization coefficient, r represents the received signal;
descrambling and spreading code despreading are carried out on the equalized chip-level signal to obtain a detection signal, wherein the spreading code used for despreading is a common pilot channel spreading code;
obtaining a symbol-level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio after equalization according to the detection signal;
obtaining chip-level Gaussian white noise power according to the equalized symbol-level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, and obtaining the chip-level Gaussian white noise power through the following formula:wherein, PCPICH_BeforeEQDenotes power of the common pilot channel, 256 denotes spreading factor of the common pilot channel, SINRCPICH_AfterEQ_SymbolRepresenting the equalized symbol level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein if there is no effective white gaussian noise power, the current white gaussian noise power is obtained by a difference method.
3. A gaussian white noise power measurement system, comprising:
the judging module is used for judging whether effective Gaussian white noise power exists or not, and if the time difference between the current measuring moment and the last measuring moment is smaller than the preset time, the effective Gaussian white noise power is considered to exist;
the equalization coefficient module is used for making the current white gaussian noise power equal to the effective white gaussian noise power when the effective white gaussian noise power exists, obtaining an equalization coefficient according to the current white gaussian noise power, and obtaining the equalization coefficient through the following formula: gMMSE＝(HHH+σ2I)-1HH(ii) a Wherein G isMMSERepresenting the equalization coefficients, H representing the estimation result of the channel impulse response, σ2Representing the current Gaussian white noise power, and I represents an identity matrix;
a chip-level signal module, configured to equalize a received signal according to the equalization coefficient to obtain an equalized chip-level signal, and obtain the chip-level signal according to the following formula:wherein,representing chip-level signals, GMMSERepresenting the equalization coefficient, r represents the received signal;
a detection signal module, configured to perform descrambling and spread spectrum code despreading on the equalized chip-level signal to obtain a detection signal, where the spread spectrum code used for despreading is a common pilot channel spread spectrum code;
the symbol-level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio module is used for obtaining a balanced symbol-level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio according to the detection signal;
a chip-level white gaussian noise power module, configured to obtain a chip-level white gaussian noise power according to the equalized symbol-level signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, and obtain the chip-level white gaussian noise power according to the following formula:wherein, PCPICH_BeforeEQDenotes power of the common pilot channel, 256 denotes spreading factor of the common pilot channel, SINRCPICH_AfterEQ_SymbolRepresenting the equalized symbol level signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio.
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