CN105515018A - Wind power subsynchronous oscillation detection and inhibition method based on empirical mode decomposition - Google Patents
Wind power subsynchronous oscillation detection and inhibition method based on empirical mode decomposition Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind power subsynchronous oscillation detection and inhibition method based on empirical mode decomposition, comprising: employing an empirical mode decomposition algorithm to respectively rapidly decompose collected three phase current signals, respectively comparing the amplitude of each decomposed low frequency signal with a set value, and determining occurrence of subsynchronous oscillation according to comparison results. The subsynchronous oscillation decomposition and extraction method based on empirical mode decomposition can perform decomposition completely according to the self time scale characteristic of current signal data; a decomposition process more comprehensively extracts and maintains the main characteristics of an original signal, and meanwhile improves the conciseness and flexibility of signal expression.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of electric power system control, be applicable to wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation and detect and suppress, be specifically related to a kind of wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation based on empirical mode decomposition and detect and suppressing method.
Background technology
The large-scale development of wind energy is the important component part of China's energy strategy, the contrary distribution of china natural resources and load center, large-scale wind power is sent outside at a distance becomes inevitable, and install the ultra-high/extra-high voltage ac transmission of serial compensation capacitance and high voltage direct current transmission additional as improving wind power system stability limit and improving 2 kinds of important way of ability to transmit electricity, be widely adopted in ultra-high-tension power transmission line.But when go here and there benefits degree height time or subsynchronous control with respond to generate electricity effect interact time, the electric resonance of frequency underfrequency may be produced due to disturbance in circuit, if certain axle system nature torsion frequency of generator and the complementation of electric resonance frequency, torsional oscillation amplification will be produced, i.e. sub-synchronous oscillation, damage generator shaft system, and then jeopardize operation of power networks.Therefore the detection of wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation, extraction and and then effectively suppress vibration, guarantee Wind turbines and power system stability are run, improve China's wind-powered electricity generation ability to send outside and energy security has great significance.
Traditional sub-synchronous oscillation analytical method mainly contains eigenvalue Method based on linearized system model and complex torque coefficients, time-domain-simulation method etc.Due to the essential distinction of Wind turbines structure, synchronizing mode and traditional fired power generating unit, above-mentionedly can not directly apply to based on the achievement in research of conventional fired power generating unit in sub-synchronous oscillation analysis, modeling and suppression etc. the sub-synchronous oscillation analysis that wind-powered electricity generation causes.
The sub-synchronous oscillation problem caused due to wind power generation occurs more late in engineering reality, and the research both domestic and external at present for the suppression of wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation is all less, rarely has effective achievement.Patent of invention CN104009495A proposes a kind of wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation suppression method, but it only detects with suppressing method only for flexible direct current power transmission system, and cannot provide meritorious support for a long time.
In recent years, along with the extensive use of WAMS, extracting Oscillatory mode shape based on measured data is that analysis of the oscillation provides new approach, and the advantage of these class methods is not by the impact of systematic education, does not need to understand system parameters and structure in advance.Sub-synchronous oscillation modal identification method at present based on measured data mainly contains fast Fourier transform method, wavelet analysis method etc.Wherein, fast Fourier transform lacks vibration local characteristics analysis ability, cannot reflect instantaneous frequency and the damping characteristic of vibration; Wavelet analysis method result affects comparatively large by basic function, though each modal parameter can be extracted, can not according to the own characteristic of each oscillation mode Location perturbation period adaptively, and the time-varying characteristics of oscillation mode need follow-up work to extract.Analysis of the oscillation method based on empirical mode decomposition can be decomposed according to the time scale feature of current signal data self completely, effectively overcome the shortcoming that conventional Fourier transform method lacks spatial locality, relative to the method for wavelet analysis, avoid the interference that basic function is artificially set, for the accurate judgement of wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation and extraction provide a kind of effective means.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiency that prior art exists, the invention discloses a kind of wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation based on empirical mode decomposition to detect and suppressing method, the present invention carries out fast decoupled to the three-phase current signal gathered respectively by Empirical Mode Decomposition Algorithm, respectively the amplitude and set point of decomposing rear low frequency signal are compared, judge whether sub-synchronous oscillation occurs according to comparative result.
For achieving the above object, concrete scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Based on a wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation detection method for empirical mode decomposition, comprising:
Step (1): respectively the three-phase current real-time sampling of wind-electricity integration is stored;
Step (2): by each phase sampler to electric current be considered as a time series, if this time series is X (t), obtain all Local Extremum;
Step (3): all maximum points finding out current signal X (t), utilizes Cubic Spline Functions Fitting to go out maximum point envelope e
max(t); In like manner, matching minimum point envelope e
min(t); Calculate mean value m (t) of coenvelope line and lower envelope line:
Step (4): primary signal X (t) and envelope mean value m (t) are done the new signal that difference obtains eliminating low frequency signal
Step (5): judge new signal
whether be an Intrinsic mode functions; If just directly enter step (6); Otherwise, with new signal
for pending data process, obtain first intrinsic mode functions IMF component of primary signal; (wherein, the English full name of IMF is IntrinsicModeFunction)
Step (6): deduct first intrinsic mode functions IMF component imf from primary signal X (t)
1t, after (), gained signal is X
1t (), by X
1t (), as new processed signal, repeats step (3)-(4), until X
nt () is monotonic signal, final X (t) is broken down into n intrinsic mode functions IMF component c
i(t), i=1,2 ..., a n and residual components r
n(t);
Step (7): judge the IMF component c obtained after decomposing
it the frequency of (), calculates all IMF component c lower than power frequency respectively
ithe amplitude of (t) and singularity, and judged whether that sub-synchronous oscillation occurs, if any, and send alarm signal, otherwise, terminate.
Further, in described step (5), if new signal
not, namely still there is asymmetrical wave in envelope mean value m (t), then with new signal in an Intrinsic mode functions
for pending data, repeat step (2)-(4), obtain
obtain
rear repetition step (5), until the signal that kth time obtains
be an Intrinsic mode functions, then first intrinsic mode functions IMF component of primary signal is designated as:
Further, in described step (6), X
n(t) for after monotonic signal, the treatment step also comprised: primary signal remainder is:
r
n(t)=X
n(t)(4)
Due in Practical Calculation process, the average of upper and lower envelope cannot be zero, therefore introduces the threshold value S stopping iteration
das stopping mark:
Wherein h
kt () is a kth intrinsic mode functions component;
Final X (t) is broken down into n intrinsic mode functions IMF component c
i(t), i=1,2 ..., a n and residual components r
n(t):
Further, when having judged whether that sub-synchronous oscillation occurs, 2 conditions below the one or more component of appearance meets, then thought and had sub-synchronous oscillation to occur:
A () amplitude is uprushed and higher than set-point;
B () current component wave form singularity is undergone mutation.
Further, to the IMF component c of the current component medium frequency adopting above-mentioned empirical mode decomposition to obtain lower than power frequency
it () superposition reconstruct, completes the extraction of sub-synchronous oscillation electric current.Herein by after signal decomposition, low frequency component is carried out superposing the signal obtained and can think to extract except sub-synchronous oscillation electric current from primary signal.
Further, based on the extraction of above-mentioned sub-synchronous oscillation electric current, the present invention also comprises a kind of wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation suppression method based on empirical mode decomposition, according to extracting the wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation size of current obtained, sub-synchronous oscillation size of current is exported equal by energy storage device generation and wind-powered electricity generation, the current component that phase place is contrary, offsets the subsynchronous electric current of wind-powered electricity generation.
Further, wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation based on empirical mode decomposition suppresses system, comprise energy storage device, instrument transformer, current controller and two way convertor, described energy storage device is connected to step-up transformer by two way convertor, wind power AC bus is accessed after boosting, wind power AC bus is provided with instrument transformer, the effect of instrument transformer is current sample, sampling the primary current obtained undertaken decomposing by Empirical mode decomposition and by decompose after Signal transmissions to current controller, current controller is according to the subsynchronous size of current of the wind-powered electricity generation arrived extracted and phase place, controlling electronic power convertor injects identical with subsynchronous size of current to bus, the electric current that phase place is contrary.
Energy storage device in the present invention can be electrochemistry, machinery, electromagnetism, phase transformation classification, and concrete form is battery, flywheel, superconduction or compressed air.
The converters device of energy storage device incoming transport electrical network, can the three-phase current size of independent control inputs electrical network.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. based on empirical mode decomposition sub-synchronous oscillation decompose and extracting method can decompose according to the time scale feature of current signal data self completely, decomposable process comparatively comprehensively extracts and maintains the principal character of primary signal, improves terseness and the flexibility of signal representation simultaneously.
2. method described in can not only extract Oscillatory mode shape parameter accurately and efficiently, can also beginning and ending time of each mode of identification, can be the follow-up analysis of sub-synchronous oscillation, location and suppression and provides basis
3. realize wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation judge and extract integration, the judgement of sub-synchronous oscillation and the extraction of oscillator signal can be completed by level discharge rating simultaneously, can Simplified analysis leaching process save analysis time.
4. method described in adopts energy storage device to stabilize wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation electric current, and that compares other employings SVG etc. stabilizes method, and the present invention can provide meritorious and reactive power support simultaneously, stabilizes better effects if.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be based on empirical mode decomposition wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation judge and extract flow chart;
Fig. 2 is that the wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation that the present invention is based on energy storage device stabilizes control principle block diagram;
Fig. 3 (a) the present invention is based on empirical mode decomposition to extract wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation simulated effect figure (comprising the primary signal figure of sub-synchronous oscillation electric current);
Fig. 3 (b) the present invention is based on empirical mode decomposition to extract wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation simulated effect figure (the sub-synchronous oscillation electric current that proposition obtains).
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail:
In this example, wind energy turbine set rated power is 40MW, and wind power AC busbar voltage is 110kV/50Hz, judges, extracts and suppresses, carry out explanation for the sub-synchronous oscillation of wherein A phase current.
With reference to figure 2, first by being arranged on instrument transformer on wind-electricity integration ac bus, wherein a phase current is sampled, the electric current that the sampling in a period of time t obtains is stored as X (t).
With reference to figure 1, by following steps, the wind power signal obtained of sampling is decomposed and extracted
Step (1): respectively the three-phase current real-time sampling of wind-electricity integration is stored.
Step (2): the electric current each sampled is considered as a time series, if this time series is X (t), obtains all Local Extremum;
Step (3): all maximum points finding out current signal X (t), utilizes Cubic Spline Functions Fitting to go out maximum point envelope e
max(t); In like manner, matching minimum point envelope e
min(t); Calculate mean value m (t) of coenvelope line and lower envelope line:
Step (4): primary signal X (t) and envelope mean value m (t) are done the new signal that difference obtains eliminating low frequency signal
that is:
Step (5): judge new signal
whether be an Intrinsic mode functions; If just directly enter step (6);
If new signal
not, namely still there is asymmetrical wave in envelope mean value m (t), then with new signal in an Intrinsic mode functions
for pending data, repeat step (2)-(4), obtain
obtain
rear repetition step (5), until the signal that kth time obtains
be an Intrinsic mode functions, then first intrinsic mode functions IMF component of primary signal is designated as:
Step (6): deduct first intrinsic mode functions IMF component imf from primary signal X (t)
1t, after (), gained signal is X
1t (), by X
1t (), as new processed signal, repeats step (3)-(4), until X
nt () is monotonic signal;
Primary signal remainder is:
r
n(t)=X
n(t)(4)
Due in Practical Calculation process, the average of upper and lower envelope cannot be zero, therefore introduces the threshold value S stopping iteration
das stopping mark:
Wherein h
kt () is a kth intrinsic mode functions component;
Final X (t) is broken down into n intrinsic mode functions IMF component c
i(t), i=1,2 ..., a n and residual components r
n(t):
Judge the IMF component c obtained after decomposing
it the frequency of (), calculates all IMF component c lower than power frequency respectively
ithe amplitude of (t) and singularity, 2 conditions below the one or more component of appearance meets:
I. amplitude is uprushed and higher than set-point;
Ii. current component wave form singularity is undergone mutation;
Then think and have sub-synchronous oscillation to occur, and send alarm signal.
After there is sub-synchronous oscillation in discovery wind-powered electricity generation current signal, with reference to figure 2, using storage battery as energy storage device, carry out subsynchronous electric current suppression.Described storage battery is connected to step-up transformer T by electronic power convertor, after boosting, access wind power AC bus.According to the subsynchronous size of current of the wind-powered electricity generation arrived extracted and phase place, control current transformer by current controller and inject the electric current identical with subsynchronous size of current, phase place is contrary to bus, thus offset the impact of subsynchronous electric current.
B phase is extracted identical with A phase with process of inhibition with C phase current.Repeat no more.
Simulation result of the present invention: Fig. 3 (a) is the primary current of wind-powered electricity generation a phase, the subsynchronous electric current of about 32.7hz is injected second at 3-4, Fig. 3 (b) be through the inventive method extract the subsynchronous electric current of the wind-powered electricity generation obtained, as seen from the figure, the present invention can judge wind-powered electricity generation electric current sub-synchronous oscillation quickly and accurately, and extracts sub-synchronous oscillation electric current.
The application exports three-phase current signal by Real-time Collection wind-powered electricity generation, and respectively fast decoupled is carried out to the three-phase current signal gathered based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition method, respectively the amplitude and set point of decomposing rear low frequency signal are compared, judge whether sub-synchronous oscillation occurs according to comparative result; After judging that sub-synchronous oscillation occurs, by will the subsynchronous low frequency signal superposition obtained be decomposed, complete sub-synchronous oscillation current signal and extract; Export sub-synchronous oscillation size of current by the energy storage device generations such as storage battery and wind-powered electricity generation equal, the current component that phase place is contrary, offsets the subsynchronous current signal extracted, thus reaches the object suppressing wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation.The sub-synchronous oscillation based on empirical mode decomposition that the present invention proposes decomposes and extracting method can be decomposed according to the time scale feature of current signal data self completely, effectively overcome the shortcoming that conventional Fourier transform method lacks spatial locality, relative to the method for wavelet analysis, avoid the interference that basic function is artificially set, accurate judgement and the extraction of wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation can be realized.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1., based on a wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation detection method for empirical mode decomposition, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Step (1): respectively the three-phase current real-time sampling of wind-electricity integration is stored;
Step (2): by each phase sampler to electric current be considered as a time series, if this time series is X (t), obtain all Local Extremum;
Step (3): all maximum points finding out current signal X (t), utilizes Cubic Spline Functions Fitting to go out maximum point envelope e
max(t); In like manner, matching minimum point envelope e
min(t); Calculate mean value m (t) of coenvelope line and lower envelope line:
Step (4): primary signal X (t) and envelope mean value m (t) are done the new signal that difference obtains eliminating low frequency signal
Step (5): judge new signal
whether be an Intrinsic mode functions; If just directly enter step (6); Otherwise, with new signal
for pending data process, obtain first intrinsic mode functions IMF component of primary signal;
Step (6): deduct first intrinsic mode functions IMF component imf from primary signal X (t)
1t, after (), gained signal is X
1t (), by X
1t (), as new processed signal, repeats step (3)-(4), until X
nt () is monotonic signal, final X (t) is broken down into n intrinsic mode functions IMF component c
i(t), i=1,2 ..., a n and residual components r
n(t);
Step (7): judge the IMF component c obtained after decomposing
it the frequency of (), calculates all IMF component c lower than power frequency respectively
ithe amplitude of (t) and singularity, and judged whether that sub-synchronous oscillation occurs, if any, and send alarm signal, otherwise, terminate.
2. a kind of wind-powered electricity generation electric current sub-synchronous oscillation detection method based on empirical mode decomposition as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (5), if new signal
not, namely still there is asymmetrical wave in envelope mean value m (t), then with new signal in an Intrinsic mode functions
for pending data, repeat step (2)-(4), obtain
obtain
rear repetition step (5), until the signal that kth time obtains
be an Intrinsic mode functions, then first intrinsic mode functions IMF component of primary signal is designated as:
3. a kind of wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation detection method based on empirical mode decomposition as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (6), and X
n(t) for after monotonic signal, the treatment step also comprised: primary signal remainder is:
r
n(t)=X
n(t)(4)
Due in Practical Calculation process, the average of upper and lower envelope cannot be zero, therefore introduces the threshold value S stopping iteration
das stopping mark:
Wherein h
kt () is a kth intrinsic mode functions component;
Final X (t) is broken down into n intrinsic mode functions IMF component c
i(t), i=1,2 ..., a n and residual components r
n(t):
4. a kind of wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation detection method based on empirical mode decomposition as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when having judged whether that sub-synchronous oscillation occurs, 2 conditions below the one or more component of appearance meets, then think and have sub-synchronous oscillation to occur:
A () amplitude is uprushed and higher than set-point;
B () current component wave form singularity is undergone mutation.
5. a kind of wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation detection method based on empirical mode decomposition as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, to the IMF component c of the current component medium frequency adopting empirical mode decomposition to obtain lower than power frequency
it () superposition reconstruct, completes the extraction of sub-synchronous oscillation electric current.
6. the wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation suppression method based on empirical mode decomposition, it is characterized in that, the wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation detection method based on empirical mode decomposition according to claim 5 is adopted to extract sub-synchronous oscillation electric current, according to extracting the wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation size of current obtained, sub-synchronous oscillation size of current is exported equal by energy storage device generation and wind-powered electricity generation, the current component that phase place is contrary, offsets the subsynchronous electric current of wind-powered electricity generation.
7. adopt the system of the wind-powered electricity generation sub-synchronous oscillation suppression method based on empirical mode decomposition according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, comprise energy storage device, instrument transformer, current controller and two way convertor, described energy storage device is connected to step-up transformer by two way convertor, wind power AC bus is accessed after boosting, wind power AC bus is provided with instrument transformer, the effect of instrument transformer is current sample, sampling the primary current obtained undertaken decomposing by Empirical mode decomposition and by decompose after Signal transmissions to current controller, current controller is according to the subsynchronous size of current of the wind-powered electricity generation arrived extracted and phase place, controlling electronic power convertor injects identical with subsynchronous size of current to bus, the electric current that phase place is contrary.
8., as claimed in claim 7 based on the system of the wind-powered electricity generation electric current sub-synchronous oscillation suppression method of empirical mode decomposition, it is characterized in that, energy storage device is electrochemistry, machinery, electromagnetism, phase transformation classification, and concrete form is battery, flywheel, superconduction or compressed air.
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CN106155981A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-23 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of sub-synchronous oscillation parameter detection method |
CN109683057A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-04-26 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of online disturbance source locating method and system of subsynchronous oscillation of electrical power system |
CN109683057B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2021-09-21 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Method and system for positioning subsynchronous oscillation online disturbance source of power system |
CN108845230A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-20 | 国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of sub-synchronous oscillation random time-dependent modal identification method |
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