CN105510698A - Power utilization characteristic metering method based on specified AC component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a power utilization characteristic metering method based on a specified AC component, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the sampling and quantifying of voltage and current of power equipment at the same time according to the requirements, so as to obtain the voltage sampling data and current sampling data at the same time; obtaining the DC components of voltage and current, the estimated power of each alternating current, the sine and cosine components of voltage and current through a pre-estimation-correction algorithm; and finally calculating the components reflecting the power utilization characteristics: DC power, the active power, reactive power, apparent power and power factor of the AC component. The method directly obtains the estimated power and the corresponding voltage sine component, voltage cosine component, current sine component and current cosine component through the pre-estimation-correction algorithm, obtains the active power, reactive power, apparent power and power factor of a frequency point, does not need to calculate a sine function and a cosine function, is small in calculation amount, and is easy to implement in a computer through programming.

Description

A kind of based on specify alternating component use electrical characteristics metering method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of based on specify alternating component use electrical characteristics metering method, belong to metering electric energy technical field.

Background technology

In engineering, often need evaluating by electrical characteristics circuit and electronic electric equipment, for this reason, the active power to DC power and alternating component (unknown frequency), reactive power, applied power and power factor is needed to measure, be typically employed in tested voltage and the long-pending electrodymamometer metering method carrying out integral operation of electric current in fixed time length at present, such as, based on the method for Fourier transform.Under being only all the condition of positive integer in integral time with the ratio in the cycle of all alternating components of measured signal, adopt these class methods could realize the accurate measurement of electric power, and the DC power of equipment under test and circuit and the power parameter of each unknown frequency alternating component can not be obtained simultaneously.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly use electrical characteristics metering method based on what specify alternating component, adopt integral operation to carry out measuring by electrical characteristics the problem of the DC power of equipment under test and circuit and the power parameter of each unknown frequency alternating component of can not simultaneously obtaining to solve.

The present invention be solve the problems of the technologies described above provide a kind of based on specify alternating component use electrical characteristics metering method, this metering method comprises the following steps:

1) voltage and current of consumer is gathered with setting cycle T, to obtain the sampled data of the voltage and current of synchronization simultaneously;

2) according to the alternating component number of specifying, combined interior homotopy is adopted to obtain the DC component of voltage and current, each estimated frequency of interchange and the sinusoidal component of voltage and electric current and cosine component;

3) according to sinusoidal component and the cosine component calculating electrical characteristics of the DC component of the voltage and current obtained, each estimated frequency of exchanging and voltage and electric current, DC power, the active power of alternating component, reactive power, applied power and power factor is comprised.

Described step 2) in the DC component of voltage and current, each estimated frequency of exchanging and the sinusoidal component of voltage and electric current and the computation process of cosine component as follows:

A. setting voltage DC component estimates initial value u ₀, current dc component estimates initial value i ₀, voltage sinusoidal component estimates initial value su _n, voltage cosine component estimates initial value cu _n, estimated frequency estimates initial value f _n, current sinusoidal component estimates initial value si _n, electric current cosine component estimates initial value ci _n;

B. calculating voltage DC component discreet value current dc component discreet value the discreet value of voltage sinusoidal component the discreet value of voltage cosine component estimated frequency discreet value the discreet value of current sinusoidal component with the discreet value of electric current cosine component

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_0^p=v\·\left(us-u_0-T\·{\underset{\‾}{u}}_0-\underset{m=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\left({\mathrm{su}}_m+T\·{\underset{\‾}{su}}_m\right)\right)\\ i_0^p=v\·\left(is-i_0-T\·{\underset{\‾}{i}}_0-\underset{m=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\left({\mathrm{si}}_m+T\·{\underset{\‾}{si}}_m\right)\right)\end{array}\right.$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{su}}_n^p=u_0^p+\left(f_n+T\·{\underset{\‾}{f}}_n\right)\·\left({\mathrm{cu}}_n+T\·{\underset{\‾}{cu}}_n\right)\\ {\mathrm{cu}}_n^p=-\left(f_n+T\·{\underset{\‾}{f}}_n\right)\·\left({\mathrm{su}}_n+T\·{\underset{\‾}{su}}_n\right)\\ f_n^p=\frac{r\·u_0^p\·\left({\mathrm{cu}}_n+T\·{\underset{\‾}{cu}}_n\right)}{d+{\left({\mathrm{su}}_n+T\·{\underset{\‾}{su}}_n\right)}^2+{\left({\mathrm{cu}}_n+T\·{\underset{\‾}{cu}}_n\right)}^2}\\ {\mathrm{si}}_n^p=i_0^p+f_n\·\left({\mathrm{ci}}_n+T\·{\underset{\‾}{ci}}_n\right)\\ {\mathrm{ci}}_n^p=-f_n\·\left({\mathrm{si}}_n+T\·{\underset{\‾}{si}}_n\right)\end{array}\right.$

Wherein T is the sampling period, and N is the number of specifying alternating component, and v is bandwidth, and r is Frequency Estimation gain, 0<r<10 ⁶, d is normalized parameter, u ₀for voltage DC component, su _nfor voltage sinusoidal component, cu _nfor voltage cosine component, f _nfor estimated frequency value, i ₀for current dc component, si _nfor current sinusoidal component, ci _nfor electric current cosine component;

C. according to the result of calculation calculating voltage DC component corrected value of step B current dc component corrected value voltage sinusoidal component correction value voltage cosine component corrected value estimated frequency corrected value current sinusoidal component correction value with electric current cosine component corrected value

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_0^c=u_0+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0+u_0^p\right)\\ i_0^c=i_0+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{i}}_0+i_0^p\right)\end{array}\right.$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{su}}_n^c={\mathrm{su}}_n+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{su}}_n+{\mathrm{su}}_n^p\right)\\ {\mathrm{cu}}_n^c={\mathrm{cu}}_n+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{cu}}_n+{\mathrm{cu}}_n^p\right)\\ f_n^c=f_n+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{f}}_n+f_n^p\right)\\ {\mathrm{si}}_n^c={\mathrm{si}}_n+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{si}}_n+{\mathrm{si}}_n^p\right)\\ {\mathrm{ci}}_n^c={\mathrm{ci}}_n+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{ci}}_n+{\mathrm{ci}}_n^p\right)\end{array}\right.;$

D. make the corrected value that obtains in step C be described step 3) in the DC component of corresponding voltage and current, each estimated frequency of exchanging and the sinusoidal component of voltage and electric current and the value of cosine component, namely

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_0=u_0^c\\ i_0=i_0^c\end{array}\right.$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{su}}_n={\mathrm{su}}_n^c\\ {\mathrm{cu}}_n={\mathrm{cu}}_n^c\\ f_n=f_n^c\\ {\mathrm{si}}_n={\mathrm{si}}_n^c\\ {\mathrm{ci}}_n={\mathrm{ci}}_n^c\end{array}\right.;$

E. according to newly obtaining estimating initial value, upgrading voltage DC component and estimating initial value u ₀, current dc component estimates initial value i ₀, voltage sinusoidal component estimates initial value su _n, voltage cosine component estimates initial value cu _n, estimated frequency estimates initial value f _n, current sinusoidal component estimates initial value si _nwith electric current cosine component increment ci _n,

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0=v\&CenterDot;\left(us-u_0-\underset{m=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{su}}_m\right)\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{i}}_0=v\&CenterDot;\left(is-i_0-\underset{m=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{si}}_m\right)\end{array}\right.$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\underset{\&OverBar;}{su}}_n={\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0+f_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{cu}}_n\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{cu}}_n=-f_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{su}}_n\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{f}}_n=\frac{r\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{cu}}_n\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0}{d+{{\mathrm{su}}_n}^2+{{\mathrm{cu}}_n}^2}\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{si}}_n={\underset{\&OverBar;}{i}}_0+f_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{ci}}_n\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{ci}}_n=-f_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{si}}_n\end{array}\right..$

Described step 3) in the computing formula of DC power, the active power of alternating component, reactive power, applied power and power factor as follows:

P ₀＝u ₀·i ₀

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{P}_n=0.5\left({\mathrm{su}}_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{si}}_n+{\mathrm{cu}}_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{ci}}_n\right)\\ Q_n=0.5\left({\mathrm{su}}_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{ci}}_n-{\mathrm{cu}}_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{si}}_n\right)\\ S_n=\sqrt{{P_n}^2+{Q_n}^2}\\ {\mathrm{\&xi;}}_n=P_n/S_n\end{array}\right.$

Wherein P ₀for DC power, P _nfor the active power of alternating component, Q _nfor reactive power, S _nfor applied power, ξ _nfor power factor.

Described metering method both can adopt offline mode to realize, and online mode also can be adopted to realize.

Described offline mode is applicable to the discrete-time series being kept at the voltage and current signal that the timing sampling on request in memory device obtains, its sampling and calculating are separately carried out, first with the cycle timing sampling measured signal of setting, and gained sampled data is stored in memory, form discrete-time series, and then discrete-time series is calculated.

Described online mode is applicable to carry out real-time computing to the often group sampled data of measured signal.

For online mode, Alternating Component number N and sampling period T also should meet (N+1) Δ t < T, and wherein Δ t represents the maximum time required for execution Interruption step.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention first on request timing samples to consumer voltage and current simultaneously and quantizes, to obtain voltage sample data and the current sampling data in same moment; Then alternating component number is specified to be N, by estimating-correcting algorithm obtains the DC component of voltage and current, and the sinusoidal component of each estimated frequency of exchanging and voltage and electric current and cosine component, finally reflect its amount by electrical characteristics according to formulae discovery, comprising: the active power of DC power and alternating component, reactive power, applied power and power factor.The present invention directly obtains the DC component of voltage and current with combined interior homotopy, and the voltage sinusoidal component of the estimated frequency of each interchange and correspondence, voltage cosine component, current sinusoidal component and electric current cosine component, and obtain the active power of this frequency, reactive power, applied power and power factor, do not need to calculate sine function and cosine function, structure is simple, operand is little, and do not require to keep specific numerical relation between assigned frequency, be convenient to harmonic wave and the m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo composition of analytical voltage and electric current.The present invention is easy to programming realization on computers, and has second order accuracy and second order convergence speed.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the embodiment of the present invention one based on the use electrical characteristics metering method of appointment alternating component;

Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the embodiment of the present invention two based on the use electrical characteristics metering method of appointment alternating component;

Fig. 3 is DC power change curve in l-G simulation test;

Fig. 4-a is the change curve of the active power 1 of alternating component in l-G simulation test;

Fig. 4-b is the change curve of the reactive power 1 of alternating component in l-G simulation test;

Fig. 5-a is the change curve of the active power 2 of alternating component in l-G simulation test;

Fig. 5-b is the change curve of the reactive power 2 of alternating component in l-G simulation test;

Fig. 6-a is the change curve of the active power 3 of alternating component in l-G simulation test;

Fig. 6-b is the change curve of the reactive power 3 of alternating component in l-G simulation test;

Fig. 7 is the power tracking total error change curve that the present invention is based on the use electrical characteristics metering method of specifying alternating component;

Fig. 8 is that the power factor that the present invention is based on the use electrical characteristics metering method of specifying alternating component follows the tracks of total error change curve.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.

Of the present inventionly use electrical characteristics metering method based on what specify alternating component, regularly consumer voltage and current sampled on request simultaneously and quantize, obtaining voltage sample data and the current sampling data in same moment; Alternating component number is specified to be N, by estimating-correcting algorithm obtains the DC component of voltage and current, and the sinusoidal component of each estimated frequency of exchanging and voltage and electric current and cosine component, then its amount using electrical characteristics is reflected according to formulae discovery, comprise: the active power of DC power and alternating component, reactive power, applied power and power factor etc., the method comprises off-line metering and on-line metering two kinds of embodiments.

Embodiment one:

The present embodiment adopts offline mode, under which with electrical characteristics metering methods flow process as shown in Figure 1, it is applicable to analyze the discrete-time series of the measured signals such as the voltage and current that the timing sampling be on request kept in memory device obtains.To be sampling carry out with calculating to separate for the feature of off-line embodiment, first with T second for the sampling period, timing sampling measured signal, is stored in gained sampled data in memory device, be formed with the discrete-time series of K data, and then analytical calculation is carried out to discrete-time series.

As shown in Figure 1, this metering method comprises initialization step and data processing step, and wherein data processing step comprises data and estimates-aligning step, calculates electric power and cycle control step part.

In initialization step (following step 1 ~ 2), first set the group number K of data in discrete-time series, setting when location number in discrete-time series of the data of pre-treatment and the current result of calculation location number m be kept in output sequence be 1; Then setup parameter T, N, α ₁, α ₂..., α _2N-1, α _2N, v, r, d value; Setting voltage DC component u ₀, voltage sinusoidal component su ₁, su ₂..., su _n, voltage cosine component cu ₁, cu ₂..., cu _n, estimated frequency f ₁, f ₂..., f _n, current dc component i ₀, current sinusoidal component si ₁, si ₂..., si _n, electric current cosine component ci ₁, ci ₂..., ci _ninitial value; Setting voltage DC component estimates initial value u ₀, current dc component estimates initial value i ₀, make subscript n respectively value be 1,2 ..., N, setting voltage sinusoidal component estimates initial value su _n, voltage cosine component estimates initial value cu _n, estimated frequency estimates initial value f _n, current sinusoidal component estimates initial value si _n, electric current cosine component estimates initial value ci _n; Then data processing step is entered.

Data estimate-aligning step in, first read the kth group voltage data in discrete-time series and current data, respectively as the voltage sample data us of pre-treatment and current sampling data is; Perform following step 3-7 respectively.

In electric power calculation procedure (following step 8), according to estimating-correction process after voltage DC component u ₀, voltage sinusoidal component su ₁, su ₂..., su _n, voltage cosine component cu ₁, cu ₂..., cu _n, estimated frequency f ₁, f ₂..., f _n, current dc component i ₀, current sinusoidal component si ₁, si ₂..., si _n, electric current cosine component ci ₁, ci ₂..., ci _n, calculate the active power of DC power and alternating component, reactive power, applied power and power factor.For ease of Algorithm Analysis, the numerical value of DC power, active power, reactive power, applied power, power factor is saved in m the position exporting series; Then calculate and estimate initial value and enter cycle control step.

In cycle control step (following step 9), first location number m is increased by 1, then judge whether that returning execution data estimates-aligning step according to the value of the group number K of data in location number m and discrete-time series.If m≤K, return execution data and estimate-aligning step; If m > is K, represents that in discrete-time series, all sampled datas are all processed complete, should stop running, terminate offline analytic process.

Embodiment two:

Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of embodiment two based on the use electrical characteristics metering method of appointment alternating component, the method is on-line analysis embodiment, it is applicable to carry out real-time analysis process to the often group sampled data of measured signal, the feature of on-line analysis embodiment is sampled while analytical calculation, namely often to sample one group of data, just carry out an analytical calculation.The use electrical characteristics metering method based on appointment alternating component of embodiment two comprises master routine and Interruption service routine.

In the initialization step (following step 1 ~ 2) that master routine comprises, first setup parameter T, N, α ₁, α ₂..., α _2N-1, α _2N, v, r, d value; The group number K of setting sampled data, the initial value of loop control variable m; Setting voltage DC component u ₀, voltage sinusoidal component su ₁, su ₂..., su _n, voltage cosine component cu ₁, cu ₂..., cu _n, estimated frequency ω ₁, ω ₂..., ω _n, current dc component i ₀, current sinusoidal component si ₁, si ₂..., si _n, electric current cosine component ci ₁, ci ₂..., ci _ninitial value; Then setting voltage DC component estimates initial value u ₀, current dc component estimates initial value i ₀, make subscript n respectively value be 1,2 ..., N, setting voltage sinusoidal component estimates initial value su _n, voltage cosine component estimates initial value cu _n, estimated frequency estimates initial value f _n, current sinusoidal component estimates initial value si _n, electric current cosine component estimates initial value ci _n; Then the timing resetting timer is T second, and T is the sampling period meeting Shannon's sampling theorem requirement, and the Interruption of open system.

In Interruption service step (following step 3 ~ 7), first preserve the currency of each register of interrupt spot; Then tested voltage and current signal is sampled simultaneously, obtain voltage sample data us and current sampling data is, perform and estimate-correction process step (will be described in detail hereinafter); Recover the value of each register of interrupt spot again; Then interrupt turning back to master routine (following step 8 ~ 9) to perform.

On-line analysis embodiment produces Interruption event by timer circulation, causes interrupt service routine to circulate and performs.

Embodiment one and embodiment two based on specifying, estimating in the use electrical characteristics metering method of alternating component-correction process step is as follows.No matter be offline mode or online mode, for voltage sample data us and the current sampling data is of measured signal, all estimate-correction process step execution by following.

Estimate-correction process step is as follows:

1. setup parameter T, N, α ₁, α ₂..., α _2N-1, α _2N, v, r, d value, setting voltage DC component u ₀, voltage sinusoidal component su ₁, su ₂..., su _n, voltage cosine component cu ₁, cu ₂..., cu _n, estimated frequency f ₁, f ₂..., f _n, current dc component i ₀, current sinusoidal component si ₁, si ₂..., si _nwith electric current cosine component ci ₁, ci ₂..., ci _ninitial value, setting sampled data group number K, the initial value of loop control variable m;

2. setting voltage DC component estimates initial value u ₀, current dc component estimates initial value i ₀, make subscript n respectively value be 1,2 ..., N, setting voltage sinusoidal component estimates initial value su _n, voltage cosine component estimates initial value cu _n, estimated frequency estimates initial value f _n, current sinusoidal component estimates initial value si _n, electric current cosine component estimates initial value ci _n;

3. read voltage sample data us and current sampling data is;

4. calculate discreet value: utilize formula (1) to obtain the discreet value of voltage DC component current dc component discreet value make subscript n respectively value be 1,2 ..., N, circulation execution formula (2), obtains the discreet value of voltage sinusoidal component the discreet value of voltage cosine component estimated frequency discreet value the discreet value of current sinusoidal component with the discreet value of electric current cosine component

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_0^p=v\&CenterDot;\left(us-u_0-T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0-\underset{m=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\left({\mathrm{su}}_m+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{su}}_m\right)\right)\\ i_0^p=v\&CenterDot;\left(is-i_0-T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{i}}_0-\underset{m=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\left({\mathrm{si}}_m+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{si}}_m\right)\right)\end{array}\right.---\left(1\right)$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{su}}_n^p=u_0^p+\left(f_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{f}}_n\right)\&CenterDot;\left({\mathrm{cu}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{cu}}_n\right)\\ {\mathrm{cu}}_n^p=-\left(f_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{f}}_n\right)\&CenterDot;\left({\mathrm{su}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{su}}_n\right)\\ f_n^p=\frac{r\&CenterDot;u_0^p\&CenterDot;\left({\mathrm{cu}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{cu}}_n\right)}{d+{\left({\mathrm{su}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{su}}_n\right)}^2+{\left({\mathrm{cu}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{cu}}_n\right)}^2}\\ {\mathrm{si}}_n^p=i_0^p+f_n\&CenterDot;\left({\mathrm{ci}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{ci}}_n\right)\\ {\mathrm{ci}}_n^p=-f_n\&CenterDot;\left({\mathrm{si}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{si}}_n\right)\end{array}\right.---\left(2\right)$

5. calculate corrected value: obtain voltage DC component correction value according to formula (3) current dc component corrected value make subscript n respectively value be 1,2 ..., N, circulation execution formula (4) is respectively to voltage sinusoidal component correction value voltage cosine component corrected value estimated frequency corrected value current sinusoidal component correction value electric current cosine component corrected value

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_0^c=u_0+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0+u_0^p\right)\\ i_0^c=i_0+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{i}}_0+i_0^p\right)\end{array}\right.---\left(3\right)$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{su}}_n^c={\mathrm{su}}_n+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{su}}_n+{\mathrm{su}}_n^p\right)\\ {\mathrm{cu}}_n^c={\mathrm{cu}}_n+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{cu}}_n+{\mathrm{cu}}_n^p\right)\\ f_n^c=f_n+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{f}}_n+f_n^p\right)\\ {\mathrm{si}}_n^c={\mathrm{si}}_n+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{si}}_n+{\mathrm{si}}_n^p\right)\\ {\mathrm{ci}}_n^c={\mathrm{ci}}_n+0.5T\left({\underset{\&OverBar;}{ci}}_n+{\mathrm{ci}}_n^p\right)\end{array}\right.---\left(4\right)$

6. make corrected value be estimated value: to obtain voltage DC component correction value u according to formula (5) ₀, current dc component corrected value i ₀, make subscript n respectively value be 1,2 ..., N, circulation execution formula (6) is respectively to voltage sinusoidal component correction value su _n, voltage cosine component corrected value cu _n, estimated frequency corrected value f _n, current sinusoidal component correction value si _n, electric current cosine component corrected value ci _n, and to estimated frequency f _ncarry out amplitude limiting processing with the α that satisfies condition _2n-1≤ f _n< α _2n;

$\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_0=u_0^c\\ i_0=i_0^c\end{array}---\left(5\right)$

7. upgrade and estimate initial value: according to the voltage DC component u obtained ₀, voltage sinusoidal component su ₁, su ₂..., su _n, voltage cosine component cu ₁, cu ₂..., cu _n, estimated frequency f ₁, f ₂..., f _n, current dc component i ₀, current sinusoidal component si ₁, si ₂..., si _n, electric current cosine component ci ₁, ci ₂..., ci _nvalue, utilize formula (7) to upgrade voltage DC component and estimate initial value u ₀, current dc component estimates initial value i ₀, make subscript n respectively value be 1,2 ..., N, circulation execution formula (8) upgrades voltage sinusoidal component and estimates initial value su _n, voltage cosine component estimates initial value cu _n, estimated frequency estimates initial value f _n, current sinusoidal component estimates initial value si _nwith electric current cosine component increment ci _n;

$\{\begin{array}{c}{\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0=v\&CenterDot;\left(us-u_0-\underset{m=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{su}}_m\right)\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{i}}_0=v\&CenterDot;\left(is-i_0-\underset{m=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{si}}_m\right)\end{array}---\left(7\right)$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\underset{\&OverBar;}{su}}_n={\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0+f_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{cu}}_n\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{cu}}_n=-f_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{su}}_n\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{f}}_n=\frac{r\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{cu}}_n\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0}{d+{{\mathrm{su}}_n}^2+{{\mathrm{cu}}_n}^2}\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{si}}_n={\underset{\&OverBar;}{i}}_0+f_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{ci}}_n\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{ci}}_n=-f_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{si}}_n\end{array}\right.---\left(8\right)$

8. export data: according to the voltage DC component u obtained ₀, voltage sinusoidal component su ₁, su ₂..., su _n, voltage cosine component cu ₁, cu ₂..., cu _n, current dc component i ₀, current sinusoidal component si ₁, si ₂..., si _n, electric current cosine component ci ₁, ci ₂..., ci _nvalue, utilize formula (9) by DC power export be saved to P ₀[m], make subscript n respectively value be 1,2 ..., N, circulation execution formula (10), exports active power, reactive power, applied power and power factor successively and is saved to P _n[m], Q _n[m], S _n[m] ξ _n[m].

P ₀[m]＝u ₀·i ₀(9)

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{P}_n\&lsqb;m\&rsqb;=0.5\left({\mathrm{su}}_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{si}}_n+{\mathrm{cu}}_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{ci}}_n\right)\\ Q_n\&lsqb;m\&rsqb;=0.5\left({\mathrm{su}}_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{ci}}_n-{\mathrm{cu}}_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{si}}_n\right)\\ S_n\&lsqb;m\&rsqb;=\sqrt{{P_n}^2+{Q_n}^2}\\ {\mathrm{\&xi;}}_n\&lsqb;m\&rsqb;=P_n/S_n\end{array}\right.---\left(10\right)$

9. make m=m+1, if m≤K, then go to step 3, perform to step 8 successively downwards, otherwise all sampled datas are processed complete, terminate.

In above-mentioned two kinds of embodiments, sampling period T, Alternating Component number N and parameter alpha ₁, α ₂..., α _2N-1, α _2Nnumerical value, all can require to set according to the priori of measured signal and signal analysis.First sampling period T will meet Shannon's sampling theorem requirement.Of the present invention based on specifying the use electrical characteristics metering method of alternating component to belong to Two Order Method, each estimates-error between the steady-state value of correcting variable and its actual value, and relevant to the quadratic power of sampling period T, the sampling period is less, and analysis precision is higher.For on-line analysis mode, by the restriction of real-time, Alternating Component number N and sampling period T also should meet (N+1) Δ t < T, and wherein Δ t represents the maximum time required for execution Interruption step.

Because the estimated frequency of the use electrical characteristics metering method based on specifying alternating component of the present invention is local convergence, each estimated frequency is needed to be limited in certain variation range, thus carry out amplitude limiting processing to estimated frequency, this makes the physics dimension of estimated frequency be radian per second.The α increased progressively successively ₁, α ₂..., α _2Nensure that the variation range of any two estimated frequencies does not have common factor.Because data in computer system are limited wordlengths, for avoiding estimating-trimming process in occur saturated, to DC component, each Alternating Component just, cosine component also can carry out amplitude limiting processing.

The physical significance of parameter v is equivalent to the bandwidth of passband, and according to Shannon's sampling theorem, limiting its numerical value is 0 < v < 2 π/T.The speed of convergence of v numerical values recited to estimated amplitude has major effect, and the value of v is larger, and estimated amplitude more quickly converges to actual value, but increases the harmful effect of interference to Amplitude Estimation precision simultaneously.The speed of convergence of numerical value to estimated frequency of parameter r has major effect, and the value of r is larger, and estimated frequency more quickly converges to actual value, but increases the harmful effect of interference to estimated frequency precision simultaneously.Preferably, 0 < r < 10 is limited ⁶.

The numerical value of each estimated frequency estimating through first time-correction process and amplitude limiting processing after, be namely limited at respectively in the tolerance interval of setting.As all estimated frequency f ₁, f ₂..., f _nall converge to after actual value, voltage DC component u ₀, voltage sinusoidal component su ₁, su ₂..., su _n, voltage cosine component cu ₁, cu ₂..., cu _n, current dc component i ₀, current sinusoidal component si ₁, si ₂..., si _n, electric current cosine component ci ₁, ci ₂..., ci _ncan converge to respective actual value respectively, the initial value therefore for these variablees is not particularly limited.Preferably, all 0 is set as.

For the initial value estimating variable, comprise voltage DC component and estimate initial value u ₀, current dc component estimates initial value i ₀, voltage sinusoidal component estimates initial value su ₁, su ₂..., su _n, voltage cosine component estimates initial value cu ₁, cu ₂..., cu _n, estimated frequency estimates initial value f ₁, f ₂..., f _n, current sinusoidal component estimates initial value si ₁, si ₂..., si _n, electric current cosine component estimates initial value ci ₁, ci ₂..., ci _n, be not particularly limited.Preferably, all 0 is set as.

Suppose that tested voltage signal is expressed as u (t)=U ₀+ U ₁sin (w ₁t+ θ ₁)+U ₂sin (w ₂t+ θ ₂)+... + U _nsin (w _nt+ θ _n), tested current signal representation is if for subscript n respectively value be 1,2 ..., N, actual frequency all meets α _2n-1≤ w _n< α _2n, then after said method analysis, DC power P ₀converge to U ₀i ₀, active-power P _n, reactive power Q _n, applied power S _nconverge to respectively 0.5U _ni _n, as applied power S _nwhen being not equal to 0, power factor ξ _nconverge to

The validity of the use electrical characteristics metering method based on appointment alternating component of the present invention is described below in conjunction with example.

Such as: tested voltage signal is u=U ₀+ U ₁sin (w ₁t+ θ ₁)+U ₂sin (w ₂t+ θ ₂)+U ₃sin (w ₃t+ θ ₃), tested current signal is wherein three a-c cycle w ₁, w ₂, w ₃unit is radian per second, the change of parameters t is in time as shown in table 1, wherein π is circular constant, corresponding DC power as shown in Figure 3, exchange active power 1 if Fig. 4-a, interchange reactive power 1 are as shown in Fig. 4-b, exchange active power 2 if Fig. 5-a, interchange reactive power 2 are as shown in Fig. 5-b, exchange active power 3 if Fig. 6-a, interchange reactive power 3 are as shown in Fig. 6-b.

Table 1

For the validity of the use electrical characteristics metering method based on appointment alternating component of the present invention is described by change curve, definition power tracking total error err _pfor:

Definition power factor follows the tracks of total error err _cfor:

If sampling period T=0.1 millisecond, first with T second for the sampling period, timing is sampled to tested voltage and current signal simultaneously, obtains sampled data and forms discrete-time series, again according to the off-line analysis embodiment shown in Fig. 1, coding is simulation run in a computer.Setting N=3, r=10, v=200, d=10 ^-8; Setting α ₁, α ₂, α ₃, α ₄, α ₅, α ₆value be followed successively by 80 π, 100 π, 140 π, 160 π, 180 π, 210 π; Setting estimated frequency f ₁, f ₂, f ₃initial value be followed successively by 85 π, 150 π, 195 π.Setting voltage DC component u ₀, voltage sinusoidal component su ₁, su ₂, su ₃, voltage cosine component cu ₁, cu ₂, cu ₃, current dc component i ₀, current sinusoidal component si ₁, si ₂, si ₃, electric current cosine component ci ₁, ci ₂, ci ₃initial value be 0.

Setting voltage DC component increment u ₀, current dc component increment i ₀, voltage sinusoidal component estimates initial value su ₁, su ₂, su ₃, voltage cosine component estimates initial value cu ₁, cu ₂, cu ₃, estimated frequency estimates initial value f ₁, f ₂, f ₃, current sinusoidal component estimates initial value si ₁, si ₂, si ₃, electric current cosine component estimates initial value ci ₁, ci ₂, ci ₃be 0.

Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 respectively depict simulation run gained power tracking total error erp _ptotal error err is followed the tracks of with power factor _cfig. 7 is for illustration of of the present invention based on specifying the use electrical characteristics metering method metering DC power of alternating component and exchanging the performance of active power, reactive power, applied power, and Fig. 8 is for illustration of the performance based on specifying the use electrical characteristics metering method of alternating component to measure power factor of the present invention.Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 shows when the amplitude of voltage and current and phase angle or a-c cycle generation saltus step, and DC power, the active power of each alternating component, reactive power, applied power and power factor of measuring containing the electrodymamometer metering method of direct current and multiple Alternating Component of the present invention can converge to respective actual value respectively.

Above embodiment is only exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and be not used in restriction the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.Those skilled in the art can in essence of the present invention and protection domain, and make various amendment or equivalent replacement to the present invention, this amendment or equivalent replacement also should be considered as dropping in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. based on specify alternating component use an electrical characteristics metering method, it is characterized in that, this metering method comprises the following steps:

1) voltage and current of consumer is gathered with setting cycle T, to obtain the sampled data of the voltage and current of synchronization simultaneously;

2) according to the alternating component number of specifying, combined interior homotopy is adopted to obtain the DC component of voltage and current, each estimated frequency of interchange and the sinusoidal component of voltage and electric current and cosine component;

3) according to sinusoidal component and the cosine component calculating electrical characteristics of the DC component of the voltage and current obtained, each estimated frequency of exchanging and voltage and electric current, DC power, the active power of alternating component, reactive power, applied power and power factor is comprised.

2. according to claim 1 based on specify alternating component use electrical characteristics metering method, it is characterized in that, described step 2) in the DC component of voltage and current, each estimated frequency of exchanging and the sinusoidal component of voltage and electric current and the computation process of cosine component as follows:

A. setting voltage DC component estimates initial value u ₀, current dc component estimates initial value i ₀, voltage sinusoidal component estimates initial value su _n, voltage cosine component estimates initial value cu _n, estimated frequency estimates initial value f _n, current sinusoidal component estimates initial value si _n, electric current cosine component estimates initial value ci _n;

B. calculating voltage DC component discreet value current dc component discreet value the discreet value of voltage sinusoidal component the discreet value of voltage cosine component estimated frequency discreet value the discreet value of current sinusoidal component with the discreet value of electric current cosine component

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_0^p=v\&CenterDot;\left(us-u_0-T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0-\underset{m=1}{\overset{N}{\&Sigma;}}\left({\mathrm{su}}_m+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{su}}_m\right)\right)\\ i_0^p=v\&CenterDot;\left(is-i_0-T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{i}}_0-\underset{m=1}{\overset{N}{\&Sigma;}}\left({\mathrm{si}}_m+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{si}}_m\right)\right)\end{array}\right.$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{su}}_n^p=u_0^p+(f_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{f}}_n)\&CenterDot;({\mathrm{cu}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{cu}}_n)\\ {\mathrm{cu}}_n^p=-(f_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{f}}_n)\&CenterDot;({\mathrm{su}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{su}}_n)\\ f_n^p=\frac{r\&CenterDot;u_0^p\&CenterDot;({\mathrm{cu}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{cu}}_n)}{d+{({\mathrm{su}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{su}}_n)}^2+{({\mathrm{cu}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{cu}}_n)}^2}\\ {\mathrm{si}}_n^p=i_0^p+f_n\&CenterDot;({\mathrm{ci}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{ci}}_n)\\ {\mathrm{ci}}_n^p=-f_n\&CenterDot;({\mathrm{si}}_n+T\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{si}}_n)\end{array}\right.$

Wherein T is the sampling period, and N is the number of specifying alternating component, and v is bandwidth, and r is Frequency Estimation gain, 0<r<10 ⁶, d is normalized parameter, u ₀for voltage DC component, su _nfor voltage sinusoidal component, cu _nfor voltage cosine component, f _nfor estimated frequency value, i ₀for current dc component, si _nfor current sinusoidal component, ci _nfor electric current cosine component;

C. according to the result of calculation calculating voltage DC component corrected value of step B current dc component corrected value voltage sinusoidal component correction value voltage cosine component corrected value estimated frequency corrected value current sinusoidal component correction value with electric current cosine component corrected value

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_0^c=u_0+0.5T({\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0+u_0^p)\\ i_0^c=i_0+0.5T({\underset{\&OverBar;}{i}}_0+i_0^p)\end{array}\right.$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{su}}_n^c={\mathrm{su}}_n+0.5T({\underset{\&OverBar;}{su}}_n+{\mathrm{su}}_n^p)\\ {\mathrm{cu}}_n^c={\mathrm{cu}}_n+0.5T({\underset{\&OverBar;}{cu}}_n+{\mathrm{cu}}_n^p)\\ f_n^c=f_n+0.5T({\underset{\&OverBar;}{f}}_n+f_n^p)\\ {\mathrm{si}}_n^c={\mathrm{si}}_n+0.5T({\underset{\&OverBar;}{si}}_n+{\mathrm{si}}_n^p)\\ {\mathrm{ci}}_n^c={\mathrm{ci}}_n+0.5T({\underset{\&OverBar;}{ci}}_n+{\mathrm{ci}}_n^p)\end{array}\right.;$

D. make the corrected value that obtains in step C be described step 3) in the DC component of corresponding voltage and current, each estimated frequency of exchanging and the sinusoidal component of voltage and electric current and the value of cosine component, namely

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_0=u_0^c\\ i_0=i_0^c\end{array}\right.$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{su}}_n={\mathrm{su}}_n^s\\ {\mathrm{cu}}_n={\mathrm{cu}}_n^c\\ f_n=f_n^c\\ {\mathrm{si}}_n={\mathrm{si}}_n^c\\ {\mathrm{ci}}_n={\mathrm{ci}}_n^c\end{array}\right.;$

E. according to newly obtaining estimating initial value, upgrading voltage DC component and estimating initial value u ₀, current dc component estimates initial value i ₀, voltage sinusoidal component estimates initial value su _n, voltage cosine component estimates initial value cu _n, estimated frequency estimates initial value f _n, current sinusoidal component estimates initial value si _nwith electric current cosine component increment ci _n,

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0=v\&CenterDot;\left(us-u_0-\underset{m=1}{\overset{N}{\&Sigma;}}{\mathrm{su}}_m\right)\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{i}}_0=v\&CenterDot;\left(is-i_0-\underset{m=1}{\overset{N}{\&Sigma;}}{\mathrm{si}}_m\right)\end{array}\right.$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\underset{\&OverBar;}{su}}_n={\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0+f_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{cu}}_n\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{cu}}_n=-f_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{cu}}_n\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{f}}_n=\frac{r\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{cu}}_n\&CenterDot;{\underset{\&OverBar;}{u}}_0}{d+{{\mathrm{su}}_n}^2+{{\mathrm{cu}}_n}^2}\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{si}}_n={\underset{\&OverBar;}{i}}_0+f_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{ci}}_n\\ {\underset{\&OverBar;}{ci}}_n=-f_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{si}}_n\end{array}\right..$

3. according to claim 2ly use electrical characteristics metering method based on what specify alternating component, it is characterized in that, described step 3) computing formula of middle DC power, the active power of alternating component, reactive power, applied power and power factor is as follows:

P ₀＝u ₀·i ₀

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{P}_n=0.5({\mathrm{su}}_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{si}}_n+{\mathrm{cu}}_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{ci}}_n)\\ Q_n=0.5({\mathrm{su}}_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{ci}}_n-{\mathrm{cu}}_n\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{si}}_n)\\ S_n=\sqrt{{P_n}^2+{Q_n}^2}\\ {\mathrm{\&xi;}}_n=P_n/S_n\end{array}\right.$

Wherein P ₀for DC power, P _nfor the active power of alternating component, Q _nfor reactive power, S _nfor applied power, ξ _nfor power factor.

4. according to claim 3 based on specify alternating component use electrical characteristics metering method, it is characterized in that, described metering method both can adopt offline mode to realize, and online mode also can be adopted to realize.

5. according to claim 4 based on specify alternating component use electrical characteristics metering method, it is characterized in that, described offline mode is applicable to the discrete-time series being kept at the voltage and current signal that the timing sampling on request in memory device obtains, its sampling and calculating are separately carried out, first with the cycle timing sampling measured signal of setting, and gained sampled data is stored in memory, form discrete-time series, and then discrete-time series is calculated.

6. according to claim 4 based on specify alternating component use electrical characteristics metering method, it is characterized in that, described online mode is applicable to carry out real-time computing to the often group sampled data of measured signal.

7. according to claim 6 based on specify alternating component use electrical characteristics metering method, it is characterized in that, for online mode, Alternating Component number N and sampling period T also should meet (N+1) Δ t < T, and wherein Δ t represents the maximum time required for execution Interruption step.