CN105510405B - A kind of capacitor type cement base dew cell and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of capacitor type cement base dew cell and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105510405B CN105510405B CN201510929489.5A CN201510929489A CN105510405B CN 105510405 B CN105510405 B CN 105510405B CN 201510929489 A CN201510929489 A CN 201510929489A CN 105510405 B CN105510405 B CN 105510405B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
- G01N27/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity
- G01N27/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity by using hygroscopic materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of capacitor type cement base dew cell and preparation method thereof.The element is by cylindric cement base base substrate and parallel to two discs, distance is formed for the round electrode at 10 20cm inwards positioned at away from cylindric cement base base substrate two-port；The cylindric cement base base substrate is sealing adhesive with round electrode by being mixed with the copper powder of conducting resinl；Round electrode is connected to conducting wire.The element durability is good, while draws a certain amount of porous adsorbing material of incorporation, is in close contact with building, can synchronous building structure content relative humidity, measurement result are reliable in time in time；The durability that the measuring cell does not interfere with building structure is embedded to, it is cheap, project cost can be substantially reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of relative humidity perception test element, specifically, is related to one kind and is used for cement matrix
Material（Such as cement mortar, concrete）Inside relative humidity of cement base material changes during hydration process and long-time service one
Kind capacitor type cement base dew cell and preparation method thereof, belongs to engineering material detection field.
Background technology
Cement-based material under usual conditions, its drying shrinkage, creep with crackle formed etc. mechanical characteristic and its inside it is relatively wet
Degree condition is closely related；And for the cement-based material for being chronically in dry, wet alternate environment, its internal environment humidity becomes
It is even more inseparable to change with its endurance quality.Therefore accurate detection cement-based material interior humidity change can favorably understand soil in depth
The health status of Wood construction structure.Currently used test method is pre-buried tube method, and this method is poured in cement-based material
When pre-buried pipeline, Digital Humidity measuring cell is placed in tube bottom when it is with intensity, then again with the external world carry out isolating seal,
But its plugging material bleeding and sealing difficulty are big.Patent of invention CN101603937B " test by inside relative humidity of cement base material
Device and its test method " and CN103163285A " a kind of to measure cement concrete internal relative humidity and the device of temperature " gram
The disadvantages mentioned above of traditional pre-buried pipeline is taken, but above two method cannot still test cement casting early stage inside well relatively
Humidity, while the Digital Humidity measuring cell in device is too big with cement-based material internal voids, causes both residing space phases
It is synchronous to humidity difficult.In addition, civil construction is different, it is necessary to which often there are many places, a humidity in the position for carrying out moisture measurement
Measuring device is only capable of being responsible for the humidity for measuring certain privileged site, to carry out many places measurement, it is necessary to pre-buried to civil engineering structure
Multiple humidity measuring instruments, this will cause the stress of whole building structure to be greatly reduced, and seriously affect its durability；It is and wet
Degree measuring device service life is low, is needed replacing during military service, cost is relatively high, greatly improves project cost.Therefore, invent
Go out a kind of relative humidity that can accurately test inside cement-based material aquation, multimetering does not influence structural stress, using the longevity
Life is long, the moisture measurement element of low cost has very important significance.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of capacitor type cement base dew cell, by measuring electricity inside cement-based material
Hold the change of signal, the humidity change of all the period of time reaction civil structure therein.Due to measuring cell of the present invention inherently
Cement-based material, while draw a certain amount of porous adsorbing material of incorporation, it is in close contact with building, can synchronous building structure in time
Content relative humidity, measurement result are reliable in time；The durability that the measuring cell does not interfere with building structure is embedded to, price is low
It is honest and clean, project cost can be substantially reduced, therefore have broad application prospects.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of capacitor type cement base dew cell.
The present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of capacitor type cement base dew cell, it is characterised in that it is by cylindric cement base base substrate and positioned at away from circle
Parallel to two discs, distance is formed columnar cement base base substrate two-port for the round electrode at 10-20cm inwards；It is described cylindric
Cement base base substrate is sealing adhesive with round electrode by being mixed with the copper powder of conducting resinl；Round electrode is connected to conducting wire.
The cylindric cement base base substrate is made of the raw material of following percentage by weight：Cement mortar 92-95%, leads
Electric material 1-2%, porous adsorbing material 3-6%.
The round electrode is the copper conductor of a diameter of 1.38mm-2.26mm.
The cement mortar is made of 42.5 Portland cements, quartzy sand fine aggregate and water；The cement bonded sand pulp-water
Gray scale 0.5, cement-aggregate ratio 0.3；The quartz sand fine aggregate particle size range 3-4.5mm.
The conductive material is by chopped carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes and nano carbon black according to 0.5:1:0.8 weight ratio composition.
The porous adsorbing material is one or more of combinations in zeolite, attapulgite, sepiolite and diatomite.
The chopped carbon fiber is polypropylene/olefin chopped carbon fiber, its length 10-15mm, 7 μm of diameter, line resistance 85
Ω/m；The carbon nanotubes outside diameter 20-40nm, internal diameter 5-10nm, length is 50 μm, specific surface area 100m2/g；It is described
Nano carbon black, diameter 2-3nm, proportion 1.8-1.91g/cm3。
The preparation method of above-mentioned capacitor type cement base dew cell, it comprises the following steps：
1）By zeolite, concave convex rod, sepiolite and honed 200 mesh sieve of diatomite in powder, with Portland cement and quartz
Sand fine aggregate mixes in proportion to obtain mixture；
2）The conductive material that chopped carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes and nano carbon black are formed in proportion, with accounting for cement quality 1%
Dispersant hydroxyethyl cellulose be distributed in water mixed solution be made；
3）In proportion by step 1）Gained mixture and step 2）Simultaneously ultrasonic disperse uniformly obtains cement for resulting solution mixing
Sill, then pours cement-based material in cylindrical mold, and it is 20 ± 1oC to be put into temperature, relative humidity >=90%
Conserved in fog room, continue at a temperature of 20 ± 1oC to conserve 28d into the water after 1d, be then dried in vacuo；
4）A pair of of round electrode is installed in the cylinder cement base base substrate conserved and drying is completed, i.e., positioned at away from cylindric water
Parallel to two discs, distance to cut circular groove at 10-20cm, circular electrode is embedded to mud base base substrate two-port, electricity inwards
Pole is sealed with cement-based material contact site by the copper powder for being mixed with conducting resinl, final to obtain capacitor type cement base dew cell.
Surface-treated chopped carbon fiber and carbon nanotubes are evenly spread in cement mortar by special process, can
It is uniformly distributed in thin see with the micro-scale angle small electric container that to form many size scales different, these small electric containers
In concrete, assign cement-based material certain capacitance signal by serial or parallel connection mode, if appointed inside cement-based material
The change of what position recurring structure or component, accesses round electrode, by measuring cement by above-mentioned cement base humidity-sensitive material
Sill capacitance signal point can perceive this change rapidly.The change of cement-based material humidity can be attributed to material internal washiness
Few change, therefore the change of humidity can be perceived by measuring capacitance signal；Simultaneously because the dielectric constant of moisture compares cement
Sill is high, therefore causes the change of cement-based material capacitance signal obvious by humidity change.It is pre- during tested construction
Spacing, building reserved location is embedded to after building completion by cement base dew cell, and extraction wire connects measuring apparatus, you can
All the period of time perceives the humidity change of building structure measured position.
The present invention is by measuring the capacitance signal of dew cell, rather than the telecommunications of resistance signal perceptually ambient humidity
Number.This is because capacitance signal compared with resistance signal, has the characteristics that change is sensitive, stability is good.Leading in dew cell
Electric material includes chopped carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes and nano carbon black, these conductive materials form many capacitances in cement matrix
Relatively large capacitor is formed between device, wherein carbon fiber；More microcosmic capacitor is formed between carbon nanotubes, so that
Microcosmos area further enhances the capacitance of whole temperature sensor element.The chopped carbon fiber in dew cell, carbon are received at this time
The volume of mitron and nano carbon black and not up to conduction oozes threshold value, change of the element to extraneous temperature or stress is insensitive,
Therefore the negligible interference of ambient temperature and stress to humidity measurement results.Cement-based material humidity is higher, moisture measurement element
Since easy quick adsorption is got over juicy comprising porous adsorbing material, cause being continuously increased for measuring cell capacitance, such as
Fruit establishes the correlation between ambient humidity and moisture measurement component capacitance value in advance, measures the capacitance of moisture measurement element
The internal relative humidity of cement-based material oneself is perceived to calculate.
Cylinder dew cell of the invention can be directly uprightly installed in the reserving hole of moisture measurement needed for building, taken into account
Reinforcing construction structure, outer seal portion retain a distance with element；A pair of of round electrode reserves building hole on element
Outside, whole mounting process are simple；It can be required at the same time according to building interior Humidity Detection position, change moisture measurement element
For size to facilitate detection, the measurement of capacitance signal uses digital electric bridge.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Due to measuring cell inherently cement-based material, durability is good, while draws and mix
Enter a certain amount of porous adsorbing material, be in close contact with building, synchronous building structure content relative humidity, measurement can be tied in time
Fruit is reliable in time；The durability that the measuring cell does not interfere with building structure is embedded to, it is cheap, engineering can be substantially reduced and made
Valency.The measurement of each age internal relative humidity of cement-based material is applicable to, applies also for phase under various different spaces and environment
Measurement to humidity.Therefore the cement base dew cell has a extensive future.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the moisture measurement component capacitance rate variation diagram in 0-90RH% RH ranges of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the moisture measurement component capacitance rate variation diagram in 0-90RH% RH ranges of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 3 is the moisture measurement component capacitance rate variation diagram in 0-90RH% RH ranges of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of capacitor type cement base dew cell, it is by cylindric cement base base substrate and positioned at away from cylindric cement base base
Parallel to two discs, distance is formed body two-port for the round electrode at 10cm inwards；The cylindric cement base base substrate and round
Electrode is sealing adhesive by being mixed with the copper powder of conducting resinl, and round electrode is connected to conducting wire.
Cylindric cement base base substrate therein is made of the raw material of following percentage by weight：Cement mortar 95%, it is conductive
Material 1%, porous adsorbing material 4%.
The round electrode is the copper conductor of a diameter of 1.38mm.
The cement mortar is made of 42.5 Portland cements, quartzy sand fine aggregate and water；The cement bonded sand pulp-water
Gray scale 0.5, cement-aggregate ratio 0.3.Wherein quartzy sand fine aggregate particle size range 3-4.5mm.
The conductive material is by chopped carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes and nano carbon black according to 0.5:1:0.8 weight ratio composition.
The chopped carbon fiber of selection is polypropylene/olefin chopped carbon fiber, its length 10mm, 7 μm of diameter, line resistance is 85 Ω/m；Carbon nanometer
Pipe overall diameter 30nm, internal diameter 5nm, length is 50 μm, specific surface area 100m2/g；Nano carbon black, diameter 3nm, proportion
1.8g/cm3。
The porous adsorbing material is one or more of combinations in zeolite, attapulgite, sepiolite and diatomite.
Based on above-mentioned raw materials, prepare by the following method：
1）By zeolite, concave convex rod, sepiolite and honed 200 mesh sieve of diatomite in powder, with Portland cement and quartz
Sand fine aggregate mixes in proportion to obtain mixture；
2）The conductive material that chopped carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes and nano carbon black are formed in proportion, with accounting for cement quality 1%
Dispersant hydroxyethyl cellulose be distributed in water mixed solution be made；
3）In proportion by step 1）Gained mixture and step 2）Simultaneously ultrasonic disperse uniformly obtains cement for resulting solution mixing
Sill, then pours cement-based material in cylindrical mold, and it is 20 ± 1oC to be put into temperature, relative humidity >=90%
Conserved in fog room, continue at a temperature of 20 ± 1oC to conserve 28d into the water after 1d, be then dried in vacuo；
4）A pair of of round electrode is installed in the cylinder cement base base substrate conserved and drying is completed, i.e., positioned at away from cylindric water
Parallel to two discs, distance to cut circular groove at 10-20cm, circular electrode is embedded to mud base base substrate two-port, electricity inwards
Pole is sealed with cement-based material contact site by the copper powder for being mixed with conducting resinl, final to obtain capacitor type cement base dew cell.
Since building interior range of humidity variation is narrow, and period of change is grown, by the capacitor type cement base wet sensitive prepared member
Part is changed in laboratory using humidity cabinet Fast simulation ambient humidity, experimental temperature 20+1 DEG C, capacitance signal measuring apparatus is
DM3062 type digital multimeter, measurement result are as shown in Figure 1.Fig. 1 is the capacitor type cement in 10-90RH% RH ranges
Base dew cell capacitivity change curve, is repeated several times measurement, its capacitance data is stablized, and amplitude of variation is obvious.
Embodiment 2
A kind of capacitor type cement base dew cell, it is by cylindric cement base base substrate and positioned at away from cylindric cement base base
Parallel to two discs, distance is formed body two-port for the round electrode at 15cm inwards；The cylindric cement base base substrate and round
Electrode is sealing adhesive by being mixed with the copper powder of conducting resinl, and round electrode is connected to conducting wire.
Cylindric cement base base substrate therein is made of the raw material of following percentage by weight：Cement mortar 94%, it is conductive
Material 1.5%, porous adsorbing material 4.5%.
The round electrode is the copper conductor of a diameter of 1.78mm.
The cement mortar is made of 42.5 Portland cements, quartzy sand fine aggregate and water；The cement bonded sand pulp-water
Gray scale 0.5, cement-aggregate ratio 0.3.Wherein quartzy sand fine aggregate particle size range 3-4.5mm.
The conductive material is by chopped carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes and nano carbon black according to 0.5:1:0.8 weight ratio composition.
The chopped carbon fiber of selection is polypropylene/olefin chopped carbon fiber, its length 12mm, 7 μm of diameter, line resistance is 85 Ω/m；Carbon nanometer
Pipe overall diameter 20nm, internal diameter 8nm, length is 50 μm, specific surface area 100m2/g；Nano carbon black, diameter 2nm, proportion
1.84g/cm3。
The porous adsorbing material is one or more of combinations in zeolite, attapulgite, sepiolite and diatomite.
Based on above-mentioned raw materials, preparation method is the same as embodiment 1.
The capacitor type cement base dew cell that the above method is prepared is used into humidity cabinet Fast simulation environment in laboratory
Humidity changes, experimental temperature 20+1 DEG C, capacitance signal measuring apparatus is DM3062 type digital multimeter, measurement result such as Fig. 2
It is shown.Fig. 2 is the capacitor type cement base dew cell capacitivity change curve in 10-90RH% RH ranges, is repeated several times
Measurement, its capacitance data are stablized, and amplitude of variation is obvious.
Embodiment 3
A kind of capacitor type cement base dew cell, it is by cylindric cement base base substrate and positioned at away from cylindric cement base base
Parallel to two discs, distance is formed body two-port for the round electrode at 20cm inwards；The cylindric cement base base substrate and round
Electrode is sealing adhesive by being mixed with the copper powder of conducting resinl, and round electrode is connected to conducting wire.
Cylindric cement base base substrate therein is made of the raw material of following percentage by weight：Cement mortar 92%, it is conductive
Material 2%, porous adsorbing material 6%.
The round electrode is the copper conductor of a diameter of 2.26mm.
The cement mortar is made of 42.5 Portland cements, quartzy sand fine aggregate and water；The cement bonded sand pulp-water
Gray scale 0.5, cement-aggregate ratio 0.3.Wherein quartzy sand fine aggregate particle size range 3-4.5mm.
The conductive material is by chopped carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes and nano carbon black according to 0.5:1:0.8 weight ratio composition.
The chopped carbon fiber of selection is polypropylene/olefin chopped carbon fiber, its length 15mm, 7 μm of diameter, line resistance is 85 Ω/m；Carbon nanometer
Pipe overall diameter 40nm, internal diameter 10nm, length is 50 μm, specific surface area 100m2/g；Nano carbon black, diameter 3nm, proportion
1.91g/cm3。
The porous adsorbing material is one or more of combinations in zeolite, attapulgite, sepiolite and diatomite.
Based on above-mentioned raw materials, preparation method is the same as embodiment 1.
The capacitor type cement base dew cell that the above method is prepared is used into humidity cabinet Fast simulation environment in laboratory
Humidity changes, experimental temperature 20+1 DEG C, capacitance signal measuring apparatus is DM3062 type digital multimeter, measurement result such as Fig. 3
It is shown.Fig. 3 is the capacitor type cement base dew cell capacitivity change curve in 10-90RH% RH ranges, is repeated several times
Measurement, its capacitance data are stablized, and amplitude of variation is obvious.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of capacitor type cement base dew cell, it is characterised in that it is by cylindric cement base base substrate and positioned at away from cylinder
Parallel to two discs, distance is formed shape cement base base substrate two-port for the round electrode at 10-20cm inwards；The cylindric water
Mud base base substrate is sealing adhesive with round electrode by being mixed with the copper powder of conducting resinl；Round electrode is connected to conducting wire；The cylindric water
Mud base base substrate is made of the raw material of following percentage by weight：Cement mortar 92-95%, conductive material 1-2%, porous adsorption material
Expect 3-6%；The cement mortar is made of 42.5 Portland cements, quartzy sand fine aggregate and water；The cement bonded sand pulp-water ash
Than 0.5, cement-aggregate ratio 0.3；The quartz sand fine aggregate particle size range 3-4.5mm；The conductive material is received by chopped carbon fiber, carbon
Mitron and nano carbon black are according to 0.5:1:0.8 weight ratio composition；The porous adsorbing material is zeolite, attapulgite, Hai Pao
One or more of combinations in stone and diatomite.
2. capacitor type cement base dew cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the round electrode is a diameter of
1.38mm-2.26mm copper conductor.
3. capacitor type cement base dew cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the chopped carbon fiber is poly-
Propylene hydrocarbon chopped carbon fiber, its length 10-15mm, 7 μm of diameter, line resistance are 85 Ω/m；The carbon nanotubes outside diameter 20-
40nm, internal diameter 5-10nm, length are 50 μm, specific surface area 100m2/g；The nano carbon black, diameter 2-3nm, proportion
1.8-1.91g/cm3。
4. a kind of preparation method of claim 1-3 any one of them capacitor type cement base dew cell, it includes following step
Suddenly：
1）It is thin with Portland cement and quartz sand by zeolite, concave convex rod, sepiolite and honed 200 mesh sieve of diatomite in powder
Aggregate mixes in proportion to obtain mixture；
2）The conductive material that chopped carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes and nano carbon black are formed in proportion, point with accounting for cement quality 1%
Powder hydroxyethyl cellulose, which is distributed in water, is made mixed solution；
3）In proportion by step 1）Gained mixture and step 2）Simultaneously ultrasonic disperse uniformly obtains cement matrix for resulting solution mixing
Material, then pours cement-based material in cylindrical mold, and it is 20 ± 1oC to be put into temperature, the maintenance of relative humidity >=90%
Conserved in room, continue at a temperature of 20 ± 1oC to conserve 28d into the water after 1d, be then dried in vacuo；
4）A pair of of round electrode is installed in the cylinder cement base base substrate conserved and drying is completed, i.e., positioned at away from cylindric cement base
Parallel to two discs, to cut circular groove at 10-20cm, circular electrode is embedded to base substrate two-port for distance inwards, electrode with
Cement-based material contact site is sealed by the copper powder for being mixed with conducting resinl, final to obtain capacitor type cement base dew cell.
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| CN106290485B (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2019-07-26 | 深圳大学 | A kind of dry depth test method of cement-based material |
| CN110346422A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-10-18 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of humidity sensor and preparation method thereof based on concave convex rod |
| CN111855752B (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2021-11-09 | 同济大学 | Wall surface structure capable of representing humidity change of bonding mortar and testing method thereof |
| CN112798659A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-14 | 电子科技大学 | Humidity sensor based on sepiolite modified carbon material and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1970492A (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2007-05-30 | 上海三瑞化学有限公司 | Cement base material of humidity-self-regulation |
| DE102010036633A1 (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-01-26 | Thomas Pfalz | Arrangement for humidification of concrete structure i.e. road, embedded into ground, has yield device arranged between wall and concrete surface in interspace part and yielding water mists that are directed parallel to concrete surface |
| CN104089986A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-08 | 河海大学 | Preparation and detection method of humidity sensor |
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| JP5942349B2 (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2016-06-29 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Sensor device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1970492A (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2007-05-30 | 上海三瑞化学有限公司 | Cement base material of humidity-self-regulation |
| DE102010036633A1 (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-01-26 | Thomas Pfalz | Arrangement for humidification of concrete structure i.e. road, embedded into ground, has yield device arranged between wall and concrete surface in interspace part and yielding water mists that are directed parallel to concrete surface |
| CN104089986A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-08 | 河海大学 | Preparation and detection method of humidity sensor |
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