CN105510362A - Micro-CT-based rice tillering characteristic nondestructive measurement device and measurement method thereof - Google Patents
Micro-CT-based rice tillering characteristic nondestructive measurement device and measurement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a micro-CT-based rice tillering characteristic nondestructive measurement device and a measurement method thereof. The device comprises a lifting platform, a translation platform, an object carrying rotating platform and the like; the method comprises the steps of using a mechanical arm to carry a detected sample onto the object carrying rotating platform, and the like. According to the device and the method, provided by the invention, the mechanical arm is used for completing the carrying operation, focal plane array images of the detected sample can be collected through a micro focal spot radiation source, the object carrying rotating platform and a flat panel detector, then a tomographic reconstruction image of the detected sample can be realized on the basis of a computer system, and the tillering characteristics including tiller number, stem diameter, stem wall thickness, area of marrow cavity, total area, tillering angle and the like of rice tillering can be obtained at the same time through a machine vision technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical vision inspection technology field, be specially a kind of rice tillering proterties damage-free measuring apparatus based on minitype CT and measuring method thereof.
Background technology
Due to the key issue that lodging resistance in rice problem is restriction increasing production of rice, simultaneously along with the develop rapidly of paddy rice functional genome and molecular breeding, need to carry out phenotypic character qualification under the growth conditions that biotic or soil nutrient etc. are different, by the method for systematic analysis, gene function and phenotypic character are connected, finally carry out functional annotation for each gene.Culm of Rice is for paddy rice, serve nutrient conveying and effect resistant to lodging, and fast and filter out the kind with lodging tolerance accurately, by the determination of the lifting and functional gene that are directly connected to output, therefore the research of rice tillering proterties is significant.
The measurement means of traditional rice tillering proterties mainly relies on and manually completes.The angle (tillering and horizontal plane angle) that the every root of utilization hornwork manual measurement is tillered; Manually choose single tillering, get down a joint, will tiller and cut off, utilize vernier caliper measurement external diameter major axis, minor axis, then the mean value getting major axis and minor axis is that stem is thick, with the wall thickness of vernier caliper measurement 4 different directions, averages as wall thickness; The area formula of recycling circle, calculates pulp cavity area and the total area.Above manually operated alternative, exist detection efficiency low, damage the shortcomings such as in vitro measurement, measuring accuracy is low, repeatability is poor.Measured hundreds and thousands of strain paddy rice when one day, tradition measurement means of tillering cannot complete.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of rice tillering proterties damage-free measuring apparatus based on minitype CT and measuring method thereof to overcome above-mentioned deficiency.
The present invention completes carrying work by mechanical arm, the face array image detecting sample can be collected by micro-focal spot radiographic source, loading universal stage and flat panel detector, can realize detecting the tomographic reconstruction images of sample based on computer system again, be obtained the proterties of tillering such as the tiller number of rice tillering, stem are thick, stem wall thickness, pulp cavity area, the total area, tillering angle by machine vision technique simultaneously.Software automatic identification function is powerful, automatically rice tillering stem stalk can be identified, without the need to carrying out process in early stage to impurity such as blades, the software compatibility is good, be easy to mutually integrated with existing plant phenotype extractive technique (visible ray, near infrared, infrared imaging etc.), the character analysis of other cereal crops after software parameter is slightly adjusted, can be applied to easily.And PLC, flat panel detector, micro-focal spot radiographic source and computing machine are all based on LABVIEW programming platform research and development automatic control program, realize objective table rotation, image acquisition, image procossing, proterties extraction and are stored as one.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 minitype CT imaging system set schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 minitype CT imaging system technology process flow diagram.
Fig. 3 tillering angle calculates schematic diagram.
Image after Fig. 4 Culm of Rice CT rebuilds.
Image after the process of Fig. 5 Culm of Rice.
Fig. 6 CT system correction schematic diagram
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment: the rice tillering proterties damage-free measuring apparatus based on minitype CT of the present invention, comprises lifting table 5, translation stage 7 and loading universal stage 6, characterized by further comprising micro-focal spot radiographic source 3, for providing stable X-ray beam; Flat panel detector 1, for acquisition plane array image; Computing machine 4, for receiving, processing and output information; Radiographic source cooling device 8, for cooling micro-focal spot radiographic source 3; PLC 9, starts for controlling loading universal stage 6 time and step angle that stop; Described flat panel detector 1 is arranged on the upper surface of lifting table 5, and described loading universal stage 6 is arranged on translation stage 7, and communication interaction is carried out by serial ports and computing machine 4 in one end of described PLC 9, and the other end of described PLC 9 is connected with loading universal stage 6.Also comprise mechanical arm 10, for being carried back and forth between assigned address and loading universal stage 6 by detection sample 2.
The built-in measuring system of described computing machine 4, described measuring system comprises: device control module, for being sent instruction by computing machine 4 to mechanical arm 10 and PLC 9, control mechanical arm 10 and complete carrying function, control PLC controller 9 drives servomotor and the driver of loading universal stage 6, realizes the equidistant intermittent rotary accurately controlling to detect sample 2.Image capture module, whenever stopping after detecting sample 2 and rotating an angle, for receiving detection sample 2 image that flat panel detector 1 collects, thus controls the coordination operation of flat panel detector 1 and loading universal stage 6.Image processing module, forms sinogram, carries out tomographic image reconstructing based on FBP algorithm, and carry out image procossing to faultage image after getting same a line successively to the above-mentioned image collected, and is finally shown by character parameter and stores.
A kind of rice tillering proterties non-destructive measuring method based on minitype CT comprises the following steps:
001, mechanical arm 10 is used to be carried on loading universal stage 6 by detection sample 2;
002, keep micro-focal spot radiographic source 3 and flat panel detector 1 transfixion, control loading universal stage 6 equidistantly intermittent rotary by PLC 9, to be convenient to the angle accurately controlling to detect sample 2;
003, flat panel detector 1 gathers image when loading universal stage 6 interval stops and being transferred to computing machine 4;
004, after a strain to be done detects all angle acquisitions of sample 2, measured the proterties storing of tillering detecting sample 2 by the measuring system in computing machine 4, finally by mechanical arm 10, detection sample 2 is put back to assigned address.
Measure the proterties of tillering detecting sample 2 in described step 004 to comprise the following steps:
041, test by the various performance parameters index of standard model to minitype CT imaging system, meanwhile, the parameters that certainty annuity is rebuild.
042, on the basis that said system various performance parameters has been demarcated, gather the single pot rice projection image under all angles, choose full angle linear array image under sustained height again and form sinogram, the higher tomographic reconstruction images of tillering of quality is obtained, FBP algorithmic formula based on FBP algorithm:
Wherein
for image distribution function, D is the distance of radiographic source to rotation center, r,
be respectively the length under polar coordinates and angle, β is radiographic source and the angle between rotation center line and Y-axis, and q (s) is projection function, and b (s) is convolution function, S on detecting device with the distance corresponding to ray subtended angle,
。The higher tomographic reconstruction images of tillering of quality is obtained in conjunction with the CT such as offset calibration, gain calibration Image Denoising based on FBP algorithm, to solve the accurate Problems of Reconstruction of the inner fault structure of rice tillering, for the accurate extraction of rice tillering character parameter provides prerequisite.
043, the above-mentioned cross sectional reconstruction process of tillering based on FBP algorithm based on C language programming realization, and can carry out measure of merit and correction program by standard model, is finally compiled into dynamic link library (.dll) and calls for LABVIEW.
In described step 041 the various performance parameters index of minitype CT imaging system comprise that system space enlargement ratio is determined, visual field FOV determines, System spatial resolution is determined, the test of system homogeneity, system density resolution test, the radiographic source angle of divergence, radiographic source voltage swing, radiographic source size of current, the projection anglec of rotation, center position and object are to radiogenic distance.
In described step 043, for cross sectional reconstruction figure of tillering, because structure proximate of tillering is oval form, based on the stem stalk recognition technology of fractal dimension and ellipses detection, tiller and spuious blade, thus obtain this character parameter of tiller number; Owing to not waiting air cavity containing number in leaf sheath, utilize feature extraction and gray level image segmentation can distinguish stem stalk and be attached to leaf sheath on stem stalk based on this, and precisely identify stem stalk, thus obtain the thick and total area character parameter of stem; On the basis of stem stalk identification, barycenter is got respectively at the fault surface of two differing heights, after projecting to same plane, the Euclidean distance x of 2 in Calculation Plane, and the vertical range y of known two fault surfaces of system, therefore can calculate tillering angle α=arctg (x/y), thus obtain this character parameter of tillering angle; On the basis of stem stalk identification, in conjunction with gray level image segmentation, distinguish pulp cavity and stem wall, thus obtain stem wall thickness and pulp cavity area character parameter.
The correction of CT system measurement is as Fig. 6: system measurement place plane is horizontal fault face, and manual measurement value place plane is axial section, thus cause system measurement compared with actual value to have projection stretching and measured value bigger than normal, need to be revised system measurement by tillering angle.CT systematic survey value correction method: the system measurement of external diameter and wall thickness is multiplied by modifying factor 2*sin α/(sin α+1) (wherein α is the tillering angle of CT systematic survey), the system measurement of hollow area and the total area is multiplied by modifying factor sin α.
(1) repeatability of minitype CT imaging system detects
The detection sample that this example is selected is that (7 identical for 8 standard plastic cylinders, 1 difference), dispersion is inserted in potted plant soil, the X ray voltage selected is 40KV, electric current is 1mA, and micro-focal spot radiographic source and flat panel detector distance are 63cm, and detected sample and flat panel detector distance are 15cm, the image number gathered is 380, and the stepping anglec of rotation is 0.6 degree.This experiment repeats 10 times altogether, and following data are mean value.Carry out repeatability to the minitype CT imaging system described in this experiment to detect, checking and appraising standard is the coefficient of variation (coefficient of variation=standard deviation/mean value), when the coefficient of variation is less than 10%, then thinks that this system can accept completely.Minitype CT imaging system respectively tillers the coefficient of variation of proterties as following table:
Table 1 minitype CT imaging system is respectively tillered the coefficient of variation of proterties
As can be seen from the above table, detect the tiller coefficient of variation of proterties of sample and be all less than 10%, then think that minitype CT imaging system measured value of the present invention is reproducible, can accept completely.
(2) measurement of minitype CT imaging system tiller proterties relative error detect
Do qualitative analysis to the tiller accuracy of proterties of minitype CT imaging system actual measurement, evaluation criterion is that relative error is less than 5%, and experimental data is with above-mentioned repeated test experience.Minitype CT imaging system measured value and manual measurement value result are as following table:
Table 2 minitype CT imaging system measured value and manual measurement value result (external diameter)
Table 3 minitype CT imaging system measured value and manual measurement value result (wall thickness)
Table 4 minitype CT imaging system measured value and manual measurement value result (hollow area)
Table 5 minitype CT imaging system measured value and manual measurement value result (total area)
Table 6 minitype CT imaging system measured value and manual measurement value result (tillering angle)
From above table, except standard component tillering angle, relative error or the average relative error of all the other 4 parameters (external diameter, wall thickness, hollow area and the total area) are all greater than evaluation criterion, need to revise these 4 character parameters.The reference planes of CT system measurement are horizontal fault face, and the reference planes of actual artificial measured value are axial section, be tillering angle, need be revised by tillering angle to system measurement with the angle of surface level.The modifying factor of external diameter and wall thickness can be derived: 2*sin α/(sin α+1) (wherein α is the tillering angle of CT systematic survey), the modifying factor of hollow area and the total area: sin α from mathematical relation.
(3) the minitype CT imaging system measurement revised relative error of proterties of tillering detects
System measurement in above table is carried out corresponding correction, and evaluation criterion is that relative error is less than 5%, and experimental data is with above-mentioned repeated test experience.After the correction of minitype CT imaging system, measured value and manual measurement value result are as following table:
Measured value and manual measurement value result (external diameter) after the correction of table 7 minitype CT imaging system
Measured value and manual measurement value result (wall thickness) after the correction of table 8 minitype CT imaging system
Measured value and manual measurement value result (hollow area) after the correction of table 9 minitype CT imaging system
Measured value and manual measurement value result (total area) after the correction of table 10 minitype CT imaging system
Measured value and manual measurement value result (tillering angle) after the correction of table 11 minitype CT imaging system
After the system correction of above-mentioned proterties of tillering (external diameter, wall thickness, hollow area, the total area, tillering angle), the average relative error of measured value and manual measurement value is all less than 5%, and the relative error of each detection sample is also less than 5%, this relative error is acceptable.By experiment and analysis above, minitype CT imaging system of the present invention can ensure the accuracy measured.
Claims (7)
1. the rice tillering proterties damage-free measuring apparatus based on minitype CT, comprise lifting table (5), translation stage (7) and loading universal stage (6), characterized by further comprising micro-focal spot radiographic source (3), for providing stable X-ray beam; Flat panel detector (1), for acquisition plane array image; Computing machine (4), for receiving, processing and output information; Radiographic source cooling device (8), for cooling micro-focal spot radiographic source (3); PLC (9), starts for controlling loading universal stage (6) time and step angle that stop; Described flat panel detector (1) is arranged on the upper surface of lifting table (5), described loading universal stage (6) is arranged on translation stage (7), communication interaction is carried out by serial ports and computing machine (4) in one end of described PLC (9), and the other end of described PLC (9) is connected with loading universal stage (6).
2. the rice tillering proterties damage-free measuring apparatus based on minitype CT according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising mechanical arm (10), carry back and forth between assigned address and loading universal stage (6) for sample (2) will be detected.
3. the rice tillering proterties damage-free measuring apparatus based on minitype CT according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described computing machine (4) built-in measuring system, described measuring system comprises:
Device control module, for sending instruction to mechanical arm (10) and PLC (9) by computing machine (4), control mechanical arm (10) and complete carrying function, control PLC controller (9) drives servomotor and the driver of loading universal stage (6), realizes the equidistant intermittent rotary accurately controlling to detect sample (2).
Image capture module, whenever stopping after detecting sample (2) and rotating an angle, for receiving detection sample (2) image that flat panel detector (1) collects, thus control the coordination operation of flat panel detector (1) and loading universal stage (6).
Image processing module, forms sinogram, carries out tomographic image reconstructing based on FBP algorithm, and carry out image procossing to faultage image after getting same a line successively to the above-mentioned image collected, and is finally shown by character parameter and stores.
4., according to the rice tillering proterties damage-free measuring apparatus based on minitype CT in claim 1-3 described in any one, its measuring method comprises the following steps:
001, using mechanical arm (10) will detect sample (2) is carried on loading universal stage (6);
002, micro-focal spot radiographic source (3) and flat panel detector (1) transfixion is kept, loading universal stage (6) equidistantly intermittent rotary is controlled, to be convenient to the angle accurately controlling to detect sample (2) by PLC (9);
003, flat panel detector (1) gathers image when loading universal stage (6) interval stops and being transferred to computing machine (4);
004, after a strain to be done detects all angle acquisitions of sample (2), measured the proterties storing of tillering detecting sample (2) by the measuring system in computing machine (4), finally will detect sample (2) by mechanical arm (10) and put back to assigned address.
5. the rice tillering proterties non-destructive measuring method based on minitype CT according to claim 4. it is characterized in that measuring the proterties of tillering detecting sample (2) in described step 004 comprises the following steps:
041, test by the various performance parameters index of standard model to minitype CT imaging system, meanwhile, the parameters that certainty annuity is rebuild.
042, on the basis that said system various performance parameters has been demarcated, gather the single pot rice projection image under all angles, choose full angle linear array image under sustained height again and form sinogram, the higher tomographic reconstruction images of tillering of quality is obtained, FBP algorithmic formula based on FBP algorithm:
Wherein
for image distribution function, D is the distance of radiographic source to rotation center, r,
be respectively the length under polar coordinates and angle, β is radiographic source and the angle between rotation center line and Y-axis, and q (s) is projection function, and b (s) is convolution function, S on detecting device with the distance corresponding to ray subtended angle,
6. the rice tillering proterties non-destructive measuring method based on minitype CT according to claim 5. it is characterized in that the various performance parameters index of minitype CT imaging system in described step 041 comprises that system space enlargement ratio is determined, visual field FOV determines, System spatial resolution is determined, the test of system homogeneity, system density resolution test, the radiographic source angle of divergence, radiographic source voltage swing, radiographic source size of current, the projection anglec of rotation, center position and object are to radiogenic distance.
7. the rice tillering proterties non-destructive measuring method based on minitype CT according to claim 5 or 6. it is characterized in that in described step 043, for cross sectional reconstruction figure of tillering, because structure proximate of tillering is oval form, based on the stem stalk recognition technology of fractal dimension and ellipses detection, differentiation is tillered and spuious blade, thus obtains this character parameter of tiller number; Owing to not waiting air cavity containing number in leaf sheath, utilize feature extraction and gray level image segmentation can distinguish stem stalk and be attached to leaf sheath on stem stalk based on this, and precisely identify stem stalk, thus obtain the thick and total area character parameter of stem; On the basis of stem stalk identification, barycenter is got respectively at the fault surface of two differing heights, after projecting to same plane, the Euclidean distance x of 2 in Calculation Plane, and the vertical range y of known two fault surfaces of system, therefore can calculate tillering angle α=arctg (x/y), thus obtain this character parameter of tillering angle; On the basis of stem stalk identification, in conjunction with gray level image segmentation, distinguish pulp cavity and stem wall, thus obtain stem wall thickness and pulp cavity area character parameter.
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| CN117378318B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-03-12 | 海南大学三亚研究院 | Coconut seed germination detection and sorting method and system based on X-rays |
| CN117388264A (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-01-12 | 慧诺云谱(海南)科技有限公司 | High-flux plant root phenotype information acquisition and measurement system and method |
| CN117388264B (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-02-13 | 慧诺云谱(海南)科技有限公司 | High-flux plant root phenotype information acquisition and measurement system and method |
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