CN105509916B - Big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula refers to air-flow pyrostat - Google Patents
Big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula refers to air-flow pyrostat Download PDFInfo
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- CN105509916B CN105509916B CN201510847558.8A CN201510847558A CN105509916B CN 105509916 B CN105509916 B CN 105509916B CN 201510847558 A CN201510847558 A CN 201510847558A CN 105509916 B CN105509916 B CN 105509916B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K15/00—Testing or calibrating of thermometers
- G01K15/005—Calibration
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Abstract
The invention belongs to temperature test fields, it is related to the temperature sensor of high temperature measurement Yu field calibration, more particularly to a kind of big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula refer to air-flow pyrostat, be suitable for subsonic speed it is with pressure under the conditions of 2100K or less high temperature gas flow temperature measurement and field calibration.The present invention uses big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula structure, using precious metal alloys as the sheathing material of temperature sensor, sensing element uses the noble-metal thermocouples such as platinum rhodium 30- platinum rhodium 6 or platinum rhodium 40- platinum rhodium 20, by heat transfer, gas dynamic theory analysis and calculate, optimize critical size, guarantee that the integrated temperature measurement deviation of temperature sensor is sufficiently small, thus obtain can apply to subsonic speed it is with pressure under the conditions of, the temperature sensor of 2100K or less high temperature gas flow temperature measurement and field calibration.It has many advantages, such as that heatproof is high, accuracy is high, the service life is long, is able to solve the accurate measurement and field calibration problem of 2100K or less high temperature gas flow temperature.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to temperature test fields, are related to the temperature sensor of high temperature measurement Yu field calibration, and in particular to
A kind of big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula refers to air-flow pyrostat, be suitable for subsonic speed it is with pressure under the conditions of 2100K or less high temperature
Gas flow temperature measurement and field calibration.
Background technique
Currently, the calibration of air-flow pyrostat, is carried out on hot calibration wind tunnel, reference temperature sensor is using straight
Type double screen air-breathing is even, is that double screen air-breathing is occasionally evacuated with vacuum pump, to realize internal flow velocity high in annular channel, improves double screen and inhale
The thermometric accuracy of gas idol.In fact, most air-flow pyrostats are worked under the conditions of with pressure, and it is domestic at present
Hot calibration wind tunnel is normal pressure, since pressure has significant impact to air-flow high temperature measurement result, so in normal pressure thermal calibration
Air-flow pyrostat is calibrated on wind-tunnel, very big deviation can be generated.In addition, the conditions such as wall temperature of hot calibration wind tunnel
The actual service conditions for being calibrated air-flow pyrostat cannot be simulated completely, can also generate certain error.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the big problems of air-flow pyrostat calibration result deviation in the prior art, mention
Gone out a kind of big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula with reference to air-flow pyrostat, can be used for subsonic speed it is with pressure under the conditions of 2100K or less
The measurement of high temperature gas flow temperature and field calibration.
The purpose of the present invention is what is solved by following technical proposals.
A kind of big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula proposed by the present invention refers to air-flow pyrostat comprising: thermocouple
Bracket, ribs, support rod, mounting flange and high-temperature cement between silk, porcelain tube, inner shield, external shield, screen.
The sensor uses the double shield formula structure of L-type.Inner shield and external shield are "-" type structure；Interior screen
It covers cover to be placed within external shield, the two axis is overlapped.Inner shield and external shield are vertical with support rod respectively；Inner shield
It is fixedly connected in the position of turning back of porcelain tube with one end of support rod with external shield.The axis of inner shield and external shield
It is parallel with tested air-flow direction.The wall thickness of inner shield takes 0.5mm~1.5mm, and the wall thickness of external shield takes 0.5mm~2mm.Outside
The ratio between internal diameter and the outer diameter of inner shield of shielding case are 1.5~2.5.
Thermocouple wire and porcelain tube are L-shaped structure.After thermocouple wire penetrates porcelain tube, it is packed into inner shield and branch
In strut.Filled high-temperature cement is distinguished between porcelain tube and inner shield and between porcelain tube and support rod, is used for
The filling thickness of fixed and sealing, high-temperature cement is not less than 5mm.
The ratio between the length of inner shield and outer diameter are not less than 5；The ratio between the length of external shield and outer diameter are not less than 5；Heat
Thermocouple wire stretches out the length of porcelain tube and thermocouple wire diameter ratio is not less than 10；The head of inner shield and external shield
The axial distance on head is 1~2 times of external shield internal diameter；The axial distance on the head on the head and inner shield of thermocouple wire
It is 1~2 times of inner shield internal diameter.
There are inner shield blowhole and inner shield venthole on inner shield.Inner shield blowhole is located at inner shield
On the end face on thermocouple wire head；Inner shield venthole and porcelain tube are tangent close to the end face on thermocouple wire head.
There are external shield blowhole and external shield venthole on external shield.External shield blowhole is located at external shield
On the end face on thermocouple wire head；External shield venthole is located on end face of the external shield far from thermocouple wire head.
Bracket is fixed between inner shield and external shield between screen；The shape of bracket is that cuboid is lamellar between screen, screen
Between the smallest face of bracket area windward.Annular channel between screen between the front face area and external shield and inner shield of bracket is cut
Area ratio is not more than 0.1.Bracket is used to support external shield between screen, and external shield is avoided to deform under high temperature action,
It is used to adjust the distribution of internal flow velocity simultaneously.Bracket is welded in inner shield outer surface between screen, and bracket is circumferentially square between multiple screens
To being uniformly distributed, axial position is located at the middle position of external shield.
One end of ribs is fixed on external shield, and the other end is fixed on support rod, is played and is improved the temperature biography
The effect of the rigidity of sensor.Ribs and external shield angle at 45 °.Mounting flange is covered in the outside of support rod, and and support rod
It is fixedly connected.
Inner shield and support rod are the cylinder-like structure on one end inclined-plane at 45 °, so as to orthogonal after the two splicing,
Inner shield and support rod connect by welding.To turn back 90 °, porcelain tube is divided into two sections, and every section in splicing
One end processes inclined-plane at 45 °.External shield is cylinder-like structure, after being inserted in inner shield, by welding with support rod
Connection.
When free stream Mach number is not higher than 0.4, the area ratio of inner shield air inlet and inner shield gas outlet takes 1；When
When free stream Mach number is 0.4~0.5, the area ratio of inner shield air inlet and air outlet takes 1~1.25；When free stream Mach number is
When 0.5~0.6, the area ratio of inner shield air inlet and inner shield gas outlet takes 1.25~1.4；When free stream Mach number is
When 0.6~0.7, the area ratio of inner shield air inlet and air outlet takes 1.4~1.6.
Bracket, ribs and support rod immerse High Temperature Gas between the inner shield of the pyrostat, external shield, screen
Stream part material is all made of platinumiridio, and the weight percent of iridium is 15%~25%, and the weight percent of platinum is 75%~
85%.
Support rod does not immerse high temperature gas flow part and mounting flange using high temperature alloy or stainless steel material.
Thermocouple wire selects platinum rhodium system or iridium rhodium system precious metal material.
When tested air-flow temperature is in 2000K or less, thermocouple wire selects platinum rhodium 30- platinum rhodium 6 or platinum rhodium 40- platinum rhodium 20 expensive
Metal material；When tested air-flow temperature is between 2000K~2100K, thermocouple wire selects platinum rhodium 40- platinum rhodium 20 or iridium rhodium system
Precious metal material.
The material of porcelain tube is chosen by the following method: when dut temperature is in 1900K or less, selecting aluminum oxide
(Al2O3), magnesia (MgO) or beryllium oxide (BeO) select magnesia when dut temperature is between 1900K~2100K
(MgO) or beryllium oxide (BeO).
Beneficial effect
Big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula proposed by the present invention refers to air-flow pyrostat compare with the existing technology, tool
It has the advantage that
1. the present invention greatly suppresses the conduction error of sensor, due to using due to using big L/D ratio L-type structure
Double shield formula structure, while by means of high internal flow velocity caused by the elevated pressures of tested air-flow medium, greatly suppress biography
The radiation error of sensor can achieve very high thermometric accuracy after velocity error is corrected.
2. the present invention is due to making shielding case using platinumiridio material, toughness and thermal-shock resistance are superior to usually be used
Corundum material shielding case, so the service performance of temperature sensor is improved with the service life.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the composition that big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula refers to air-flow pyrostat in the specific embodiment of the invention
Structural schematic diagram；
Wherein, bracket between 1- thermocouple wire, 2- porcelain tube, 3- inner shield, 4- external shield, 5- screen, 6- ribs,
7- support rod, 8- mounting flange, 9- inner shield blowhole, 10- inner shield venthole, 11- high-temperature cement, 12- external shield
Cover blowhole, 13- external shield venthole.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the invention will be further described, but protection model of the invention should not be limited with this
It encloses.
Big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula refers to air-flow pyrostat in the present embodiment comprising: thermocouple wire 1, insulation
Bracket 5, ribs 6, support rod 7, mounting flange 8 and high-temperature cement 11 between porcelain tube 2, inner shield 3, external shield 4, screen.
Sensor uses the double shield formula structure of L-type.Inner shield 3 and external shield 4 are "-" type structure；Inner shield
Cover 3 is placed within external shield 4, and the two axis is overlapped.Inner shield 3 and external shield 4 are vertical with support rod 7 respectively；Interior screen
Cover 3 and external shield 4 is covered to be fixedly connected in the position of turning back of porcelain tube 2 with one end of support rod 7.Inner shield 3 and external screen
The axis for covering cover 4 is parallel with tested air-flow direction.The wall thickness of inner shield 3 takes 0.5mm~1.5mm, and the wall thickness of external shield 4 takes
0.5mm~2mm.The ratio between internal diameter and the outer diameter of inner shield 3 of external shield 4 are 1.5~2.5.
Thermocouple wire 1 and porcelain tube 2 are L-shaped structure.After thermocouple wire 1 penetrates porcelain tube 2, it is packed into inner shield
3 and support rod 7 in.7 difference filled high-temperature between porcelain tube 2 and inner shield 3 and between porcelain tube 2 and support rod
Cement 11, for fixing and sealing, the filling thickness of high-temperature cement 11 is not less than 5mm.
The ratio between the length of inner shield 3 and outer diameter are not less than 5；The ratio between the length of external shield 4 and outer diameter are not less than 5；
Thermocouple wire 1 stretches out the length of porcelain tube 2 and 1 diameter ratio of thermocouple wire is not less than 10；The head of inner shield 3 and external screen
The axial distance for covering the head of cover 4 is 1~2 times of 4 internal diameter of external shield；The head of thermocouple wire 1 and the head of inner shield 3
Axial distance be 1~2 times of 3 internal diameter of inner shield.
There are inner shield blowhole 9 and inner shield venthole 10 on inner shield 3.Inner shield blowhole 9 is located at interior
Shielding case 3 is on the end face on 1 head of thermocouple wire；Inner shield venthole 10 and porcelain tube 2 are close to 1 head of thermocouple wire
End face it is tangent.
There are external shield blowhole 12 and external shield venthole 13 on external shield 4.External shield blowhole 12 is located at
External shield 4 is on the end face on 1 head of thermocouple wire；External shield venthole 13 is located at external shield 4 far from thermocouple wire 1
On the end face on head.
Bracket 5 is fixed between inner shield 3 and external shield 4 between screen；The shape of bracket 5 is cuboid thin plate between screen
Shape, the smallest face of 5 area of bracket is windward between screen.Between screen between the front face area of bracket 5 and external shield 4 and inner shield 3
The ratio between annular channel sectional area is not more than 0.1.Bracket 5 is used to support external shield 4 between screen, avoids external shield in high temperature action
Under deform, while being used to adjust the distribution of internal flow velocity.Bracket 5 is welded in inner shield outer surface between screen, between multiple screens
Bracket 5 is distributed uniformly and circumferentially, and axial position is located at the middle position of external shield 4.
One end of ribs 6 is fixed on external shield 4, and the other end is fixed on support rod 7, is played and is improved the temperature
The effect of the rigidity of sensor.Ribs 6 and the angle at 45 ° of external shield 4.8 sets of the mounting flange outsides in support rod 7, and with
Support rod 7 is fixedly connected.
Inner shield 3 and support rod 7 are the cylinder-like structure on one end inclined-plane at 45 °, to hang down mutually after the two splicing
Directly, inner shield 3 and support rod 7 connect by welding.To turn back 90 °, it is two sections that porcelain tube 2, which is divided to, and every section exists
One end of splicing processes inclined-plane at 45 °.External shield 4 is cylinder-like structure, after being inserted in inner shield 3, passes through weldering with support rod 7
The mode connect connects.
When free stream Mach number is not higher than 0.4, the area ratio of inner shield air inlet 9 and inner shield gas outlet 10 takes 1；
When free stream Mach number is 0.4~0.5, the area ratio of inner shield air inlet 9 and gas outlet 10 takes 1~1.25；When incoming flow horse
When conspicuous number is 0.5~0.6, the area ratio of inner shield air inlet 9 and inner shield gas outlet 10 takes 1.25~1.4；Work as incoming flow
When Mach 2 ship 0.6~0.7, the area ratio of inner shield air inlet 9 and gas outlet 10 takes 1.4~1.6.
Bracket 5, ribs 6 and support rod 7 immerse high temperature between the inner shield 3 of pyrostat, external shield 4, screen
Airflow portion material is all made of platinumiridio, and the weight percent of iridium is 15%~25%, and the weight percent of platinum is 75%~
85%.
Support rod 7 does not immerse high temperature gas flow part and mounting flange 8 using high-temperature alloy material.
When tested air-flow temperature is in 2000K or less, thermocouple wire 1 selects 6 precious metal material of platinum rhodium 30- platinum rhodium；Work as quilt
When surveying gas flow temperature between 2000K~2100K, thermocouple wire 1 selects 20 precious metal material of platinum rhodium 40- platinum rhodium.
The material of porcelain tube 2 is chosen by the following method: when dut temperature is in 1900K or less, selecting aluminum oxide
Al2O3, when dut temperature is between 1900K~2100K, select magnesia MgO.
Claims (10)
1. big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula refer to air-flow pyrostat, it is characterised in that: comprising: thermocouple wire (1), absolutely
Bracket (5), ribs (6), support rod (7), mounting flange (8) between edge porcelain tube (2), inner shield (3), external shield (4), screen
With high-temperature cement (11)；
The pyrostat uses the double shield formula structure of L-type；Inner shield (3) and external shield (4) are "-" type knot
Structure；Inner shield (3) is placed within external shield (4), and the two axis is overlapped；Inner shield (3) and external shield (4) respectively with
Support rod (7) is vertical；Inner shield (3) and external shield (4) turn back the one of position and support rod (7) porcelain tube (2)
End is fixedly connected；The axis of inner shield (3) and external shield (4) is parallel with tested air-flow direction；
Thermocouple wire (1) and porcelain tube (2) are L-shaped structure；After thermocouple wire (1) penetrates porcelain tube (2), it is packed into interior screen
It covers in cover (3) and support rod (7)；Between porcelain tube (2) and inner shield (3) and porcelain tube (2) and support rod it
Between (7) respectively filled high-temperature cement (11), for fixing and sealing；
The ratio between the length of inner shield (3) and outer diameter are not less than 5；The ratio between the length of external shield (4) and outer diameter are not less than 5；
Thermocouple wire (1) stretches out the length of porcelain tube (2) and thermocouple wire (1) diameter ratio is not less than 10；The head of inner shield (3)
The axial distance on the head of portion and external shield (4) is 1~2 times of external shield (4) internal diameter；The head of thermocouple wire (1) with
The axial distance on the head of inner shield (3) is 1~2 times of inner shield (3) internal diameter；
There are inner shield blowhole (9) and inner shield venthole (10) on inner shield (3)；External shield has external screen on (4)
Cover cover blowhole (12) and external shield venthole (13)；
Bracket (5) is fixed between inner shield (3) and external shield (4) between screen；The shape of bracket (5) is that cuboid is thin between screen
Plate, bracket (5) the smallest face of area is windward between screen；
One end of ribs (6) is fixed on external shield (4), and the other end is fixed on support rod (7), is played and is improved the height
The effect of the rigidity of temperature sensor；Ribs (6) and external shield (4) angle at 45 °；Mounting flange (8) is covered in support rod (7)
Outside, and be fixedly connected with support rod (7)；
Bracket (5), ribs (6) and support rod between the inner shield (3) of the pyrostat, external shield (4), screen
(7) it immerses high temperature gas flow some materials and is all made of platinumiridio；
Thermocouple wire (1) selects platinum rhodium system or iridium rhodium system precious metal material；
The material of porcelain tube (2) is chosen by the following method: when dut temperature is in 1900K or less, selecting aluminum oxide
(Al2O3), magnesia (MgO) or beryllium oxide (BeO) select magnesia when dut temperature is between 1900K~2100K
(MgO) or beryllium oxide (BeO).
2. big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula as described in claim 1 refers to air-flow pyrostat, it is characterised in that: interior screen
The wall thickness for covering cover (3) takes 0.5mm~1.5mm, and the wall thickness of external shield (4) takes 0.5mm~2mm；The internal diameter of external shield (4) with
The ratio between outer diameter of inner shield (3) is 1.5~2.5.
3. big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula as claimed in claim 1 or 2 refers to air-flow pyrostat, it is characterised in that:
(7) distinguish filled high-temperature cement between porcelain tube (2) and inner shield (3) and between porcelain tube (2) and support rod
(11) filling thickness is not less than 5mm.
4. big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula as claimed in claim 1 or 2 refers to air-flow pyrostat, it is characterised in that: interior
Shielding case blowhole (9) is located at inner shield (3) on the end face on thermocouple wire (1) head；Inner shield venthole (10)
It is tangent close to the end face on thermocouple wire (1) head with porcelain tube (2)；External shield blowhole (12) is located at external shield (4)
On the end face on thermocouple wire (1) head；External shield venthole (13) is located at external shield (4) far from thermocouple wire (1)
On the end face on head.
5. big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula as claimed in claim 1 or 2 refers to air-flow pyrostat, it is characterised in that: institute
State the ratio between annular channel sectional area between shielding between the front face area and external shield (4) and inner shield (3) of bracket (5) less
In 0.1.
6. big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula as claimed in claim 1 or 2 refers to air-flow pyrostat, it is characterised in that: institute
Bracket (5) is used to support external shield (4) between stating screen, and external shield is avoided to deform under high temperature action, while being used to adjust
Save the distribution of internal flow velocity；Bracket (5) is welded in inner shield outer surface between screen, and bracket (5) is along the circumferential direction equal between multiple screens
Even distribution, axial position are located at the middle position of external shield (4).
7. big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula as claimed in claim 1 or 2 refers to air-flow pyrostat, it is characterised in that: when
When free stream Mach number is not higher than 0.4, the area ratio of inner shield air inlet (9) and inner shield gas outlet (10) takes 1；Work as incoming flow
When Mach 2 ship 0.4~0.5, the area ratio of inner shield air inlet (9) and gas outlet (10) takes 1~1.25；When incoming flow Mach
When number is 0.5~0.6, the area ratio of inner shield air inlet (9) and inner shield gas outlet (10) takes 1.25~1.4；When next
When flowing Mach 2 ship 0.6~0.7, the area ratio of inner shield air inlet (9) and gas outlet (10) takes 1.4~1.6.
8. big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula as claimed in claim 1 or 2 refers to air-flow pyrostat, it is characterised in that: institute
It states support rod (7) and does not immerse high temperature gas flow part and mounting flange (8) using high temperature alloy or stainless steel material.
9. big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula as claimed in claim 1 or 2 refers to air-flow pyrostat, it is characterised in that: when
For tested air-flow temperature in 2000K or less, thermocouple wire (1) selects platinum rhodium 30- platinum rhodium 6 or 20 noble metal material of platinum rhodium 40- platinum rhodium
Material；When tested air-flow temperature is between 2000K~2100K, thermocouple wire (1) selects platinum rhodium 40- platinum rhodium 20 or iridium rhodium system expensive
Metal material.
10. big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula as claimed in claim 1 or 2 refers to air-flow pyrostat, it is characterised in that:
Bracket (5), ribs (6) and support rod (7) leaching between the inner shield (3) of the pyrostat, external shield (4), screen
Enter high temperature gas flow some materials and be all made of platinumiridio, wherein the weight percent of iridium is 15%~25%, the weight percent of platinum
Than being 75%~85%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510847558.8A CN105509916B (en) | 2015-11-26 | 2015-11-26 | Big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula refers to air-flow pyrostat |
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| CN201510847558.8A CN105509916B (en) | 2015-11-26 | 2015-11-26 | Big L/D ratio L-type double shield formula refers to air-flow pyrostat |
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| CN107271070A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-10-20 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Ventilation type high temperature sensor |
| CN112798121B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2023-02-28 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Axial installation method for measuring airflow temperature by temperature measuring crystal |
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| FR2581168A1 (en) * | 1985-04-25 | 1986-10-31 | Air Liquide | APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A HIGH TEMPERATURE GAS JET |
| CN1076781A (en) * | 1992-03-24 | 1993-09-29 | 西安交通大学 | Compensation high temperature gas flow thermometry and measuring instrument |
| CN201740604U (en) * | 2010-06-12 | 2011-02-09 | 李硕 | Dust-containing airflow temperature sensor |
| CN203432703U (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2014-02-12 | 湘潭大学 | Dual-layer casing pipe type air-exhaust thermocouple structure |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2581168A1 (en) * | 1985-04-25 | 1986-10-31 | Air Liquide | APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A HIGH TEMPERATURE GAS JET |
| CN1076781A (en) * | 1992-03-24 | 1993-09-29 | 西安交通大学 | Compensation high temperature gas flow thermometry and measuring instrument |
| CN201740604U (en) * | 2010-06-12 | 2011-02-09 | 李硕 | Dust-containing airflow temperature sensor |
| CN203432703U (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2014-02-12 | 湘潭大学 | Dual-layer casing pipe type air-exhaust thermocouple structure |
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