CN105502307B - The method and special purpose device of waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine - Google Patents

The method and special purpose device of waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine Download PDF

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CN105502307B
CN105502307B CN201510982827.1A CN201510982827A CN105502307B CN 105502307 B CN105502307 B CN 105502307B CN 201510982827 A CN201510982827 A CN 201510982827A CN 105502307 B CN105502307 B CN 105502307B
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acid
chlorine
concentration
waste acid
fluorine
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CN105502307A (en
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冯圣君
刘孝平
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NANTONG SANSHENG GRAPHITE EQUIPMENT TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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NANTONG SANSHENG GRAPHITE EQUIPMENT TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B17/00Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • C01B17/69Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
    • C01B17/88Concentration of sulfuric acid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B17/00Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • C01B17/69Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
    • C01B17/90Separation; Purification
    • C01B17/901Recovery from spent acids containing metallic ions, e.g. hydrolysis acids, pickling acids

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method of waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine and special purpose device, the waste acid after vulcanizing treatment is concentrated by multiple-effect evaporation, by waste acid more than 90% moisture evaporation;The temperature that multiple-effect evaporation control the concentration of waste acid when concentrating is 25% 40%, control waste acid is 105 DEG C 110 DEG C, fluorine chlorine is remained in waste acid, obtains pre-concentration sour;The temperature of pre-concentration acid is maintained at 125 DEG C 145 DEG C in reboiler using initial steam, then pre-concentration acid enters defluorinate chlorine tower, in defluorinate chlorine tower, after the fluorine chlorine in sulfuric acid separates sulfuric acid through multistage column plate, is taken out of with water vapour from tower top;Partial cleansing acid is taken out in bottom of towe, Partial cleansing acid still returns to reboiler.The present invention without gypsum tailings, can be greatly lowered energy resource consumption, plant investment save waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine method and special purpose device.

Description

The method and special purpose device of waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine and special purpose device.
Background technology
The flue gas acid preparing process of copper-lead-zinc smelting produces the substantial amounts of waste acid containing heavy metal, and conventional processing method is vulcanization Neutralize.Therefore, the substantial amounts of gypsum tailings containing heavy metal is produced, Sulphur ressource is not utilized.In addition, processing after waste water in contain Calcium sodium ion, can not substantially return and use.In recent years, domestic relevant manufacturing enterprise was researching and developing waste acid " vulcanization+heat Wind take off " technology.Because dilute sulfuric acid water content is high, the moisture in stripping diluted acid is with fluorine chlorine, it is necessary to substantial amounts of temperature For 180 DEG C -200 DEG C of hot-air.So, the energy consumption of device is very high.Particularly defluorinate chlorine equipment size is huge, cost is high.And And, air band after defluorinate chlorine acid amount is big, sulfuric acid concentration that is obtaining is low, tail gas treatment device investment is big.In addition, flue gas acid preparing mistake The waste acid change in concentration that journey is produced is big, and hot blast stripping device adaptability is poor, operation stability is poor.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of no gypsum tailings, energy resource consumption, plant investment province can be greatly lowered Waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine method and special purpose device.
The present invention technical solution be:
A kind of method of waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine, it is characterized in that:Comprise the following steps:
(1)Waste acid after vulcanizing treatment is concentrated by multiple-effect evaporation, by waste acid more than 90% moisture evaporation; Multiple-effect evaporation controls the concentration of waste acid to be 25%-40%, control the temperature of waste acid to be 105 DEG C -110 DEG C when concentrating, and fluorine chlorine is still protected Hold in waste acid, obtain pre-concentration acid;The not fluorine-containing chlorine of water vapor condensation water that multiple-effect evaporation concentration is produced, can return to and use;
(2)The temperature of pre-concentration acid is maintained at 125 DEG C -145 DEG C in reboiler using initial steam, then pre-concentration acid Into defluorinate chlorine tower, in defluorinate chlorine tower, after fluorine chlorine in sulfuric acid separates sulfuric acid through multistage column plate, with water vapour from tower top band Go out;Partial cleansing acid is taken out in bottom of towe, Partial cleansing acid still returns to reboiler.
The water vapour of the fluorine-containing chlorine of defluorinate chlorine top of tower is condensed within the condenser, and condensate liquid then is delivered into the recovery of fluorine chlorine sets It is standby.
The multiple-effect evaporation concentration is three-effect evaporation and condensation.
A kind of special purpose device of the method for waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine, it is characterized in that:Including Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus, multiple-effect Defluorinate chlorine device is set after evaporation concentration device;The Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus includes multi-stage evaporation unit, every grade of evaporation dress Put and loop is composed in series by evaporator, heater, circulating pump, the gelled acid discharging opening of previous stage vaporising device is concatenated pump with after One-level vaporising device acid inlet is connected, and the steam outlet of rear stage vaporising device is connected with previous stage heater;Afterbody Defluorinate chlorine device is led in the pre-concentration acid outlet of vaporising device;The heater of afterbody vaporising device enters provided with saturated vapor Mouthful;The defluorinate chlorine device includes preheater, and preheater is provided with the sour import of pre-concentration, the outlet of pre-concentration acid and defluorinate of preheater Communicated in the middle part of chlorine tower, defluorinate chlorine tower bottom sets the indirect steam import being connected with reboiler, reboiler enters provided with saturated vapor Mouthful, defluorinate chlorine tower bottom sets and sets tank connected with condensate on the sour first outlet of the purification being connected with reboiler, reboiler Purification acid outlet, the purification acid outlet for condensing water pot is connected with preheater;Defluorinate chlorine tower bottom sets the sour second outlet of purification;It is de- The steam outlet of fluorine chlorine top of tower is connected with condenser.
There is following reaction balance under certain temperature and certain sulfuric acid concentration in fluoride:
MeF2 + H2SO4 = 2HF + MeSO4
As a kind of middle strong acid, the degrees of dissociation of highly polar molecule HF in aqueous are not high, mainly with the fluorine of free state The state for changing hydrogen molecule is present in the aqueous solution, and the presence of the concentrated sulfuric acid further suppress the electricity of fluorination hydrogen molecule in aqueous From.But in the state of high temperature highly acidity, fluorination hydrogen molecule can escape whole solution system in the form of a vapor.This process meeting The entropy of whole system is further increased, promotes whole reaction balance further to move right, reaches whole system defluorinate Purpose.Similarly, hydrogen chloride will also be escaped in the same manner.
By small-scale test, demonstrate under conditions of relatively low acidity and temperature, hydrogen chloride and fluorination hydrogen molecule substantially without Method is removed among solution system;When sulfuric acid concentration in solution and sufficiently high temperature, it is possible to by the overwhelming majority in solution Hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride removing.But, according to conventional evaporation and concentration, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride removal efficiency in sulfuric acid solution≤ 80%, do not reach the technological requirement that acid making system is returned after waste acid purification.The indirect steam condensed water produced, fluorine chlorine are evaporated simultaneously Content is higher, it is impossible to Returning utilization.The waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine technique that we invent, in the waste acid pre-concentration stage, passes through control The concentration and temperature of waste acid, make fluorine chlorine remain in waste acid during multiple-effect evaporation.The indirect steam condensed water that evaporation is produced is free of Fluorine chlorine, can return and use.Pre-concentration acid enters back into special defluorinate chlorine device after heating.The device can realize that sulfuric acid is dense Degree and the control and regulation of temperature, and multi-stage separation column plate is designed with, it can ensure that the hydrogen fluoride in sulfuric acid solution, hydrogen chloride take off Except rate is more than 95%.
Waste acid is according to conventional process, after eliminating arsenic and heavy metal through over cure, clarification, filtering, into waste acid Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus.In Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus, more than 90% moisture content is evaporated in waste acid.By controlling sulfuric acid Concentration, temperature, the fluorine chlorine in acid is not separated out, the not fluorine-containing chlorine of indirect steam condensate liquid.Then, pre-concentration acid enters concentration and taken off Fluorine chlorine device.In concentration defluorinating chlorine device, sulfuric acid concentration is further improved, temperature is further improved, by multi-stage separation tower After plate, fluorine chlorine is set to be separated out from solution, and with water vapour(Indirect steam)Take system out of.Go out the purification of concentration defluorinating chlorine device Acid, adds the absorption system that water enters sulphuric acid plant as relieving haperacidity, reclaims Sulphur ressource.Gone after water vapour containing fluorine chlorine is condensed The retracting device of sodium fluoride, sodium chloride.
Advantages of the present invention:
1st, gypsum tailings is not produced, i.e., does not produce secondary pollution;
2nd, waste acid uses multiple-effect pre-concentration, is stripped of in waste acid more than 90% moisture, and this some vapor condensed water is not fluorine-containing Chlorine, can return and use;
3rd, the sour defluorinate chlorine equipment of pre-concentration uses " reboiler+defluorinate chlorine tower ", and efficiency high, equipment size are small, reduced investment, with Hot-air concentration defluorinating chlorine is compared, and energy consumption is greatly lowered;
4th, waste acid is after conventional vulcanization removing heavy metals and arsenic, after multiple-effect evaporation pre-concentration, reboiler defluorinate chlorine, Acid making system can be added, Sulphur ressource is utilized.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is defluorinate chlorine schematic device.
Embodiment
A kind of method of waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine, comprises the following steps:
(1)Waste acid after vulcanizing treatment is concentrated by multiple-effect evaporation, by waste acid more than 90% moisture evaporation; Multiple-effect evaporation controls the concentration of waste acid to be 25%-40%, control the temperature of waste acid to be 105 DEG C -110 DEG C when concentrating, and fluorine chlorine is still protected Hold in waste acid, obtain pre-concentration acid;The not fluorine-containing chlorine of indirect steam condensed water produced is evaporated, can be returned as technique hot water Use;The not fluorine-containing chlorine of water vapor condensation water that multiple-effect evaporation concentration is produced, can return to and use;
(2)The temperature of pre-concentration acid is maintained at 125 DEG C -145 DEG C in reboiler using initial steam, then pre-concentration acid Into defluorinate chlorine tower, in defluorinate chlorine tower, after fluorine chlorine in sulfuric acid separates sulfuric acid through multistage column plate, with water vapour from tower top band Go out;In defluorinate chlorine tower, after the fluorine chlorine in sulfuric acid separates sulfuric acid through multistage column plate, taken out of with water vapour from tower top.Will in bottom of towe Partial cleansing acid takes out, and delivers to acid making system or take-away;Partial cleansing acid still returns to reboiler.Through this step, during pre-concentration is sour Hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride removal efficiency is more than 95%.Meanwhile, acid is dense further to be carried to 45%-60%.
The water vapour of the fluorine-containing chlorine of defluorinate chlorine top of tower is condensed within the condenser, and condensate liquid then is delivered into the recovery of fluorine chlorine sets It is standby.
The multiple-effect evaporation concentration is three-effect evaporation and condensation.
A kind of special purpose device of the method for waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine, including Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus, multiple-effect evaporation concentration Defluorinate chlorine device is set after device;The Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus includes multi-stage evaporation unit, and every grade of vaporising device is by evaporating Device 1, heater 2, circulating pump 3 are composed in series loop, and the gelled acid discharging opening of previous stage vaporising device is concatenated pump 4 and rear stage Vaporising device acid inlet is connected, and the steam outlet 5 of rear stage vaporising device is connected with previous stage heater;Afterbody evaporates Defluorinate chlorine device is led in the pre-concentration acid outlet of device;The heater of afterbody vaporising device is provided with saturated vapor import 6;Institute Stating defluorinate chlorine device includes preheater 7, and preheater is provided with the sour import 8 of pre-concentration, pre-concentration acid outlet 9 and the defluorinate chlorine of preheater The middle part of tower 10 is communicated, and defluorinate chlorine tower bottom sets the indirect steam import 12 being connected with reboiler 11, and reboiler is provided with saturation Steam inlet 13, defluorinate chlorine tower bottom sets and set on the sour first outlet 14 of the purification being connected with reboiler, reboiler with condensing The purification acid outlet 16 that water pot 15 is connected, the purification acid outlet 17 for condensing water pot is connected with preheater 7;Defluorinate chlorine tower bottom is set The sour second outlet 18 of purification;The steam outlet 19 of defluorinate chlorine top of tower is connected with condenser 20.Condenser 20 is followed provided with industry Water out 22 under water inlet 21, industrial cycle on ring.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of method of waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine, it is characterized in that:Comprise the following steps:
(1) waste acid after vulcanizing treatment is concentrated by multiple-effect evaporation, by waste acid more than 90% moisture evaporation;Multiple-effect The concentration that waste acid is controlled during evaporation and concentration is 25%-40%, controls the temperature of waste acid to be 105 DEG C -110 DEG C, fluorine chlorine is still kept In waste acid, pre-concentration acid is obtained;The not fluorine-containing chlorine of water vapor condensation water that multiple-effect evaporation concentration is produced, can return to and use;
(2) temperature of pre-concentration acid is maintained at 125 DEG C -145 DEG C in reboiler using initial steam, then pre-concentration acid enters Defluorinate chlorine tower, in defluorinate chlorine tower, after the fluorine chlorine in sulfuric acid separates sulfuric acid through multistage column plate, takes out of with water vapour from tower top; Bottom of towe takes out Partial cleansing acid, and Partial cleansing acid still returns to reboiler.
2. the method for waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The water of the fluorine-containing chlorine of defluorinate chlorine top of tower Steam is condensed within the condenser, and condensate liquid then is delivered into fluorine chlorine reclaimer.
3. the method for waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The multiple-effect evaporation concentration is triple effect It is concentrated by evaporation.
CN201510982827.1A 2015-12-24 2015-12-24 The method and special purpose device of waste acid concentration defluorinating chlorine Active CN105502307B (en)

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CN106823759A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-06-13 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Defluorinate chlorine device
CN106882777B (en) * 2017-04-06 2018-08-14 南通三圣石墨设备科技股份有限公司 A kind of purifying phosphoric acid concentration technology
CN107670315A (en) * 2017-09-30 2018-02-09 无锡英罗唯森科技有限公司 Sulphuric acid concentration system and technique
CN109078351B (en) * 2018-09-17 2023-09-05 杭州东日节能技术有限公司 Defluorination chlorine tower and process and device for removing fluorine and chlorine in sulfuric acid by adopting same
CN112387096A (en) * 2020-10-16 2021-02-23 楚雄滇中有色金属有限责任公司 Novel method for purifying and recycling arsenic-containing flue gas by using acidic liquid medium

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CN201109712Y (en) * 2007-09-04 2008-09-03 冯圣君 Apparatus for removing inorganic salt in diluted acid during enriching process
CN101428760B (en) * 2008-12-22 2010-08-11 冯圣君 Method and device for recycling hydrochloric acid and ferrous chloride with acid washing phosphorization waste liquor of steel wire rope
CN102424368B (en) * 2011-09-27 2016-04-06 东营方圆有色金属有限公司 Hot blast method of enrichment removes the technique of F, Cl, As in dirty acid
US9150440B2 (en) * 2012-05-10 2015-10-06 The National Titanium Dioxide Co. Ltd. (Cristal) Method for purification of spent sulfuric acid from titanium dioxide rutile industry
CN104909507B (en) * 2015-06-02 2017-05-24 河南双屿新材料科技有限公司 Contaminated acid concentrating and recycling method
CN205328617U (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-06-22 南通三圣石墨设备科技股份有限公司 Device of dirty sour concentrated defluorinate chlorine

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Denomination of invention: Method and dedicated device for concentrated defluorination and chlorine removal of polluted acid

Granted publication date: 20170901

Pledgee: Bank of Communications Co.,Ltd. Nantong Branch

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