CN105501247B - A kind of brakes for goods train - Google Patents
A kind of brakes for goods train Download PDFInfo
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- CN105501247B CN105501247B CN201610019048.6A CN201610019048A CN105501247B CN 105501247 B CN105501247 B CN 105501247B CN 201610019048 A CN201610019048 A CN 201610019048A CN 105501247 B CN105501247 B CN 105501247B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
- B61H11/00—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types
- B61H11/06—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types of hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, or aerodynamic brakes
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of brakes for goods train, including by train pipe, distributing valve (5), auxiliary reservoir (3), checking cylinder (6) and the main brake pipeline for accelerating alleviation reservoir (4) composition, checking cylinder (6) connects brake block, and for producing main brake torque to wheel, distributing valve (5) is also connected with auxiliary braking pipeline, the auxiliary braking pipeline includes the empty and load control valve component (7) being sequentially connected, relay valve (8), gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve (10), fuel tank (12) and hydraulic retarder (11), the hydraulic retarder (11) is used to produce auxiliary brake torque to axletree, relay valve (8) is also connected with providing the air feed cylinder (6) of pressure air, empty and load control valve component (7) is also connected with distributing valve (5).Compared with prior art, the present invention can meet the brake request of goods train different loads state, have the advantages that low, brake block abrasion loss is lost in pressure air and wheel tread abrasion is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of brakes, more particularly, to a kind of brakes for goods train.
Background technology
One of existing goods train control for brake core problem is exactly empty, loaded vehicle braking ratio differs too big, it is difficult to balanced
Whole braking force of train (square) is controlled, the excessive locking wheel of empty wagons brake force can be caused, cause wheel flat.Application train is empty now
Loaded vehicle adjusting apparatus basic structure theory is：The design of train braking system braking ratio is, using loaded vehicle as standard, to be turned by empty wagons
To frame bolster, in sky, loaded vehicle state, diverse location triggering empty and load brake equipment, discharge unit enter the pressure sky of checking cylinder
Gas, to reach the purpose for reducing empty wagons brake force.Because bogie primary shock-damping structure with empty and load change and it is inaccurate it is sensitive,
Adaptability is poor, and arranging brake-cylinder pressure air for the goods train grown up of marshalling is lost also larger, cannot guarantee that empty wagons
When braking procedure wheel do not abrade completely.
Because during braking, checking cylinder active force is excessive and friction temperature is raised, aggravation brake shoe wears away and causes wheel pedal
The problem of face is inlayed is also more serious, significantly impacts the cost control of train operating safety and operation maintenance.It is at this stage holding
The inexpensive cost of huge number of goods stock, most roller bearing adapter stabilizer bars are still using this relatively easy all over the world
Structure type, train brake control system and brake rigging do not do comprehensive change yet.So in the urgent need to working out,
Do not make big improvement in existing brakes, and the difference under the unloaded and heavily loaded two kinds of working conditions of goods train can be met
The brakes of brake request.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly the defect in order to overcome above-mentioned existing empty and load adjustment brake force technology presence and provided
A kind of brakes for goods train.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of brakes for goods train, including by train pipe, distributing valve, auxiliary reservoir, accelerate alleviate reservoir and
The main brake pipeline of checking cylinder composition, described distributing valve is also connected with train pipe, and described checking cylinder connection brake block is used in combination
In producing main brake torque to wheel, described distributing valve is also connected with auxiliary braking pipeline, and the auxiliary braking pipeline is included successively
Air feed cylinder, relay valve, gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve, fuel tank and the hydraulic retarder of connection, auxiliary is produced during for loaded vehicle to axletree
Braking moment, described relay valve is also connected with empty and load control valve component, and the empty and load control valve component is also connected with distributing valve.
Described air feed cylinder connection auxiliary reservoir, check valve is additionally provided between auxiliary reservoir and air feed cylinder；
When train braking is alleviated, by distribution valve action, the pressure air of train pipe is filled with auxiliary reservoir and air feed cylinder,
Check valve is used to prevent pressure air from flowing backwards；
When goods train is in braking, the allocated valve output of pressure air in auxiliary reservoir is allocated as two parts and respectively enterd
Checking cylinder and empty and load control valve component, empty and load control valve component receive the empty heavy condition letter of the bogie of goods train
Number, there are following two damped conditions：
When goods train is unloaded, empty and load control valve component is closed, so that relay valve is closed, air feed cylinder turns with gas-liquid
The pipeline cut-out changed between pressure charging valve, now, goods train only act on wheel tread execution by checking cylinder driving brake block
Braking；
When goods train is heavily loaded, empty and load control valve component is opened, and empty and load control valve component is opened, transmission distributing valve point
The pressure air signal matched somebody with somebody is to relay valve and controls relay valve to open, and makes the repeated valve flow of the pressure air in air feed cylinder
The work fluid in gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve, pressurized fuel tank is amplified into, and working oil hydraulic pressure is entered in hydraulic retarder, this
When, goods train promotes what the main brake torque and hydraulic retarder of the generation of brake block acting wheel tread were provided by checking cylinder
Auxiliary brake torque is braked jointly, to increase braking moment during train heavy duty.
Described empty and load control valve component includes support, empty and load control valve, slide bar and suppresses disk, and described slide bar is consolidated
Surely it is arranged on suppression disk, described support is arranged on slide bar, and by receiving the load-bearing pressure signal of goods train and edge
Slide bar is moved, and described empty and load control valve is arranged on support, and the two ends of empty and load control valve connect relay valve and system respectively
Dynamic cylinder.
Described empty and load control valve includes the control valve body of connecting bracket, and working chamber is provided with the control valve body,
Provided with the control valve piston being moved along it in working chamber, and working chamber is divided into work epicoele and the connection for connecting checking cylinder
The work cavity of resorption of relay valve, described control valve piston is provided with sandwich valve, and intracavitary also activity, which is set, under described work stretches out
Work cavity of resorption and the feeler lever being fixedly connected with the bonnet of body base, the top contact sandwich valve of the feeler lever；
When goods train is heavily loaded, empty and load control valve is moved down with support along slide bar, and contact inhibition disk, now, feeler lever
Fixed with bonnet, the pressure air that control valve piston is passed over by checking cylinder continues to move down, and causes feeler lever top to open control
Sandwich valve on valve piston, so that empty and load control valve is opened and connects relay valve and checking cylinder；
When goods train is unloaded, empty and load control valve resets to slide bar centre position with support, now, controls valve piston
During the pressure air passed over by checking cylinder is moved down, feeler lever is moved down simultaneously, and sandwich valve is closed, so that empty and load
Control valve closes and shuts off relay valve and checking cylinder.
Being additionally provided between described sandwich valve and control valve valve interior wall makes it reset the sandwich valve spring closed；
It is additionally provided between described control valve piston and control valve valve interior wall and moves pressure for adjusting control valve piston
Pressure spring；
The second back-moving spring for resetting feeler lever is additionally provided between described feeler lever and control valve valve interior wall, this
One return spring assembly is made up of two back-moving springs at connecting bracket respectively and slide bar two ends.
The (the first back-moving spring component for relaxing vehicle vibration disturbance is additionally provided with described slide bar.
Described relay valve includes relaying valve body, be sequentially provided with the relaying valve body diaphragm plate piston chamber, exhaust air box, in
Diaphragm plate piston is provided with compartment and air supplying chamber, described diaphragm plate piston chamber, empty and load is connected in the side of diaphragm plate piston by pipeline
Control valve, opposite side is sequentially connected the exhaust valve that control exhaust air box is switched and the air feed for controlling air supplying chamber to switch by piston rod
Exhaust outlet, described medial compartment connection gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve, described air supplying chamber's connection are additionally provided with valve, described exhaust air box
Air feed cylinder, described medial compartment is also connected to piston rod side with diaphragm plate piston chamber by shrinkage cavity and is connected.
Fin is additionally provided with described hydraulic retarder and fuel tank.
Described fin is in cellular, and using the radiating of wind-cooling heat dissipating pattern.
Distributing valve in the present invention can be using 120 type air slide valves etc..
The present invention by it is conventional be applied under Light Condition by train pipe, distributing valve, auxiliary reservoir, accelerate to alleviate wind
Cylinder and checking cylinder composition main brake unit on the basis of set booster-type auxiliary braking unit, booster-type auxiliary braking unit by
There is provided additional braking force without abrasion hydraulic retarder, and by empty and load control valve and the compound action of relay valve realize operation or
Stop, empty and load control valve component receives the delivery situation of goods train, when unloaded or loading capacity is not enough to open empty and load control
During valve module processed, train braking drives brake block to implement wheel tread and braked by checking cylinder；When train is heavily loaded, bare weight
Car control valve component is opened, and the pressure air in checking cylinder pipeline carries out in relay valve and opens relay valve so that air feed cylinder with
Gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve is connected, and work fluid is pressurized and sent into hydraulic retarder, so as to carry out auxiliary braking to train rotating shaft.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
(1) of the invention is to set up extra without abrasion hydraulic retarder offer on the basis of for train zero load braking
Additional braking force, heavily loaded brake force is first set, again by discharging pressure air reduction brake force come to unloaded train with existing
For the mode of braking, the loss of the pressure air of mode of braking of the invention is small, and the braking of hydraulic retarder can be big
The abrasion of big brake block when reducing braking, extends the service life of brake block, thus reduce vehicle use and
Maintenance cost.
(2) displacement of empty and load control valve of the invention with the different of the loading capacity of train on slide bar vertical direction
Also differ, when trainload reaches certain threshold values, empty and load control valve is in the presence of the pressure air of checking cylinder, meeting
So that empty and load control valve two ends are connected, so as to act on relay valve, and run hydraulic retarder working line, and then to turning
Axle carries out braking.
(3) when braking, the present invention is connected bare weight by relay valve and carries control valve and gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve respectively, cleverly
The pressure air that control valve is carried from bare weight is changed the pressure air feeding gas-liquid in air feed cylinder as control pressure signal
Pressure charging valve, promotes the hydraulic oil in fuel tank to enter hydraulic retarder, produces non-abrasion braking effect.
(4) present invention is carried using bare weight and controlled under the conditions of the original air brake control system of goods train is not changed
Valve, using the distributing valve of original Pneumatic brake systems, in control brake shoe friction catch simultaneously, also provides pressure air signal to control
Hydraulic retarder processed produces braking action, improves the braking ability of goods train, in the case where at utmost reducing cost, realizes
The possibility of application.
(5) it is of the invention also by pipeline setting check valve and air feed cylinder between auxiliary reservoir and relay valve, so that for
Reservoir turns into an independent device that pressure charging valve supply is changed to gas-liquid between auxiliary reservoir, from without influenceing auxiliary reservoir to system
The supply on dynamic earthen pipe road.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the relay valve of the present invention；
Fig. 3 carries the structural representation of control valve component for the bare weight of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is workflow diagram of the invention；
Assembling structure schematic diagrams of the Fig. 5 for hydraulic retarder of the invention ON TRAINS；
In figure, 1- train pipes, 2- branch pipes, 3- auxiliary reservoirs, 4- accelerates to alleviate reservoir, 5- distributing valves, 6- checking cylinders, 7- bare weights
Car control valve, 8- relay valves, 9- air feed cylinders, 10- gas-liquids conversion pressure charging valve, 11- hydraulic retarders, 12- fuel tanks, 13- fin,
14- switch valves, 15- check valves, 16- tee pipe couplings, 71- supports, 72- (the first back-moving spring components, 73- suppresses disk, 74- controls
Valve body processed, 75- bonnets, 76- feeler levers, 77- relay valves connection end, 78- second back-moving springs, 79- pressure springs, 710- controls
Valve piston, 711- sandwich valves, 712- checking cylinders connection end, 713- sandwich valve springs, 81- diaphragm plate pistons, 82- exhaust outlets, 83- rows
Air-valve, 84- air feed valves, 85- diaphragm plates piston chamber, 86- exhaust air boxs, 87- shrinkage cavities, 88- medial compartments, 89- piston rods, 810- air feeds
Room.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
A kind of brakes for goods train, as shown in figure 1, including by train pipe 1, auxiliary reservoir 3, distributing valve 5, plus
Speed alleviates the main brake pipeline that reservoir 4 and checking cylinder 6 are constituted, and checking cylinder 6 connects freight car foundation brake rigging device by pull bar lever
And brake block, and for producing main brake torque to wheel, brakes also includes the auxiliary braking pipe being connected with distributing valve 5
Road, the auxiliary braking pipeline includes empty and load control valve component 7, relay valve 8, gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve 10, the oil being sequentially connected
Case 12 and hydraulic retarder 11, relay valve 8 are also connected with providing the air feed cylinder 9 of pressure air, and empty and load control valve component 7 is also connected with
Tee pipe coupling 16, the another two ends of tee pipe coupling 16 connect checking cylinder 6 and distributing valve 5 respectively, air feed cylinder 9 also with auxiliary reservoir 3
Connection, is also sequentially provided with switch valve 14 and check valve 15 between auxiliary reservoir 3 and air feed cylinder 9；
Empty and load control valve component 7, as shown in figure 3, including support 71, empty and load control valve, slide bar and suppress disk 73, it is sliding
Bar is fixedly installed on suppression disk 73, and support 71 is arranged on slide bar, and by receiving the load-bearing pressure signal of goods train
Moved along slide bar, the (the first back-moving spring component 72 for relaxing vehicle vibration disturbance, (the first back-moving spring are additionally provided with slide bar
Component 72 is made up of two back-moving springs at connecting bracket 71 respectively and slide bar two ends, and empty and load control valve is arranged on support 71
On, the two ends of empty and load control valve connect relay valve 8 and checking cylinder 6 respectively, and empty and load control valve includes the control of connecting bracket 71
Working chamber is provided with valve body 74 processed, the control valve body 74, provided with the control valve piston 710 being moved along it in working chamber,
And working chamber is divided into the work epicoele of checking cylinder 6 is connected and by relay valve connection end 77 by checking cylinder connection end 712
The work cavity of resorption of relay valve 8 is connected, is additionally provided between control valve piston 710 and the control inwall of valve body 74 for adjusting control valve
Piston 710 moves and is additionally provided with sandwich valve 711, sandwich valve 711 and control valve on the pressure spring 79 of pressure, control valve piston 710
Being additionally provided between the inwall of valve body 74 makes it reset the sandwich valve spring 713 closed, and the also activity of the lower intracavitary of work, which is set, stretches out work
Cavity of resorption and the feeler lever 76 being fixedly connected with the bonnet 75 of body base, the top contact sandwich valve 711 of the feeler lever 76, feeler lever 76 with
The second back-moving spring 78 for resetting feeler lever 76 is additionally provided between the control inwall of valve body 74.
Relay valve 8, as shown in Fig. 2 including the valve body of relay valve 8, diaphragm plate piston chamber is sequentially provided with the valve body of relay valve 8
85th, diaphragm plate piston 81, the side of diaphragm plate piston 81 are provided with exhaust air box 86, medial compartment 88 and air supplying chamber 810, diaphragm plate piston chamber 85
Empty and load control valve is connected by pipeline, opposite side is sequentially connected the exhaust valve 83 that control exhaust air box 86 is switched by piston rod 89
Exhaust outlet 82 is additionally provided with the air feed valve 84 switched with control air supplying chamber 810, exhaust air box 86, the connection gas-liquid conversion of medial compartment 88 increases
Pressure valve 10, the connection air feed cylinder of air supplying chamber 810 9, medial compartment 88 is also connected to piston rod 89 1 by shrinkage cavity 87 and diaphragm plate piston chamber 85
Side is connected.
Fin 13 is additionally provided with hydraulic retarder 11 and fuel tank 12, fin 13 is in cellular, and uses wind-cooling heat dissipating
Pattern radiates.
When train braking is alleviated, acted on by distributing valve 5, the pressure air of train pipe is filled with the air feed cylinder 9 of auxiliary reservoir 3
Interior, check valve 15 is used to prevent pressure air from flowing backwards；
When goods train is in braking, the allocated valve 5 of pressure air in auxiliary reservoir 3 is exported, and is allocated as two parts and is entered respectively
Enter checking cylinder 6 and empty and load control valve component 7, the bare weight that empty and load control valve component 7 receives the bogie of goods train carries shape
State signal, there is following two damped conditions：
When goods train is unloaded, empty and load control valve resets to slide bar centre position with support 71, controls valve piston 710
During the pressure air passed over by checking cylinder 6 is moved down, feeler lever 76 is moved down simultaneously, and sandwich valve 711 is closed, so that
Empty and load control valve closes and shuts off auxiliary braking pipeline, now, and goods train is only acted on by the driving brake block of checking cylinder 6
Wheel tread implements braking；
When goods train is heavily loaded, empty and load control valve is moved down with support 71 along slide bar, and contact inhibition disk 73, now,
Feeler lever 76 is fixed with bonnet 75, and the pressure air that control valve piston 710 is passed over by checking cylinder 6 continues to move down, and causes
Feeler lever 76 pushes up the sandwich valve 711 opened on control valve piston 710, so that empty and load control valve is opened and connects relay valve 8 and make
Dynamic cylinder 6, pressure air enters in relay valve 8 from empty and load control valve component 7, and pressure air signal is to relay valve 8 and makes for transmission
Relay valve 8 is opened, and entering gas-liquid after the repeated Flow amplification of valve 8 of pressure air in control air feed cylinder 9 changes pressure charging valve 10
Air pipe line, oil liquid pressure is converted to by air pressure supercharging so that the working oil hydraulic pressure after being pressurized in fuel tank 12 enters fluid power resistance
In Buddhist nun's device 11, now, goods train is promoted the main brake torque and fluid power of brake block acting wheel tread generation by checking cylinder 6
The auxiliary brake torque that damper 11 is provided is braked jointly, to increase braking moment during train heavy duty.
The operation principle of the relay valve 8 of the present invention is specific as follows：During braking, the pressure come is shunted by empty and load control valve
Air enters the left side of diaphragm plate piston chamber 85, promotes diaphragm plate piston 81 to move to right, and air feed valve 84, the height of air feed cylinder 9 are driven in the top of piston rod 89
Press air to enter gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve 10 for 84 mouthfuls by air feed valve, and the right side of diaphragm plate piston 81 is entered by shrinkage cavity 87.With gas
Liquid changes the increase of the pressure of pressure charging valve 10, and the pressure on the right side of diaphragm plate piston chamber 85 in communication synchronously increases, diaphragm plate piston 81
The pressure difference of both sides constantly reduces, and promotes diaphragm plate piston 81 to gradually return to original centre position, the 84 mouthfuls of closings of air feed valve, air feed
Cylinder 9 stops supercharging.In the case, the pressure of checking cylinder 6 equivalent increase synchronous with the gas-liquid conversion pressure realization of pressure charging valve 10.If
Gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve 10 is slightly depressurized because of leakage, then diaphragm plate piston 81 will be moved to right slightly under the promotion of both sides pressure difference,
84 mouthfuls of air feed valve is set to open some wind, air feed cylinder 9 can slightly mend some wind to gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve 10, increase until gas-liquid is changed
The air chamber of pressure valve 10 recovers original pressure.When checking cylinder 6 alleviates air draft decompression, diaphragm plate piston 81 will be moved to left, and pull open exhaust valve 83,
Now, the pressure-air of the gas-liquid conversion air chamber of pressure charging valve 10 is discharged into air by exhaust valve 83, exhaust outlet 82.As gas-liquid is changed
The reduction of the air chamber pressure of pressure charging valve 10, diaphragm plate piston 81 will also gradually return to middle pressurize position, close exhaust outlet 82, turn air pressure
Change pressure charging valve air chamber and stop decompression.Now, gas-liquid changes the air chamber of pressure charging valve 10 if any leakage, and air feed cylinder 9 can similarly be mended to it
Wind, makes it recover original pressure.
The operation principle that the bare weight of the present invention carries control valve is specific as follows：When train is unloaded or (is not reaching to without heavy duty
Open the connection threshold values that bare weight carries control valve in top) when, support 71 is maintained at stable position in the presence of (the first back-moving spring component 72
Put, now, suppress disk 73 and keep certain distance with feeler lever 76, the pressure m of train pipe 1, the pressure air of auxiliary reservoir 3 is the allocated
Valve 5 is inflated to checking cylinder 6, with the increase of the pressure air of checking cylinder 6, promotes control valve piston 710 to move down, and with sandwich valve bullet
The collective effect of spring 713, second back-moving spring 78, pressure spring 79 etc., while moved down with movable feeler lever 76, now sandwich valve 711
Remain off, hydraulic retarder 11 can not work because pipeline is cut off；
When train heavy duty (reaching that the connection threshold values that bare weight carries control valve is opened on top), bare weight carries control valve with support 71
Move, after feeler lever 76 is contacted with suppressing disk 73, feeler lever 76 keeps height and position constant, now, when the pressure m of train pipe 1, secondary
The allocated valve 5 of pressure air of reservoir 3 is inflated to checking cylinder 6, with the increase of the pressure air of checking cylinder 6, controls valve piston 710
Moved down under the effect of the pressure air of checking cylinder 6, compression second back-moving spring 78 and pressure spring 79, now in pressure air
In the presence of, feeler lever 76 pushes up the sandwich valve 711 opened in control valve piston 710, the pressure come in by the transmission of checking cylinder 6 of work epicoele
Valve port of the power air through unlatching flows to relay valve 8, controls the auxiliary braking cell operation of the grade composition of hydraulic retarder 11.Work as control
The effect of the two-way pressure of valve piston 710 is reached after balance, controls the sandwich valve 711 in valve piston 710 in the work of sandwich valve spring 713
Valve port is re-closing off automatically with lower, maintains the air pressure of checking cylinder 6 and gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve 10 constant.When train pipe 1
When inflation is alleviated, the allocated row of valve 5 of pressure air of checking cylinder 6 is to air, and sandwich valve is driven on the pressure air top of the lower intracavitary of work
711, the unlatching of relay valve 8 gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve 10 and the path of air, realize the excision of booster-type loaded vehicle adjusting apparatus therewith.
When the brakes of the present invention is used for goods train braking, specific control process is as shown in Figure 4, it is known that：
In step 401, brakes is initialized, and checking cylinder 6 and air feed cylinder 9 are inflated, each valve reset, each reservoir
Just inflate, empty and load brake equipment is in idle position, subsequently into step 402.
In step 402, braking instruction is sent.Drivers' cab assigns braking instruction, and engine brake valve air draft, train pipe 1 subtracts
Pressure, brake signal is conducted to distributing valve by brake pressure ripple.
When driver control automatic brake valve makes brake pipe execution service braking decompression, distributing valve 5 is acted, and auxiliary reservoir 3 passes through
Distributing valve 5 is inflated to checking cylinder pipeline, performs checking cylinder-brake shoe friction catch.Checking cylinder 6 drives lock by mechanical lever structure
Watt press close to wheel and carry out friction catch.The pressure air of checking cylinder 6 enters empty and load control valve by its gas circuit branch road simultaneously.
In the air pressure elevation process of checking cylinder 6, while performing step 406, empty and load operating mode judgement is carried out.If it is determined that being sky
Car, then directly perform step 411, the deboost phase terminates, into the packing stage of checking cylinder 6, and the pressure of checking cylinder 6 remains unchanged.If
It is determined as loaded vehicle, then empty and load control valve is opened, connection relay valve 8 and checking cylinder 6.
After gas circuit connection, step 407 is performed, when the air pressure of checking cylinder 6 rises, pressure air passes through empty and load control
Valve enters the left side of diaphragm plate piston chamber 85, promotes the diaphragm plate piston 81 of relay valve 8, performs step 408.
In a step 408, when the pressure of checking cylinder 6 rises, diaphragm plate piston 81 is moved to right, and air feed valve 84 is driven on the top of piston rod 89,
Subsequently into step 409.
In step 409, with the unlatching of air feed valve 84, the pressure-air of air feed cylinder 9 enters gas by 84 mouthfuls of air feed valve
Liquid changes pressure charging valve 10, and enters the right side of diaphragm plate piston 81 by shrinkage cavity 87.As gas-liquid changes the increase of the pressure of pressure charging valve 10, film
The both sides pressure difference of plate piston 81 is gradually reduced, and gradually returns to original centre position, and 84 mouthfuls of closings of air feed valve, air feed cylinder 9 stops
Supercharging.Pressure charging valve 10 is changed as pressure-air constantly enters gas-liquid, step 410 is performed.
In step 410, gases at high pressure enter the big side air chamber of the gas-liquid conversion area of section of pressure charging valve 10, promote supercharging
Valve core so that the fuel tank 12 of supercharging valve core opposite side obtains the high pressure for meeting the braking ability requirement of hydraulic retarder 11.With
The movement of supercharging valve core, the working media in the pushed at high pressure fuel tank 12 that valve element is brought is to the fuel feeding of hydraulic retarder 11, liquid
The internal filled liquid rate of damper 11 is continuously increased, and braking moment constantly increases, and steps into braking mode.
In step 411, the air pressure of checking cylinder 6 reaches maximum, the internal filled liquid rate of hydraulic retarder 11 close to 100%, this
When the overall brake force of train reach maximum, into train next step packing stage.
After drivers' cab sends pressurize instruction, the air pressure of checking cylinder 6 keeps constant, and pressure signal is constant, diaphragm plate piston 81 times
To poised state, gas circuit is cut off between air feed cylinder 9 and gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve 10, no abrasion internal work liquid of hydraulic retarder 11
Force feed amount remains unchanged, no abrasion continuous braking of hydraulic retarder 11.
After drivers' cab sends alleviation instruction, the air pressure of train pipe 1 rises, and the lower checking cylinder 6 of the effect of distributing valve 5 is vented, and is caused
The left side air pressure reduction for the diaphragm plate piston chamber 85 being connected with its gas circuit, diaphragm plate piston 81 is moved to left, and disconnects the gas circuit of air feed cylinder 9, gas
The pressure air of liquid conversion increase valve leads to air by exhaust outlet 82, and gas-liquid changes the valve element of pressure charging valve 10 because pressure differential resets,
Fluid in the work oil liquid pressure reduction of fuel tank 12, Retarder is back to fuel tank under the double action of centrifugal force and gravity
12。
The mounting means of hydraulic retarder 11 on a freight train is as shown in Figure 5：
It is provided with goods train bogie on 4 hydraulic retarders 11, each axletree of bogie and 2 leaves is respectively installed
Opposite 11,4 hydraulic retarders 11 of hydraulic retarder of piece incline direction formed it is rectangular-shaped be arranged symmetrically, on rectangular-shaped diagonal
Two hydraulic retarders 11 blade lean direction it is identical, it is ensured that the quality of bogie both sides and the balance of brake force, fluid power
The stator and shell of damper 11 are connected by being hinged pull bar with goods train truck bolster, make the stator of hydraulic retarder 11
Rack position stabilization is turned to respect to goods train with shell, and adapts to bolster vibration.Two on the straight line vertical with axletree
Individual hydraulic retarder 11 connects a fuel tank 12 by oil pipe, and fuel tank 12 is arranged on below goods train truck bolster.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is understood that for ease of those skilled in the art and using invention.
Person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiment without passing through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, ability
Field technique personnel are according to the announcement of the present invention, and not departing from improvement and modification that scope made all should be the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of brakes for goods train, including wind is alleviated by train pipe, distributing valve (5), auxiliary reservoir (3), acceleration
The main brake pipeline of cylinder (4) and checking cylinder (6) composition, described checking cylinder (6) connection brake block, and for being produced to wheel
Main brake torque, it is characterised in that described distributing valve (5) is also connected with auxiliary braking pipeline, the auxiliary braking pipeline include according to
Empty and load control valve component (7), relay valve (8), gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve (10), fuel tank (12) and the hydraulic retarder of secondary connection
(11), the hydraulic retarder (11) is used to produce axletree auxiliary brake torque, and described relay valve (8) is also connected with providing pressure
The air feed cylinder (9) of air, described empty and load control valve component (7) is also connected with distributing valve (5)；Described air feed cylinder (9) is even
Auxiliary reservoir (3) is connect, check valve (15) is additionally provided between auxiliary reservoir (3) and air feed cylinder (9)；
When train braking is alleviated, acted on by distributing valve (5), the pressure air of train pipe is filled with auxiliary reservoir (3) and air feed cylinder
(9) in, check valve (15) is used to prevent pressure air from flowing backwards；
When goods train is in braking, the allocated valve of pressure air (5) output in auxiliary reservoir (3) is allocated as two parts and entered respectively
Enter checking cylinder (6) and empty and load control valve component (7), empty and load control valve component (7) receives the sky of the bogie of goods train
Heavy condition signal, there is following two damped conditions：
When goods train is unloaded, empty and load control valve component (7) is closed, so that relay valve (8) is closed, air feed cylinder (9) with
Pipeline cut-out between gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve (10), now, goods train are only acted on by checking cylinder (6) driving brake block
Wheel tread implements braking；
When goods train is heavily loaded, empty and load control valve component (7) is opened, the pressure air letter that transmission distributing valve (5) distribution comes
Number to relay valve (8) and control relay valve (8) open, make after the repeated valve of pressure air (8) Flow amplification in air feed cylinder (9)
The work fluid in pressure charging valve (10), pressurized fuel tank (12) is changed into gas-liquid, and working oil hydraulic pressure is entered hydraulic retarder
(11) in, now, goods train is promoted the main brake torque and fluid power of brake block acting wheel tread generation by checking cylinder (6)
The auxiliary brake torque that damper (11) is provided is braked jointly, to increase braking moment during train heavy duty.
2. a kind of brakes for goods train according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described empty and load control
Valve module (7) processed includes support (71), empty and load control valve (7), slide bar and suppresses disk (73), and described slide bar is fixedly installed on
Suppress on disk (73), described support (71) is arranged on slide bar, and by receiving the load-bearing pressure signal of goods train and edge
Slide bar is moved, and described empty and load control valve (7) is arranged on support (71), and the two ends of empty and load control valve (7) are connected respectively
Relay valve (8) and checking cylinder (6).
3. a kind of brakes for goods train according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described empty and load control
Valve (7) processed includes the control valve body (74) of connecting bracket (71), working chamber is provided with the control valve body (74), in working chamber
It is interior provided with the control valve piston (710) being moved along it, and by working chamber be divided into connection checking cylinder (6) work epicoele and connection
The work cavity of resorption of relay valve (8), described control valve piston (710) is provided with sandwich valve (711), and intracavitary is also under described work
Activity sets the feeler lever (76) for stretching out work cavity of resorption and being fixedly connected with the bonnet (75) of body base, the top of the feeler lever (76)
Contact sandwich valve (711)；
When goods train is heavily loaded, empty and load control valve (7) is moved down with support (71) along slide bar, and contact inhibition disk (73), this
When, feeler lever (76) is fixed with bonnet (75), and the pressure air that control valve piston (710) is passed over by checking cylinder (6) continues
Move down, and cause feeler lever (76) top to drive the sandwich valve (711) on control valve piston (710), so that empty and load control valve (7) is beaten
Open and connect relay valve (8) and checking cylinder (6)；
When goods train is unloaded, empty and load control valve (7) resets to slide bar centre position, now, control valve with support (71)
During the pressure air that piston (710) is passed over by checking cylinder (6) is moved down, feeler lever (76) is moved down simultaneously, sandwich valve
(711) close, so that empty and load control valve (7) closes and shuts off relay valve (8) and checking cylinder (6).
4. a kind of brakes for goods train according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described sandwich valve
(711) being additionally provided between control valve body (74) inwall makes it reset the sandwich valve spring (713) closed；
It is additionally provided between described control valve piston (710) and control valve body (74) inwall for adjusting control valve piston
(710) pressure spring (79) of mobile pressure；
The second reset for resetting feeler lever (76) is additionally provided between described feeler lever (76) and control valve body (74) inwall
Spring (78).
5. a kind of brakes for goods train according to claim 2, it is characterised in that on described slide bar also
Provided with the (the first back-moving spring component (72) for relaxing vehicle vibration disturbance, the (the first back-moving spring component (72) by connecting respectively
Connect support (71) and two back-moving springs composition at slide bar two ends.
6. a kind of brakes for goods train according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described relay valve
(8) include being sequentially provided with diaphragm plate piston chamber (85), exhaust air box (86), centre on relay valve (8) valve body, relay valve (8) valve body
Diaphragm plate piston (81), the side of diaphragm plate piston (81) are provided with room (88) and air supplying chamber (810), described diaphragm plate piston chamber (85)
Empty and load control valve (7) is connected by pipeline, opposite side is sequentially connected what control exhaust air box (86) was switched by piston rod (89)
Exhaust outlet is additionally provided with the air feed valve (84) of exhaust valve (83) and control air supplying chamber (810) switch, described exhaust air box (86)
(82), described medial compartment (88) connection gas-liquid conversion pressure charging valve (10), described air supplying chamber (810) connection air feed cylinder (9), institute
The medial compartment (88) stated also is connected to piston rod (89) side with diaphragm plate piston chamber (85) by shrinkage cavity (87) and is connected.
7. a kind of brakes for goods train according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described hydraulic damping
Fin (13) is additionally provided with device (11) and fuel tank (12).
8. a kind of brakes for goods train according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described fin
(13) it is in cellular, and using the radiating of wind-cooling heat dissipating pattern.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610019048.6A CN105501247B (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2016-01-13 | A kind of brakes for goods train |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610019048.6A CN105501247B (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2016-01-13 | A kind of brakes for goods train |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105501247A CN105501247A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
| CN105501247B true CN105501247B (en) | 2017-11-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610019048.6A Expired - Fee Related CN105501247B (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2016-01-13 | A kind of brakes for goods train |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108248616A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-06 | 安徽铁总智能装备有限公司 | A kind of shipping EMU |
| CN109249919B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-01-14 | 中车资阳机车有限公司 | Hydraulic braking control unit with empty-weight conversion function |
| CN109969220B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-02-11 | 北京交通大学 | Heavy-duty train cyclic braking method and system based on double air brake pipes |
| CN110509949B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2020-11-10 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Train speed adjusting device |
| CN112550253B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-10-08 | 同济大学 | Freight train empty and heavy vehicle grading adjustment device and adjustment method |
| CN113844490B (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-10-14 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Air backup braking system, braking method and rail transit vehicle |
| CN115384572B (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2024-07-23 | 眉山中车制动科技股份有限公司 | High-precision pressure control structure for railway vehicle |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105501247A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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