CN105498485A - Separation method of methane from coal bed methane-air mixture and system thereof - Google Patents
Separation method of methane from coal bed methane-air mixture and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a separation method of methane from coal bed methane-air mixture and a system thereof. The separation method includes a step of performing a hydration reaction to the coal bed methane-air mixture and collecting methane-rich gas. A hydration reactor for the hydration reaction has a structure that a chamber in the hydration reactor is divided into an inlet section, a throat tube section and a stable section in the flowing direction of a hydrate work fluid, wherein the flow area in the throat tube section is less than that of the inlet section and the stable section. A gas inlet is formed in the side wall corresponding to the throat tube section in the chamber of the hydration reactor. By means of the separation method, a step of compressing and pressurizing the coal bed methane-air mixture when the methane is separated from the coal bed methane-air mixture through a hydrate separation method in the prior art, thereby avoiding risk of explosion during compressing and high-pressure flowing processes of the coal bed methane-air mixture. The method is safe in operation and is excellent in practical industrial application availability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to separation method and the system thereof of methane in a kind of mixed empty coal bed gas, belong to chemical technology field.
Background technology
Coal bed gas (CoalBedMethane, be called for short CBM), also known as coal mine gas or mine gas, results from coalification course, mainly composes with adsorbed state and is stored in coal seam, the unconventional gas resource of main component that to be a kind of with methane be.
At present, the major way of exploiting coal bed methane is ground drilling and down-hole extraction.In the exploitation of ground drilling technology coal bed gas abroad, Application comparison is many, and Chinese Geological situation is complicated, the gas permeability in major part coal seam is poor, by the restriction of technology and geological conditions, in the exploitation of China coal bed gas Application comparison many or down-hole extraction technology.In the coal bed gas adopting direct drilling technology to obtain, methane content is generally greater than 90%, form close with the natural gas of routine, directly can utilize the natural gas pretreating process processing purification of comparative maturity, then pass into gas distributing system after direct liquefaction accumulating or pressurization.The coal bed gas adopting extraction technology in down-hole to obtain generally all can be mixed into air, methane content lower (usual volume fraction is at 30%-80%), the down-hole extraction coal bed gas of seldom part is only had to obtain effective utilization at present, major part is directly entered in air, causes the very large wasting of resources and environmental pollution.
Many researchers have carried out large quantifier elimination to the separation of methane in mixed empty coal bed gas and recovery in recent years, and existing have low-temperature deep partition method, membrane separation process, pressure-variable adsorption partition method and hydrate separation method for separating of the method for methane in mixed empty coal bed gas.But said method but exists different defects, constrain the recovery of methane in mixed empty coal bed gas.
Low-temperature deep isolation technics utilizes the boiling point of each component in coal bed gas different, adopts the mode of cryogenic rectification and liquefaction by each Component seperation.This isolation technics requires to operate at about-150 DEG C, and energy consumption is higher, because containing oxygen in mixed empty coal bed gas, need first to carry out deoxidation, there is the danger of blast; Membrane separation technique realizes through the transfer rate of film is different under certain pressure reduction according to each component of gaseous mixture.But current developed membrane material is to the key component CH in coal bed gas
4and N
2separating effect not good, also there is the danger of blast simultaneously; PSA Technology utilize adsorbent under uniform temperature and pressure to gaseous mixture in the difference of each component adsorption capacity realize.Through the development of decades, pressure-variable adsorption is separated H
2, N
2and O
2worldwide all generally use etc. technology, but also do not use pressure-variable adsorption partition method to be separated the example of the commercial Application of mixed empty coal bed gas at present at home.
The all unrealized industrialized main cause of above-mentioned three kinds of isolation technics is that mixed empty coal bed gas is very easily exploded, and can not ensure the safety of separation process.Hydrate separation method is a kind of isolation technics of separation low boiling mist newly, and principle is the complexity forming hydrate according to gas with various, thus realizes the separation of each component in mist.Existing hydrate separation method can make mixed empty coal bed gas be separated in water saturated environment under carry out, but because the separation of hydrate needs to carry out under pressure, early stage the same danger that there is blast in compression boost process is implemented to mixed empty coal bed gas and be difficult to equally adopt.
Therefore, how to work out a kind of new separation method, realize separation and the utilization of methane in mixed empty coal bed gas, necessary.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is, separation method and the system thereof of methane in a kind of mixed empty coal bed gas are provided, the method does not need existing hydrate separation method to be separated the step that in mixed empty coal bed gas, methane needs boost to mixed empty coal bed gas compression, avoid the danger of mixed empty coal bed gas compression process and the blast of high-pressure flow process, there is handling safety, advantage that practical application in industry feasibility is strong.
The invention provides the separation method of methane in a kind of mixed empty coal bed gas, comprise and make mixed empty coal bed gas generation hydration reaction, and collect the process of methane-rich gas, wherein,
The hydration reactor realizing hydration reaction has following structure: hydration reactor cavity has entrance, trunnion section and stable section along hydrate working solution flow direction, and the circulation area of trunnion section is all less than the circulation area of entrance and stable section, the sidewall that this hydration reactor cavity corresponds to trunnion section offers air inlet;
Described separation method comprises: send into described hydration reactor by hydrate working solution from entrance, mixed empty coal bed gas is communicated with hydration reactor by air inlet, mixed empty coal bed gas to be separated is sucked hydration reactor by the suction utilizing the hydrate working solution flowing through trunnion section to produce, and make the two flowing to mixed in stable section process, hydration reaction occur, generate hydrate slurry and methane lean gas;
Described hydrate slurry and methane lean gas are sent into hydrate separator, described methane lean gas is made to discharge from the top exit of hydrate separator and be collected, by described hydrate slurry through hydrate separator outlet at bottom send into hydrate dissolve device implement dissolve, be separated and collect methane-rich gas, dissolving the hydrate working solution removing gas that for hydration reaction cycle.
The separation method of methane in above-mentioned mixed empty coal bed gas, mainly make use of hydromechanical principle, utilize the flowing of the diverse location of hydrate working solution in hydration reactor and the Changing Pattern of pressure, achieve the process of the suction of mixed empty coal bed gas, certainly boosting and hydration separation.Be in particular in: the entrance of hydrate working solution from hydration reactor is injected, when it arrives the trunnion section of hydration reactor, because actual internal area sharply reduces, thus its flow velocity is increased suddenly, static pressure in hydration reactor is reduced fast, under the effect of pressure differential, mixed empty coal bed gas has been inhaled in hydration reactor and has mixed with hydrate working solution, when mixed empty coal bed gas and hydrate working solution arrive the stable section of hydration reactor, due to the expansion of actual internal area, thus the static pressure of fluid is raised, when the static pressure of fluid is greater than the generation pressure of hydrate, methane in mixed empty coal bed gas and hydrate working solution generation hydration reaction, form hydrate slurry, and aeriferous a part of gas phase obtains enrichment formation methane lean gas in mixed empty coal bed gas.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, temperature when making hydrate working solution enter hydration reactor is 4-15 DEG C, and pressure is 0.6-5.1MPa.It is poor that hydrate working solution under this temperature and pressure is more conducive to flowing through trunnion section mineralization pressure at it, thus be conducive to the stable section that mixed empty coal bed gas is inhaled into gas hydrate reactor, makes it to carry out hydration reaction with hydrate working solution, forms hydrate slurry.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the internal diameter of the pipeline of the entrance of described hydration reactor is 15-50mm, the internal diameter of described trunnion section and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of described entrance are 0.05-0.5, and the diameter of described air inlet and the internal diameter ratio of described trunnion section are 0.2-0.5;
The length of described entrance and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of described entrance are 1-3, and the internal diameter ratio of described trunnion segment length and described trunnion section is 1-2.5, and the length of described stable section and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of described entrance are 3-5.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the operating temperature of described hydrate separator is 4-15 DEG C, and operating pressure is 0.6-5.1MPa.In hydrate separator, control aforesaid operations temperature and operating pressure can make hydrate slurry be separated as much as possible completely with the air in mixed empty coal bed gas, realizes being separated of gas phase and liquid phase.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the operating temperature that described hydrate dissolves device is 8-23 DEG C, and operating pressure is 0.1-2.1MPa.Hydrate dissolve in device control aforesaid operations temperature and pressure can make hydrate slurry as much as possible Completion solution obtain methane-rich gas and remove the hydrate working solution of gas, realize being separated of methane and air in mixed empty coal bed gas.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the pressure before mixed empty coal bed gas to be separated is inhaled into hydration reactor is less than 0.6MPa.
Present invention also offers the system of the separation method realizing methane in above-mentioned mixed empty coal bed gas, described system comprises hydrate working solution storage tank, hydration reactor, hydrate separator, hydrate dissolve device, heater and/or pressure-reducing valve;
Wherein, hydration reactor cavity has entrance, trunnion section and stable section along hydrate working solution flow direction, and the circulation area of trunnion section is all less than the circulation area of entrance and stable section, the sidewall that this hydration reactor cavity corresponds to trunnion section offers air inlet;
Described hydrate working solution storage tank is provided with entrance and exit, and the outlet of described hydrate working solution storage tank is communicated with the entrance of described hydration reactor;
Described hydration reactor stable section is provided with the outlet for discharging hydrate slurry and methane lean gas, and it is communicated with the entrance of described hydrate separator, and the top of described hydrate separator is provided with methane lean gas floss hole, and bottom is provided with hydrate slurry outlet;
The entrance that hydrate slurry outlet and the hydrate of described hydrate separator dissolve device is communicated with, and between the two, being provided with heater and/or pressure-reducing valve, the hydrate working solution outlet removing gas that described hydrate dissolves device is communicated with the entrance of described hydrate working solution storage tank.
In said system, the internal diameter of the pipeline of the entrance of described hydration reactor is 15-50mm, and the internal diameter of described trunnion section and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of described entrance are 0.05-0.5, and the diameter of described air inlet and the internal diameter ratio of described trunnion section are 0.2-0.5;
The length of described entrance and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of described entrance are 1-3, and the internal diameter ratio of described trunnion segment length and described trunnion section is 1-2.5, and the length of described stable section and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of described entrance are 3-5.
The separation method of methane in mixed empty coal bed gas provided by the invention, have employed structually improved hydration reactor, change by circulation area in hydration reactor dexterously and the hydrating condition required for mixed empty coal bed gas (hydration generation pressure) is provided, namely, the Pressure Drop (even reaching parital vacuum) flowing through trunnion section utilizing hydrate working solution and produce will mix after empty coal bed gas sucks hydration reactor, and impel the methane in mixed empty coal bed gas that hydration as far as possible all occurs due to pressure increase and the two abundant mixing under pressure-driven flowing in stable section process, reach the object of separation of methane.Compared to the current technique be separated mixed empty coal bed gas, separation method of the present invention does not need to carry out compression boosting to mixed empty coal bed gas to be separated, not only eliminate the input of compression device, significantly reduce energy consumption, also without the need to extra rabbling mechanism during hydration reaction, and the requirement of operating space and operational sequence is all significantly reduced, achieve the separation of methane in mixed empty coal bed gas, for the industrial applications of this technology provides possibility.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process chart that the present invention is separated methane in mixed empty coal bed gas.
Fig. 2 is the hydration reactor that the present invention is separated in mixed empty coal bed gas in methane system.
Reference numeral:
1-hydrate working solution storage tank; 2-hydration reactor; 3-hydrate separator; 4-hydrate dissolves device; 5-high-pressure pump; 6-cooler; 7-heater; 8-pressure-reducing valve; 9-hydrate working solution; 10-mixes empty coal bed gas;
01-entrance; 02-trunnion section; 03-expanding reach; 04-air inlet.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, be clearly and completely described below to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention mixes the separation method of methane in empty coal bed gas, comprises and makes mixed empty coal bed gas generation hydration reaction, and collect the process of methane-rich gas, wherein,
Realize the hydration reactor of hydration reaction as shown in Figure 2, there is following structure: hydration reactor cavity has entrance 01, trunnion section 02 and stable section 03 along hydrate working solution flow direction, and the circulation area of trunnion section 02 is all less than the circulation area of entrance 01 and stable section 03, the sidewall that this hydration reactor cavity corresponds to trunnion section 02 offers air inlet 04; Wherein, the internal diameter of the pipeline of the entrance 01 of hydration reactor is 15-50mm, and the internal diameter of trunnion section 02 and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of entrance 01 are 0.05-0.5, and the diameter of air inlet 04 and the internal diameter ratio of trunnion section 02 are 0.2-0.5; The length of entrance 01 and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of entrance 01 are 1-3, and the internal diameter ratio of trunnion section 02 length and trunnion section 02 is 1-2.5, and the length of stable section 03 and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of entrance 01 are 3-5.
As shown in Figure 1, the separation method that the present invention mixes methane in empty coal bed gas comprises: by the hydrate working solution 9 in hydrate working solution storage tank 1 after high-pressure pump 5 and cooler 6, send into hydration reactor 2 from entrance 01, temperature when making hydrate working solution 9 enter hydration reaction 2 is 4-15 DEG C, and pressure is 0.6-5.1MPa.Mixed empty coal bed gas 10 is communicated with hydration reactor 2 by air inlet 04, pressure before mixed empty coal bed gas 10 to be separated is inhaled into hydration reactor 2 is less than 0.6MPa, mixed empty coal bed gas 10 to be separated is sucked hydration reactor 2 by the suction utilizing the hydrate working solution 9 flowing through trunnion section 02 to produce, and make the two flowing to mixed in stable section 03 process, hydration reaction occur, generate hydrate slurry and methane lean gas;
Hydrate slurry and methane lean gas are sent into hydrate separator 3, the operating temperature of hydrate separator 3 is 4-15 DEG C, operating pressure is 0.6-5.1Mpa, methane lean gas is made to discharge from the top exit of hydrate separator 3 and be collected, by the outlet at bottom of hydrate slurry through hydrate separator 3, heater via 7 and pressure-reducing valve 8 rear feeding hydrate are dissolved device 4 and are implemented to dissolve, the operating temperature that hydrate dissolves device 4 is 8-23 DEG C, operating pressure is 0.1-2.1Mpa, be separated and collect methane-rich gas, dissolve the hydrate working solution removing gas to return in hydrate working liquid tank 1 for hydration reaction cycle.
In the present invention, the selection of hydrate working solution can be selected according to the height of methane concentration in mixed empty coal bed gas, can be the aqueous solution of TBAB or tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride, can be with the addition of other the chemical substance that can improve hydrate formation speed, whether adding of these materials all affect technical scheme of the present invention with the height of concentration yet.
Embodiment 1
Hydrate working solution is TBAB (english abbreviation: TBAB), and its concentration is 10wt%;
Shown in the table 1 composed as follows of mixed empty coal bed gas:
Table 1 mixes the composition of empty coal bed gas
Composition | CH 4 | Air (O 2、N 2) |
Content, mol% | 37.52 | 62.48 |
Adopt separation as shown in Figure 1 to mix the technological process of methane and the hydration reactor of Fig. 2 in empty coal bed gas, its detailed process please refer to the explanation of above-mentioned separation method, and the technological parameter related to is as follows:
1) pressure of mixed empty coal bed gas is 0.5MPa.
2) temperature when hydrate working solution enters hydration reactor is 8 DEG C, and pressure is 3.0MPa.
3) hydrate working solution through the pressure of the trunnion section of hydration reactor be 0.4MPa.
4) hydrate working solution is 2.5MPa with the fluid of the methanogenesis in mixed empty coal bed gas at the pressure of the stable section of hydration reactor.
5) operating temperature of hydrate separator is 9 DEG C, and operating pressure is 2.4MPa.
6) hydrate dissolves the operating temperature of device is 10 DEG C, and operating pressure is 0.2MPa.
Technological process through Fig. 1 is separated the composition of methane lean gas and the methane-rich gas obtained, as shown in table 2 below:
The composition of table 2 methane-rich gas and methane lean gas
Composition | CH 4 | Air (O 2、N 2) |
The content of methane-rich gas, mol% | 63.782 | 36.281 |
The content of methane lean gas, mol% | 13.751 | 86.249 |
As shown in Table 2, in methane-rich gas, the mole fraction of methane is 63.782mol%, and the rate of recovery of methane reaches 83%, and this result shows: methane in mixed empty coal bed gas can effectively be separated by above-mentioned hydrate separation method.
Last it is noted that above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (8)
1. mix a separation method for methane in empty coal bed gas, it is characterized in that, comprise and make mixed empty coal bed gas generation hydration reaction, and collect the process of methane-rich gas, wherein,
The hydration reactor realizing hydration reaction has following structure: hydration reactor cavity has entrance, trunnion section and stable section along hydrate working solution flow direction, and the circulation area of trunnion section is all less than the circulation area of entrance and stable section, the sidewall that this hydration reactor cavity corresponds to trunnion section offers air inlet;
Described separation method comprises: send into described hydration reactor by hydrate working solution from entrance, mixed empty coal bed gas is communicated with hydration reactor by air inlet, mixed empty coal bed gas to be separated is sucked hydration reactor by the suction utilizing the hydrate working solution flowing through trunnion section to produce, and make the two flowing to mixed in stable section process, hydration reaction occur, generate hydrate slurry and methane lean gas;
Described hydrate slurry and methane lean gas are sent into hydrate separator, described methane lean gas is made to discharge from the top exit of hydrate separator and be collected, by described hydrate slurry through hydrate separator outlet at bottom send into hydrate dissolve device implement dissolve, be separated and collect methane-rich gas, dissolving the hydrate working solution removing gas that for hydration reaction cycle.
2. separation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, temperature when making hydrate working solution enter hydration reactor is 4-15 DEG C, and pressure is 0.6-5.1MPa.
3. separation method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the internal diameter of the pipeline of the entrance of described hydration reactor is 15-50mm, the internal diameter of described trunnion section and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of described entrance are 0.05-0.5, and the diameter of described air inlet and the internal diameter ratio of described trunnion section are 0.2-0.5;
The length of described entrance and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of described entrance are 1-3, and the internal diameter ratio of described trunnion segment length and described trunnion section is 1-2.5, and the length of described stable section and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of described entrance are 3-5.
4. separation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the operating temperature of described hydrate separator is 4-15 DEG C, and operating pressure is 0.6-5.1MPa.
5. separation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the operating temperature that described hydrate dissolves device is 8-23 DEG C, and operating pressure is 0.1-2.1MPa.
6. separation method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the pressure before mixed empty coal bed gas to be separated is inhaled into hydration reactor is less than 0.6MPa.
7. realize the system of the separation method of methane in the mixed empty coal bed gas described in any one of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, described system comprises hydrate working solution storage tank, hydration reactor, hydrate separator, hydrate dissolve device, heater and/or pressure-reducing valve;
Wherein, hydration reactor cavity has entrance, trunnion section and stable section along hydrate working solution flow direction, and the circulation area of trunnion section is all less than the circulation area of entrance and stable section, the sidewall that this hydration reactor cavity corresponds to trunnion section offers air inlet;
Described hydrate working solution storage tank is provided with entrance and exit, and the outlet of described hydrate working solution storage tank is communicated with the entrance of described hydration reactor;
Described hydration reactor stable section is provided with the outlet for discharging hydrate slurry and methane lean gas, and it is communicated with the entrance of described hydrate separator, and the top of described hydrate separator is provided with methane lean gas floss hole, and bottom is provided with hydrate slurry outlet;
The entrance that hydrate slurry outlet and the hydrate of described hydrate separator dissolve device is communicated with, and between the two, being provided with heater and/or pressure-reducing valve, the hydrate working solution outlet removing gas that described hydrate dissolves device is communicated with the entrance of described hydrate working solution storage tank.
8. system according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the internal diameter of the pipeline of the entrance of described hydration reactor is 15-50mm, the internal diameter of described trunnion section and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of described entrance are 0.05-0.5, and the diameter of described air inlet and the internal diameter ratio of described trunnion section are 0.2-0.5;
The length of described entrance and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of described entrance are 1-3, and the internal diameter ratio of described trunnion segment length and described trunnion section is 1-2.5, and the length of described stable section and the internal diameter of the pipeline ratio of described entrance are 3-5.
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CN107349773A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-17 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Low temperature is hydrated separation method and system |
CN109797018A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-24 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of improved method producing biomass synthetic natural gas |
CN111974165A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-11-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and device for removing volatile organic compounds in mixed gas by hydration |
CN111974191A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-11-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and device for removing hydrogen sulfide in mixed gas through hydration |
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CN107349773A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-17 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Low temperature is hydrated separation method and system |
CN107349773B (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2020-11-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Low temperature hydration separation method and system |
CN109797018A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-24 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of improved method producing biomass synthetic natural gas |
CN111974165A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-11-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and device for removing volatile organic compounds in mixed gas by hydration |
CN111974191A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-11-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and device for removing hydrogen sulfide in mixed gas through hydration |
CN114437842A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2022-05-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Gas continuous separation system of hydrate method combined membrane method and disturbance device thereof |
CN114437842B (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2023-01-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Gas continuous separation system of hydrate method combined membrane method and disturbance device thereof |
CN112316859A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Device and method for enhancing generation of gas hydrate |
CN112316859B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-09-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Device and method for enhancing generation of gas hydrate |
CN112604420A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-06 | 湖南科技大学 | Hydrogen sulfide purification device and method for gas extraction of high-sulfur coal seam |
CN112604420B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2023-08-11 | 湖南科技大学 | Hydrogen sulfide purifying device and method for high-sulfur coal seam gas extraction |
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