CN105489392A - Graphene pole piece and preparation method therefor - Google Patents

Graphene pole piece and preparation method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105489392A
CN105489392A CN201510838223.XA CN201510838223A CN105489392A CN 105489392 A CN105489392 A CN 105489392A CN 201510838223 A CN201510838223 A CN 201510838223A CN 105489392 A CN105489392 A CN 105489392A
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graphene
porous graphene
layer
pole piece
porous
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CN105489392B (en
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荣常如
陈书礼
韩金磊
张克金
安宇鹏
魏晓川
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FAW Group Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a graphene pole piece and a preparation method therefor. The graphene pole piece comprises a current collector layer, a graphene conductive layer and a porous graphene layer, wherein the graphene conductive layer is arranged on the surface of the current collector layer; the porous graphene layer is arranged on the surface of the graphene conductive layer; and the porous graphene layer is prepared by steps of aggregating graphene particles into sheet-form films through carbon-based fibers and a binder, rolling the sheet-form films to obtain slices connected in a large-piece manner, and rolling the slices to obtain the porous graphene layer. The graphene pole piece is simple in preparation process, easy to implement the preparation and can apply multiple kinds of chemical or physical power supply systems.

Description

A kind of Graphene pole piece and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to pole piece, be specifically related to a kind of Graphene pole piece and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, common power accumulator has Ni-MH battery, lithium ion battery, ultracapacitor etc.Ultracapacitor is a kind of energy storage device between battery and conventional capacitive, relies on the adsorption and diffusion of ion on bigger serface active material to carry out energy storage, has specific power high, have extended cycle life, high current charge-discharge, environmental friendliness, safety and non-maintaining advantage.Lithium ion battery mainly relies on lithium ion in the embedding of positive and negative pole material and deviates to realize energy storage, and lithium ion is similar to " whirlwind chair " in transmission diffusion process.Lithium ion battery has that specific energy is high, operating voltage is high, self-discharge rate is little, advantages of environment protection.Therefore ultracapacitor and the development prospect of lithium ion battery in high-power, high-octane electrokinetic cell allow people expect especially.
In use need big current, high-power discharge and recharge as the ultracapacitor of electrokinetic cell and lithium ion battery, therefore new requirement is proposed to both chemical property, fail safe and hot property.In order to obtain the battery with large multiplying power charge and discharge characteristic, the internal resistance of cell should be little as far as possible.The internal resistance of cell comprises the polarization resistance that ohmic internal resistance and electrochemical polarization and concentration polarization cause.Battery ohmic internal resistance is made up of the contact resistance of electrode material, electrolyte, membrane electrical resistance and each several part part, relevant with the size, structure, assembling etc. of battery.Polarization resistance is the electrochemical reaction of anode, negative pole, and ion diffuse cause the impedance caused by concentration polarization.Improve battery high rate charge-discharge ability, must reduce as much as possible from the internal resistance caused by above-mentioned three aspects.Battery pole piece also must have the high capacity of heat transmission simultaneously, is derived as early as possible by the heat produced, prevent inside battery local overheating and cause electrolyte decomposition or diaphragm breakup during high current charge-discharge from inside battery.
Graphene is that a class has individual layer or which floor sp of minority 2the lonsdaleite material of hydridization, in sandwich construction, interlayer combines with π key form, and because this electron-like is diracelectron near Fermi's energy, effective mass is zero, and therefore conductivity reaches 10 6s/cm is the material that the electric conductivity of current mankind discovery is the highest.Simultaneously Graphene is the thinnest, material that intensity is maximum known today, has extremely excellent heat conductivility, and the hardness of superelevation and good ductility.Grapheme material owing to having above-mentioned a series of excellent performance, thus makes it have huge potential using value in nano-device, heat conduction, conduction and energy storage field, becomes the focus of recent research.Porous graphene manufactures by the method for physics or chemistry the hole that some have nano-scale in the lamella of Graphene, this structure make porous graphene as the energy, catalysis or sorbing material time, not only there is higher specific area, also have good mass transfer effect simultaneously, given full play to the advantage of two-dimensional nano sheet layer material.
While the distinctive structure of Graphene makes it have excellent performance, bring new impact also to the technique in its application process.As the water-based binder that cleaner production is important, preparing in electrode slurry process with Graphene, can produce and be separated, the pole piece shedding of preparation, fall slag, bring a lot of adverse effect to its application.In order to improve this situation, some surfactants can be added, reducing graphenic surface energy, improve its dispersive property in water, but these auxiliary agents may affect pole piece performance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Graphene pole piece and preparation method thereof, comprise current collector layers, graphene conductive layer, porous graphene layer, adopt porous graphene layer prepared by low solvent or solvent-free method, can porous graphene be realized and carbon based fibers is be combined with each other by binding agent, improve pole piece performance.
As the pole piece of lithium ion battery or ultracapacitor and metal-air cell, generally comprise metal collector layer, active coating, in order to reduce pole piece internal resistance, also having and adhering to conductive layer on a current collector, then apply active layer and make pole piece.Active coating as lithium ion battery is generally make slurry by positive electrode or negative material and conductive agent and binding agent, is coated in collection liquid surface or conductive layer surface obtains; Super-capacitor pole piece also can adopt similar process to obtain active coating, active material can also be mixed by machinery or ultrasonic energy in low/solvent-free situation with conductive agent and binding agent, binding agent, general employing polytetrafluoroethylene forms fiber, with active material together with conductive agent complexing, carbon film is formed, as active layer through roll-in; Metal-air cell electrode can adopt the second way being similar to ultracapacitor, deposits in case at a small amount of solvent, makes film as electrode layer.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of Graphene pole piece, comprises current collector layers, graphene conductive layer, porous graphene layer, and the surface of current collector layers is graphene conductive layer, and graphene conductive layer surface is porous graphene layer; It is characterized in that: porous graphene layer is gathered into laminar film by porous graphene particle by carbon based fibers and binding agent, laminar film is through roll-in, obtain the thin slice that bulk is connected, thin slice is through roll-in, obtain porous graphene layer, the mass percent that described carbon based fibers and binding agent account for porous graphene layer is 0.5 ~ 10%; The mass percent that described porous graphene accounts for porous graphene layer is 90 ~ 97%.
Prepare porous graphene layer step to comprise (as Suo Shi Fig. 1 ~ 8):
(1) carbon based fibers and porous graphene are through mixing, obtain the composition of carbon based fibers and porous graphene; Carbon based fibers and porous graphite ene compositions, through dispersion, obtain the dispersion of carbon based fibers in porous graphene;
(2) binding agent join carbon based fibers with in the dispersion of porous graphene through mixing, obtain the composition of binding agent and carbon based fibers and porous graphene; The composition of binding agent and carbon based fibers and porous graphene, through dispersion, is obtained porous graphene and carbon based fibers and to be combined with each other the laminar film formed by binding agent.
(3) laminar film is through initial roll-in, obtains the thin slice that bulk is connected; Thin slice, through roll-in again, obtains porous graphene layer.
" mixing " and " dispersion " described in the present invention does not represent the restriction to mixing and process for dispersing, but represents the method that can realize inventing that there is at least one and be mentioned to.The mixing of described carbon based fibers in porous graphene and dispersion, can be undertaken by mixer, bidirectional mixer, airslide disintegrating mill and ball mill, mixes and export with equipment low-power, and the slow-speed of revolution is stirred, and low sheraing carries out; Dispersion is with equipment high-power output, and high-speed stirred, high impact forces, high shear is carried out.
Mixing and dispersion process in, solvent can be added, it can be deionized water, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, kerosene, castor oil, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, the use of solvent can improve the degree that is uniformly dispersed of composition, can according to the hole between the porous graphene particle of final porous graphene layer and carbon based fibers particle and binding agent, be conducive to the diffusion transport of electrolyte ion, abundant impregnating porous Graphene, improve effective energy storage of material, with the moulding process of porous graphene layer, and auxiliary agent and consumption are selected in the interaction of the pore structure of porous graphene and specific area and auxiliary agent.Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, take deionized water as solvent, present loose dampness after dispersion, give external force and gently press and can form bulk, carbon based fibers and binding agent and porous graphene are gathered into laminar film.Laminar film is rolled into thin slice, thin slice roll-in, and dry removal water, forms hole.
Mix and in dispersion process, can not solvent be added, the granular gradient of porous graphene can be utilized to distribute, form the diffusion transport passage of electrolyte ion, abundant impregnating porous Graphene, improve effective energy storage of material.The porous graphene content of small particle diameter (2 ~ 10um) is not higher than 10%.Particle small particle diameter can increase the dispersed difficulty of composition on the one hand, can reduce the compacted density of pole piece on the other hand.
Binding agent can be that powdered granule material adds, and also can be that emulsion adds.Add with powder-material in the embodiment of the present invention 1.The mixing of the composition of binding agent and carbon based fibers and porous graphene, dispersion, can be undertaken by mixer, airslide disintegrating mill, ball mill and banbury, and stirring at low speed mixing exports with equipment low-power, and the slow-speed of revolution is stirred, and low sheraing carries out; High-speed stirred dispersion is with equipment high-power output, and high-speed stirred, high impact forces, high shear is carried out.
" initial roll-in " and " again roll-in " described in the present invention does not represent by " lamellar membrane " restriction to " porous graphene layer " former and method, but represents the method that can realize inventing that there is at least one and be mentioned to.Described roll-in can be undertaken by twin rollers, spreader bar, sheet extruder, can heat in nipping process, and heating-up temperature is 40 ~ 320 DEG C, preferably 100 ~ 250 DEG C.Porous graphene layer thickness is 20 ~ 200um.
Described carbon based fibers comprises carbon nano-tube, carbon fiber, carbon nano-fiber; After described porous graphene can be reduced by graphite oxide, obtain through chemical reagent or the activation such as steam, carbon dioxide pore-creating, also can by biomass by after transistion metal compound catalyzing and carbonizing, obtain through chemical reagent or the activation such as steam, carbon dioxide pore-creating, its specific area is 800 ~ 3500m 2/ g, particle diameter 2 ~ 30um; The polymer of described binding agent to be homopolymerization/copolymerization monomer be tetrafluoroethene, comprises polytetrafluoroethylene.
Described graphene conductive layer makes glue by Graphene particle and binding agent, and coating or printing are formed on a current collector.Described Graphene can be reduced by graphite oxide and obtain, can by biomass by transistion metal compound catalyzing and carbonizing, purifiedly to obtain, can by organic gas molecule catalyst action with under vapour deposition obtain, also can be obtained by the mechanical stripping of graphite.Described current collector layers comprises metal forming, wire netting, foam metal.
Described current collector layers comprises metal forming, wire netting, foam metal, and described Graphene pole piece can be used for ultracapacitor, lithium ion battery, metal-air cell, comprises lithium-air battery, magnesium air cell, zinc-air cell, aluminum-air cell, fuel cell.
Good effect of the present invention realizes the storage of electric charge and the diffusion transport of ion with porous graphene layer; Carbon based fibers is except transmission electronic forms conductive path, and improve pole piece intensity together with the fiber also formed with binding agent, fibrous conductive agent and binding agent are conducive to the diffusion transport of electrolyte ion, to the abundant infiltration of porous graphene.Graphene pole piece of the present invention adopts low solvent or solvent-free method, preparation technology is simple, be easy to realize, number of chemical or physical power source system can be applied, comprise lithium-air battery, magnesium air cell, zinc-air cell, aluminum-air cell and fuel cell for the preparation of ultracapacitor, lithium ion battery, metal-air cell.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Graphene pole piece of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the preparation flow schematic diagram of Graphene pole piece of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is porous graphene and the mixed photo of carbon nano-tube of embodiments of the invention 1.
Fig. 4 is that light after the porous graphene of embodiments of the invention 1 and carbon nanotube dispersed presses the photo that lumps.
Fig. 5 is the porous graphene of embodiments of the invention 1, carbon nano-tube and the mixed photo of polytetrafluorethylepowder powder (in figure, white point is polytetrafluorethylepowder powder).
Fig. 6 is the photo (in figure, white point disappears) that the polytetrafluorethylepowder powder of embodiments of the invention 1 disperses in porous graphene and carbon nano-tube.
The photo that Fig. 7 is the porous graphene of embodiments of the invention 1, carbon nano-tube and polytetrafluorethylepowder powder make laminar film.
The photo of the porous graphene layer that Fig. 8 is the porous graphene of embodiments of the invention 1, carbon nano-tube and polytetrafluorethylepowder powder are made.
Fig. 9 is the SEM figure of the porous graphene layer of embodiments of the invention 1.
Figure 10 is the charging and discharging curve of Graphene pole piece for ultracapacitor of embodiments of the invention 1.
Embodiment
Be described Graphene pole piece of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific descriptions of described embodiment just to claim of the present invention, claim includes but not limited to described embodiment content.
Embodiment 1
(1) 3.6g porous graphene (the hexa-atomic element in Changzhou, SE4532, specific area 2202m is taken 2/ g, particle diameter D90 are 10.8um) and 1.2g carbon nano-tube, stirring at low speed mixing 10min, obtains the composition of carbon nano-tube and porous graphene; Add 5g deionized water, high-speed stirred 1h, obtain the dispersion of carbon nano-tube and porous graphene.
(2) take 2.8g polytetrafluoroethylene powder, join in the dispersion of (1), stirring at low speed mixing 5min, the polytetrafluoroethylene powder of white disappears, and obtains the composition of binding agent and carbon nano-tube and porous graphene; High-speed stirred 2h, is obtained porous graphene and carbon nano-tube and to be combined with each other the laminar film formed by polytetrafluoroethylene.
(3) laminar film is through 5 initial roll-ins, obtains the thin slice that bulk is connected; Thin slice, through 5 roll-ins repeatedly, obtains porous graphene layer.
(4) take sodium carboxymethylcellulose, butadiene-styrene rubber, Graphene and deionized water according to 0.5:0.5:1:8 ratio and make glue, be coated on corrosive aluminum foil, leave standstill 5min, porous graphene layer is adhered to, 120 DEG C of dry 5h.
(5) by (4) roll-in, Graphene pole piece is obtained, for ultracapacitor.
Embodiment 2
(1) 4.65g porous graphene (the hexa-atomic element in Changzhou, SE4532, specific area 2202m is taken 2/ g, particle diameter D90 are 10.8um) and 0.15g carbon nano-fiber, stirring at low speed mixing 10min, obtains the composition of porous graphene and carbon nano-fiber; Add 5g deionized water, high-speed stirred 1h, obtain the dispersion of carbon nano-fiber and porous graphene.
(2) take 0.33g ptfe emulsion (60% solid content), join in the dispersion of (1), stirring at low speed mixing 2min, obtains the composition of binding agent and carbon nano-fiber and porous graphene; High-speed stirred 2h, is obtained porous graphene and carbon nano-fiber and to be combined with each other the laminar film formed by polytetrafluoroethylene.
(3) laminar film is through 3 roll-ins, obtains the thin slice that bulk is connected; Thin slice, through 5 roll-ins repeatedly, obtains porous graphene layer.
(4) take Kynoar, Graphene and 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE according to 1:1:8 ratio and make glue, be coated on aluminium foil, leave standstill 5min, porous graphene layer is adhered to, 180 DEG C of dry 10h.
(5) by (4) roll-in, Graphene pole piece is obtained, for lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 3
(1) 4g porous graphene (the hexa-atomic element in Changzhou, SE4532, specific area 2202m is taken 2/ g, particle diameter D90 are 10.8um) and 0.5g carbon fiber, stirring at low speed mixing 10min, obtains the composition of porous graphene and carbon fiber; High-speed stirred 1h, obtains the dispersion of carbon fiber and porous graphene.
(2) take 0.5g polytetrafluoroethylene powder, join in the dispersion of (1), stirring at low speed mixing 5min, the polytetrafluoroethylene powder of white disappears, and obtains the composition of binding agent and carbon fiber and porous graphene; High-speed stirred 2h, is obtained porous graphene and carbon fiber and to be combined with each other the laminar film formed by polytetrafluoroethylene.
(3) laminar film is through 10 initial roll-ins, obtains the thin slice that bulk is connected; Thin slice, through 5 roll-ins repeatedly, obtains porous graphene layer.
(4) take sodium carboxymethylcellulose, butadiene-styrene rubber, Graphene and deionized water according to 0.5:0.5:1:8 ratio and make glue, be coated in nickel foam, leave standstill 5min, 100 DEG C of dry 3h, obtain nickel foam collector.
(5) pole piece is made in porous graphene layer and catalyst layer and the roll-in of nickel foam collector, and dry, cut-parts, make zinc-air cell electrode.

Claims (5)

1. a Graphene pole piece, comprise current collector layers, graphene conductive layer, porous graphene layer, the surface of current collector layers is graphene conductive layer, graphene conductive layer surface is porous graphene layer, and it is characterized in that, porous graphene layer is gathered into laminar film by porous graphene particle by carbon based fibers and binding agent, laminar film is through roll-in, obtain the thin slice that bulk is connected, thin slice, through roll-in, obtains porous graphene layer; The mass percent that described carbon based fibers and binding agent account for porous graphene layer is 0.5 ~ 10%; The mass percent that porous graphene in described porous graphene layer accounts for porous graphene layer is 90 ~ 97%.
2. a kind of Graphene pole piece according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that described carbon based fibers comprises carbon nano-tube, carbon fiber, carbon nano-fiber.
3. a kind of Graphene pole piece according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that the porous graphene specific area in described porous graphene layer is 800 ~ 3500m 2/ g, particle diameter 2 ~ 30um.
4. a kind of Graphene pole piece according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that described binding agent to be homopolymerization/copolymerization monomer is the polymer of tetrafluoroethene, comprise polytetrafluoroethylene.
5. a kind of Graphene pole piece according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that described graphene conductive layer makes glue by Graphene particle and binding agent, and coating or printing are formed on a current collector.
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CN105788879A (en) * 2016-04-27 2016-07-20 东华大学 Graphene film and continuous preparation method thereof
CN106158429A (en) * 2016-08-24 2016-11-23 刘爽 The method manufacturing graphene-based ultracapacitor
CN108365224A (en) * 2018-02-13 2018-08-03 青海百能汇通新能源科技有限公司 The preparation method of pole plate and pole plate
CN108470635A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-08-31 宁波中车新能源科技有限公司 A kind of low internal resistance, high power graphene super capacitor electrode slice and preparation method thereof
CN108963188A (en) * 2018-09-17 2018-12-07 深圳市心版图科技有限公司 A kind of cathode of lithium battery and preparation method thereof and lithium battery
CN109935785A (en) * 2017-12-15 2019-06-25 东莞市凯金新能源科技股份有限公司 A kind of production method of fast charge graphite cathode piece
CN111525114A (en) * 2020-05-09 2020-08-11 四川聚创石墨烯科技有限公司 Method for continuously preparing current collector-free silicon-carbon negative electrode paper
CN112863900A (en) * 2021-01-04 2021-05-28 西安交通大学 Porous graphene electrode for supercapacitor and preparation method thereof
JP2021120954A (en) * 2016-06-30 2021-08-19 南通沃▲徳▼材料科技有限公司Nantong Volta Materials Ltd. Method of preparing battery electrode plate

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CN105788879A (en) * 2016-04-27 2016-07-20 东华大学 Graphene film and continuous preparation method thereof
JP2021120954A (en) * 2016-06-30 2021-08-19 南通沃▲徳▼材料科技有限公司Nantong Volta Materials Ltd. Method of preparing battery electrode plate
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CN106158429A (en) * 2016-08-24 2016-11-23 刘爽 The method manufacturing graphene-based ultracapacitor
CN109935785A (en) * 2017-12-15 2019-06-25 东莞市凯金新能源科技股份有限公司 A kind of production method of fast charge graphite cathode piece
CN108470635A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-08-31 宁波中车新能源科技有限公司 A kind of low internal resistance, high power graphene super capacitor electrode slice and preparation method thereof
WO2019153907A1 (en) * 2018-02-07 2019-08-15 宁波中车新能源科技有限公司 Low internal resistance and high power graphene supercapacitor electrode sheet and preparation method therefor
CN108365224A (en) * 2018-02-13 2018-08-03 青海百能汇通新能源科技有限公司 The preparation method of pole plate and pole plate
CN108963188A (en) * 2018-09-17 2018-12-07 深圳市心版图科技有限公司 A kind of cathode of lithium battery and preparation method thereof and lithium battery
CN111525114A (en) * 2020-05-09 2020-08-11 四川聚创石墨烯科技有限公司 Method for continuously preparing current collector-free silicon-carbon negative electrode paper
CN112863900A (en) * 2021-01-04 2021-05-28 西安交通大学 Porous graphene electrode for supercapacitor and preparation method thereof
CN112863900B (en) * 2021-01-04 2021-12-28 西安交通大学 Porous graphene electrode for supercapacitor and preparation method thereof

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