CN105485297B - It is a kind of can automatic locking differential mechanism - Google Patents
It is a kind of can automatic locking differential mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN105485297B CN105485297B CN201510900992.8A CN201510900992A CN105485297B CN 105485297 B CN105485297 B CN 105485297B CN 201510900992 A CN201510900992 A CN 201510900992A CN 105485297 B CN105485297 B CN 105485297B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
- F16H48/22—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using friction clutches or brakes
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Abstract
The invention discloses it is a kind of can automatic locking differential mechanism, including open differential mechanism, central locking shaft (1), lockable mechanism, moment of torsion reaction mechanism and controling power pre-add mechanism；Central locking shaft (1) is connected that there is provided impetus during locking by spline with one end of lockable mechanism inner casing (3)；Controling power pre-add mechanism is used to apply pre-add controling power, and moment of torsion reaction mechanism is used in response to the moment of torsion on the pre-add controling power and output shaft, and then starts or stop the lockable mechanism.High friction mechanism is not used alone and carries out locking control by the present invention, does not have energy loss during differential.Using Electronic Control, the method for mechanical response, make that control is more intelligent, it is rapider to respond, and need torque value during locking in real time to be adjusted by electronic equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind can self-locking center differential, specifically a kind of Electronic Control, mechanical response utilize friction
Reach the center differential of Hard link locking.
Background technology
The species of center differential mainly has common open center differential, multiplate clutch formula center differential, support
Gloomy formula center differential, viscous coupling formula center differential.
General expression center differential just (open differential) be exactly use common symmetric conical gear structure, can
With the differential mechanism of the normal work in automobile turning, any locking system is not provided with its planetary gearsets.If one four
Three open type differentials after in driving before being equipped with, then if one of wheel slip, then the whole of this car is moved
Power can be all wasted on this wheel, and the power that its excess-three wheel can not then be arrived.In offroad vehicle field, open type differential
The getting rid of poverty property of non-paved road can be influenceed.
Multiplate clutch formula differential mechanism produces differential torque by multi-disc wet clutch.Being used as in good time four this system more
The center differential of drive system is used.There are two groups of frictional disks inside it, one group is driving disc spacing pressing, and one group is clutch plate.Driving disc spacing pressing with
Front axle is connected, and clutch plate is connected with rear axle.Two groups of discs are soaked in special oil, and the combination and separation of the two rely on Department of Electronics
System control.
In straight-line travelling, the rotating speed of its antero posterior axis is identical, does not have speed discrepancy between driving disc spacing pressing and clutch plate, now disc
Separation, vehicle is substantially at forerunner or rear-guard state, can reach the purpose for saving fuel oil.During turning, antero posterior axis occurs
Speed discrepancy is also produced between speed discrepancy, driving and driven disc.But because speed discrepancy is not reaching to the default requirement of electronic system, because
And two groups of discs are still in released state, now Vehicular turn is unaffected.
When the speed discrepancy of antero posterior axis exceedes certain limit, such as front-wheel starts to skid, and electric-control system can control hydraulic mechanism
Multiplate clutch is compressed, now driving disc spacing pressing takes place with clutch plate and contacted, the combination of similar clutch, moment of torsion is from actively
Disk is delivered on clutch plate to realize 4 wheel driven.On-condition and the bias ratio example of multi-disc friction type limited-slip differential are by electricity
Subsystem controls, reaction speed is fast, and part vehicle is also equipped with " LOCK " function of controlling manually, i.e., driving and driven disc can be kept
Full-time bonding state, 4 wheel driven lockup state of the function close to professional offroad vehicle.But friction plate can only at most transmit 50% moment of torsion
To trailing wheel, and during the use meeting of high intensity, friction plate is overheated and failed.
The core of Torsen center differential (Torsen differential) is worm gear, endless screw transmission agent, such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show.Exactly their intermeshing interlocking and moment of torsion are uniaxially sent to the constitution realization of gear on worm differential mechanism from worm gear
Latch functions, this feature limits slip.When in bend normally travel, the effect of forward and backward differential mechanism is conventional carrier,
Gear on worm does not influence the difference of output shaft output speed, when such as car is turned left, and right side wheels are faster than differential mechanism, and left side speed
Low, speed different worm gear in left and right can closely match synchromesh gear.Now worm and gear does not have locking, because turning round
Square is from worm gear to gear on worm.And when single wheel skids, worm and gear component plays a role, by torsional differential gear or
Hydraulic type multiple disk clutch, extremely rapidly adjust automatically power distribution.
The operation principle of viscous coupling, is somewhat similarly to multiplate clutch.Many inner panels are housed on input shaft, are inserted in
Export among many outside plates in shaft housing, and be filled with highly viscous silicone oil, as shown in Figure 3.On input shaft and front-mounted engine
Purpose variable speed transfer device be connected, output shaft is connected with rear driving axle.In normally travel, front and back wheel does not have speed discrepancy, viscosity
Shaft coupling does not work, and power is not assigned to trailing wheel, and automobile is still equivalent to a front-wheel-drive cars.
When larger speed discrepancy occurs in automobile front and back wheel.Silicone oil between the inside and outside plate of viscous coupling is agitated
Start expanded by heating, produce great viscous drag, prevent the relative motion between inner and outer plates, generate larger moment of torsion.So,
Power is automatically just sent to trailing wheel, automobile is transformed into all-wheel drive vehicle.
The danger of locking center differential (time sharing)
Four-wheel drive vehicle can be inclined to when locking center differential is in time sharing state in dry pavement driving vehicle
In straight trip, because left and right wheelses are now respectively provided with big adhesive force, so that left and right wheelses traveling distance difference production during turning
Raw speed discrepancy, by the differential mechanism on front-rear axle by the incoming front and rear power transmission shaft of this speed discrepancy, now front and rear power transmission shaft is not because having
Center differential falls the neutralizing of this speed discrepancy, and limiting wheel with ground rotation, is turned to difficulty, such as by this poor power so as to cause
Easily cause overturning when speed is too fast.And on wet-skid road surface, discharge this speed discrepancy power because wheel can be slided on ground
Fall, be just not in turn to difficulty.So time sharing is only suitable for making on the road surfaces such as the small sand ground of adhesive force, snowfield or mud ground
With such as being used on dry pavement, straight-line travelling can only be carried out.
The problem of before and after locking after differential mechanism
Danger of the time sharing on highway is mentioned above, if our further lockings under time sharing state
The differential mechanism of front-rear axle, then vehicle realizes that steering is hardly possible on highway.The front-rear axle differential in normal driving process
The unexpected locking of device, will easily cause overturning for vehicle.
Damage of the locking differential to four-wheel drive system
After locking center differential and front-rear axle differential mechanism, the power of engine is likely to concentrate from the wheel of skidding
To still cohesive wheel, still, the design of vehicle transmission system is to allow the moment of torsion of engine to divide equally to four wheels, if only
First, two wheels have adhesive force, and the moment of torsion that they are obtained will likely exceed the scope that power train can bear.For example, one
It is linked into the offroad vehicle of time sharing and locking front-rear axle differential mechanism, three wheels and loses adhesive force because of the miriness on ground, that
At this moment the power of engine 100% is just added on that root output shaft of adhesive force wheel, if adhesive force and vehicle traveling
When resistance is all very big, the huge torsion of engine will be enough to twist off the related output shaft of this wheel.So using differential mechanism
During lock, the control to vehicle will become extremely important.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above, the invention provides it is a kind of can automatic locking center differential.
The present invention is adopted the technical scheme that：
It is a kind of can automatic locking differential mechanism, including open differential mechanism, central locking shaft (1), lockable mechanism, moment of torsion
Reaction mechanism and controling power pre-add mechanism；Central locking shaft (1) is a cross axle structure, the vertical axes of cross axle with it is open
The planetary gear of differential mechanism is connected by bearing, and the trunnion axis of cross axle and the left and right gear of open type differential are connected by bearing
Connect, the overall opposing open formula differential mechanism of central locking shaft (1) is non-rotatable, and central locking shaft (1) passes through spline and lockable mechanism
There is provided impetus during locking for one end connection of inner casing (3)；Controling power pre-add mechanism is used to apply pre-add controling power, and moment of torsion is anti-
Answer mechanism to be used in response to the moment of torsion on the pre-add controling power and output shaft, and then start or stop the lockable mechanism.
It is described can automatic locking differential mechanism, the lockable mechanism includes lockable mechanism shell (2), lockable mechanism inner casing
(3), the first swing arm (5), the second swing arm (23), brake pad (4), swing arm propelling spring (21), swing arm return spring (19), inclined-plane
Body (22), wedge (6)；Lockable mechanism shell (2) is fixedly connected with the left and right gear of open type differential, can be followed out
The left and right gear for putting formula differential mechanism is rotated together, and moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell (9) and lockable mechanism shell (2) are bolted
Link together, power can be delivered to defeated by lockable mechanism shell (2), moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell (9), thrust axis (15)
Shaft (10).
It is described can automatic locking differential mechanism, the first swing arm (5), the second swing arm (23) are coaxially mounted in lockable mechanism
On the internal central shaft (7) of shell (3), the first swing arm (5), the second swing arm (23) are mutually perpendicular under normal circumstances, form four pendulum
Arm, four quadrant spaces between four swing arms are respectively mounted two pairs of swing arm propelling springs (21) and two pairs of swing arms return spring
(19), one end of swing arm propelling spring (21) is fixed in swing arm, and the other end is abutted against on the inclined-plane of clinohedral (22), and swing arm is returned
One end of spring (19) is returned to be fixed on spring dead plate (18), the other end is fixed in swing arm.
It is described can automatic locking differential mechanism, the brake pad (4) is four, and four brake pads (4) are hinged on first
Swing arm (5), the two ends of the second swing arm (23), and be arranged in the space on lockable mechanism shell (2) and wedge (6) top；Four
Brake pad is set to return spring (20) between individual brake pad and the first swing arm (5), the second swing arm (23).
It is described can automatic locking differential mechanism, lockable mechanism inner casing (3) is provided circumferentially about with the wedge (6) position
It is corresponding to accommodate the cavity of wedge (6) and brake pad (4)；Wedge (6) section is gradually thickening, itself and brake pad (4)
Between form wedge mechanism.
It is described can automatic locking differential mechanism, four wedges (6) two-by-two one group be distributed in disk diameter two ends, two
Angle is 10-30 ° between group.
It is described can automatic locking differential mechanism, moment of torsion reaction mechanism includes moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8), moment of torsion and reacts
Mechanism shell (9), thrust axis (15), the moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) are discoid, are consolidated apart from disk border certain distance
Fixed four wedges (6)；On the disk, circumference radially inside fixes two clinohedrals (22) where wedge (6)；Tiltedly
The free end of face body (22) sets two symmetrical inclined-planes (22A), inclined-plane (22B), and two inclined-planes (22A), inclined-plane (22B) are abutted
One end of swing arm propelling spring (21) between the first swing arm (5), the second swing arm (23), swing arm propelling spring (21) other end
It is fixed on the first swing arm (5), in the second swing arm (23)；
It is described can automatic locking differential mechanism, pass through thrust between moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) and thrust axis (15)
Bearing is connected, and moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) is fixed on the internal thrust of thrust axis (15) by pallet arm-tie (13) by bolt
On bearing, moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) and thrust axis (15) can do circumferencial direction relative motion.
It is described can automatic locking differential mechanism, some thrust axis guide rail (16) array distributions react machine in moment of torsion
On structure shell (9) inner peripheral surface, it is by one section with the rectilinear orbit of moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell (9) main axis parallel and being in the shape of the letter V
Special-shaped track be formed by connecting, exist with one-to-one thrust axis guide pillar (17) array distribution of the thrust axis guide rail (16)
On thrust axis (15) circumference, thrust axis guide pillar (17) coordinates with thrust axis guide rail (16), and is limited at thrust axis guiding
In the special-shaped track of the V-shaped of track (16), when moment of torsion is smaller on output shaft (10), pre-add controling power passes through thrust axis guide pillar
(17) when the moment of torsion produced is relatively large, thrust axis guide pillar (17) and thrust axis (15) opposing torque reaction mechanism shell (9) axle
To motion, moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) is promoted inwardly to move；Opposite, when moment of torsion is larger on output shaft (10), pre-add is controlled
The moment of torsion relatively hour that power is produced by thrust axis guide pillar (17), thrust axis guide pillar (17) and thrust axis (15) opposing torque are anti-
Answer mechanism shell (9) to be axially moved, pull moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) to move out.
It is described can automatic locking differential mechanism, lockable mechanism inner casing (3) linked with central locking shaft (1) by spline,
Moment of torsion reaction mechanism directly participates in the action of lockable mechanism；The thrust axis (15) of moment of torsion reaction mechanism passes through one with output shaft (10)
The spline link with ball is planted, axially be can be movable relatively between output shaft (10) and thrust axis (15), and circumferencial direction can not phase
To motion, when moment of torsion is smaller on output shaft (10), thrust axis (15) starts opposing torque reaction mechanism shell (9) and makees axially fortune
It is dynamic, promote moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) inwardly to move, promote wedge (6), wedge (6) insertion brake pad (4) bottom
Space, because wedge (6) section is gradually thickening, therefore it forms wedge mechanism between brake pad (4), afterwards clinohedral
(22) two inclined-planes (22A, 22B) promote the swing arm propelling spring (21) between two swing arms (5,23), and then promote first
Swing arm (5), the second swing arm (23) rotation, swing arm end promotes four brake pads (4), it is squeezed into wedge mechanism, in such as Fig. 3
In shown structure, lockable mechanism shell (2) with respect to lockable mechanism inner casing (3) rotate counterclockwise when, the first swing arm (5) and and its
The wedge mechanism of connection plays locking effect, produces frictional force that hinder inside and outside shell relative motion, larger, makes output shaft (10)
With central locking shaft (1) locking；When lockable mechanism shell (2) turns clockwise with respect to lockable mechanism inner casing (3), the second swing arm
(23) and connected wedge mechanism plays locking effect, produce and hinder inside and outside shell relative motion, larger frictional force,
Make output shaft (10) and central locking shaft (1) locking, form Hard link, power directly passes on output shaft；And when output shaft (10)
Upper moment of torsion becomes big again, and moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) can be moved out, and extracts sphenoid (6) out, wedge mechanism is failed, and locks
The first swing arm, the second swing arm return the effect that spring (19), brake pad return spring (20) in brake pad in swing arm in locking mechanism
Under return to initial position, differential mechanism also returns to open state, and central differential gear recovers normal operating conditions, so that differential
Functional rehabilitation, power reaches output shaft by lockable mechanism shell (2), moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell (9), thrust axis (15).
The present invention has advantage compared with prior art：
1st, high friction mechanism is not used alone and carries out locking control by the present invention, does not have energy loss during differential, saves
Energy emission reduction, is difficult overheat.
2nd, the present invention using Electronic Control, the method for mechanical response, make control it is more intelligent, respond it is rapider, and need
Torque value during locking can have electronic equipment to be adjusted in real time.Installing the vehicle of this device has preferably suitable by property and road
Ying Xing.
3rd, torsional differential gear is less than to technological requirement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 be the surface A of thrust axis 15 to 360 ° of expanded views；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 section B-B view；
Fig. 4 is Fig. 1 C-C section views；
Fig. 5 is Fig. 3 D-D section views；
Fig. 6 is Fig. 3 E-E section views；
Fig. 7 is Fig. 6 F direction views；
Fig. 8 is Fig. 6 G direction views；
Fig. 9 is the stress diagram of thrust axis guide pillar 17；
1 central locking shaft；2 lockable mechanism shells；3 lockable mechanism inner casings；4 brake pads；5 first swing arms；6 wedges；In 7
Heart axle；8 moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallets；9 moment of torsion reaction mechanism shells；10 output shafts；11 controling power pre-add push pedals；12 centers shaft end
Baffle plate；13 pallet arm-ties；14 balls；15 thrust axis；16 thrust axis guide rails；17 thrust axis guide pillars；18 spring dead plates；
19 swing arms return spring；20 brake pads return spring；21 swing arm propelling springs；22 clinohedrals；23 second swing arms, 24 planet teeth
Wheel, 25 right gears；
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
With reference to Fig. 1, it is a kind of can automatic locking differential mechanism, including open differential mechanism, central locking shaft 1, locking machine
Structure, moment of torsion reaction mechanism and controling power pre-add mechanism.Open differential mechanism is common open type differential, central locking shaft
1 is a cross axle structure, and the vertical axes of cross axle and the planetary gear of open type differential are connected by bearing, cross axle
The left and right gear of trunnion axis and open type differential is connected by bearing, and the central overall opposing open formula differential mechanism of locking shaft 1 is not
Rotatable (in normal driving process, central locking shaft follows differential pinion gear to be rotated around trunnion axis), central locking shaft 1 is led to
Cross spline and be connected that there is provided impetus during locking with one end of lockable mechanism inner casing 3；Controling power pre-add mechanism can be by any
The device that certain pressure can be provided applies, and moment of torsion reaction mechanism is used in response to the torsion on the pre-add controling power and output shaft
Square, and then start or stop the lockable mechanism.
The lockable mechanism includes lockable mechanism shell 2, lockable mechanism inner casing 3, the first swing arm 5, the second swing arm 23, friction
Block 4, swing arm propelling spring 21, swing arm return spring 19, clinohedral 22, wedge 6；Lockable mechanism shell 2 and open differential
The left and right gear of device is fixedly connected, and the left and right gear of open type differential can be followed to rotate together, moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell 9
Together with being bolted to connection with lockable mechanism shell 2, power can pass through lockable mechanism shell 2, moment of torsion reaction mechanism
Shell 9, thrust axis 15 are delivered to output shaft 10.
First swing arm 5, the second swing arm 23 are coaxially mounted on the central shaft 7 inside lockable mechanism inner casing 3, the first swing arm 5,
Second swing arm 23 is mutually perpendicular under normal circumstances, forms four swing arms, four quadrant spaces between four swing arms are respectively mounted
Two pairs of swing arm propelling springs 21 and two pairs of swing arms return spring 19, and one end of swing arm propelling spring 21 is fixed in swing arm, another
End is abutted against on the inclined-plane of clinohedral 22, and one end that swing arm returns spring 19 is fixed on spring dead plate 18, and the other end is fixed on
In swing arm.
The brake pad 4 is four, and four brake pads 4 are hinged on the first swing arm 5, the two ends of the second swing arm 23, and set
In the space on lockable mechanism shell 2 and the top of wedge 6；Set between four brake pads and the first swing arm 5, the second swing arm 23
Brake pad returns spring 20；
Lockable mechanism inner casing 3 is provided circumferentially about corresponding with the above-mentioned position of wedge 6 can to accommodate wedge 6 and brake pad
4 cavity；The section of wedge 6 is gradually thickening, and it forms wedge mechanism between brake pad 4.
Four wedges 6 two-by-two one group be distributed in disk diameter two ends, angle is 10-30 ° between two groups.
Moment of torsion reaction mechanism includes moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet 8, moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell 9, thrust axis 15, the moment of torsion
Reaction mechanism pallet 8 is discoid, and four wedges 6 are fixed apart from disk border certain distance；On the disk, wedge 6
Place circumference radially inside fixes two clinohedrals 22；The free end of clinohedral 22 sets two symmetrical inclined-plane 22A, oblique
Face 22B, two inclined-plane 22A, inclined-plane 22B abut against one of the swing arm propelling spring 21 between the first swing arm 5, the second swing arm 23
End, the other end of swing arm propelling spring 21 is fixed on the first swing arm 5, in the second swing arm 23；
Connected between moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet 8 and thrust axis 15 by thrust bearing, pallet arm-tie 13 will by bolt
Moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet 8 is fixed on the thrust bearing inside thrust axis 15, and moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet 8 and thrust axis 15 can
Do circumferencial direction relative motion.
Some array distributions of thrust axis guide rail 16 are on the inner peripheral surface of moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell 9, and it is by one section
It is formed by connecting with the rectilinear orbit of the main axis parallel of moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell 9 and the special-shaped track being in the shape of the letter V, with above-mentioned thrust axis
The one-to-one array distribution of thrust axis guide pillar 17 of guide rail 16 is on the circumference of thrust axis 15, thrust axis guide pillar 17 and thrust axis
Guide rail 16 coordinates, and be limited in the special-shaped track of the V-shaped of thrust axis guide rail 16 (rectilinear orbit merely to
Facilitate the assembling of thrust axis guide pillar 17 and thrust axis guide rail 16, due to the position-limiting action of controling power pre-add push pedal 11, thrust
Spindle guide post 17 will not enter in rectilinear orbit), with reference to Fig. 9, pre-add controling power is applied in controling power pre-add push pedal 11, the pre-add
The active force that controling power is produced on thrust axis guide pillar 17 is F2, and the moment of torsion of output shaft 10 is in the work produced on thrust axis guide pillar 17
It is firmly F1, both make a concerted effort to be F, and F and V-shaped track angle are α, and when moment of torsion is smaller on output shaft 10, pre-add controling power passes through
When the moment of torsion that thrust axis guide pillar 17 is produced is relatively large, F is more than 90 ° with V-shaped track angle α with joint efforts, under the effects of F with joint efforts,
Thrust axis guide pillar 17 and the opposing torque reaction mechanism shell 9 of thrust axis 15 promote moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet 8 inside to left movement
Motion；Opposite, when moment of torsion is larger on output shaft 10, the moment of torsion that pre-add controling power is produced by thrust axis guide pillar 17 is relatively small
When, and F is less than 90 ° with V-shaped track angle α with joint efforts, and under the effects of F with joint efforts, thrust axis guide pillar 17 and the relative torsion of thrust axis 15
Square reaction mechanism shell 9 is moved right, and pulls moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet 8 to move out.
Pre-add controling power can be by the Nonlinear Numerical of routine test acquisition.The pre-add controling power of the present invention can lead to
Cross any device that certain pressure can be provided to be applied in controling power pre-add push pedal 11, pre-add controling power of the invention is according to row
Sail speed, condition of road surface, driver's preset mode, driver operation be intended to judgements, running gradient, driver force intervention etc. because
Element, binding tests data are controlled by ECU, can be adjusted in real time.
Lockable mechanism inner casing 3 is linked with central locking shaft 1 by spline, and moment of torsion reaction mechanism directly participates in lockable mechanism
Action.The thrust axis 15 of moment of torsion reaction mechanism is linked with output shaft 10 by a kind of spline with ball, output shaft 10 and thrust
Axially can be movable relatively between axle 15, and circumferencial direction not can be movable relatively, under normally travel state, on output shaft 10 moment of torsion compared with
Greatly, F is less than 90 ° with V-shaped track angle α with joint efforts, and now open type differential is normally acted on, and power is smooth according to above-mentioned path
Transmit to output shaft；When moment of torsion is smaller (such as tire is hanging, skid) on output shaft 10, thrust axis 15 starts opposing torque reaction
Mechanism shell 9 is axially moved, and promotes the inwardly motion of moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet 8, promotes wedge 6, the insertion friction of wedge 6
The space of the bottom of block 4, with reference to Fig. 3, because the section of wedge 6 is gradually thickening (at the second swing arm 23 and its position of brake pad 4
Wedge 6 be thickening along clockwise direction, the wedge 6 at the first swing arm 5 and its brake pad position is along counterclockwise
Direction is thickening), therefore it forms wedge mechanism between brake pad 4, afterwards the two of clinohedral 22 inclined-plane (inclined-plane 22A, inclined-plane
The swing arm propelling spring 21 between two swing arms 5,23 22B) is promoted, and then promotes the first swing arm 5, the second swing arm 23 to rotate, is put
Arm end promotes four brake pads 4, it is squeezed into wedge mechanism, in structure as shown in Figure 3, lockable mechanism shell 2 is relative
During lockable mechanism 3 rotate counterclockwise of inner casing, the first swing arm 5 and connected wedge mechanism play locking effect, produce resistance
Hinder inside and outside shell relative motion, larger frictional force, make output shaft 10 and the central locking of locking shaft 1；Lockable mechanism shell 2 is relative
When lockable mechanism inner casing 3 turns clockwise, the second swing arm 23 and connected wedge mechanism play locking effect, produce resistance
Hinder inside and outside shell relative motion, larger frictional force, make output shaft 10 and the central locking of locking shaft 1, form Hard link, power is straight
Connect reception and registration output shaft.
And work as moment of torsion on output shaft 10 and become (such as tire lands, no longer skidded) greatly again, the meeting of moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet 8
Move out, extracting sphenoid 6 out, (sphenoid surface is smooth, and brake pad inner surface is smooth, outside brake pad outer surface and lockable mechanism
Shell inner surface is coarse, with friction locking effect), wedge mechanism is failed, the first swing arm, the second swing arm exist in lockable mechanism
Swing arm returns spring 19, brake pad and returns to initial position in the presence of brake pad returns spring 20, and differential mechanism is also returned to out
State is put, central differential gear recovers normal operating conditions, so that differential function recovers, power passes through lockable mechanism shell
2nd, moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell 9, thrust axis 15 reach output shaft.
The thrust axis 15 of the present invention can change often with respect to the position of differential casing, but be due to the work of ball spline
With the position of output shaft can be made to keep constant, and moment of torsion can be transmitted.
The present invention can be used as the center differential and forward and backward bridge differential mechanism of vehicle, vehicle is played in normally travel
Normal differential action, and without additional frictional force or energy loss.When vehicle tyre is starting to skid (road surface and tire
Frictional force is less than preset value, and less relatively rotate occurs for tire and ground) when, differential mechanism locking, another output at once
The power output of axle is unaffected.The cross-country of vehicle is set to be obviously improved by property and in the stationarity that wet-skid road surface is travelled,
And the energy loss almost do not added.
It should be appreciated that for those of ordinary skills, can according to the above description be improved or converted,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. it is a kind of can automatic locking differential mechanism, it is characterised in that including open differential mechanism, central locking shaft (1), locking
Mechanism, moment of torsion reaction mechanism and controling power pre-add mechanism；Central locking shaft (1) is a cross axle structure, cross axle it is vertical
The planetary gear of axle and open type differential is connected by bearing, the trunnion axis of cross axle and the left and right gear of open type differential
Connected by bearing, the overall opposing open formula differential mechanism of central locking shaft (1) is non-rotatable, and central locking shaft (1) passes through spline
It is connected that there is provided impetus during locking with one end of lockable mechanism inner casing (3)；Controling power pre-add mechanism is used to apply pre-add control
Power, moment of torsion reaction mechanism is used in response to the moment of torsion on the pre-add controling power and output shaft, and then starts or stop and be described
Lockable mechanism；The lockable mechanism includes lockable mechanism shell (2), lockable mechanism inner casing (3), the first swing arm (5), the second swing arm
(23), brake pad (4), swing arm propelling spring (21), swing arm return spring (19), clinohedral (22), wedge (6)；Locking machine
Structure shell (2) is fixedly connected with the left and right gear of open type differential, can follow the left and right gear of open type differential together
Rotate, moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell (9) and lockable mechanism shell (2) are bolted to connection together, and power can pass through
Lockable mechanism shell (2), moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell (9), thrust axis (15) are delivered to output shaft (10)；Moment of torsion reaction mechanism bag
Include moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8), moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell (9), thrust axis (15), the moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8)
To be discoid, four wedges (6) are fixed apart from disk border certain distance；On the disk, circumference where wedge (6)
Radially inside fix two clinohedrals (22)；The free end of clinohedral (22) sets two symmetrical inclined-planes (22A, 22B), two
Individual inclined-plane (22A, 22B) abuts against one end of the swing arm propelling spring (21) between the first swing arm (5), the second swing arm (23), pendulum
Arm propelling spring (21) other end is fixed on the first swing arm (5), in the second swing arm (23).
2. it is according to claim 1 can automatic locking differential mechanism, it is characterised in that the first swing arm (5), the second swing arm
(23) it is coaxially mounted on the internal central shaft (7) of lockable mechanism inner casing (3), the first swing arm (5), the positive reason of the second swing arm (23)
It is mutually perpendicular under condition, forms four swing arms, four quadrant spaces between four swing arms are respectively mounted two pairs of swing arm propelling springs
(21) and two pairs of swing arms return springs (19), one end of swing arm propelling spring (21) is fixed in swing arm, and the other end is abutted against tiltedly
On the inclined-plane of face body (22), one end that swing arm returns spring (19) is fixed on spring dead plate (18), and the other end is fixed on swing arm
On.
3. it is according to claim 2 can automatic locking differential mechanism, it is characterised in that the brake pad (4) be four, four
Individual brake pad (4) is hinged on the first swing arm (5), the two ends of the second swing arm (23), and is arranged on lockable mechanism shell (2) and wedge shape
In the space on block (6) top；Brake pad is set to return spring between four brake pads and the first swing arm (5), the second swing arm (23)
(20)。
4. it is according to claim 1 can automatic locking differential mechanism, it is characterised in that on lockable mechanism inner casing (3) circumference
Setting is corresponding with the wedge (6) position can to accommodate the cavity of wedge (6) and brake pad (4)；Wedge (6) section
Gradually thickening, it forms wedge mechanism between brake pad (4).
5. it is according to claim 2 can automatic locking differential mechanism, it is characterised in that four one group two-by-two of wedges (6)
It is 10-30 ° to be distributed in angle between the two ends of disk diameter, two groups.
6. it is according to claim 1 can automatic locking differential mechanism, it is characterised in that moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) and
Thrust axis is connected between (15) by thrust bearing, and pallet arm-tie (13) is fixed by moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) by bolt
On the internal thrust bearing of thrust axis (15), it is relative that moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) and thrust axis (15) can do circumferencial direction
Motion.
7. it is according to claim 1 can automatic locking differential mechanism, it is characterised in that some thrust axis guide rails
(16) array distribution is on moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell (9) inner peripheral surface, and it is by one section and moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell (9) main shaft
Parallel rectilinear orbit and the special-shaped track being in the shape of the letter V are formed by connecting, one-to-one with above-mentioned thrust axis guide rail (16)
Thrust axis guide pillar (17) array distribution is on thrust axis (15) circumference, and thrust axis guide pillar (17) is matched somebody with somebody with thrust axis guide rail (16)
Close, and be limited in the special-shaped track of the V-shaped of thrust axis guide rail (16), when moment of torsion is smaller on output shaft (10), in advance
Plus the moment of torsion that is produced by thrust axis guide pillar (17) of controling power it is relatively large when, thrust axis guide pillar (17) and thrust axis (15) are relative
Moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell (9) is axially moved, and promotes moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) inwardly to move；Opposite, work as output shaft
(10) moment of torsion is larger on, the moment of torsion relatively hour that pre-add controling power is produced by thrust axis guide pillar (17), thrust axis guide pillar
(17) and thrust axis (15) opposing torque reaction mechanism shell (9) is axially moved, moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) is pulled to outward transport
It is dynamic.
8. it is according to claim 1 can automatic locking differential mechanism, it is characterised in that lockable mechanism inner casing (3) with center
Locking shaft (1) is linked by spline, and moment of torsion reaction mechanism directly participates in the action of lockable mechanism；The thrust axis of moment of torsion reaction mechanism
(15) linked with output shaft (10) by a kind of spline with ball, axially can phase between output shaft (10) and thrust axis (15)
To motion, and circumferencial direction not can be movable relatively, and when moment of torsion is smaller on output shaft (10), it is anti-that thrust axis (15) starts opposing torque
Answer mechanism shell (9) to axially move, promote moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) inwardly to move, promote wedge (6), wedge
(6) space of brake pad (4) bottom is inserted, because wedge (6) section is gradually thickening, therefore its shape between brake pad (4)
Wedgewise mechanism, the afterwards swing arm between two inclined-planes (22A, 22B), two swing arms (5,23) of promotion of clinohedral (22) is promoted
Spring (21), and then the first swing arm (5), the second swing arm (23) rotation are promoted, swing arm end promotes four brake pads (4), makes it
Squeeze into wedge mechanism；Lockable mechanism shell (2) with respect to lockable mechanism inner casing (3) rotate counterclockwise when, the first swing arm (5) and
Connected wedge mechanism plays locking effect, produces frictional force that hinder inside and outside shell relative motion, larger, makes output shaft
(10) with central locking shaft (1) locking；When lockable mechanism shell (2) turns clockwise with respect to lockable mechanism inner casing (3), the second pendulum
Arm (23) and connected wedge mechanism play locking effect, produce friction that hinder inside and outside shell relative motion, larger
Power, makes output shaft (10) and central locking shaft (1) locking, forms Hard link, power directly passes on output shaft；And work as output shaft
(10) moment of torsion becomes big again on, and moment of torsion reaction mechanism pallet (8) can be moved out, and extracts wedge (6) out, loses wedge mechanism
The first swing arm, the second swing arm return spring (19), brake pad in brake pad recurrence spring (20) in swing arm in effect, lockable mechanism
Initial position is returned under effect, differential mechanism also returns to open state, and central differential gear recovers normal operating conditions, so that
Differential function recovers, and power is reached by lockable mechanism shell (2), moment of torsion reaction mechanism shell (9), thrust axis (15) and exported
Axle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510900992.8A CN105485297B (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2015-12-10 | It is a kind of can automatic locking differential mechanism |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510900992.8A CN105485297B (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2015-12-10 | It is a kind of can automatic locking differential mechanism |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105485297A CN105485297A (en) | 2016-04-13 |
| CN105485297B true CN105485297B (en) | 2017-10-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510900992.8A Expired - Fee Related CN105485297B (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2015-12-10 | It is a kind of can automatic locking differential mechanism |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105485297B (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3894446A (en) * | 1974-06-03 | 1975-07-15 | Twin Disc Inc | Power transmission having friction clutch bias differential with automatic clutch release |
| CN1033406A (en) * | 1988-12-03 | 1989-06-14 | 丁宪明 | The automatic antiskid differential of automobile and wheeled tractor |
| CN104455303A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-03-25 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Differential mechanism |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6626787B2 (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2003-09-30 | New Venture Gear, Inc. | On-demand all-wheel drive system |
-
2015
- 2015-12-10 CN CN201510900992.8A patent/CN105485297B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3894446A (en) * | 1974-06-03 | 1975-07-15 | Twin Disc Inc | Power transmission having friction clutch bias differential with automatic clutch release |
| CN1033406A (en) * | 1988-12-03 | 1989-06-14 | 丁宪明 | The automatic antiskid differential of automobile and wheeled tractor |
| CN104455303A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-03-25 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Differential mechanism |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105485297A (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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