CN105484801A - Underground flood alarm method based on image and water inflow monitoring - Google Patents
Underground flood alarm method based on image and water inflow monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN105484801A CN105484801A CN201610001299.1A CN201610001299A CN105484801A CN 105484801 A CN105484801 A CN 105484801A CN 201610001299 A CN201610001299 A CN 201610001299A CN 105484801 A CN105484801 A CN 105484801A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
- H04N7/183—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source
Abstract
The invention discloses an underground flood alarm method based on image and water inflow monitoring. The alarm method includes the steps that cameras are placed on an underground coal mine tunneling working face, a coal working face or other operation faces possibly having a water inrush accident, and a flow monitoring device is placed at a downstream position of a drainage channel of a roadway monitored by each camera; when it is monitored that abnormal water flow appears in a set region in video images of the cameras, moreover, the duration time of the water flow exceeds a set time threshold value or water flow increasing speed exceeds a set threshold value, and meanwhile the flow of the corresponding drainage channel is abnormal, a flood alarm signal is sent out. The alarm method fully considers the characteristic of a coal mine coal working face flood and is easy to implement, corresponding measures are taken automatically in time, an alarm can be given for water inrush of a coal mine accurately at first time, and valuable rescue and escape time is bought for underground staff, not at the flood site, in other regions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of down-hole floods alarm method of monitoring based on image and water yield, the method relates to the fields such as image steganalysis, sensor, communication.
Background technology
Coal is China's main energy sources, accounts for primary energy 70%.Coal industry is high risk industries, and the accidents such as gas, floods, fire, top board, coal dust annoying Safety of Coal Mine Production.In China's coal-mine generation severe and great casualty, natural calamity larger to mine harmfulness during mine water disaster, calculates with the number of coal mining accident death, water damage accident accounts for 15.72%, is only second to gas and roof accident, occupies the 3rd, after mine generation floods accident, its harm comprises:
1, to destroy by rush of water tunnel, pile things on, to flood and shutoff personnel.
2, with gushing water, have a large amount of coal slimes and rock alluvial tunnel, cause difficulty to personnel escape.
3, damage equipment.Down-hole electrical equipment, after cable is immersed in water, its insulating capacity declines rapidly, causes difficulty to the transport of down-hole, ventilation, draining etc., and the probability of surviving of the personnel that do not flee from time is reduced.
4, to gush out a large amount of toxic and harmfuls, the life condition environment of not fleeing from personnel is in time worsened more.
In sum, mine water disaster is the serious disaster in colliery, must accomplish promptly and accurately in coal production to the warning of mine water disaster.Current floods early warning based on the hydrology detection prevention, underground for probing water, tendency phenomenon observe and, hydrology detection and underground for probing water can prevent down-hole floods accident, but due to hydrologic regime complexity also may be there is, design improper, take effective measures, manage improperly and the reason such as thought paralysis of people, hydrology detection and underground for probing water can not prevent the generation of gushing water completely, more can not report to the police to the down-hole gushing water of burst; Based on artificial micro-judgment, there is larger subjective factor in the observation of tendency phenomenon.
At present for on-the-spot water inrush accident, the artificial warning of main dependence Field Force, but when gushing water occurs in unattended time or region, or Field Force flees from hastily and fails initiative alarming, control room just cannot obtain the information that gushing water occurs timely, down-hole relevant staff cannot be notified in time, so that can not take emergency measures in time to water inrush accident, easily cause the out of control and casualties of water damage.For effectively reducing the mine property loss and casualties that floods cause, need new down-hole floods alarm method, exactly down-hole gushing water can be reported to the police the very first time, for not striving for the valuable disaster relief and escape time other region personnel in the pit that scene occurs.
Summary of the invention
When the present invention, according to down-hole, water inrush accident occurs, have a large amount of water outwards spouting, and constantly, the feature constantly increased proposes a kind of down-hole floods alarm method of monitoring based on image and water yield.Underground coal mine driving face, coal-face or other may there is the place such as the scope of operation of water leak accident and place video camera, monitor the escape canal downstream position placement flow monitoring equipment in tunnel in video camera institute; Real-Time Monitoring is carried out to vedio data and water burst data on flows, there are abnormal current when monitoring setting regions in camera video image, and the current duration exceedes the time threshold of setting or current pushes the speed when exceeding setting threshold value, be then judged to be data exception; And when monitoring finds that the threshold value that water yield increases above setting then sends floods alarm signal.Concrete grammar comprises:
1. camera installation locations is near top, tunnel or be highly greater than 2 meters, and install secondary light source video camera is other, it is consistent that light projecting direction and camera video gather direction.
2. water yield is by being arranged on the flow monitoring monitoring of equipment in the escape canal in tunnel, video camera place; Flow monitoring equipment is arranged on the escape canal downstream of video camera position; Flow monitoring equipment installation site is not in camera supervised region; Should try one's best near video camera at the situation down-off monitoring equipment meeting above condition.
3. the subregion A in pair camera supervised scope sets, and in every frame video image, in setting regions A, the pixel count of each gray value i is added up, and obtains sequence H
i; The arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the pixel count of each gray value of computing k two field picture,
obtain sequence S
i; Ask and be more than or equal to setting gray value M
1pixel summation D
s,
and by last frame image as a setting image b (x, y) store, interval time T
mto D
supgrade with b (x, y); Ask in latest image frame at interval of P frame and in setting regions A, be more than or equal to setting gray value M
2pixel summation D
h,
work as D
hbe more than or equal to D
ssetting threshold value M
3time, i.e. (D
h-D
s)>=M
3time, trigger early warning, and store b (x, y); As (D
h-D
s) < M
3, then D is upgraded
swith b (x, y), then upgrade D
swith b (x, y); K, P, M
1, M
2, M
3, T
mobtain by measuring setting or artificially setting.
4. after entering modes of warning, at interval of Q
1frame carries out accumulated deficiency process to the real time video image f (x, y) of camera acquisition and the background image b (x, y) that deposits, and accumulated deficiency operational formula is:
in formula
P
n(x, y) is setting regions for the accumulated deficiency image initial value having processed n frame is 0, A, T
1for setting gray threshold; By accumulated deficiency calculation process Q
2after frame, ask and be more than or equal to setting gray value T
2pixel summation D
t, as met D
t>=M
4, be then judged to be that view data is abnormal; M in formula
4for the threshold value of setting; Q
1, Q
2, T
1, T
2, M
4obtain by measuring setting or artificially setting.
5. when monitor view data abnormal after, calculates and monitors escape canal data on flows and change, when at time T
jin, meet
then send floods alarm signal, L in formula
ifor the escape canal data on flows of Real-time Collection, L
sfor the escape canal data on flows average before view data exception, R is the escape canal flow growth rate threshold value of setting; T
j, R is by measuring setting or artificial setting obtains.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The down-hole floods warning system schematic diagram that Fig. 1 monitors based on image and water yield.
Fig. 2 escape canal flow monitoring principle schematic.
The hardware configuration schematic diagram of Fig. 3 flow monitoring equipment.
Fig. 4 floods alert operation schematic flow sheet.
Fig. 5 floods monitor server monitoring schematic flow sheet.
Detailed description of the invention
Described floods alarm method is realized by monitoring system, and system composition mainly comprises:
1. storage server (101), is responsible for receiving video data, escape canal data on flows storing, for monitoring host computer and floods monitor server provide inquiry to transfer service.
2. floods monitor server (102), receive the digital video frequency flow of camera acquisition, the video image of video camera is processed, the aberrant continuation change that in monitoring camera video image, setting regions occurs, and with reference to the corresponding drift dewatering canal data on flows that storage server stores, then export gushing water alarm signal to monitoring host computer as met alert if.When monitoring the too much server handling ability of video way and being not enough, multiple servers can be placed and respectively video is monitored.
3. geographic information server (103), be responsible for monitoring host computer and geographic information services is provided, use ArcGIS platform, and store the position data of the relevant geographic information data of mine, video camera (107) and flow monitoring equipment (110); Server has floods sunykatuib analysis function, according to gushing water position analysis floods development, according to analysis result for each working region, down-hole provides escape route information, and can send to monitoring host computer.
4. monitoring host computer (104), has sound and light of alarm, receives the alarm signal then sound and light alarm of floods monitor server (102); There is phonetic synthesis and digital voice compression encoding function, when after the escape route information obtaining each working region, down-hole from geographic information server (103), by the text message synthetic speech of gushing water position and escape route and compressed encoding, be issued to each broadcasting equipment and broadcast; Have real-time video monitoring and history video transfers function, production management personnel check live video image by monitoring host computer and can transfer history monitor data from storage server (101).
5. the network switch (105), is responsible for management and the exchanges data of the equipment of the mining Ethernet of all accesses.
6. down-hole switch (106), is responsible for substation and other access by network communication equipment and exchanges data, has flameproof enclosure, meet the requirement of underground coal mine flame proof.
7. video camera (107); Adopt the mining video camera meeting coal mine flame-proof requirement, with secondary light source, be arranged on underground coal mine driving face, coal-face or other may occur, on the places such as the scope of operation of water leak accident, to be connected with video server (108) by coaxial cable.
8. video server (108), also claims video encoder, by the analog video image digitlization of camera acquisition and compressed encoding, by mining Ethernet to aboveground storage server, floods monitor server, monitoring host computer transmitting video data.
9. substation (109), also claims data collection station, is responsible for the escape canal data on flows that reception flow monitoring equipment (110) is uploaded, and by data upload to floods monitoring server.Substation and flow monitoring equipment (110) adopt RS-485 standard by twisted-pair communication, can connect multiple flow monitoring equipment; Substation is connected with nearest down-hole switch by twisted-pair feeder or optical cable, adopts TCP mode to communicate with aboveground storage server, has flameproof enclosure, meet the requirement of underground coal mine flame proof.
10. flow monitoring equipment (110), for escape canal flow collection, can use all kinds of mining open channel flow rate measuring instrument, should meet underground coal mine and to be correlated with flame proof standard, have RS-485 communication interface.The present embodiment adopts ultrasonic flow rate measuring instrument.
11. alarm switches (111), report to the police for on-site manual, adopt RS-485 standard interface, should meet colliery downhole equipment safety requirements.
12. broadcasting equipments (112), for down-hole voice broadcast service, have digital speech decoding function, the data convert of being encoded by digital voice compression are become voice, and amplify broadcasting; Broadcasting equipment and substation adopt RS-485 standard to be communicated by twisted pair line connection.
Escape canal flow monitoring equipment operating principle is as shown in Figure 2:
Flow in open channel is larger, and liquid level is higher; Flow is less, and liquid level is lower.For general channel, the corresponding relation that liquid level and flow are not determined.In channel, weir slot is installed, due to the breach on weir or the reducing of groove less than the cross-sectional area of channel, therefore, the corresponding relation of channel upper pond level and flow depends primarily on the physical dimension of weir notch.Weir slot has changed into liquid level flow.By measuring the liquid level flowing through current in weir slot, according to the water level-discharge relation of corresponding weir slot, flow can be obtained.Conventional weir slot can be divided into overall with weir, rectangular weir, triangular-notch weir, cipoletti weir, Bashel slot type etc. according to the difference of crest of weir shape, and the device shown in Fig. 2 is rectangular weir, and the present embodiment middle and upper reaches liquid level h is realized by contactless supersonic sounding mode; If crest of weir width is b, flow rate calculation formula is
c in formula
efor discharge coefficient, relevant with h value, the water level-discharge relation of weir slot can inquire about acquisition from national metrological verification regulations " open channel weir notch flow meter " JJG711-90.
The circuit hardware of flow monitoring equipment forms as shown in Figure 3:
1. the MSP430F147 single-chip microcomputer of TI company selected by processor (301).This model is 16 risc architectures, has 32kFlash, 1kRAM; And have 5 kinds of low-power consumption modes, abundant sheet inner peripheral module, the plurality of advantages such as clock system flexibly.MSP430 can work under 1.8 ~ 3.6V low-voltage, and system adopts 3.3V operating voltage.
2. supersonic sounding (302), adopts ultrasound measurement module, and segment signal output connects the I/O port that MSP430F147 has interrupt function, and processor gathers the pulse that ultrasound measurement module exports, and calculates target range according to pulse length
3. storage chip (303) adopts 1 24C128, for storing the parameter such as groove width, discharge coefficient, owing to only employing a storage chip, so do not need to arrange chip select address, sheet is selected the whole ground connection of pin.24C512 uses IIC-BUS bus communication, uses two standard I/O interfaces to add pull-up resistor and connects SCL and SDA pin, realize processor and storage chip Control on Communication.
4. debugging interface (304), standard JTAG, for Debugging Program for Single-chip Computer, programming, upgrading.
5. communication interface (305), adopts RS-485 standard communications mode, and communication chip uses MAX485 and MSP430F147 to connect.
6. power supply (306), comprises AC/DC module and DC Power convert two parts, and DC power conversion chip adopts MAX1724EZK33, MAX1724EZK50, is converted to the operating voltage that 3.3V and 5V is stable, is respectively processor and communication interface is powered.
7. flame proof shell (307), for internal circuit and subsurface environment being isolated, should meet underground coal mine and to be correlated with flame proof standard.
Floods report to the police the course of work as shown in Figure 4:
1. (401) camera acquisition video image, by analog video signal by co-axial cables transport to video server.
2. (402) video server digitized analog video signal carry out compressed encoding, by netting twine by the video data after compressed encoding with multicast transmission to storage server, monitoring host computer and floods monitor server.
3. the vedio data that sent by video server of (403) floods monitor server real-time analysis, the abnormal current in monitoring video.
4. (404) flow monitoring equipment gathers escape canal data on flows, is sent to substation by RS-485 communication interface modules.
5. (405) substation is by RS-485 interface escape canal data on flows, the communication protocol of data according to setting is packed, packet is sent to storage server by network interface with TCP ad hoc mode.
6. (406) storage server receives the escape canal data on flows uploaded by substation in TCP server mode, and stored in database.
7. (407) floods monitor server obtains escape canal data on flows by access storage server, comprehensive monitoring is carried out to video image monitoring (403) result and escape canal data on flows, sending floods alarm signal when meeting alert if to monitoring host computer, monitored camera number being sent to monitoring host computer simultaneously.
8. (408) find floods as field personnel, push for emergency button time, substation gathers the alarm signal of alarm button, the communication protocol of data according to setting is packed, packet is sent to storage server by network interface with TCP ad hoc mode.
9. (409) storage server store alarms data, and forward alarm signal to monitoring host computer.
10. (410) are when monitoring host computer receives the alarm signal of floods monitor server or storage server, by video camera or the numbering of alarm switch send to geographic information server.
11. (411) geographic information servers determine gushing water position according to the numbering of alarming video camera or alarm switch, according to gushing water position analysis floods development, again according to analysis result for each working region, down-hole provides escape route information, and send to monitoring host computer.
The real-time displaying scene video of 12. (412) monitoring host computer automatic sound-light alarm, by the text message synthetic speech of gushing water position and escape route and compressed encoding, be issued to each broadcasting equipment and broadcast.Production management personnel can check live real-time video, alarm condition and equipment situation, when the hardware of video and data acquisition is damaged, then transfer history live video data.
13. (413) down-hole broadcasting equipment receiving packages contain the speech data of gushing water position and escape route information, and decoded back is that voice signal amplifies report.
The monitoring flow process of floods monitor server is as shown in Figure 5:
1. transferring the guarded region A parameter relevant with all monitoring computings when (501) each floods monitor server starts to carry out transferring, as not yet arranged, needing manually to arrange.
2. (502) add up the pixel count of each gray value in every two field picture region A, obtain sequence H
i; The arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the pixel count of each gray value in computing K two field picture region A,
obtain sequence S
i.
3. the pixel count D in (503) statistics setting gray area
s,
4. (504) will finally collect two field picture image b (x, y) storage as a setting.
5. (505) interval P frame is asked in latest image frame and is more than or equal to setting gray value M in setting regions A
2pixel summation D
h,
6. (506) are as (D
h-D
s)>=M
3, then perform (508), otherwise perform (507); M
3for setting threshold value.
7. (507) determine whether background image T update time
s, as then returned (502) to update time, otherwise return (505).
8. (508) trigger early warning, put pre-warning mark.
9. (509) upgrade and store background image b (x, y).
10. (510) continue setting-up time and carry out accumulated deficiency image operation to real time video image and background image of depositing.
11. (511) carry out gray-scale pixels statistics to processing the accumulated deficiency image obtained
In formula, f (x, y) is real time video image, P
n(x, y) is setting regions for the accumulated deficiency image initial value having processed n frame is 0, A, T
1for setting gray threshold; By accumulated deficiency calculation process Q
2after frame, ask higher than setting gray value T
2pixel summation D
t.
12. (512) as D
t>=M
4, then perform (514), otherwise return (502) after performing (513), M
4for the growth rate threshold value of setting.
13. (514) access storage servers obtain escape canal datas on flows, calculate and monitor escape canal data on flows to change, when at time T
jin, meet
then perform (515), otherwise return (502) after performing (513); L in formula
ifor the escape canal data on flows of Real-time Collection, L
sfor the escape canal data on flows average before view data exception, R is the escape canal flow growth rate threshold value of setting;
14. (515) send floods alarm signal.
15. (513) remove pre-warning mark, cancel alert status.
Claims (6)
1. a down-hole floods alarm method of monitoring based on image and water yield, it is characterized in that: underground coal mine driving face, coal-face or other may there is the place such as the scope of operation of water leak accident and place video camera, and monitor the escape canal downstream position placement flow monitoring equipment in tunnel in video camera institute; Real-Time Monitoring is carried out to vedio data and water burst data on flows, there are abnormal current when monitoring setting regions in camera video image, and the current duration exceedes the time threshold of setting or current pushes the speed when exceeding setting threshold value, be then judged to be data exception; And when monitoring finds that the threshold value that water yield increases above setting then sends floods alarm signal.
2. alarm method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: camera installation locations is near top, tunnel or be highly greater than 2 meters, and at video camera other installation secondary light source, it is consistent that light projecting direction and camera video gather direction.
3. alarm method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: water yield is by being arranged on the flow monitoring monitoring of equipment in the escape canal in tunnel, video camera place; Flow monitoring equipment is arranged on the escape canal downstream of video camera position; Flow monitoring equipment installation site is not in camera supervised region; Should try one's best near video camera at the situation down-off monitoring equipment meeting above condition.
4. alarm method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: set the subregion A in camera supervised scope, in every frame video image, in setting regions A, the pixel count of each gray value i is added up, and obtains sequence H
i; The arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the pixel count of each gray value of computing K two field picture,
obtain sequence S
i; Ask and be more than or equal to setting gray value M
1pixel summation D
s,
and by last frame image as a setting image b (x, y) store, interval time T
mto D
supgrade with b (x, y); Ask in latest image frame at interval of P frame and in setting regions A, be more than or equal to setting gray value M
2pixel summation D
h,
work as D
hbe more than or equal to D
ssetting threshold value M
3time, i.e. (D
h-D
s)>=M
3time, trigger early warning, and store b (x, y); As (D
h-D
s) < M
3, then D is upgraded
swith b (x, y), then upgrade D
swith b (x, y); K, P, M
1, M
2, M
3, T
mobtain by measuring setting or artificially setting.
5. alarm method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: after entering modes of warning, at interval of Q
1frame carries out accumulated deficiency process to the real time video image f (x, y) of camera acquisition and the background image b (x, y) that deposits, and accumulated deficiency operational formula is:
P in formula
n(x, y) is setting regions for the accumulated deficiency image initial value having processed n frame is 0, A, T
1for setting gray threshold; By accumulated deficiency calculation process Q
2after frame, ask and be more than or equal to setting gray value T
2pixel summation D
t, as met D
t>=M
4, be then judged to be that view data is abnormal; M in formula
4for the threshold value of setting; Q
1, Q
2, T
1, T
2, M
4obtain by measuring setting or artificially setting.
6. alarm method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: when monitor view data abnormal after, calculates and monitors escape canal data on flows and change, when at time T
jin, meet
then send floods alarm signal, L in formula
ifor the escape canal data on flows of Real-time Collection, L
sfor the escape canal data on flows average before view data exception, R is the escape canal flow growth rate threshold value of setting; T
j, R is by measuring setting or artificial setting obtains.
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CN108252741A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-07-06 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Coal working face floods alarm system based on infrared image |
CN108457699A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-28 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Driving face floods alarm system based on infrared image |
CN108252741B (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2023-04-18 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Coal face flood alarm system based on infrared image |
CN108457699B (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2023-04-18 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Tunneling working face flood alarm system based on infrared images |
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CN110397474A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-01 | 华北科技学院 | A kind of method and system of mine water disaster monitoring and warning and the condition of a disaster sprawling analog simulation |
CN112925368A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-08 | 徐州华讯科技有限公司 | Mine comprehensive automation device and using method |
CN113903149A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-01-07 | 河北煤炭科学研究院有限公司 | Mine water inrush early warning system and method and terminal equipment |
CN113903149B (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-12-27 | 河北煤炭科学研究院有限公司 | Mine water inrush early warning system and method and terminal equipment |
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