CN105483338A - Plant oil base quenching oil capable of being completely degraded biologically - Google Patents
Plant oil base quenching oil capable of being completely degraded biologically Download PDFInfo
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- CN105483338A CN105483338A CN201510980494.9A CN201510980494A CN105483338A CN 105483338 A CN105483338 A CN 105483338A CN 201510980494 A CN201510980494 A CN 201510980494A CN 105483338 A CN105483338 A CN 105483338A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/58—Oils
Abstract
The invention discloses plant oil base quenching oil capable of being completely degraded biologically. The plant oil base quenching oil comprises, by mass, 70-90 parts of high oleic plant oil, 3-10 parts of natural antioxidant and 5-20 parts of epoxidation castor oil. The oleic acid content of the high oleic plant oil is larger than or equal to 60%. The high oleic plant oil with the oleic acid content higher than 60% is selected for the base oil of the quenching oil, the oxidization stability of the quenching oil is effectively improved, the natural antioxidant capable of being dissolved in plant oil in a formula is matched, the oxidation stability of the quenching oil can be further improved, and the quenching oil can meet the requirement of the quenching technology. In addition, due to the fact that the castor oil is the plant oil highest in viscosity, the castor oil can serve as a thickening agent to improve the viscosity of the quenching oil. Finally, the antioxidant used in the formula is a natural product capable of being biologically degraded, the castor oil serves as the plant oil derivative, and therefore the quenching oil can be completely degraded biologically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant oil based quenching oil of fully biodegradable, also relate to the preparation method of above-mentioned plant oil based quenching oil, belong to quenching oil technical field.
Background technology
The various quenchant of human use quenches to obtain excellent performance to iron and steel parts thousands of years history, and before 19th century, vegetable and animals oils is by a large number for quenching.Since the late 19th century, along with the fast development of petroleum industry, mineral oil based quenching oil is popularized rapidly, becomes main quenchant within a very long time.But mineral oil based quenching oil depends critically upon non-renewable petroleum resources, along with constantly riseing of crude oil price, the cost of mineral oil based quenching oil increases rapidly.In addition, advocating the society of environmental protection and sustainable development, the environmental-protecting performance (comprise and be difficult to biological degradation, eco-toxicity, inflammableness etc.) of mineral oil based quenching oil is also its huge obstacle further developed of restriction.Therefore, researchist and practitioner finding can the quenchant of substitute mineral oil always.Vegetables oil as being a kind ofly generally easy to get, renewable, biodegradable, nontoxic raw material, become top-priority object.Vegetables oil is as quenchant in addition, there is not the vapor film stage in process of cooling, effectively can control heat treatment deformation.Chinese patent CN104498680A discloses the utilisation technology that a vegetable oil reduces workpiece deformation amount in quenching technology, can reduce quenching strain amount and effective controlling distortion scattered error, reduce follow-up school shape and accurately machined cost, promote assembly precision and service life.
Because vegetables oil contains unsaturated link(age), the thermo-oxidative stability of vegetables oil is poor, and use temperature is generally not more than 120 DEG C, and particularly when vegetables oil Linoleic acid and linolenic content reach 50%, oxidation is very serious, and the kinematic viscosity range of vegetables oil is narrower in addition.Quenchant is due to its special application conditions, all very high in the requirement of these two aspects.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of plant oil based quenching oil of fully biodegradable, this plant oil based quenching oil can complete biodegradable.
The technical problem that the present invention also will solve is to provide the preparation method of the plant oil based quenching oil of above-mentioned fully biodegradable.
Summary of the invention: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A plant oil based quenching oil for fully biodegradable, is made up of the component of following mass fraction: high gas oil ratio vegetables oil 70 ~ 90 parts, natural antioxidants 3 ~ 10 parts, epoxidized castor oil 5 ~ 20 parts; Wherein, oleic acid content >=60% of described high gas oil ratio vegetables oil.
Wherein, described high gas oil ratio vegetables oil is a kind of or several arbitrarily mixing in mustard rapeseed oil, high oleic sunflower oil, high gas oil ratio soybean oil, high gas oil ratio peanut oil, sweet oil, tea-seed oil or hazelnut oil.
Wherein, stating natural antioxidants is a kind of or several arbitrarily mixing in vitamin-E, oil-soluble tea polyphenol or sesamol.
The preparation method of the plant oil based quenching oil of above-mentioned fully biodegradable, comprise the following steps: the high gas oil ratio vegetables oil of required mass fraction is added in reactor, at temperature of reaction 60 DEG C, in reactor, add natural antioxidants and the epoxidized castor oil of required mass fraction again, required plant oil based quenching oil can be obtained by after mixture stirred for several hour.
Beneficial effect: the base oil of quenching oil of the present invention select oleic acid content higher than 60% high gas oil ratio vegetables oil, effectively improve the oxidation stability of quenching oil, coordinate the natural antioxidants dissolving in vegetables oil in formula, further can improve the oxidation stability of quenching oil, thus make quenching oil of the present invention meet the requirement of quenching technology; In addition, because Viscotrol C is the vegetables oil that viscosity is the highest, therefore it can to quench oil viscosity for improving the present invention as thickening material; Finally, antioxidant used in formula is biodegradable natural product, and Viscotrol C is vegetable oil derivatives, and therefore quenching oil of the present invention can complete biodegradable, significantly reduces it to the pollution of environment and harm.
Embodiment
According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.But those skilled in the art will readily understand, the content described by embodiment only for illustration of the present invention, and should can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims yet.
Embodiment 1: a kind of preparation method of plant oil based quenching oil of fully biodegradable, comprises the following steps:
90 portions of mustard rapeseed oils are added in reactor, at temperature of reaction 60 DEG C, then adds 10 parts of vitamin-Es and 5 parts of epoxidized castor oil, required plant oil based quenching oil after mixture being stirred 1 hour, can be obtained.
The physical and chemical index of the plant oil based quenching oil that embodiment 1 is obtained is as follows:
Kinematic viscosity (40 DEG C): 35mm
2/ s (test method: GB/T265);
Open flash point (DEG C): 340 (test methods: GB/T3536);
Biological degradation rate: 99% (test method: CEC-L-33-A-93);
Viscosity ratio after the test of 24h thermal oxidation stability: 1.25 (test methods: SH/T0219);
Maximum cooling rate: 107 DEG C/s (test method: GB/T30823).
Embodiment 2: a kind of preparation method of plant oil based quenching oil of fully biodegradable, comprises the following steps:
80 parts of high gas oil ratio soybean oil are added in reactor, at temperature of reaction 60 DEG C, then adds 8 parts of oil-soluble tea polyphenols and 15 parts of epoxidized castor oil, required plant oil based quenching oil after mixture being stirred 2 hours, can be obtained.
The physical and chemical index of the plant oil based quenching oil that embodiment 2 is obtained is as follows:
Kinematic viscosity (40 DEG C): 68mm
2/ s (test method: GB/T265);
Open flash point (DEG C): 360 (test methods: GB/T3536);
Biological degradation rate: 99% (test method: CEC-L-33-A-93);
Viscosity ratio after the test of 24h thermal oxidation stability: 1.27 (test methods: SH/T0219);
Maximum cooling rate: 110 DEG C/s (test method: GB/T30823).
Embodiment 3: a kind of preparation method of plant oil based quenching oil of fully biodegradable, comprises the following steps:
70 parts of high sweet oil are added in reactor, at temperature of reaction 60 DEG C, then adds 3 parts of sesamols and 20 parts of epoxidized castor oil, required plant oil based quenching oil after mixture being stirred 2 hours, can be obtained.
The physical and chemical index of the plant oil based quenching oil that embodiment 3 is obtained is as follows:
Kinematic viscosity (40 DEG C): 85mm
2/ s (test method: GB/T265);
Open flash point (DEG C): 370 (test methods: GB/T3536);
Biological degradation rate: 99.5% (test method: CEC-L-33-A-93);
Viscosity ratio after the test of 24h thermal oxidation stability: 1.29 (test methods: SH/T0219);
Maximum cooling rate: 115 DEG C/s (test method: GB/T30823).
The kinematic viscosity (40 DEG C) of the plant oil based quenching oil of the present invention is 25 ~ 100mm
2/ s (GB/T265), biological degradation rate>=99% (CEC-L-33-A-93 method), viscosity ratio≤1.30 (SH/T0219) after the test of 24h thermal oxidation stability, maximum cooling rate>=105 DEG C/s (GB/T30823), it uses as quenching oil, effectively can control heat treatment deformation, improve the operating environment of production scene, reduce the pollution to environment and harm.
Comparative example 1:
Use the physical and chemical index of the plant oil based quenching oil of artificial synthetic additive as follows:
Kinematic viscosity (40 DEG C): 38mm
2/ s (test method: GB/T265);
Biological degradation rate: 69.5% (test method: CEC-L-33-A-93);
Viscosity ratio after the test of 24h thermal oxidation stability: 1.30 (test methods: SH/T0219);
Maximum cooling rate: 103 DEG C/s (test method: GB/T30823).
The use of synthetic additive can reduce the biological degradation rate of plant oil based quenching oil, make it cannot be degradable, and its eco-toxicity can be increased, in addition, the performance of plant oil based quenching oil on thermal oxidation stability and viscosity of synthetic additive is used all to be not so good as the plant oil based quenching oil of embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3.
Because vegetables oil contains the oxidizing reaction that double bond is easy to occur active alkenyl radical, but compared to the polyunsaturated acid such as linolic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid is only containing a double bond, and its oxidative stability is better.Base oil of the present invention select oleic acid content higher than 60% high gas oil ratio vegetables oil, effectively can improve the oxidation stability of quenching oil of the present invention, coordinate the natural antioxidants dissolving in vegetables oil in formula more simultaneously, the oxidation stability of quenching oil of the present invention can be improved further, make quenching oil of the present invention meet the requirement of quenching technology; In addition, quenching oil of the present invention antioxidant used is biodegradable natural product, can not reduce biological degradability of the present invention; Viscotrol C is the vegetables oil that viscosity is the highest, better than general vegetable oil low-temperature performance, its double bond content is reduced by epoxidation, and after improving its oxidation stability, can as thickening material for improving plant oil viscosity, and epoxidized castor oil is vegetable oil derivatives, also has biological degradability, therefore use its thickening material as quenching oil of the present invention can not reduce the biological degradability of quenching oil of the present invention; The plant oil based quenching oil fully biodegradable of the present invention, work-ing life is similar to mineral oil, not only effectively can control heat treatment deformation, significantly can also reduce the pollution to environment and harm.
Claims (4)
1. a plant oil based quenching oil for fully biodegradable, is characterized in that: be made up of the component of following mass fraction: high gas oil ratio vegetables oil 70 ~ 90 parts, natural antioxidants 3 ~ 10 parts, epoxidized castor oil 5 ~ 20 parts; Wherein, oleic acid content >=60% of described high gas oil ratio vegetables oil.
2. the plant oil based quenching oil of fully biodegradable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described high gas oil ratio vegetables oil is a kind of or several arbitrarily mixing in mustard rapeseed oil, high oleic sunflower oil, high gas oil ratio soybean oil, high gas oil ratio peanut oil, sweet oil, tea-seed oil or hazelnut oil.
3. the plant oil based quenching oil of fully biodegradable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described natural antioxidants is a kind of or several arbitrarily mixing in vitamin-E, oil-soluble tea polyphenol or sesamol.
4. the preparation method of the plant oil based quenching oil of fully biodegradable described in a claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: the high gas oil ratio vegetables oil of required mass fraction is added in reactor, at temperature of reaction 60 DEG C, in reactor, add natural antioxidants and the epoxidized castor oil of required mass fraction again, required plant oil based quenching oil can be obtained by after mixture stirred for several hour.
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| CN201510980494.9A CN105483338B (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2015-12-23 | A kind of plant oil base quenching oil of fully biodegradable |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107151728A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-12 | 三河市炬峰生物能源有限公司 | A kind of genetically engineered soybean oil type metal heat treatmet quenching oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN108559824A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-21 | 山东高强紧固件有限公司 | One vegetable oil cooling oil composition |
| CN114703349A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-05 | 中国矿业大学 | Pentaerythritol fatty acid polybasic ester-based quenching oil and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115109902A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-09-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Environment-friendly fatty acid methyl ester-based quenching oil and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107151728A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-12 | 三河市炬峰生物能源有限公司 | A kind of genetically engineered soybean oil type metal heat treatmet quenching oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN107151728B (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2018-11-02 | 三河市炬峰生物能源有限公司 | A kind of genetically engineered soybean oil type metal heat treatmet quenching oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN108559824A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-21 | 山东高强紧固件有限公司 | One vegetable oil cooling oil composition |
| CN115109902A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-09-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Environment-friendly fatty acid methyl ester-based quenching oil and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114703349A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-05 | 中国矿业大学 | Pentaerythritol fatty acid polybasic ester-based quenching oil and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN105483338B (en) | 2018-06-19 |
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