CN105468839B - A kind of determination method and device of automobile windage coefficient - Google Patents
A kind of determination method and device of automobile windage coefficient Download PDFInfo
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- CN105468839B CN105468839B CN201510815097.6A CN201510815097A CN105468839B CN 105468839 B CN105468839 B CN 105468839B CN 201510815097 A CN201510815097 A CN 201510815097A CN 105468839 B CN105468839 B CN 105468839B
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of determination method and device of automobile windage coefficient, method includes: an automobile section to be intercepted along motor vehicle length direction, wherein the automobile section is vertical with the axis direction of automobile in determining car model;According to the automobile section of interception and the car model, the contour line in the automobile section is determined;According to the contour line in the automobile section, the corresponding discrete type model of the car model is determined;According to the discrete type model and the physical condition and boundary condition of the model of setting, automobile windage coefficient is determined.Using the embodiment of the present invention, in determining car model, an automobile section is intercepted along motor vehicle length direction, automobile cross section contour is determined according to the automobile section, according to the cross section contour, the corresponding discrete type model of car model is determined, and then determine automobile windage coefficient.The method greatly reduces calculating data, simplifies calculating process, improves the efficiency of automotive development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Vehicle Engineering technical fields, more particularly to the determination method and dress of a kind of automobile windage coefficient
It sets.
Background technique
Automobile windage coefficient is a significant coefficient for calculating air resistance of automobile, can calculate automobile with it and be expert at
Air drag when sailing, air resistance coefficient is smaller, and it is smaller to illustrate that it is influenced by air drag;Conversely, being influenced by air drag bigger.
Air resistance coefficient has directly proportional relationship to automobile fuel consumption, therefore reduces coefficient of air resistance, for reducing the fuel consumption of automobile,
There is important practical significance.
The size of air resistance coefficient depends on the shape of automobile, in general, most of automobiles that we see on road
Air resistance coefficient between 0.28-0.4, the preferable automobile of cleanliness, air resistance coefficient can reach 0.25 or so, there are also some
Automobile can reach 0.15 or so.
The method of verifying automobile windage coefficient calculates mainly by carrying out Flow Field outside emulation to vehicle complete vehicle model at present
Its air resistance coefficient out.But since the data volume of vehicle complete vehicle model is larger, and calculating process is complex, causes to determine wind
The period for hindering coefficient is larger, affects the efficiency of automotive development.
Summary of the invention
A kind of determination method and device for being designed to provide automobile windage coefficient of the embodiment of the present invention, can be applied to
Automobile research early stage, it is only necessary to which the data in some section of automobile do not need whole vehicle model data, improve the effect of automotive development
Rate.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of determination methods of automobile windage coefficient, including step
It is rapid:
In determining car model, along motor vehicle length direction intercept an automobile section, wherein the automobile section with
The axis direction of automobile is vertical;
According to the automobile section of interception and the car model, the contour line in the automobile section is determined;
According to the contour line in the automobile section, the corresponding discrete type model of the car model is determined;
According to the discrete type model and the physical condition and boundary condition of the model of setting, automobile windage system is determined
Number.
It is optionally, described to intercept an automobile section along motor vehicle length direction, comprising:
In the car model, interception one is a section of preset value in the Y direction, and the section of interception is made
For the automobile section, wherein the vertex for defining automobile head in the car model is origin, the length direction of automobile is X
Direction, the width direction of automobile are Y-direction, and the short transverse of automobile is Z-direction.
Optionally, the contour line in the determining automobile section, comprising:
The automobile section of interception and the car model is tangent, determine the contour line in automobile section.
Optionally, the determining discrete type model, comprising:
The contour line in the automobile section of the determination is mapped in computational domain, wherein the size of the computational domain is according to institute
The size of the contour line and automobile of stating automobile section determines;Delete computational domain get on the car section contour line surround region;It will
Remaining region stretches pre-determined distance along Y-direction in the computational domain, determines the computational domain and the contour line pair after stretching
The closed area answered;The closed area is generated into grid model, and using the grid model as the discrete type model.
Optionally, the grid model includes:
Veil lattice model or volume mesh model.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of determining devices of automobile windage coefficient, comprising:
Automobile section determining module, for intercepting an automobile along motor vehicle length direction and cutting in determining car model
Face, wherein the automobile section is vertical with the axis direction of automobile;
Automobile cross section contour determining module, for determining according to the automobile section of interception and the car model
The contour line in the automobile section;
Discrete type model determining module determines that the car model is corresponding for the contour line according to the automobile section
Discrete type model;
Air resistance coefficient determining module, for the physical condition and boundary according to the discrete type model and the model of setting
Condition determines automobile windage coefficient.
Optionally, automobile section determining module is specifically used in the car model, and interception one is in the Y direction
One section of preset value, using the section of interception as the automobile section, wherein defining vapour in the car model
The vertex of vehicle headstock is origin, and the length direction of automobile is X-direction, and the width direction of automobile is Y-direction, the short transverse of automobile
For Z-direction.
Optionally, the automobile cross section contour determining module, specifically for the automobile section that will intercept with it is described
Car model is tangent, determines the contour line in automobile section.
Optionally, the discrete type model determining module includes:
Mapping submodule, for the contour line in the automobile section of the determination to be mapped in computational domain, wherein the meter
The size for calculating domain is determined according to the contour line in the automobile section and the size of automobile;
Delete submodule, for delete computational domain get on the car section contour line surround region;
Submodule is stretched, for region remaining in the computational domain to be stretched pre-determined distance along Y-direction, is determined after stretching
Computational domain closed area corresponding with the contour line;
Submodule is determined, for the closed area to be generated grid model, and using the grid model as described discrete
Pattern type.
Optionally, the grid model includes: veil lattice model or volume mesh model.
Using technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by determining car model, along motor vehicle length side
The wheel in the automobile section is determined according to the automobile section of interception and the car model to one automobile section of interception
Profile;And then determine the corresponding discrete type model of the car model;And the physical condition by setting the discrete type model
With boundary condition, automobile windage coefficient is determined.Therefore, calculating data are greatly reduced, calculating process is simplified, improve automobile
The efficiency of exploitation.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Figure 1A is a kind of flow diagram of the determination method of automobile windage coefficient provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 1B is automobile schematic cross-section in a kind of determination method of automobile windage coefficient provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 1 C be in a kind of determination method of automobile windage coefficient provided in an embodiment of the present invention automobile cross section contour and
The schematic diagram of computational domain;
Fig. 2 is that discrete type model determines method in a kind of determination method of automobile windage coefficient provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Flow diagram;
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the determining device of automobile windage coefficient provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the determining device of another automobile windage coefficient provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Below by specific embodiment, invention is described in detail.
Figure 1A is a kind of flow diagram of the determination method of automobile windage coefficient provided in an embodiment of the present invention, this method
Applied to terminal device, the described method comprises the following steps:
Step S101: in determining car model, an automobile section is intercepted along motor vehicle length direction, wherein the vapour
Vehicle section is vertical with the axis direction of automobile.
During automotive development, the overall model of automobile can primarily determine that the model is vapour in exploitation early stage
The initial foundation of vehicle design can optimize the moulding of vehicle by the analysis to car model.
The length direction of automobile refers to the direction along automobile head to automobile tail, in embodiments of the present invention, along automobile
The automobile section of length direction interception, can embody the shape of automobile face, cabin cover leading portion radian, front windshield inclination angle
The design feature of the vehicles emphasis position such as degree, ceiling curvature and vehicle body, vehicle tail structure, and this section and automobile axis direction
Vertically.
Step S102: according to the automobile section of interception and the car model, the profile in the automobile section is determined
Line.
Step S103: according to the contour line in the automobile section, the corresponding discrete type model of the car model is determined.
Due to determining that the essence of automobile windage coefficient is to carry out using the numerical method of discretization to the fluid of motor vehicle environment
Analysis, therefore, it is necessary to establish the corresponding discrete type model of car model.
Step S104: according to the discrete type model and the physical condition and boundary condition of the model of setting, vapour is determined
Vehicle air resistance coefficient.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the physical condition of discrete type model mainly includes turbulence model, stable state, separation stream and continuous
Medium;The boundary condition of discrete type model mainly includes the gas pressure in the travel speed and vehicle travel process of vehicle, vehicle
Gas pressure in driving process, is traditionally arranged to be standard atmospheric pressure.
Using technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in determining car model, by along motor vehicle length direction
Intercept an automobile section;Determine the contour line in the automobile section;According to the contour line in the automobile section, the vapour is determined
The corresponding discrete type model of vehicle model;It is set, is calculated with boundary condition by the physical condition to the discrete type model
Obtain automobile windage coefficient.The embodiment of the present invention is in the air resistance coefficient for determining automobile, it is only necessary to intercept an automobile section, greatly
Reduce calculating data greatly, improves the efficiency of automotive development.
It is described to be intercepted along motor vehicle length direction in one embodiment of the present of invention on the basis of Figure 1A illustrated embodiment
One automobile section, comprising:
In car model, interception one is a section of preset value in the Y direction, using the section as automobile section,
The vertex that automobile head is wherein defined in the car model is origin, and the length direction of automobile is X-direction, the width of automobile
Direction is Y-direction, and the short transverse of automobile is Z-direction.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1b, the vertex for defining automobile head is origin, and the length direction of automobile is X-direction, vapour
The width direction of vehicle is Y-direction, and the short transverse of automobile is Z-direction.The preset value of the automobile section of interception in the Y direction can have
Multiple selections, such as Y=0, Y=50 millimeters or Y=100 millimeters, preferably, for the better body in automobile section intercepted
Reveal the modeling characteristic of automobile, usually intercept the section of Y=0, as shown in fig. 1b, the section Y0 is the section of Y=0, and Y1 is cut
Face refers to Y=100 millimeters of section.
Along the automobile section of motor vehicle length direction interception, it can be used as the foundation of Flow around Automobiles numerical simulation, do not need
The whole vehicle model of automobile greatly reduces so that calculating data, and calculating process is simplified.
In one embodiment of the invention, the contour line in the determining automobile section, comprising:
The automobile section that will be intercepted and the car model is tangent, determine the contour line in automobile section.
The contour line in automobile section can by by the automobile section of interception with the car model is tangent obtains, when
So, it can also be obtained by other methods, details are not described herein again.
On the basis of the embodiment described in Figure 1A, process such as Fig. 2 of the corresponding discrete type model of the car model is determined
It is shown, comprising:
Step S201: the contour line in the automobile section of the determination is mapped in computational domain, wherein the computational domain
Size is determined according to the contour line in the automobile section and the size of automobile.
According to the description in Figure 1A corresponding embodiment, because coordinate system determines, which is that the Y of interception is preset value
Section, therefore the contour line in obtained automobile section can project in X0Z coordinate system.When determining computational domain, Ke Yi
The size of the computational domain is determined in X0Z coordinate system.In the size for determining computational domain, according to the side in the contour line in automobile section
The preset distance threshold corresponding with the size of automobile of the coordinate of boundary's point and each direction, determines the seat of the boundary point of computational domain
Mark, according to the coordinate of computational domain boundary point, determines the corresponding region of the computational domain and its size.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 C, in X0Z coordinate system, the boundary point in X-direction of automobile cross section contour be A0 and
B0 can take automobile cross section contour in a boundary point of Z-direction due to that can be considered as a plane at the top of Automobile
For C0.In the embodiment of the present invention, be set as L1 in the distance threshold of X opposite direction, be set as L2 in the distance threshold of X positive direction, Z just
The distance threshold in direction is set as L3.According to automobile cross section contour the boundary point A0 of X-direction and in X opposite direction apart from threshold
Value L1, determine computational domain in the boundary point A1 of X-direction, according to automobile cross section contour the boundary point B0 of X-direction and X just
The distance threshold L2 in direction determines computational domain in the boundary point B1 of X-direction, according to the side in Z-direction of automobile cross section contour
Boundary point C0 and distance threshold L3 in Z positive direction, determines that computational domain in the boundary point C1 of Z-direction, makees X by A1, B1 point respectively
The vertical line of axis crosses the vertical line that C1 point makees Z axis, and three vertical lines intersect and surround a rectangular region S1 jointly with X-axis, this is rectangular
Shape region S1 is computational domain.Wherein, there are many selections for the value of distance threshold L1, L2 and L3, preferably, generally choosing L1=
4 times of motor vehicle lengths, L2=8 times of motor vehicle length, L3=5 times of motor vehicle length, so determining computational domain can obtain more accurately
Discrete type model.
Step S202: delete computational domain get on the car section contour line surround region.
Computational domain S1 is determined according to step S201, the region S0 that automobile cross section contour surrounds is deleted, obtained meter
Calculating remaining region in domain is exactly a hollow closed area, it is ensured that fluid passes through, and realizes to automobile windage system
Several determinations.
Step S203: region remaining in the computational domain is stretched into pre-determined distance along Y-direction, determines the meter after stretching
Calculate domain closed area corresponding with the contour line.
Since the remaining region that the above process determines is also in X0Z coordinate system, corresponding is a closed face,
Therefore remaining region can be stretched into pre-determined distance along Y-direction, to obtain three-dimensional closed region.
It along the purpose that Y-direction stretches is to obtain one by a two-dimensional plane domain by region remaining in the computational domain
Three-dimensional solid region is used for subsequent determining discrete type model.In embodiments of the present invention, pre-determined distance, which can according to need, appoints
Meaning setting, general pre-determined distance can be 50 millimeters or 100 millimeters.
Step S204: the closed area is generated into grid model, and using the grid model as the discrete type model.
Grid model is generated by closed area and belongs to the prior art, such as can be realized by CASE(Computer Aided Software Engineering),
Such as Star CCM+.
In embodiments of the present invention, the grid model includes: veil lattice model and volume mesh model.Generating grid mould
When type, veil lattice model can be generated, volume mesh model also can be generated.Volume mesh model opposite face grid model computational accuracy
Higher, faster relative to volume mesh model calculating speed, user, can be according to specific needs when specifically used for veil lattice model
Flexible choice.
For the veil lattice model generated by closed area, refer in the face that the Surface Creation surface grids of closed area obtain
Grid model.In general, the curved surface obtained after being stretched due to automotive wheels profile has viscosity according to fluid mechanics principle, it can
The curved surface obtained after the stretching of automotive wheels profile is generated multilayer frontier layer, the veil lattice model made is more accurate.
Wherein, the number of plies of automobile cross section contour surface boundary layer, which can according to need, is set, generally based on experience value, boundary layer
The number of plies can be 5 layers.
For the volume mesh model that closed area generates, refers to and closed area is divided into multiple stereoscopic grids, thus
To corresponding volume mesh model.It can be and directly generated according to closed area, surface grids mould can also be generated according to closed area
Type generates.The prior art is belonged to by the process that closed area generates veil lattice model and volume mesh model, in the embodiment of the present invention
In to the process without repeating.
Using technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in determining car model, by along motor vehicle length direction
Intercept an automobile section;Determine the contour line in automobile section;According to the contour line in automobile section, automobile cross section contour is determined
The closed area determined with computational domain, and then determine the corresponding discrete type model of car model, and by setting the discrete type
The physical condition and boundary condition of model, determine automobile windage coefficient.Since the embodiment of the present invention only needs to intercept an automobile
Section greatly reduces calculating data, improves the efficiency of automotive development.
Corresponding to embodiment of the method shown in figure 1A, Fig. 3 is a kind of automobile windage coefficient provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of determining device, the device are applied to terminal device.Shown in Figure 3, the apparatus may include with lower module:
Automobile section determining module 31, for intercepting an automobile along motor vehicle length direction in determining car model
Section, wherein the automobile section is vertical with the axis direction of automobile;
Automobile cross section contour determining module 32, for according to the automobile section of interception and the car model, really
The contour line in the fixed automobile section;
Discrete type model determining module 33 determines the car model pair for the contour line according to the automobile section
The discrete type model answered;
Air resistance coefficient determining module 34, for the physical condition and side according to the discrete type model and the model of setting
Boundary's condition determines automobile windage coefficient.
Automobile section determining module 31 is specifically used in the car model, and interception one is the one of preset value in the Y direction
A section, using the section of interception as the automobile section, wherein defining the top of automobile head in the car model
Point is origin, and the length direction of automobile is X-direction, and the width direction of automobile is Y-direction, and the short transverse of automobile is Z-direction.
Automobile cross section contour determining module 32, specifically for the automobile section and the car model phase that will be intercepted
It cuts, determines the contour line in automobile section.
The grid model includes: veil lattice model or volume mesh model.
On the basis of the embodiment described in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 be another automobile windage coefficient provided in an embodiment of the present invention really
The structural schematic diagram for determining device, corresponding to the process for determining the corresponding discrete type model of the car model shown in Fig. 2, the device
Middle discrete type model determining module 33 can also include following submodule:
Mapping submodule 331, for the contour line in the automobile section of the determination to be mapped in computational domain, wherein described
The size of computational domain is determined according to the contour line in the automobile section and the size of automobile;
Delete submodule 332, for delete computational domain get on the car section contour line surround region;
Submodule 333 is stretched, for region remaining in the computational domain to be stretched pre-determined distance along Y-direction, determines and stretches
The closed area corresponding with the contour line of the computational domain afterwards;
Determine submodule 334, for by the closed area generate grid model, and using the grid model as described in from
Dissipate pattern type.
Using technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, in determining car model, by along motor vehicle length side
To one automobile section of interception;Determine the contour line in automobile section;According to the contour line in automobile section, automobile cross section profile is determined
The closed area that line and computational domain determine, and then determine the corresponding volume mesh model of car model or veil lattice model, and lead to
The physical condition and boundary condition for setting the discrete type model are crossed, determines automobile windage coefficient.Only due to the embodiment of the present invention
It needs to intercept an automobile section, greatly reduces calculating data, improve the efficiency of automotive development.
For systems/devices embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, so the comparison of description is simple
Single, the relevent part can refer to the partial explaination of embodiments of method.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any actual relationship or order or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
There is also other identical elements in process, method, article or equipment including the element.
Each embodiment in this specification is all made of relevant mode and describes, same and similar portion between each embodiment
Dividing may refer to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.Especially for system reality
For applying example, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, so being described relatively simple, related place is referring to embodiment of the method
Part explanation.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so within the spirit and principles in the present invention, are all contained in protection scope of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of determination method of automobile windage coefficient, which is characterized in that be applied to terminal device, which comprises
In determining car model, an automobile section is intercepted along motor vehicle length direction, wherein the automobile section and automobile
Axis direction it is vertical;
According to the automobile section of interception and the car model, the contour line in the automobile section is determined;
According to the contour line in the automobile section, the corresponding discrete type model of the car model is determined;
According to the discrete type model and the physical condition and boundary condition of the model of setting, automobile windage coefficient is determined;Institute
Stating physical condition includes: turbulence model, stable state, separation stream and continuous media;
The determining discrete type model, comprising:
The contour line in the automobile section of the determination is mapped in computational domain, wherein the size of the computational domain is according to the vapour
The contour line in vehicle section and the size of automobile determine;Delete computational domain get on the car section contour line surround region;It will be described
Remaining region stretches pre-determined distance along Y-direction in computational domain, determines that the computational domain after stretching is corresponding with the contour line
Closed area;The closed area is generated into grid model, and using the grid model as the discrete type model.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein it is described along motor vehicle length direction intercept an automobile section,
Include:
In the car model, interception one is a section of preset value in the Y direction, using the section of interception as institute
Automobile section is stated, wherein the vertex for defining automobile head in the car model is origin, the length direction of automobile is the side X
To the width direction of automobile is Y-direction, and the short transverse of automobile is Z-direction.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the contour line in the determining automobile section, comprising:
The automobile section of interception and the car model is tangent, determine the contour line in automobile section.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the grid model includes:
Veil lattice model or volume mesh model.
5. a kind of determining device of automobile windage coefficient, which is characterized in that described device includes:
Automobile section determining module, for intercepting an automobile section along motor vehicle length direction in determining car model,
Described in automobile section it is vertical with the axis direction of automobile;
Automobile cross section contour determining module, described in determining according to the automobile section of interception and the car model
The contour line in automobile section;
Discrete type model determining module, for the contour line according to the automobile section, determine the car model it is corresponding from
Dissipate pattern type;
Air resistance coefficient determining module, for the physical condition and perimeter strip according to the discrete type model and the model of setting
Part determines automobile windage coefficient;The physical condition includes: turbulence model, stable state, separation stream and continuous media;
The discrete type model determining module includes:
Mapping submodule, for the contour line in the automobile section of the determination to be mapped in computational domain, wherein the computational domain
Size determined according to the size of the contour line in the automobile section and automobile;
Delete submodule, for delete computational domain get on the car section contour line surround region;
Submodule is stretched, for region remaining in the computational domain to be stretched pre-determined distance along Y-direction, is determined described after stretching
Computational domain closed area corresponding with the contour line;
Submodule is determined, for the closed area to be generated grid model, and using the grid model as the discrete pattern
Type.
6. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that automobile section determining module is specifically used for described
Car model, interception one is a section of preset value in the Y direction, using the section of interception as the automobile section,
The vertex that automobile head is wherein defined in the car model is origin, and the length direction of automobile is X-direction, the width of automobile
Direction is Y-direction, and the short transverse of automobile is Z-direction.
7. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the automobile cross section contour determining module is specifically used for
The automobile section of interception and the car model is tangent, determine the contour line in automobile section.
8. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the grid model includes: veil lattice model or volume mesh
Model.
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Denomination of invention: Method and device for determining automobile drag coefficient Effective date of registration: 20190513 Granted publication date: 20190308 Pledgee: Suzhou Trust Co., Ltd. Pledgor: BEIJING CHANGCHENG HUAGUAN AUTOMOBILE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Registration number: 2019990000418 |
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