CN105468835B - A kind of automotive-type part clamp design verification method - Google Patents
A kind of automotive-type part clamp design verification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105468835B CN105468835B CN201510809624.2A CN201510809624A CN105468835B CN 105468835 B CN105468835 B CN 105468835B CN 201510809624 A CN201510809624 A CN 201510809624A CN 105468835 B CN105468835 B CN 105468835B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of automotive-type part clamp design verification methods, belong to field of precision measurement.The invention proposes a kind of authentication method of novel fixture design, this method very good solution fixture in the design process due to the type of positioning pin and installation position is improper and the problems such as the constraint that generates is insufficient or Over-constrained.The invention is theoretical using the topological relevant surfaces collection in new generation product geometry specification design standard, minimum geometry reference element concept is applied to the design verification process of fixture, complex-shaped positioning pin can be enabled to be abstracted as simple point-line-surface or its certain combining form by this method, and the freedom degree of constraint can be obtained by simple Boolean calculation, instead of the constraint condition for by rule of thumb or artificially participating in judging certification jig is needed in conventional method, it is suitable for data transmitting and Automated library system application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the design verification methods of the fixture of automotive-type part, belong to Precision Inspection field.
Background technique
As 3D printing technique is more and more applied in engineering field, due to its significant crushing resistance, wear resistance, resist
The superior mechanical property such as corrosivity and thermal stability, so that the technology is widely answered in fixture Design and manufacturing process
With.Although current world 3D printing producer all manufactures the fixture of different field difference dimensions class in trial, by
It is immature in technological means, unified detection method and standard are also lacked, low, testing result can not so as to cause detection efficiency
By the problems such as.Whether 3D printing class fixture or conventional brace, all numerous in variety because of its positioning pin, complex geometry makes
Automation can not be fully achieved by obtaining its inspection certification link during Computer Design fixture.
There is the positioning pin of all kinds of different geometries in fixture design process, each type of positioning pin can limit
Determine different directions and the position constraint of different numbers is provided.It not only needs in fixture design process to positioning pin type in this way
It is selected, while also needing to configure the number of positioning pin.The way generallyd use at present is determined complicated shape
Position pin carries out geometry simplification processing, i.e., its equivalent substitution body for being reduced to only reflect constraint freedom degree.
Common method can be roughly divided into two classes, first is that judging by rule of thumb；Second is that most early in the equivalent fixed of foreign countries' proposition
Site method.The experience that the former mainly accumulates with designer, this method are only applicable to Single unit job lot production, especially automation journey
Degree is not high, and can not achieve automatically design inspection for the fixture of computer aided technique design and authenticate, therefore cannot expire
Sufficient state-of-the-art technology production needs.The equivalent anchor point method of the latter is that positioning pin is equivalent to one or more anchor points, by this
Computer-aided authentication may be implemented in method, but the principle or standard that the selection and definition for anchor point be not unified,
Specific solution is not provided to a certain extent and by micro-judgment particularly with complex-shaped part.
The locating element of various complicated shapes is produced by means of Computer-aided Design Technology.For how to multiple fixed
Position pin is applied in combination, and when especially containing complicated shape positioning pin, how to realize the side of Computer aided integrated design certification
Method also rarely has system research, hinders the development and application of the Integrated manufacture and 3D printing fixture of conventional brace.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes a kind of fixture design verification method of automotive-type part, this method very good solution complexity
Fixtures computer aided design authenticates automation issues.This method is utilized incites somebody to action with topology and technique relevant surfaces theory, the theory
All geometry surfaces are divided into seven major class, and every one kind surface is defined by minimum geometry reference element, and such fixture is mentioned
The constraint freedom degree of confession is obtained by simple Boolean calculation, realizes Automated library system.In fixture verification process, any complexity
The positioning pin of shape can be abstracted as the combining form of the one or any of several of most basic point, line, surface, i.e., basic in 7
Any type in surface type.The space of each positioning pin can be obtained in turn according to the definition in product geometrical specification standard
Direction, form and the number of freedom degree, then the constraint freedom degree condition that fixture is capable of providing can be calculated by Boolean calculation.
It will be of different shapes fixed with technique associated surfaces theory by the topology in new generation product geometry specification standard
Any type that position pin is divided into 7 kinds of basic surface types.
The combining form of point, line, surface in 7 kinds of basic surface types in every one kind is advised by new generation product and geometric techniques
Minimum geometry reference element defined in model standard determines.
The freedom of motion that each positioning pin provides in fixture is related to technique by the topology in product geometrical specification standard
Connection superficial theory uniquely determines.
The constraint freedom degree condition that fixture is capable of providing is calculated by the Boolean calculation of the freedom of motion to positioning pin and is obtained.
This method is applicable not only to traditional fixture design verification while being suitable for the Computer Design of 3D printing class fixture
Verification process.
The positioning pin of fixture explains to be exactly cooperation table with new generation product geometry specification to the support position fixing process of workpiece
Face limits the process of the freedom degree of workpiece.Each workpiece has 6 spatial degrees of freedom, 3 translational motions in Euclidean space
Freedom degree and 3 rotary freedoms, by configure positioning pin type and number make workpiece reduce one or more freedom degrees to
Limit its movement in space.7 classes can be divided into for the geometric jacquard patterning unit surface shape in space by being defined by minimum geometry reference element
(as shown in Figure 1), i.e. plane class, spherical class, cylinder noodles, prism noodles, revolution noodles, screw thread noodles and Free Surface
Class.The freedom degree that the corresponding 7 class surface provides be 3 freedom degrees (2 translations, 1 rotation), 3 freedom degrees (3 rotations),
2 freedom degrees (1 translation, 1 rotation), 1 freedom degree (1 translation), 1 freedom degree (1 rotation), 1 freedom degree (1
Rotation) and 0 freedom degree.
Whether the design that positioning pin is verified in fixture design process is reasonable, i.e. its constraint freedom degree provided and fixture
The whether consistent judgement of functional requirement can be realized by topology and technique relevant surfaces technology in conjunction with simple Boolean calculation.It has
Body process are as follows: 1. defined according to minimum geometry reference element and all positioning pins are divided into the basic geometric jacquard patterning unit surface shape of 7 classes
Any type.Positioning pin of different shapes can be divided into appointing in 7 class surface shapes according to accumulateing property in its geometry in this way
Meaning one kind or classes of combining form, to simplify influence of the geometry to positioning action, and are abstracted as minimum geometry base
Quasi- element, i.e. point, line, surface and a combination thereof form (as shown in Figure 2).2. according to the basic each positioning pin of geometric jacquard patterning unit surface shape decision
Provided freedom degree.According to the surface type of positioning pin, i.e., mathematical way is passed through unambiguously by minimum geometry reference element
The freedom degree for defining each positioning surface, so as to avoid conventional method by experience and " particular problem concrete analysis "
3. the judgment method artificially participated in establishes the local spatial coordinate system of fixture and calculates clamp locating pin institute energy by Boolean calculation
The number of the constraint freedom degree of offer and direction (as shown in Figure 3).The direction of freedom degree and positive and negative is determined by establishing coordinate system
To realize that the Boolean calculation of freedom degree, the mathematical computations that this method is capable of gripping clamping apparatus freedom degree are easy to implement computer set
At.4. to fixture design qualification certification.Due in mainstream computer Autocad (such as Catia, Solidworks etc.)
Geometrical characteristic object is obtained using topology and artistic face the relevant technologies, therefore, qualification is carried out to fixture by this method and is recognized
Card is convenient for data transmitting and Automated library system.
With upper fixture design verification process with being expressed mathematically as following process.Defining on fixture has n positioning pin, respectively
Positioning pin is expressed as L1,L2...Ln；Corresponding minimum geometry reference element is found out after establishing space coordinates to it, thus
It is defined according to topology with technique relevant surfaces and is expressed as freedom degreeForm,
The then freedom degree that n positioning pin can be generated are as follows:
ξf=DOFs (L1)∩DOFs(L2)∩DOFs(Lm)∩DOFs(Ln)
={ x:x ∈ L1Λx∈L2Λx∈LmΛx∈Ln}
And the constraint freedom degree ξ ` that corresponding fixture generates workpiecefFor ξ `f=6+,--ξf。
The design of fixture is authenticated by topology and artistic face correlation theory method, i.e., the positioning energy it provided
Power carries out the design method that verifying is a kind of versatility, and this method is different from traditional deterministic process artificially participated in, by number
Expression is learned, so that verification result has generality, uniqueness, accuracy and tractability.Solves especially 3D printing fixture
It is designed processing by means of computer aided, and lacks the verification technique method of the Automated library system of consistency.
Novel clamp design verification method of the invention has following distinguishing feature:
1, consistent mathematical expression avoids the disadvantage in conventional method by artificial experience and " particular problem concrete analysis "
End；
2, the geometry for simplifying miscellaneous positioning pin is abstracted as most basic point, line, surface, or combinations thereof；
3, the constraint freedom degree that fixture provides can be realized by simple Boolean calculation, transmitted and calculated convenient for data；
4, the integrated application of computer is convenient in the application of topology and artistic face the relevant technologies.
Detailed description of the invention
Seven kinds of basic surface classification of type of Fig. 1 positioning pin
The minimum reference geometric element collection of Fig. 2 different type surface positioning pin
The freedom degree on the seven seed type surface Fig. 3 identifies
The configuration mode of Fig. 4 positioning pin and certification analysis
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific processing instance, the present invention will be described:
When there are 3 positioning pins on a fixture, wherein 2 are cylindrical pin C1、C2And 1 is irregular shape
Prismatic pin D, and when the Implant position difference of straight pin, as shown in figure 4, the workpiece motion s freedom degree ξ that then fixture can limit
`fSolution procedure are as follows:
1) curved surface type division is carried out to both positioning pins respectively first.Straight pin is divided into Cylinder Surface class, prismatic
Pin is divided into prismatic curved surface class.
2) local coordinate system of fixture and each positioning pin is established.Workpiece and each positioning pin are established by transition matrix
Matrix conversion relationship are as follows:
WhereinFor the included angle cosine of coordinate between centers.
3) the minimum geometry reference element of 3 positioning pins is established, corresponding freedom degree is as shown in Figure 4, it may be assumed that DOFs
(C1)={ σ z+,-,εz+,-, DOFs (C2)={ σ y+,-,εy+,-, DOFs (D)={ σ z+,-}
4) to the Degree of Freedom Analysis of integrated positioning pin: 1. as cylindrical surface positioning pin C1It combines, generates with prismatic face positioning pin D
Freedom calculation formula are as follows:
DOFs(C1)∩DOFs(D)
={ x:x ∈ C1Λx∈D}
={ σ z+,-,εz+,-∩σz+,-}
=σ zA+,-
The displacement freedom for only generating the positive and negative both direction of z-axis at this time, may be not present rotary freedom.2. when cylindrical surface is fixed
Position pin C2It is combined with prismatic face positioning pin D, the freedom calculation formula of generation are as follows:
DOFs(C2)∩DOFs(D)
={ x:x ∈ C2Λx∈D}
={ σ y+,-,εy+,-∩σz+,-}
=0
5) consider to include directionality of the fixture to workpiece support according to analysis, therefore the pact that positioning pin designed by the fixture limits
Beam freedom degree are as follows: ξ `f=6+,--ξf=DOFs (C1)∩DOFs(C2) ∩ DOFs (D)=6+,-
Determine that the available constraint freedom degree of the fixture is 6, while the positive and negative directionality including each axis.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of fixture design verification method of automotive-type part, it is characterised in that: this method utilizes topology and technique correlation table
All geometry surfaces are divided into seven major class by foliation opinion, the theory, and every one kind surface is determined by minimum geometry reference element
Justice, the provided constraint freedom degree of such fixture are obtained by simple Boolean calculation, realize Automated library system；It is authenticated in fixture
In the process, the positioning pin of any complicated shape can be abstracted as the combination of the one or any of several of most basic point, line, surface
Form, i.e. any type in 7 kinds of basic surface types；Each determined according to the definition in product geometrical specification standard and then acquisition
Direction, form and the number of the spatial degrees of freedom of position pin, then the constraint that fixture is capable of providing can be calculated by Boolean calculation
Freedom degree condition；
Positioning pin of different shapes is divided into 7 kinds with technique relevant surfaces theory by the topology in product geometrical specification standard
Any type in basic surface type；
In 7 kinds of basic surface types it is every one kind in point, line, surface combining form as defined in product geometrical specification standard most
Small geometry reference element determines；
The freedom of motion that each positioning pin provides in fixture is by the topology and technique relevant surfaces in product geometrical specification standard
Theory uniquely determines；
The constraint freedom degree condition that fixture is capable of providing is calculated by the Boolean calculation of the freedom of motion to positioning pin and is obtained；
The positioning pin of fixture explains with product geometrical specification standard the support position fixing process of workpiece to be exactly matching surface limitation
The process of the freedom degree of workpiece；Each workpiece has 6 spatial degrees of freedom, 3 translational motion freedom degrees in Euclidean space
With 3 rotary freedoms, workpiece is set to reduce one or more freedom degrees to limit it by the type and number that configure positioning pin
Movement in space；Being defined by minimum geometry reference element can be 7 classes, i.e. plane by the basic surface Type division in space
Class, spherical class, cylinder noodles, prism noodles, revolution noodles, screw thread noodles and Free Surface noodles；The corresponding 7 class surface mentions
The freedom degree of confession is 3 freedom degrees i.e. 2 translations, 1 rotation, 3 freedom degrees i.e. 3 rotations, 2 freedom degrees i.e. 1 translation 1
A rotation, 1 freedom degree i.e. 1 translation, 1 freedom degree i.e. 1 rotation, 1 freedom degree i.e. 1 rotation and 0 freedom degree；
Whether the design that positioning pin is verified in fixture design process is reasonable, i.e. the function of its constraint freedom degree provided and fixture
The whether consistent judgement of demand can be realized by topology and technique relevant surfaces technology in conjunction with simple Boolean calculation；Its specific mistake
Journey are as follows: 1. defined according to minimum geometry reference element all positioning pins are divided into it is any one in 7 class basic surface types
Class；Positioning pin of different shapes can be divided into according to accumulateing property in its geometry in this way any one in 7 class basic surface types
Class or classes of combining form to simplify influence of the geometry to positioning action, and are abstracted as minimum geometry benchmark and want
Element, i.e. point, line, surface and a combination thereof form；2. according to freedom degree provided by each positioning pin of basic surface type decision；According to
The surface type of positioning pin passes through each positioning pin surface of the definition of mathematical way unambiguously by minimum geometry reference element
Freedom degree, so as to avoid conventional method by the judgement side of experience and " particular problem concrete analysis " artificially participated in
3. method establishes the local spatial coordinate system of fixture and calculates the constraint freedom degree that clamp locating pin can be provided by Boolean calculation
Number and direction by establishing coordinate system determine the direction of freedom degree and positive and negative to realize the Boolean calculation of freedom degree, the party
The mathematical computations that method is capable of gripping clamping apparatus freedom degree are easy to implement Automated library system；4. to fixture design qualification certification；Due to
Geometrical characteristic object is obtained using topology and artistic face the relevant technologies in mainstream computer Autocad therefore to pass through
This method carries out qualification certification to fixture convenient for data transmitting and Automated library system；
With upper fixture design verification process with being expressed mathematically as following process: defining on fixture has n positioning pin, each positioning
Pin is expressed as L1,L2...Ln；Corresponding minimum geometry reference element is found out after establishing space coordinates to it, thus according to
Topology defines with technique relevant surfaces and is expressed as freedom degreeForm, then n
The freedom degree that positioning pin can be generated are as follows:
ξf=DOFs (L1)∩DOFs(L2)∩DOFs(Lm)∩DOFs(Ln)
={ x:x ∈ L1Λx∈L2Λx∈LmΛx∈Ln}
And the constraint freedom degree ξ ` that corresponding fixture generates workpiecefFor ξ `f=6+,--ξf。
2. a kind of fixture design verification method of automotive-type part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: pressed from both sides when one
There are 3 positioning pins on tool, wherein 2 are cylindrical pin C1、C2And 1 prismatic pin D for irregular shape, and straight pin
Implant position difference when, then the fixture can limit constraint freedom degree ξ `fSolution procedure are as follows:
1) curved surface type division is carried out to both positioning pins respectively first；Straight pin is divided into Cylinder Surface class, and prismatic pin is drawn
It is divided into prismatic curved surface class；
2) local coordinate system of fixture and each positioning pin is established；The square of workpiece Yu each positioning pin is established by transition matrix
Battle array transformational relation are as follows:
WhereinFor the included angle cosine of coordinate between centers；
3) establish 3 positioning pins minimum geometry reference element, corresponding freedom degree i.e.:
DOFs(C1)={ σz +,-,εz +,-, DOFs (C2)={ σy +,-,εy +,-, DOFs (D)={ σz +,-}
4) to the Degree of Freedom Analysis of integrated positioning pin: 1. as cylindrical pin C1It is combined with the prismatic pin D of irregular shape, generation
Freedom calculation formula are as follows:
DOFs(C1)∩DOFs(D)
={ x:x ∈ C1Λx∈D}
={ σz +,-,εz +,-∩σz +,-}
=σz A+,-
The displacement freedom for only generating the positive and negative both direction of z-axis at this time, may be not present rotary freedom；2. as cylindrical pin C2With
The prismatic pin D of irregular shape is combined, the freedom calculation formula of generation are as follows:
DOFs(C2)∩DOFs(D)
={ x:x ∈ C2Λx∈D}
={ σy +,-,εy +,-∩σz +,-}
=0
Consider to include directionality of the fixture to workpiece support according to analysis, therefore the constraint that positioning pin designed by the fixture limits is free
Degree are as follows:
ξ`f=6+,--ξf=DOFs (C1)∩DOFs(C2) ∩ DOFs (D)=6+,-
Determine that the available constraint freedom degree of the fixture is 6, while the positive and negative directionality including each axis.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6662071B1 (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2003-12-09 | General Electric Company | Method of manufacturing precision parts with non-precision fixtures |
| CN103324794A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-25 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Method for verifying three-dimensional tolerance marking correctness |
| CN103810348A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-05-21 | 南昌航空大学 | Automatic analytical algorithm for workpiece locating errors |
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2015
- 2015-11-19 CN CN201510809624.2A patent/CN105468835B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6662071B1 (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2003-12-09 | General Electric Company | Method of manufacturing precision parts with non-precision fixtures |
| CN103324794A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-25 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Method for verifying three-dimensional tolerance marking correctness |
| CN103810348A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-05-21 | 南昌航空大学 | Automatic analytical algorithm for workpiece locating errors |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 面向计算机辅助夹具设计的修订式定位方案设计算法;秦国华 等;《计算机集成制造系统》;20121031;第18卷(第10期);2145-2150 |
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