CN105468800B - A kind of optimization method of ethane cracking furnace produce load adjustment - Google Patents
A kind of optimization method of ethane cracking furnace produce load adjustment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of optimization methods of ethane cracking furnace produce load adjustment, wherein the described method comprises the following steps: step 1: establishing the geometric model of crack furnance radiation section furnace tube, calculate the operating parameter in crack furnance radiation section furnace tube；Step 2: establishing the geometric model of pyrolysis furnace, obtain the operating parameter outside cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil；Step 3: on the basis of the calculated result of step 1, the calculated result of iterative step 2, coupling calculates again；Step 4: when pyrolysis furnace inventory 70%-120% load, adjustment fuel flow rate is 0.6Q-1.2Q, until the pyrolysis furnace operating parameter calculated is better than the pyrolysis furnace operating parameter before load variations.The present invention copes with the adjustment of ethane cracking furnace produce load, provides best heat distribution for ethane cracking furnace radiant section, reduces the energy consumption of ethane cracking furnace, and provide a kind of optimization method of ethane cracking furnace produce load adjustment according to raw material type and feature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ethane cracking furnace fields, furtherly, are related to a kind of adjustment of ethane cracking furnace produce load
Optimization method.
Background technique
Ethylene is the basic material of petrochemical industry, referred to as " mother of petrochemical industry ".Ethylene product direct relation plastics, rubber
The development of the industries such as glue, weaving, auxiliary agent, chemical machinery, building, transport and food and drink.About 98% ethylene is logical in the world at present
Cross what pipes type steaming thermal cracking process produced, therefore, researcher carries on technical development around ethane cracking furnace always, to
Improve yield of light olefins, reduce energy consumption, reduce cost and adapt to market economy variation direction carry out the work.
2012,1648.9 ten thousand tons of China's ethylene production capacity, 1486.8 ten thousand tons of actual production, Apparent con- sumption 16,290,000
Ton.In recent years, China's ethylene industry scale device continue to increase and device capacity expansion revamping, domestic ethylene consume the degree of self-sufficiency
It will step up, but as cost of material price is high, downstream demand is sluggish and production capacity increases the aggravation of bring market competition
Etc. various pressure, the profitability of China's ethylene industry also declines to a great extent.According to China's " 12th Five-Year Plan " the development of the petrochemical industry
Important requirement, domestic ethylene industry will transformation development mode, implement structural adjustment and focus on scientific development.Concrete mode is such as
Under: from simple large-scale production primary industrial chemicals and conventional, low-and-medium-grade products to the necessary industrial chemicals of large-scale production
With the high-end petroleum chemicals transformation for increasing production high-tech content, high added value；From warp more dispersed and that layout is unreasonable
It seeks to further enlarged, intensive, integrated, Base environment, Industry Cluster and optimization layout transformation；From with petroleum base be original
Expect to change to raw material lighting, diversification and source diversification.
As it is known by one skilled in the art, hydrocarbon cracking reaction has high temperature, short stops in the radiant coil of pyrolysis furnace
Stay, low hydrocarbon partial pressure the features such as.Currently, the prioritization scheme of pyrolysis furnace operation is by choosing primary product (ethylene, propylene and fourth two
Alkene etc.) mass yield be target, formulate suitable thermal cracking process condition, such as select boiler tube out temperature and cracking stock
Deng.CN102213949 discloses a kind of ethylene cracker operation optimization method, pre- by establishing yield prediction model, value
Model and value Optimized model are surveyed, the operation optimization scheme of pyrolysis furnace is formulated for different material, price and process characteristic.
CN103524284 discloses the prediction and method of a kind of ethylene cracking material configuration, using industrial data and cracking reaction mechanism
It combines, according to the characteristic and raw material condition of pyrolysis furnace, optimizes the type and load of cracking stock, realize the optimization of cracking stock
The economic benefit of configuration and device optimizes.CN103289725 discloses a kind of energy-conserving and optimizing control method of ethane cracking furnace, point
Influence of the cracking stock processing scheme to energy consumption, product yield, coke cleaning period is analysed, using cracking severity model, tube coking speed
Rate and plant energy consumption model obtain optimal radiant coil outlet temperature and water in conjunction with key process parameter and control system
Oily ratio realizes the maximization target of energy conservation and economic benefit.
In recent years, during the industry park plan of ethylene unit, in order to cope with the variation of Market Situation, domestic ethylene enterprise
Usually on-line operation time, inventory and the economic benefit that ethylene unit is improved using new monotechnics of adjustment device.
Summary of the invention
The main object of the present invention is to cope with the adjustment of ethane cracking furnace produce load, is provided for ethane cracking furnace radiant section
Best heat distribution reduces the energy consumption of ethane cracking furnace, and provides a kind of ethane cracking furnace production according to raw material type and feature
The optimization method of load adjustment.
The present invention provides a kind of optimization methods of ethane cracking furnace produce load adjustment, wherein this method includes following
Step:
Step 1: establishing the geometric model of cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil, be based on ethane cracking furnace inventory
Technological parameter in the radiant coil of 100% load calculates cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil using hydrocarbon cracking reaction model
Interior operating parameter；
Step 2: establishing the geometric model of ethane cracking furnace, the spoke based on 100% load of ethane cracking furnace inventory
The outer technological parameter of section boiler tube is penetrated, simulation meter is carried out to ethane cracking furnace radiant section pipe exterior domain using Fluid Mechanics Computation method
It calculates, obtains the operating parameter outside cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil；
Step 3: the ethane cracking furnace of calculated result and step 2 in the cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil of step 1 is radiated
Section is managed outer calculated result coupling and is calculated again, on the basis of the calculated result of step 1, the calculated result of iterative step 2, until radiation
Operating parameter outside section boiler tube is stablized, then exports calculated result；
Step 4:, will when the inventory in the technological parameter of ethane cracking furnace inventory load is 70%-120% load
Fuel flow rate Q in the technological parameter of the ethane cracking furnace inventory load is adjusted to 0.6Q-1.2Q, recalculates step 1
With step 2, guarantee ethane cracking furnace operating parameter better than before load variations, realization ethane cracking furnace produce load adjusts excellent
Change；
Step 5: step 1 calculated result recalculated being coupled with step 2 calculated result, implementation steps 3.
Ethane cracking furnace radiant section of the invention is divided into boiler tube and outer two parts of boiler tube, splits in boiler tube for hydrocarbon raw material
Conversion zone is solved, is the heat source region of fuel combustion release heat outside boiler tube.Pipe inner region using hydrocarbon cracking reaction model into
Row calculates, and obtains the parameters such as material cracking product distribution in managing, heat distribution, Temperature Distribution and pressure distribution, pipe exterior domain
The parameters such as smoke-filling movement, pressure field and flue gas composition are calculated using Fluid Mechanics Computation method.It then, will be in pipe and outside pipe
The calculated result in region couples, and obtains radiant coil tube wall temperature, radiant section flue gas physical parameter and radiant section and exports cigarette
The data such as temperature degree, according to above-mentioned data, the technological parameter based on ethane cracking furnace, when ethane cracking furnace produce load becomes
When dynamic, the fuel quantity of burner is adjusted, optimizes the combustion process of fuel, adjusts the distribution of radiant section smoke-filling movement, realizes second
The running optimizatin of alkene pyrolysis furnace produce load adjustment.
Therefore, the present invention provides one kind to solve ethane cracking furnace operational load adjustment post fuel amount variation issue
The optimization method of ethane cracking furnace produce load adjustment, the present invention is by using new simulation method, by radiant coil
Outer fuel burning, flow of flue gas and the interior hydrocarbon cracking reaction coupling of pipe calculate, and instruct the practical operation with Optimization of Ethylene pyrolysis furnace,
Meet the pyrolysis furnace actual operating state of different produce loads.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings are intended to provide a further understanding of the invention, and constitutes part of specification, with following tool
Body embodiment is used to explain the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of ethane cracking furnace provided by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of radiant coil provided by the present invention；
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram of calculation flow provided by the present invention.
1 description of symbols of attached drawing:
1 combustion bottom burner；2 radiant coils；3 radiant sections；4 radiant wall burners；5 convection sections；6 convection section furnaces
Pipe；7 quenching boilers
Specific embodiment
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments below.It should be understood that described herein specific
Embodiment is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to restrict the invention.
The present invention provides a kind of optimization methods of ethane cracking furnace produce load adjustment, wherein this method includes following
Step:
Step 1: establishing the geometric model of cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil, be based on ethane cracking furnace inventory
Technological parameter in the radiant coil of 100% load calculates cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil using hydrocarbon cracking reaction model
Interior operating parameter；
Step 2: establishing the geometric model of ethane cracking furnace, the spoke based on 100% load of ethane cracking furnace inventory
The outer technological parameter of section boiler tube is penetrated, simulation meter is carried out to ethane cracking furnace radiant section pipe exterior domain using Fluid Mechanics Computation method
It calculates, obtains the operating parameter outside cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil；
Step 3: the ethane cracking furnace of calculated result and step 2 in the cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil of step 1 is radiated
Section is managed outer calculated result coupling and is calculated again, on the basis of the calculated result of step 1, the calculated result of iterative step 2, until radiation
Operating parameter outside section boiler tube is stablized, then exports calculated result；
Step 4:, will when the inventory in the technological parameter of ethane cracking furnace inventory load is 70%-120% load
Fuel flow rate Q in the technological parameter of the ethane cracking furnace inventory load is adjusted to 0.6Q-1.2Q, recalculates step 1
With step 2, guarantee ethane cracking furnace operating parameter better than before load variations, realization ethane cracking furnace produce load adjusts excellent
Change；
Step 5: step 1 calculated result recalculated being coupled with step 2 calculated result, implementation steps 3.
According to the present invention, specifically, the contents of the present invention include: hydrocarbon cracking reaction in the radiant coil in step 1
The calculating of model；The calculating of ethane cracking furnace radiant section pipe outer fuel burning and flue gas situation in step 2；Second in step 3
Coupling in alkene crack furnance radiation section furnace tube and outside cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil calculates；And step 4 ethane cracking furnace spoke
A section coupling for produce load adjustment is penetrated to calculate again.
According to the present invention, the technological parameter in cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil described in step 1 and step 3 includes raw material
Type, inventory, initial operating stage and the boiler tube in latter stage out temperature and pressure and tube coking rate.
According to the present invention, the technological parameter outside cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil described in step 2 and step 4 includes fuel
Flow, pressure and temperature, combustion air air door size and excess air coefficient.
According to the present invention, the hydrodynamic methods outside the ethylene cracking tube include combustion model, turbulence model, component
Mode and radiation patterns.
According to the present invention, the hydrocarbon cracking reaction model in the cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil includes that hydro carbons chemistry is anti-
Answer model, heat transfer model, flow model and pressure model.
According to the present invention, ethane cracking furnace operating parameter described in step 4 includes operating parameter in radiant section pipe, radiant section
Operating parameter and the pyrolysis furnace cycle of operation outside pipe.
According to the present invention, the operating parameter outside ethane cracking furnace radiant section pipe described in step 2 and step 3 includes radiant section
Flue gas flow field, temperature field, pressure field, radiant coil tube wall temperature, fuel combustion flame temperature field and flame height.
According to the present invention, the parameter run in cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil described in step 1 and step 3 includes radiant section
The mass yield of material caloric receptivity and low-carbon alkene product in boiler tube.
According to the present invention, the calculating that hydrocarbon cracking reacts in radiant section pipe is negative based on ethane cracking furnace inventory 100%
Lotus establishes the geometry of radiant coil, using hydrocarbon cracking reaction model, calculates material in radiant coil and absorbs heat
The cycle of operation of amount, the mass yield of low-carbon alkene product and ethane cracking furnace.
According to the present invention, the flue gas situation calculating of radiant section pipe outer fuel burning is based on ethane cracking furnace inventory
100% load establishes the geometry of ethane cracking furnace, using Fluid Mechanics Computation method to fuel combustion, flow of flue gas, pressure
Force distribution and thermo parameters method are calculated.
According to the present invention, being with the coupling calculating outside pipe in ethane cracking furnace radiant section pipe will be based in radiant section pipe
It calculates as a result, the flue gas situation of radiant section pipe outer fuel burning is calculated, until the parameter stability of radiant section operation；
According to the present invention, ethane cracking furnace feed intake load adjustment coupling calculate again be based on 100% load of inventory and
Fuel quantity in the technological parameter of ethane cracking furnace inventory load is Q；When produce load adjustment, adjustment fuel quantity is calculated,
Coupling calculating is carried out again, guarantees that radiant section technological parameter adjusted better than before load variations, instructs the reality of ethane cracking furnace
Operation.
When ethane cracking furnace inventory 80%-110% load, the technique that adjusts the ethane cracking furnace inventory load
Fuel quantity in parameter is 0.7Q-1.1Q；Preferably, when the ethane cracking furnace inventory 90%-105% load, institute is adjusted
Stating the fuel quantity in the technological parameter of ethane cracking furnace inventory load is 0.8Q-1.05Q.
The applicable pyrolysis furnace of produce load adjustment running optimizatin method of the invention specifically include that radiant section, convection section and
Quenching boiler is detailed in Fig. 1.
Radiant section: being arranged in the multiple groups radiating furnace tube in burner hearth center, and diversified forms can be used in boiler tube, and two journey of 1-1 configuration is not
Fig. 2 2-1 type, two journey branch variable diameter of 4-1 type or other configuration radiating furnace tubes are detailed in isometrical no branch；Radiant section bottom two
Combustion bottom burner is arranged in side, and radiant wall burner, additional heat and change heat distribution are arranged in upper furnace two sides.
Convection section: horizontally disposed multiple groups heating tube in section of convection chamber is mostly passed using various reinforcings convenient for the high efficient heat exchanging of cracking stock
Thermal technology improves its heat transfer efficiency.
In order to solve the variation issue for adjusting after-burning doses of ethane cracking furnace produce load, by being split to hydrocarbon raw material in pipe
The calculating of reaction is solved, the data such as the burning of radiant section pipe outer fuel, flow of flue gas, pressure and the temperature outside pipe is coupled, calculates
The matched fuel quantity of operational load after variation allows the produce load of ethane cracking furnace to adjust operation and is optimized, process of the present invention
It is detailed in Fig. 3.
The heat and its distribution that hydrocarbon raw material is absorbed after the adjustment of ethane cracking furnace produce load, in pipe will change,
And then the purpose of parameters such as temperature, pressure and speed of material change in managing, and misoperation will will affect low-carbon alkene production
Mass yield, boiler tube service life and cycle of operation of pyrolysis furnace of object etc..In the actual moving process of ethane cracking furnace,
The variation of produce load is generally controlled by adjusting fuel flow rate, how to adjust fuel quantity correctly to guarantee that stablizing for heat supplies
Giving and being distributed is that ethane cracking furnace produce load adjusts a major issue for needing to solve.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1,100,000 tons of ethane cracking furnaces of an annual output, which includes a convection section and a radiation
Section, radiant section are made of 48 groups of 2-1 type boiler tubes, divide 6 big groups, are arranged in radiant section center, and 36 combustion bottom burners are evenly distributed
In two sides, 48 radiant wall burners are evenly distributed in two sides, two rows arrangement.
Hydrocarbon raw material is by taking certain hydrogenation tail oil as an example, inventory 41200kg/h, and dilution steam generation is with hydrocarbon raw material weight ratio
0.75, radiant coil out temperature is respectively 555 DEG C and 812 DEG C, inlet and outlet pressure (gauge pressure) be respectively 0.19Mpa and
0.11Mpa.When inventory is adjusted to 80% load, i.e., inventory is 32960kg/h, dilution steam generation and hydrocarbon raw material weight ratio
0.80, radiant coil inlet temperature and inlet and outlet pressure are constant, and 807 DEG C of radiant coil outlet temperature.Fuel is with methane
Based on hydrogen (gas volume fractions 19:1), the different schemes of fuel change are calculated separately, the variation of pyrolysis furnace operating parameter is shown in
Table 1.
Table 1
| Ethane cracking furnace load, % | 100 | 80 | 80 | 80 |
| Inventory, kg/h | 41200 | 32960 | 32960 | 32960 |
| Fuel quantity, kg/s | 1.7596 | 1.3236 | 1.3188 | 1.3140 |
| Fuel ratio, % | 100 | 75.22 | 74.95 | 74.67 |
| Yield of ethene, wt% | 31.19 | 31.29 | 31.32 | 31.31 |
| Propene yield, wt% | 18.95 | 18.86 | 18.83 | 18.84 |
| Triolefin yield, wt% | 57.91 | 57.91 | 57.90 | 57.90 |
| The pyrolysis furnace cycle of operation, day | 56.7 | 63.2 | 64.3 | 63.8 |
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1,100,000 tons of ethane cracking furnaces of an annual output, which includes a convection section and a radiation
Section, radiant section are made of 48 groups of 2-1 type boiler tubes, divide 6 big groups, are arranged in radiant section center, and 36 combustion bottom burners are evenly distributed
In two sides, 48 radiant wall burners are evenly distributed in two sides, two rows arrangement.
Hydrocarbon raw material is by taking certain hydrogenation tail oil as an example, inventory 41200kg/h, and dilution steam generation is with hydrocarbon raw material weight ratio
0.75, radiant coil out temperature is respectively 555 DEG C and 812 DEG C, inlet and outlet pressure (gauge pressure) be respectively 0.19Mpa and
0.11Mpa.When inventory is adjusted to 110% load, i.e., inventory is 45320 kg/h, dilution steam generation and hydrocarbon raw material weight
It is more constant than, radiant coil outlet temperature and inlet and outlet pressure, 575 DEG C of radiant coil inlet temperature.Fuel with methane and
Based on hydrogen (gas volume fractions 19:1), the different schemes of fuel change are calculated separately, the variation of pyrolysis furnace operating parameter is shown in Table
2。
Table 2
| Ethane cracking furnace load, % | 100 | 110 | 110 | 110 |
| Inventory, kg/h | 41200 | 45320 | 45320 | 45320 |
| Fuel quantity, kg/s | 1.7596 | 1.915363 | 1.907794 | 1.89987 |
| Fuel ratio, % | 100 | 108.85 | 108.42 | 107.97 |
| Yield of ethene, wt% | 31.19 | 31.04 | 31.06 | 31.05 |
| Propene yield, wt% | 18.95 | 19.06 | 19.04 | 19.05 |
| Triolefin yield, wt% | 57.91 | 57.88 | 57.88 | 57.88 |
| The pyrolysis furnace cycle of operation, day | 56.7 | 55.2 | 56.6 | 55.9 |
According to the result Tables 1 and 2 of Examples 1 and 2 it is found that the ethane cracking furnace produce load tune provided according to the present invention
Whole optimization method is split hydro carbons in the burning of radiant coil outer fuel, flow of flue gas and pipe using new simulation method
Solution reaction coupling calculates, and can satisfy the pyrolysis furnace actual operating state of different produce loads, can instruct to split with Optimization of Ethylene
The practical operation of furnace is solved, and then realizes the adjustment of ethane cracking furnace produce load and optimizes.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention can be with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, this
A little simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case where shield, can be combined in any appropriate way, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can
No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
The thought of invention, it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of optimization method of ethane cracking furnace produce load adjustment, which is characterized in that method includes the following steps:
Step 1: the geometric model of cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil is established, it is negative based on ethane cracking furnace inventory 100%
Technological parameter in the radiant coil of lotus calculates the fortune in cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil using hydrocarbon cracking reaction model
Row parameter；
Step 2: establishing the geometric model of ethane cracking furnace, the radiant section based on 100% load of ethane cracking furnace inventory
The outer technological parameter of boiler tube, carries out simulation calculating to ethane cracking furnace radiant section pipe exterior domain using Fluid Mechanics Computation method, obtains
Take the operating parameter outside cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil；
Step 3: by the ethane cracking furnace radiant section pipe of calculated result in the cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil of step 1 and step 2
Outer calculated result coupling calculates again, on the basis of the calculated result of step 1, the calculated result of iterative step 2, until radiant section furnace
Operating parameter outside pipe is stablized, and calculated result is exported；
Step 4:, will be described when the inventory in the technological parameter of ethane cracking furnace inventory load is 70%-120% load
Fuel flow rate Q in the technological parameter of ethane cracking furnace inventory load is adjusted to 0.6Q-1.2Q, recalculates step 1 and step
Rapid 2, guarantee that ethane cracking furnace operating parameter better than before load variations, realizes the optimization of ethane cracking furnace produce load adjustment；
Step 5: step 1 calculated result recalculated being coupled with step 2 calculated result, implementation steps 3.
2. optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon cracking in the cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil is anti-
Answering model includes hydro carbons Chemical Reaction Model, heat transfer model, flow model and pressure model.
3. optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the technological parameter packet in the cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil
Include the boiler tube out temperature and pressure and tube coking rate in raw material type, raw material inventory, initial operating stage and latter stage.
4. optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the technological parameter packet outside the cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil
Include fuel flow rate, fuel pressure, fuel temperature, excess air coefficient in combustion air air door size and combustion air.
5. optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the hydrodynamics of the ethane cracking furnace radiant section pipe exterior domain
Method includes combustion model, turbulence model, component delivery model and radiation patterns.
6. optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the ethane cracking furnace operating parameter includes in radiant section pipe
Operating parameter, the operating parameter outside radiant section pipe and the pyrolysis furnace cycle of operation.
7. optimization method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, outside the ethane cracking furnace radiant section pipe
Operating parameter include radiant section flue gas flow field, temperature field, pressure field, radiant coil tube wall temperature, fuel combustion flame temperature
Spend field and flame height.
8. optimization method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, fortune in the cracking of ethylene furnace radiant coil
Capable parameter includes the mass yield of material caloric receptivity and low-carbon alkene product in radiant coil.
9. optimization method according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, as the ethane cracking furnace inventory 80%-
When 110% load, adjusting the fuel quantity in the technological parameter of the ethane cracking furnace inventory load is 0.7Q-1.1Q.
10. optimization method according to claim 9, wherein in step 4, as the ethane cracking furnace inventory 90%-
When 105% load, adjusting the fuel quantity in the technological parameter of the ethane cracking furnace inventory load is 0.8Q-1.05Q.
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| CN108845604B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-11-24 | 常州大学 | Automatic feeding method for ethylene cracking furnace |
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| CN1936908A (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2007-03-28 | 扬子石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for setting up mould of cracking reaction in ethylene cracking furance burning and reacting tube |
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