CN105467441B - PP ripples are carried out with average incident angle gathers and combine AVO inverting devices with PS ripples - Google Patents
PP ripples are carried out with average incident angle gathers and combine AVO inverting devices with PS ripples Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of PP ripples that carried out with average incident angle gathers and combines AVO inverting devices with PS ripples, including the first computing module calculates the compressed coefficient that PS wave pressures are reduced to PP ripple time-domains；The compression module applies the compressed coefficient to PS ripple AVA trace gathers the PS ripple AVA trace gathers for obtaining PP ripple time-domains；Choose the AVA trace gathers that module sorts into PP ripples with the PS ripple AVA trace gathers after compression the first ranges of incidence angles and the second ranges of incidence angles；The respective weighted superposition of the AVA trace gathers of PP ripples and first, second ranges of incidence angles of PS ripples is formed average incident angle gathers by superposition and extraction module, and extracts in same a period of time window the seismic wavelet of PP ripples and PS ripples respectively；Second computing module will log well and push into initial model outside obtained p wave interval velocity, S wave velocities and density, to calculate the reflectance factor of PP ripples and PS ripples, and synthesize with seismic wavelet average incident angle gathers.The present invention passes through, to solve the problem of larger error occurs in the inversion method of prior art presence.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seismic exploration technique field, more particularly to one kind PP ripples and PS ripples are carried out with average incident angle gathers
Joint AVO inverting devices.
Background technology
With deepening continuously for China's oilfield prospecting developing, structural deposit is fewer and fewer, fine and close oil, shale gas, coal
The unconventional petroleum resourceses such as layer gas have become the important directions of exploration.During this, the technological means of seismic prospecting also exists
Constantly development, to tackle increasingly complicated OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION.In many seismic prospecting new technologies, multi-component seismic technology
Obvious advantage is shown in the exploration for solve the problems, such as complicated reservoirs.Substantial amounts of theoretical research shows：Utilize multi-component seismic
Obtained PP ripples carry out joint AVO invertings with PS ripples can provide reliable P- and S-wave velocity and density information, and derive
More reflection formation lithologies are with containing fluidic property parameters, and this largely reduces the multi-solution of seismic interpretation,
New thinking is provided for the prediction of complex reservoir.
The basis of multiwave AVO inversion is by Zoeppritz equation solution fractals, but the form ratio of the equation
It is more complicated, do not provide " explicit " relation between reflectance factor and formation of elastic parameters.So research AVO invertings both at home and abroad
One importance is Zoeppritz equations to be carried out approximately, linear between reflectance factor and formation of elastic parameters to obtain
Relation.Among these, the most frequently used approximate formula is Aki-Richards approximate formulas, and it is the elasticity ginseng in bed boundary both sides
Number to be set up on the basis of the hypothesis of weak contrast, can be used to from reflectance factor directly it is counter push away single interface both sides P- and S-wave velocities with
And variable density amount.The theory is broken through first on compressional wave, and is fully applied in actually exploration.
Although PP ripples combine AVO invertings with PS ripples has obvious advance in theory, sees in practical application
Effect is not obvious.Reason is primarily present in following two aspects：(1) be first the incident angle gathers of PS ripples noise it is poor, drop
The low reliability of joint inversion.AVO invertings need to obtain high-quality prestack trace gather as guarantee, but processing level is still difficult now
There is wider ranges of incidence angles with the AVA trace gathers for ensureing PS ripples, cannot guarantee that the degree of covering of each incidence angle is uniform, letter
Comparison of making an uproar is high.(2) Another reason is that the reflectance factor approximate formula used in inverting is all built upon before the hypothesis of weak contrast
Put, it is impossible to suitable for the bed boundary of high contrast.Many reservoirs, such as coal-bearing strata, non-consolidated sandstone stratum, igneous rock with
Differing greatly for shale formation etc., its elastic parameter and country rock, causes based on Aki-Richards reflectance factor approximate formulas
There is larger error in AVO inversion methods.
The content of the invention
With average incident angle gathers PP ripples, which are carried out, with PS ripples it is a primary object of the present invention to providing one kind combines AVO invertings
Device, to overcome the problem of larger error occurs in known inversion method.
Carry out PP ripples to solve the above problems, provided in an embodiment of the present invention with average incident angle gathers and combine with PS ripples
AVO inverting devices, including the first computing module, compression module, selection module, superposition and extraction module, the second computing module, its
In, first computing module calculates the compressed coefficient that PS wave pressures are reduced to PP ripple time-domains；The compression module, connects described the
One computing module, the compressed coefficient is applied to PS ripple AVA trace gathers the PS ripple AVA trace gathers for obtaining PP ripple time-domains；Institute
State selection module and connect the compression module, PP ripples are sorted into the first ranges of incidence angles with the PS ripple AVA trace gathers after compression
With the AVA trace gathers of the second ranges of incidence angles；The superposition and extraction module connect the selection module, by PP ripples and PS ripples
The AVA trace gathers of first, second ranges of incidence angles each weighted superposition, formation average incident angle gathers, and divide in same a period of time window
The seismic wavelet of PP ripples and PS ripples is indescribably taken, second computing module connects the superposition and extraction module, will logged well
To p wave interval velocity, S wave velocities and density outside push into initial model, to calculate the reflectance factor of PP ripples and PS ripples, and with it is described
Shake wavelet synthesis average incident angle gathers.
Input data used in the present invention is average incident angle gathers, and using a unified object function, by PP
Residual error between ripple and the forward modeling trace gather and real data average incident angle gathers of PS ripples is combined together, to calculate accurate PP
Ripple and PS wave reflection coefficients, carry out Least squares inversion while velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity and density so that institute of the present invention
The parameter of acquisition is more accurate.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the part of the application, this hair
Bright schematic description and description is used to explain the present invention, does not constitute inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b are respectively the PP wave reflections coefficient and PS wave reflection coefficients calculated by Zoeppritz equations
AVO curves；
Fig. 2 is that the PP ripples that carried out with average incident angle gathers according to embodiments of the present invention combine AVO inverting devices with PS ripples
Block diagram；
Fig. 3 is that the PP ripples that carried out with average incident angle gathers according to embodiments of the present invention combine AVO inverting devices with PS ripples
Another block diagram；
Fig. 4 is according to embodiments of the present invention to carry out PP ripples with average incident angle gathers and combine AVO inversion methods with PS ripples
Flow chart；
Fig. 5 is according to embodiments of the present invention to carry out PP ripples with average incident angle gathers and combine AVO inversion methods with PS ripples
Another flow chart；
Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 c are the oscillogram of the AVA trace gathers of PP ripples and PS ripples respectively；
Fig. 6 b, Fig. 6 d are respectively by the oscillogram of the 5 degree of PP constituted with 20 degree of incidence angles ripples and PS radio frequency channel collection；
Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b, Fig. 7 c are respectively PP ripples and 5 degree of inverting devices of the invention with 20 degree of angle gathers of PS ripples and side
The schematic diagram for the result that method inverting is obtained；
Fig. 8 a, Fig. 8 b, Fig. 8 c are the inversion result based on approximate reflectance factor respectively；
Fig. 9 a, Fig. 9 c respectively be add 20% random noise after PP ripples and PS radio frequency channel collection oscillogram；
PP ripples and PS that Fig. 9 b, Fig. 9 d are constituted with 20 degree of incidence angles by 5 degree and added after 20% random noise respectively
The oscillogram of radio frequency channel collection；
Figure 10 a, Figure 10 b, Figure 10 c are respectively 5 degree and 20 degree of angles of PP ripples and PS ripples in the case where adding 20% random noise
The schematic diagram for the result that trace gather is obtained with the inverting device and method inverting of the present invention.
Embodiment
The main thought of the present invention is, is average incident angle gathers based on used input data, and utilizes one
Unified object function, PP ripples are combined with the forward modeling trace gather of PS ripples with the residual error between real data average incident angle gathers
Together, to calculate accurate PP ripples and PS wave reflection coefficients, most young waiter in a wineshop or an inn while velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity and density is carried out
Multiply inverting, and further in refutation process, initial model is changed by successive ignition so that object function reaches minimum, enters
And make it that the parameter that the present invention is obtained is more accurate.
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, to this
Invention is described in further detail.
First, in isotropic medium, when a plane compressional wave oblique incidence is to two media interface, it can produce
Four kinds of ripples, i.e. reflected P-wave, reflection wave, transmitted P-wave and transmitted shear wave, and meet Snell's law (Snell's Law),
As shown in formula (1.1)：
Wherein, p is ray parameter；VP1And VS1Respectively top dielectric P- and S-wave velocity；VP2And VS2Respectively lower floor is situated between
The P- and S-wave velocity of matter；ρ1And ρ2The density of respectively upper and lower layer medium；α1And α2For incident compressional angle (angle of reflection) and transmission
Angle；β1And β2For transverse wave reflection angle and angle of transmission.
It is R to make longitudinal wave reflection coefficientPP, converted shear wave reflectance factor be RPS, compressional wave transmission coefficient be TPPIt is saturating with converted shear wave
Penetrate as TPS, it can be deduced that Ce Pulizi (Zoeppritz) equation group that the displacement amplitude of four ripples should be met, such as formula
(1.2) shown in：
Based on formula (1.2), the elastic parameter of interface media of both sides is provided, numerical solution of linear equations can be passed through
Calculate PP ripples and the accurate reflectance factor of PS ripples.
In order to be verified PP ripples and the small incidence angle and the reflectance factor of one big incidence angle on PS ripple AVO curves
Whether can counter push away the lithology and oil-gas possibility on stratum, establish three kinds of equivalent stratigraphic models, model parameter is such as if combining
Shown in table 1, accurate AVO curves are calculated by formula (1.2) and are shown in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b.Take 5 degree of small incidence angles and 20 degree
Big incidence angle, has picked up PP ripples and the corresponding points in PS wave reflection coefficient curves, such as Fig. 1 a and figure respectively in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b
In 1b shown in dotted line, and " " are subjected to straight line connection at 2 points, it can be seen that：Individually with " 2 points " reflectance factor line of PP ripples
(dotted line in Fig. 1 a) cannot be distinguished by the integrated mode on stratum, especially shale/water saturation sandstone interface and shale/gas saturated sand
Reflectance factor line is closely for " 2 points " at rock interface, it is impossible to distinguish；The only PP ripples " two at limestone/gas saturation sandstone interface
Point " reflectance factor line differs greatly with other two lines.So individually with the average angle of incidence of two angles of PP ripples
Trace gather can not ensure the reliability of AVO invertings.
Fig. 1 b and Fig. 1 a are contrasted, it can be seen that：" 2 points " reflectance factor line (void in Fig. 1 b of independent PS ripples
Line) it is difficult to differentiate between shale/gas saturation sandstone interface and limestone/gas saturation sandstone interface, but the PS ripples at shale/water saturation interface
" 2 points " reflectance factor line shows to differ greatly with other two lines.So being averaged individually with two angles of PS ripples
Incident angle gathers also can not inverting stratum oil-gas possibility truth.But, if being by " 2 points " reflections of PP ripples and PS ripples
Number line is combined, and equivalent to the incident angle gathers for forming four angles, then three kinds of interface types is distinguished can completely
Open.Joint inversion of the conclusion also for PP ripples and the average incident angle gathers of PS ripples provides theoretical foundation.
Average incident angle gathers are each constrained to two angles equivalent to the angle of PP ripples and the AVA trace gathers of PS ripples.Its
In, less average angle of incidence seismic channel be by the small ranges of incidence angles in AVA trace gathers geological data by weighted superposition come
Obtain；Equally, larger average angle of incidence seismic channel is weighted by the geological data of relatively large ranges of incidence angles
It is superimposed to obtain.Many ripple local stacking data of average angle of incidence can be for inverting elastic parameter.In order that obtaining average incident
The amplitude of angle seismic channel can approach the true seismic amplitude of the angle, and the data processing of prestack will be as far as possible using guarantor's width algorithm.
Actual conditions that the selection of average angle of incidence will be gathered according to multi-component earthquake data are selected, but in order to keep PP ripples and PS ripples
The variation tendency of reflectance factor, the large and small average angle of incidence of selection will try one's best difference more greatly, and have in real data processing
There is operability.
Relation meets the P- and S-wave velocity on Gardner formula and interface both sides stratum between velocity of longitudinal wave and density
Rate of change is in the case of, and the optimal average angle of incidence of the independent inverting of PP ripples is 0 degree；The remote offset distance incidence in should selecting of PS ripples
Angle, it is contemplated that the attenuation by absorption on stratum and the factor of NMO stretching rate, 30 degree of average angle of incidence are relatively adapted to the independent of PS ripples
Inverting.But in the joint inversion of PP ripples and PS ripples, the advantage amplitude of PP ripples superposition concentrates on medium and small offset distance, and PS ripples are folded
Plus advantage amplitude concentrate on middle large offseting distance；So 0 degree can not be applied to PP simultaneously with 30 degree of average angle of incidence seismic channel
The inverting of ripple and PS ripples.Because reflectance factor of the PS ripples in 0 degree of incidence angle is 0, joint inversion should select the small of non-zero-degree
Incidence angle, therefore incidence angle is preferably 5 degree.It is compromise to consider that PP ripples have in big incidence angle reflectance factor for big incidence angle
May be smaller, therefore the big incidence angle preferably selection of joint inversion is 20 degree.
The elastic parameter of 1 three kinds of fluid-bearing formations models of table
In addition, in order that obtaining inversion method of the invention be able to will be based on suitable for more extensive formation condition
Zoeppritz equations calculate accurate reflectance factor to carry out the joint inversion of PP ripples and PS ripples, to improve the precision of inverting.It is logical
The joint inversion object function Q of least square method foundation is crossed, shown in such as formula (1.3)：
Q (V)=| | WPP*RPP-DPP||2+||WPS*RPS-DPS||2 (1.3)
Wherein,Respectively actual PP ripples are averagely entering with PS ripples
Firing angle is respectively θ1And θ2Earthquake record vector；WPP、WPSThe seismic wavelet of respectively PP ripples and PS ripples is vectorial,Respectively PP ripples are respectively θ in average angle of incidence with PS ripples1And θ2's
Reflectance factor.V=(VP,VS, ρ) and it is the vector that the formation of elastic parameters of interface both sides is constituted, and have VP=(VP1,VP2)、VS=
(VS1,VS2), ρ=(ρ1,ρ2)。
Taylor expansion, unified matrix formulation shape are carried out near initial model to the reflectance factor vector of PP ripples and PS ripples
Shown in formula such as formula (1.4)：
Wherein, V0The vector constituted for the initial guess of velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity and density, Δ V is initial model
Correction.Make Jacobin matrixFormula (1.4) is substituted into formula (1.3), formula (1.5), following institute can be obtained
Show：
Q (V)=| | WPP*(RPP0+GPPΔV)-DPP||2+||WPS*(RPS0+GPSΔV)-DPS||2 (1.5)
Formula (1.5) is write to the expanded form of matrix as, shown in such as formula (1.6)：
In order that it is minimum to obtain object function Q (V) value, it is desirable to existSo formula (1.6) can turn
Change formula (1.7) into, it is as follows：
Δ V can be further solved, shown in such as formula (1.8)：
Wherein, GPP、GPSThe respectively Jacobin matrix of PP ripples and PS ripples；RPP0、RPS0R is represented respectivelyPP、RPSIn introductory die
The zeroth order of Taylor expansion is carried out at type.By the Δ V in above formula and initial elastic parameter vector V0Enter row vector summation, can obtain
Initial model after to renewal, and the iteration proceeded as described above；When object function Q (V) value is minimum, refutation process knot
Beam.Elastic parameter vector V after renewal0The as inversion result of model.
In actual joint inversion, input be by a series of groups of samples into time series, in formula (1.8)
Vector needs to be extended, with the inverting suitable for time series models.Jacobin matrix G after extensionPPWith GPSWith unified
Shown in form, such as formula (1.9)：
Subscript 1,2 ... n in formula (1.9) represents different time sampling points, RiRepresent the PP of ith sample point position
Ripple or PS wave reflection coefficients,Represent the PP ripples of ith sample point or the reflectance factor of PS ripples with j-th of sampling
The elastic parameter variable quantity of point, and have formula (1.10), it is as follows：
In above formula, the solution of reflectance factor must be carried out the numerical solution of system of linear equations by formula (1.2)；If with
Aki-Richards reflectance factor approximate formulas set up the Jacobin matrix of formula (1.9), then inversion method of the invention is degenerated
For the inversion method based on Aki-Richards reflectance factor approximate formulas.
For the elastic parameter of modification time sampled point simultaneously in an iteration, the average incident angle gathers of PS ripples are necessary
With PP ripples in same time scale, so PS radio frequency channel collection must be compressed on the time of PP ripples.The process can pass through PP
The stacked section of ripple and PS ripples carries out the comparative interpretation of layer position, to obtain the compressed coefficient of different layers position, so as to realize PS ripples
Compression.If the PP ripples of same geological interface and PS wave reflection ripple lineups looks differences are too big, need have enough in work area
Well logging composite traces come aid in complete layer position matching.In addition, seismic wavelet is needed in the compression of PS ripple average angle of incidence trace gather
Extracted again after to the PP ripple times, to ensure the uniformity of seismic wavelet time scale.Because the wavelet type of PP and PS ripples is present
Difference, so PP ripples must extract wavelet respectively with PS ripples is used for inverting.
More than, the correlation formula applied to required for embodiments of the present invention is illustrated generally, it is provided below corresponding
Embodiment is illustrated.Embodiments in accordance with the present invention carry out PP ripples and PS ripples there is provided one kind with average incident angle gathers
Joint AVO inverting devices.
Fig. 2 is that the PP ripples that carried out with average incident angle gathers according to embodiments of the present invention combine AVO inverting devices with PS ripples
Block diagram.The PP ripples that carried out with average incident angle gathers combine AVO invertings device 200 with PS ripples including the first computing module
210th, compression module 220, selection module 230, superposition and extraction module 240, the second computing module 250.
First computing module 210 calculates the compressed coefficient that PS wave pressures are reduced to PP ripple time-domains.
The compression module 220 connects first computing module 210, and the compressed coefficient is applied to PS ripple AVA trace gathers
On obtain the PS ripple AVA trace gathers of PP ripple time-domains.
The selection module 230 connects the compression module 220, and PP ripples are sorted with the PS ripple AVA trace gathers after compression
Into the first ranges of incidence angles and the AVA trace gathers of the second ranges of incidence angles.
The superposition and extraction module 240 connect the selection module 130, and PP ripples are entered with the first, second of PS ripples
The respective weighted superposition of the AVA trace gathers of elevation range, forms average incident angle gathers, and extract respectively in same a period of time window PP ripples with
The seismic wavelet of PS ripples.
Described second calculates 250 pieces of connections of mould superposition and extraction module 240, p wave interval velocity, the S that well logging is obtained
Wave velocity outside density with pushing into initial model, to calculate the reflectance factor of PP ripples and PS ripples, and synthesizes flat with the seismic wavelet
Incident angle gathers.
Fig. 3 is that the PP ripples that carried out with average incident angle gathers according to embodiments of the present invention combine AVO inverting devices with PS ripples
Another block diagram.
The PP ripples that carried out with average incident angle gathers combine AVO invertings device 300 with PS ripples including the first computing module
210th, compression module 220, selection module 230, superposition and extraction module 240, the second computing module 250, the 3rd computing module
310th, judge module 320 and control module 330.Wherein, the first computing module 210, compression module 220, choose module 230, it is folded
Plus and extraction module 240, the annexation of the second computing module 250 and operation, refer to Fig. 2 embodiment, therefore herein no longer
Repeat.
3rd computing module 310 connects second computing module 250, with based on the synthetic seismogram and reality
The average incident angle gathers calculating target function of border data.
The judge module 320 judges whether the object function is less than preset value, to produce judged result.
The control module 330 connects the judge module 320, first computing module 210, compression module 220, choosing
Modulus block 230, superposition and the computing module 250 of extraction module 240 and second, using when the judged result it is small as the object function
Output model modification amount vector when preset value.It is described when the judged result is that the object function is not less than preset value
Control module 330 produces initial model correction, to correct the initial model, and controls first computing module 210, pressure
Contracting module 220, selection module 230, superposition and extraction module 240, the second computing module 250 restart, and pass through successive ignition
Change initial model so that untill object function reaches minimum.
Combine in addition, embodiments in accordance with the present invention carry out PP ripples there is provided one kind with average incident angle gathers with PS ripples
AVO inversion methods.
Fig. 4 is according to embodiments of the present invention to carry out PP ripples with average incident angle gathers and combine AVO inversion methods with PS ripples
Flow chart.
Step S402, calculates the compressed coefficient that PS wave pressures are reduced to PP ripple time-domains.
Step S404, the compressed coefficient is applied to PS ripple AVA trace gathers the PS ripple AVA roads for obtaining PP ripple time-domains
Collection so that the average incident angle gathers and PP ripples of PS ripples are in same time scale.
Step S406, the first ranges of incidence angles and the second incidence angle are sorted into by PP ripples with the PS ripple AVA trace gathers after compression
The AVA trace gathers of scope.Wherein, the first ranges of incidence angles is different from the second ranges of incidence angles, that is, the first ranges of incidence angles is less than
Second ranges of incidence angles, or the first ranges of incidence angles are more than the second ranges of incidence angles.
Step S408, the respective weighted superposition of the AVA trace gathers of PP ripples and first, second ranges of incidence angles of PS ripples is formed
Average incident angle gathers, and the seismic wavelet of PP ripples and PS ripples is extracted in same a period of time window respectively.
Push into initial model outside step S410, obtained p wave interval velocity, S wave velocities and the density of logging well, with calculate PP ripples and
The reflectance factor of PS ripples, and synthesize average incident angle gathers with the seismic wavelet.Wherein, the reflectance factor example of PP ripples and PS ripples
Such as solved according to formula (1.2).
Fig. 5 is according to embodiments of the present invention to carry out PP ripples with average incident angle gathers and combine AVO inversion methods with PS ripples
Another flow chart.
Step S402, calculates the compressed coefficient that PS wave pressures are reduced to PP ripple time-domains.
Step S404, the compressed coefficient is applied to PS ripple AVA trace gathers the PS ripple AVA roads for obtaining PP ripple time-domains
Collection so that the average incident angle gathers and PP ripples of PS ripples are in same time scale.
Step S406, the first ranges of incidence angles and the second incidence angle are sorted into by PP ripples with the PS ripple AVA trace gathers after compression
The AVA trace gathers of scope.Wherein, the first ranges of incidence angles is different from the second ranges of incidence angles, that is, the first ranges of incidence angles is less than
Second ranges of incidence angles, or the first ranges of incidence angles are more than the second ranges of incidence angles
Step S408, the respective weighted superposition of the AVA trace gathers of PP ripples and first, second ranges of incidence angles of PS ripples is formed
Average incident angle gathers, and the seismic wavelet of PP ripples and PS ripples is extracted in same a period of time window respectively.
Push into initial model outside step S410, obtained p wave interval velocity, S wave velocities and the density of logging well, with calculate PP ripples and
The reflectance factor of PS ripples, and synthesize average incident angle gathers with the seismic wavelet.Wherein, the reflectance factor example of PP ripples and PS ripples
Such as solved according to formula (1.2).
Step S502, the average incident angle gathers calculating target function based on the synthetic seismogram and real data.
Wherein, the object function can be solved using formula (1.3).
Step S504, judges that whether the object function is less than preset value, and produce judged result.
Step S506, when the judged result is that the object function is less than preset value, output model modification amount vector.
Step S508, when the judged result is that the object function produces initial model amendment when not being less than preset value
Amount, to correct the initial model, and returns to step S410, repeats said process, stop when object function reaches minimum.Its
In, the initial model correction is formula (1.8), can be solved by formula (1.3)~(1.7).
In order to verify that the inverting device and method of the present invention contains lamellate stratigraphic model, wherein model there is provided one kind
Parameter is as shown in table 2, the 3rd layer of thinner thickness, and is differed greatly with the elastic parameter of country rock, and it is pushed up, bottom interface is strong anti-
Poor interface；Other bed boundaries are weak contrast interface.Composite traces is to be based on accurate reflectance factor mould with ray tracing
Plan is obtained.The seismic wavelet of PP ripples and PS ripples is respectively set to 40Hz and 30Hz Ricker wavelet, and sample rate is 1ms；PS ripples
Reflection interval be compressed on the PP ripple times.
Fig. 6 a, 6c are the oscillogram of the AVA trace gathers of PP ripples and PS ripples respectively, and Fig. 6 b, 6d are respectively by 5 degree and 20 degree of incidence angles
The PP ripples of composition and the oscillogram of PS radio frequency channel collection.Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b, Fig. 7 c are respectively 5 degree and 20 degree of angle gathers of PP ripples and PS ripples
The schematic diagram of the result obtained with the inverting device and method inverting of the present invention.Wherein, label 701 is initial model curve, mark
Numbers 702 be that true model curve, label 703 are average incident angle gathers joint inversion curve.
Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7b, Fig. 7c can be seen that：In the case where initial model does not have any interface to change, based on accurate anti-
The inverting device and method for penetrating coefficient results in inversion result with true model closely；Especially the 3rd layer of thin layer,
Inversional curve is matched preferably in the mutation of interface location with true model.On the whole, compared with true model, of the invention is anti-
Drill device and method and obtain model curve and slightly have that some are smooth in the position that formation of elastic parameters is mutated, but error is little.
Fig. 8 a, Fig. 8 b, Fig. 8 c are the inversion results based on approximate reflectance factor.Wherein, label 801 is that initial model is bent
Line, label 802 is true model curve, and label 802 is average incident angle gathers joint inversion curve.Fig. 8 a, Fig. 8 b, Fig. 8 c with
Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7b, Fig. 7c contrasts are visible：Inverting based on approximate reflectance factor could not reflect the true of formation of elastic parameters well
Changing rule；On the interface of weak contrast, its resultant error is also larger, especially the 2nd layer of velocity of longitudinal wave inversion result
Obvious less than normal, density is substantially bigger than normal.The result of above-mentioned numerical analysis shows：For some elastic parameter contrasts are larger, thickness compared with
Thin stratum, it is necessary to which AVO invertings are carried out using accurate reflectance factor；Even for the stratum of weak contrast, based on Zoeppritz
The precision of the AVO invertings of equation accurate reflection coefficient is also higher.
After the random noise that 20% is added in earthquake record, shadow of the test noise to the inverting device and method of the present invention
Ring.As shown in Fig. 9 b, 9d, 5 degree are used with 20 degree of average angle of incidence seismic channels on the basis of the AVA trace gathers made an uproar (Fig. 9 a, 9c) are added
Incidence angle is that the seismic channel and incidence angle of 0-10 degree are that weighted superposition is obtained respectively for the seismic channel of 15-25 degree.With the present invention's
Inverting device and method carries out being based on Zoeppritz equation accurate reflections system to AVA trace gathers and average incident angle gathers respectively
Several invertings, as shown in Figure 10 a, Figure 10 b, Figure 10 c, average incident angle gathers inverting knot 1001 and AVA trace gather inversion results
1003 all very close to true model 1002；But, the noise amplitude of AVA trace gathers inversion result 1003 is better than average incident angle gathers
Inverting knot 1001.So, the direct inversion of AVA trace gathers is compared, and carrying out inverting with average incident angle gathers has stronger anti-noise
Property.
In summary, technique according to the invention scheme, the input data of use is average incident angle gathers, and utilizes one
Individual unified object function, PP ripples are combined with the forward modeling trace gather of PS ripples with the residual error between real data average incident angle gathers
Together, to calculate accurate PP ripples and PS wave reflection coefficients, carry out minimum while velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity and density
Two multiply inverting, and further in refutation process, initial model is changed by successive ignition so that object function reaches minimum,
And then make it that the parameter that the present invention is obtained is more accurate.
Embodiments of the invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Any modification within the spirit and principles of the invention, being made,
Equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included within scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (2)
1. one kind, which carries out PP ripples with average incident angle gathers, combines AVO inverting devices, including the first computing module, compression with PS ripples
Module, selection module, superposition and extraction module, the second computing module, wherein, first computing module calculates PS wave pressures and is reduced to
The compressed coefficient of PP ripple time-domains；The compression module connects first computing module, by the compressed coefficient using extremely
The PS ripple AVA trace gathers of PP ripple time-domains are obtained in PS ripple AVA trace gathers；The selection module connects the compression module, by PP
Ripple sorts into the AVA trace gathers of the first ranges of incidence angles and the second ranges of incidence angles with the PS ripple AVA trace gathers after compression；The superposition
And extraction module connects the selection module, and PP ripples and the AVA trace gathers of first, second ranges of incidence angles of PS ripples are each added
Power superposition, forms average incident angle gathers, and extract in same a period of time window the seismic wavelet of PP ripples and PS ripples, described second respectively
Computing module connects the superposition and extraction module, is pushed into outside obtained p wave interval velocity, S wave velocities and the density that will log well initial
Model, to calculate the reflectance factor of PP ripples and PS ripples, so that carry out PP ripples combines AVO invertings with PS ripples.
2. the PP ripples according to claim 1 that carried out with average incident angle gathers combine AVO inverting devices, its feature with PS ripples
It is, in addition to the 3rd computing module, judge module and control module, wherein, the 3rd computing module connection described second
Computing module, with based on the seismic wavelet and the average incident angle gathers calculating target function, the judge module connection
3rd computing module, to judge that whether the object function is less than preset value, and produce judged result, the control module
Connect the judge module, first computing module, the compression module, the selection module, the superposition and extract mould
Block, second computing module, using the output model modification amount when the judged result is less than preset value as the object function
Vector, and when the judged result is to produce initial model correction when the object function is not less than preset value, to correct
Initial model is stated, and controls first computing module, the compression module, the selection module, the superposition and extracts mould
Block, second computing module restarting.
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