CN105463987A - Modularized, large-corner and multi-way displacement extension device and bridge - Google Patents
Modularized, large-corner and multi-way displacement extension device and bridge Download PDFInfo
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- CN105463987A CN105463987A CN201511024785.7A CN201511024785A CN105463987A CN 105463987 A CN105463987 A CN 105463987A CN 201511024785 A CN201511024785 A CN 201511024785A CN 105463987 A CN105463987 A CN 105463987A
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- comb plate
- stretching device
- modularization
- plate assembly
- directional deflection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/06—Arrangement, construction or bridging of expansion joints
- E01D19/065—Joints having sliding plates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an extension device for buildings, and provides a modularized, large-corner and multi-way displacement extension device. The modularized, large-corner and multi-way displacement extension device comprises a joint across beam and one or more comb plate components, wherein joint across beam comprises a supporting panel, and one or more cambered surface bearing plates are arranged on each of two sides of the joint across beam; one or more comb plate components are arranged on at one side or two sides of the joint across beam, and two adjacent comb plate components are connected through a rigid elastic member; the joint across beam and the adjacent comb plate components are connected through one or more rigid hinges. The invention further provides a bridge, and the bridge comprises the extension device. The joint across beam of the extension device disclosed by the invention can be adaptable to influence caused by vertical large corners and horizontal translation, and the comb plate components can eliminate influence caused by extension changes generated in the direction of crossing a structural joint and a level angle perpendicular to the crossing direction, and three-direction displacement, extension and rotation caused by temperature, wind power and loads of the bridge can be met, a continuous traffic bearing surface can be provided for driving a vehicle, and the effects of noise reduction and vibration prevention are good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bridge and other building stretching devices, particularly relate to a kind of modularization, large corner, multi-directional deflection stretching device and bridge.
Background technology
Stretching device is the key position in bridge member, is realizing playing an important role in bridge function.Common bridge extension joint has board-like Telescopic rubber device, shaped steel modular expansion device, the board-like stretching device of comb etc.
Bridge is in construction with in operation process, and the effect such as can be subject to car load, bridge own material shrinkage and creep, foundation settlement, wind carry, causes bridge beam end to be out of shape.Bridge construction is sewn on 6 degree of freedom directions and all there is spatial movement (displacement in XYZ tri-directions and torsion) in various degree, thus causes the space operations such as extruding, stretching, torsion, dislocation, sedimentation to the stretching device being installed on bridge beam end.
Shaped steel modular expansion device in existing market, the longitudinal extension gap existing for it is large, flexible uneven, impact force is concentrated, it is comparatively outstanding to jump the phenomenons such as car is serious, concrete is frangible, extensible member spoilage is high, fabricating cost is large, the design preformed groove degree of depth is dark.Particularly to suspension bridge, cable stayed bridge, and tiltedly, curved bridge, because bridge construction unavoidably exists multidirectional displacement, therefore in use procedure, seriously expose the defect of inadaptable transverse direction and multi-directional deflection requirement.And requiring high to vertical deformation, vertical, horizontal conjugates large cable stayed bridge, suspension bridge etc., and modular expansion device for bridge is then difficult to the requirement meeting its multi-directional deflection.
And conventional expansion joint of comb plate, the requirement of bridge beam body vertical corner can not be met.When beam body stand under load sink beam-ends upwarp there is corner time, the comb plate of traditional comb plate class stretching device can tilt with beam-ends corner, the tooth bar of tilting and bring hidden danger to traffic safety, meanwhile, can produce comb fracture after vehicle spreading, and anchoring such as to pull at the phenomenon.And rubber tile bottom comb plate, comb joint vehicle by time deform, rubbish invades bottom comb plate, causes comb to upwarp, and anchor bolt is stressed bending, finally causes single unit system early ageing to destroy.Further, the anchor structure of the device form implanting erection bolt that adopts is installed more, uses the middle device anchor structure that is hit easily loosen and cause last anchor structure to pull.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of modularization, large corner, multi-directional deflection stretching device, be intended to easily be affected by the external environment be unfavorable for the problem of traffic safety for solving existing stretching device.
The present invention is achieved in that
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of modularization, large corner, multi-directional deflection stretching device, comprise across structural joint across seam beam and at least one comb plate assembly, described comprising across seam beam can across the supporting faceplate of described structural joint, described across seam beam in the both sides of described structural joint be provided with supporting respectively described across seam Liangqi in an end and at least one cambered surface rotating supporting seat board, the described at least side across seam beam is all disposed with comb plate assembly described at least one along the direction away from described structural joint, and described in adjacent two, between comb plate assembly, all adopt rigid body elastic component to connect, described across seam beam with and its described comb plate assembly be close between be connected by least one rigid hinge.
Further, also comprise pre-buried two piece of first steel plate be embedded in concrete, two described first steel plates lay respectively at the both sides of described structural joint, and each described cambered surface supporting seat board and each described comb plate assembly lay respectively on described first steel plate of respective side.
Further, the first steel plate described in two all has at least one anchor bar extended straight down in the described concrete of correspondence.
Further, between adjacent two described comb plate assemblies, described across seam beam and and its described comb plate assembly be close between be also all connected with can the superimposed sliding panel of level, described sliding panel is positioned at directly over the described rigid body elastic component of correspondence.
Further, the upper surface in each described sliding panel is all perfused with asphalt material or fluid sealant, and the surface of described asphalt material or described fluid sealant is not higher than the upper surface of described supporting faceplate.
Further, described first steel plate with described comb plate assembly is provided with seat board under comb plate assembly, and under described comb plate assembly, seat board lays elasticity laminated rubber bearing, on described elasticity laminated rubber bearing, also tiling has stainless steel second steel plate, and the base plate of each described comb plate assembly all slides and is arranged on described second steel plate.
Particularly, comb plate assembly described in each comprises the web being positioned at the panel of same plane, the base plate of horizontal supporting with described supporting faceplate and being connected described panel and described base plate, adopts described rigid body elastic component to connect between adjacent two described webs.
Further, also there is at least one the anchoring arm-tie extended horizontally in corresponding described concrete.
Further, also comprise the waterproof roll across described structural joint, described waterproof roll is positioned at described across immediately below seam beam.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of bridge, comprise two abutments and at least one beam body, also comprise the modularization multi-directional deflection stretching device that at least one is above-mentioned, described in each, modularization, wide-angle, multi-directional deflection stretching device are installed between adjacent described abutment or described beam body, and each described modularization between adjacent two described abutments or described beam body, wide-angle, multi-directional deflection stretching device are arranged side by side along direction across bridge.
Particularly, each described modularization of direction across bridge, wide-angle, multi-directional deflection stretching device are of a size of 1m, 1.5m or 2m, and have the gap of 2-5mm between adjacent two described modularizations, wide-angle, multi-directional deflection stretching device.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Stretching device of the present invention, form by across seam beam and at least one comb plate assembly two large divisions, at least side across seam beam is provided with this comb plate assembly, and adopt rigid hinge to connect between the two, support seat board across seam beam by cambered surface to support, thus make can adapt to across seam beam the impact that the large corner of vertical direction and horizontal direction translation produce, comb plate assembly and rigid body elastic component then can eliminate the telescopic variation that produces across structural joint direction and perpendicular to the impact across direction level angle.When stretching device is applied on bridge, three direction displacement that bridge causes due to temperature, wind-force, load, flexible and rotate can be adapted to, continuous print traffic bearing surface can be provided for driving, drive a vehicle smooth-going, noise reduction, vibration-isolating effect are good, have good water resistance and excretory system simultaneously, and anti seismic efficiency is good, and this stretching device long service life, can significantly improve travel safety and comfortableness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
The structural representation of the modularization that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, wide-angle, multi-directional deflection stretching device;
Fig. 2 is comb plate assembly and the structural representation be fixedly connected with of the modularization of Fig. 1, wide-angle, multi-directional deflection stretching device;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation across seam beam direction across bridge of the modularization of Fig. 1, wide-angle, multi-directional deflection stretching device;
Fig. 4 is the top view of the modularization of Fig. 1, wide-angle, multi-directional deflection stretching device.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
See Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of modularization, wide-angle, multi-directional deflection stretching device, comprise can across structural joint across seam beam 11 and at least one comb plate assembly 12, be specially and comprise supporting faceplate 111 across seam beam 11, supporting faceplate 111 is horizontally disposed with and across structural joint, its upper surface is that plane can travel for vehicle, at least one cambered surface supporting seat board 112 is provided with in the both sides of structural joint across seam beam 11, two groups are divided into by cambered surface supporting seat board 112, be respectively used to support two ends across seam beam 11, the below of supporting faceplate 111 has at least two at least two the direction across bridge stiffening ribs 113 arranged to stiffening rib 114 and edge perpendicular to travel direction along bridge arranged along travel direction, suitable bridge is the structure of falling T-shape to stiffening rib 114, enclose the supporting beam lattice system being formed and close to stiffening rib 114 and direction across bridge stiffening rib 113 along bridge, each cambered surface supporting seat board 112 is all arranged at the below across seam beam 11, two groups of cambered surfaces supporting seat board 112 supports two ends across seam beam 11 respectively, cambered surface supporting seat board 112 makes under external force can large vertical corner on adaptation level direction translational and vertical direction across seam beam 11 part.And in this stretching device 1, at least side place across seam beam 11 is provided with at least one comb plate assembly 12, namely when comb plate assembly 12 is one, wherein side across seam beam 11 is provided with this comb plate assembly 12, and when comb plate assembly 12 is multiple, every side then across seam beam 11 is provided with comb plate assembly 12, and each comb plate assembly 12 of every side all sets gradually along the direction away from structural joint, rigid body elastic component 13 is adopted to connect between adjacent two comb plate assemblies 12, across seam beam 11 and the comb plate assembly 12 adjacent with it between be then be connected by least one rigid hinge 115.Therefore, stretching device 1 changes along across the telescopic displacement on structural joint direction, shared is carried out mainly through each comb plate assembly 12, and rigid body elastic component 13 is as the connector between the comb plate assembly 12 with certain rigidity, under the prerequisite not affecting comb plate assembly 12 longitudinal extension change in displacement, the stability of comb plate assembly 12 can be ensured again, certain torsion moment of flexure can be born again simultaneously, increase the adaptation of stretching device 1 pair of structural joint both sides twisting force.Meanwhile, whole stretching device 1 connects into an entirety by rigid body elastic component 13, and rigid body elastic component 13 can play the effect of damping, thus increases the anti-seismic performance of structural joint.And adopt rigid hinge 115 to connect across seam beam 11 and comb plate assembly 12, make across comb plate assembly 12 part that constructively position relatively independent of seam beam 11 with both sides, it can increase substantially the compliance of stretching device 1 pair of structural joint both sides concrete vertical corner, the large bridge that this feature is higher to deck-molding, especially the structural joint of combined bridge is particularly suitable.
Specifically see Fig. 1, optimize above-described embodiment, for increasing convenience and Fast Installation, the repairing ability of stretching device 1 construction and installation, stretching device 1 also includes and is installed on the first steel plate 14 that mounting groove top reserved by structural joint both sides concrete, cambered surface supporting seat board 112 and each comb plate assembly 12 are all positioned at above two first steel plates 14, and two the first steel plates 14 all have at least one anchor bar 141 vertically extended in corresponding concrete.In the present embodiment, when supporting faceplate 111 is subject to the wheel impacts masterpiece used time, impact load can be passed to two pre-buried first steel plates 14 by stretching device 1, concrete is passed to again by each anchor bar 141 of two the first steel plates 14, force path is simple, clear and definite, arranging of the first pre-buried steel plate 14 can uniform diffusion impact load, greatly strengthen the impact resistance of stretching device 1, avoids the concrete destruction in local near stretching device 1.
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, continue to optimize above-described embodiment, also being connected with between two adjacent comb plate assemblies 12 can the superimposed sliding panel 16 of level, each sliding panel 16 is all positioned at directly over corresponding rigid body elastic component 13, and for being slidably connected between each adjacent sliding panel 16, certainly across seam beam 11 and and its comb plate assembly 12 be close between be also connected with sliding panel 16, it is positioned in rigid hinge 115.In the present embodiment, two adjacent comb plate assemblies 12 have spacing, and this spacing meets the code requirement of relevant stretching device 1, sliding panel 16 is provided with directly over rigid body elastic component 13, when then producing the telescopic displacement in horizontal direction at stretching device 1, sliding panel 16 can the slip that is staggered with the telescopic displacement of rigid body elastic component 13.For said structure, be perfused with pitch oil and tallow or fluid sealant 17, be perfused with the surface of pitch oil and tallow or fluid sealant 17 not higher than the upper surface of supporting faceplate 111, after perfusion, plasticity body is spill.This design can adapt to comb plate assembly 12 telescopic displacement, during extension, pitch oil and tallow or fluid sealant 17 form concave surface, during compression, concave surface is tending towards smooth, to form the sealing to chamber between each sliding panel 16 with corresponding comb plate assembly 12, the ponding above stretching device 1 is difficult to infiltrate in it.
See Fig. 2, further, stretching device 1 has at least one the anchoring arm-tie 142 extended horizontally in corresponding concrete.Stretching device 1 also comprises two supporting side plates 15 vertically arranged, each anchoring arm-tie 142 welds with corresponding supporting side plate 15, and each supporting side plate 15 and the cambered surface of respective side support seat board 112 and comb plate assembly 12 times seat boards are fixedly connected with, each anchoring arm-tie 142 has certain thickness, its entirety is all horizontally embedded in concrete, can weld with the reserved steel bar in concrete, it can improve the anchorage effect of stretching device 1 in concrete further, strengthens the impact resistance of stretching device 1.Further, two-side supporting side plate 15 is welded with fixing bracket 151, comb plate assembly 12 near supporting side plate 15 is bascule, and being specially the following faceplate part of this comb plate assembly 12 is bascule, and it is connected with fixing bracket 152 by Anti-off bolt 151.Its role is to, by the setting of the panel 121a of this activity, make stretching device 1 in the unbroken situation of bottom anchor system, undertaken keeping in repair, changing or maintenance by opening drop front 121a, thus reach the object of rapid rush-repair, also can reduce maintenance difficulty simultaneously, save maintenance cost.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, particularly, the structure of refinement comb plate assembly 12, each comb plate assembly 12 includes panel 121, the web 123 of base plate 122 and connection panel 121 and base plate 122, panel 121 is horizontally disposed with and is positioned at same plane with across the supporting faceplate 111 stitching beam 11, base plate 122 is also in level, the panel 121 of each comb plate assembly 12 all has some tooth bars of horizontal-extending, the tooth bar of the panel 121 between adjacent two comb plate assemblies 12 staggers setting, and adopt rigid body elastic component 13 to connect between adjacent two webs 123.In the present embodiment, web 123 is arranged along the travel direction perpendicular to vehicle, each rigid body elastic component 13 connects two adjacent webs 123 along travel direction, rigid body elastic component 13 can adopt bolt with the connection of web 123 or weld, thus make each comb plate assembly 12 across seam beam 11 the same side as a whole, and the panel 121 of each comb plate assembly 12 and the running bearing surface jointly forming stretching device 1 across the supporting faceplate 111 stitching beam 11.Usually, first steel plate 14 with comb plate assembly 12 is provided with comb plate assembly 12 times seat boards 124, and this comb plate assembly 12 times seat boards 124 weld or bolt is fixed on the first steel plate 14 of this side during construction and installation, also weld with the supporting side plate 15 of this side simultaneously, then be installed on elasticity laminated rubber bearing 18 thereon, and on elasticity laminated rubber bearing 18 also tiling have the second steel plate 181, it is stainless steel, and each base plate 122 of each comb plate assembly 12 all slides and is arranged on the second steel plate 181.The elasticity laminated rubber bearing 18 under each described comb plate assembly, seat board 124 laid, by chrominance signal in horizontal plane, adapts between beam body due to torque influence that the reasons such as differential settlement cause.
Further, stretching device 1 also includes the waterproof roll 19 across structural joint, and this waterproof roll 19 is positioned at across immediately below seam beam 11.In the present embodiment, structural joint is installed across before seam beam 11 or comb plate assembly 12, first lay waterproof roll 19 at the both sides concrete of structural joint, waterproof roll 19 is fixed on the concrete of structural joint both sides by buckle or glue.
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of bridge, comprise two abutments 2 and at least one beam body, structural joint is formed between adjacent two beam bodies or between beam body and abutment 2, bridge also comprises at least one above-mentioned stretching device 1, each stretching device 1 across seam beam 11 be across on this structural joint, be girder construction across seam beam 11 entirety, when structural joint span increases, only need suitably to increase the structure height across seam beam 11, the thickness of supporting faceplate 111 is constant, to increase the method for supporting faceplate 111 rigidity completely different by increasing panel construction thickness for this kind of design more conventional comb plate seam, for 1200mm seam, the plate thickness of conventional comb plate assembly reaches 140mm, and the thickness of this stretching device 1 supporting faceplate 111 is not by the impact that structural joint increases across footpath.Therefore, when structural joint span increases, the present invention significantly can save material, and economy is good.When different bridges, bridge wide inconsistent time, only need bridge direction across bridge that multiple stretching device 1 is set, each stretching device 1 splices successively, there is between two adjacent stretching devices 1 gap of 2-5mm, and usually, be of a size of 1m, 1.5m or 2m along each stretching device 1 of direction across bridge.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a modularization, large corner, multi-directional deflection stretching device, comprise across structural joint across seam beam and at least one comb plate assembly, it is characterized in that: described comprising across seam beam can across the supporting faceplate of described structural joint, described across seam beam in the both sides of described structural joint be provided with supporting respectively described across seam Liangqi in an end and at least one cambered surface rotating supporting seat board, the described at least side across seam beam is all disposed with comb plate assembly described at least one along the direction away from described structural joint, and described in adjacent two, between comb plate assembly, all adopt rigid body elastic component to connect, described across seam beam with and its described comb plate assembly be close between be connected by least one rigid hinge.
2. modularization as claimed in claim 1, large corner, multi-directional deflection stretching device, it is characterized in that: also comprise pre-buried two piece of first steel plate be embedded in concrete, two described first steel plates lay respectively at the both sides of described structural joint, and each described cambered surface supporting seat board and each described comb plate assembly lay respectively on described first steel plate of respective side.
3. modularization as claimed in claim 2, large corner, multi-directional deflection stretching device, is characterized in that: the first steel plate described in two all has at least one anchor bar extended straight down in the described concrete of correspondence.
4. modularization as claimed in claim 1, large corner, multi-directional deflection stretching device, it is characterized in that: between adjacent two described comb plate assemblies, described across seam beam and and its described comb plate assembly be close between be also all connected with can the superimposed sliding panel of level, described sliding panel is positioned at directly over the described rigid body elastic component of correspondence.
5. modularization as claimed in claim 4, large corner, multi-directional deflection stretching device, it is characterized in that: the upper surface in each described sliding panel is all perfused with asphalt material or fluid sealant, the surface of described asphalt material or described fluid sealant is not higher than the upper surface of described supporting faceplate.
6. modularization as claimed in claim 2, large corner, multi-directional deflection stretching device, it is characterized in that: described first steel plate with described comb plate assembly is provided with seat board under comb plate assembly, and under described comb plate assembly, seat board lays elasticity laminated rubber bearing, on described elasticity laminated rubber bearing, also tiling has stainless steel second steel plate, and the base plate of each described comb plate assembly all slides and is arranged on described second steel plate.
7. modularization as claimed in claim 1, large corner, multi-directional deflection stretching device, it is characterized in that: comb plate assembly described in each comprises the web being positioned at the panel of same plane, the base plate of horizontal supporting with described supporting faceplate and being connected described panel and described base plate, adopts described rigid body elastic component to connect between adjacent two described webs.
8. modularization as claimed in claim 1, large corner, multi-directional deflection stretching device, is characterized in that: also have at least one the anchoring arm-tie extended horizontally in corresponding described concrete.
9. modularization as claimed in claim 1, large corner, multi-directional deflection stretching device, is characterized in that: also comprise the waterproof roll across described structural joint, and described waterproof roll is positioned at described across immediately below seam beam.
10. a bridge, comprise two abutments and at least one beam body, it is characterized in that: also comprise at least one modularization multi-directional deflection stretching device as described in any one of claim 1-9, described in each, modularization, wide-angle, multi-directional deflection stretching device are installed between adjacent described abutment or described beam body, and each described modularization between adjacent two described abutments or described beam body, wide-angle, multi-directional deflection stretching device are arranged side by side along direction across bridge.
11. bridges as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that: each described modularization of direction across bridge, wide-angle, multi-directional deflection stretching device are of a size of 1m, 1.5m or 2m, and between adjacent two described modularizations, wide-angle, multi-directional deflection stretching device, there is the gap of 2-5mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511024785.7A CN105463987B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | Modularization, big corner, multi-directional deflection retractor device and bridge |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511024785.7A CN105463987B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | Modularization, big corner, multi-directional deflection retractor device and bridge |
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| CN105463987A true CN105463987A (en) | 2016-04-06 |
| CN105463987B CN105463987B (en) | 2017-11-28 |
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| CN201511024785.7A Active CN105463987B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | Modularization, big corner, multi-directional deflection retractor device and bridge |
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| CN105926432A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-09-07 | 陕西鸿博百川工程材料有限公司 | Standardized unit-type self-adaptive comb plate shaped expansion device and installation method thereof |
| CN107326803A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-07 | 安徽省交通规划设计研究总院股份有限公司 | The scattered displacement expansion joint of tandem |
| CN107401115A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-28 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Double articulated body systems bridge extension joint |
| CN112281645A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 南通大学 | Unit beam type multidirectional displacement telescopic device |
| CN114960414A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-08-30 | 湖北恋桥交通工程有限公司 | Modulus formula bridge telescoping device |
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| CN107401115A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-28 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Double articulated body systems bridge extension joint |
| CN112281645A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 南通大学 | Unit beam type multidirectional displacement telescopic device |
| CN114960414A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-08-30 | 湖北恋桥交通工程有限公司 | Modulus formula bridge telescoping device |
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|---|---|
| CN105463987B (en) | 2017-11-28 |
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