CN105457994A - Process for remediation of heavy metal copper contaminated soil - Google Patents
Process for remediation of heavy metal copper contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN105457994A CN105457994A CN201510941810.1A CN201510941810A CN105457994A CN 105457994 A CN105457994 A CN 105457994A CN 201510941810 A CN201510941810 A CN 201510941810A CN 105457994 A CN105457994 A CN 105457994A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for remediation of heavy metal copper contaminated soil. The process comprises the following steps: (1) improving soil, namely adding humic acid into the heavy metal Cu contaminated soil; (2) planting plants, namely planting hyperaccumulators in the heavy metal Cu contaminated soil which is treated in the step (1). The remediation process disclosed by the invention is capable of realizing interaction and co-evolution of soil-microorganism-plant during an ecological remediation process, so the ecology of the soil is obviously improved and restored.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heavy metals mining area copper (Cu) contaminated soil restoration of the ecosystem field, be specifically related to castor-oil plant repairs heavy metals mining area Cu contaminated soil technique as hyperaccumulative plant.
Background technology
Mining and the developing rapidly of smelting industry, promoted economic fast development, caused the heavy metal pollution of mining and metallurgy enterprise surrounding area soil simultaneously.China is rich in mineral resources, and with exploiting year after year, slag, the industrial wastewaters such as ore dressing, smelting and plating are constantly discharged in surrounding environment, cause the heavy metal pollutions such as Soil Surrounding Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Hg, As serious.Compared with other pollutants, heavy metal pollution has that disguise, toxicity are large, the feature of chronicity and irreversibility.Therefore, heavy metal pollution of soil control is difficult point and the focus of agricultural environment research in the world always.
Traditional methods for curing heavy metal contamination in soil is physical chemistry restorative procedure, mainly comprises soil moved in improve the original method, chemical flush method, chemical fixation, electrochemical process, dynamic electric repairing method etc.Traditional physical chemistry repairing method is poor for the reparation applicability of heavy metal and radioactive material contamination, fundamentally can not solve large-area Soil Environmental Pollution problem.In recent years, there is a kind of method carrying out rehabilitating soil pollution with plant, the method because cost is low, respond well, not welding and receiving pay close attention to widely, become one of focus of contaminated soil remediation research, the improvement for mining soil heavy metal provides new method.In recent years found a kind of new Cu hyperaccumulative plant-castor-oil plant at Daye, hubei Province Tonglushan Mine, compared to the copper such as elsholtzia splendens, dayflower hyperaccumulative plant, it is large that castor-oil plant has biomass, and the advantage that economic worth height etc. are incomparable has wide Research Prospects.In plant cell, cell membrane contains a large amount of celluloses, and pectin and protein have very high affinity to Cu, and the deposition of cell membrane heavy metal also prevents excessive Cu to enter protoplast.In plant, often there are metallothionein, free amino acid, organic acid etc. to be combined with Cu, thus reach the object alleviated or remove Cu and poison.But Mining Wasteland ore deposit, for plant is settled down, is a kind of extreme habitat, the natural processor establishment of plant in discarded ground is extremely slow, and reach good enrichment often needs for a long time.Humic acid has the functions such as absorption, chela (network) conjunction, ion-exchange, redox, can regulate and control and improve the physicochemical properties of soil, improve soil organic matter content, regulate soil pH value, keep the nutrient dynamics balance of soil the best, improve soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation, permeability, repairing heavy metal in soil pollutes, and forms the soil environment of suitable for plant growth.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the defect overcoming above-mentioned prior art, the bacteria's numbers and species in the mining area Cu contaminated soil after can promoting exploitation is provided, reduce heavy metal Cu pollution, improve ecological environment of soil, accelerate the technique that the castor-oil plant of reparation speed repairs mining area Cu contaminated soil.
The technique of remediating heavy metal Cu contaminated soil provided by the invention, comprises the steps:
1) soil is improved: in heavy metal Cu contaminated soil, apply humic acid;
2) planting: plant hyperaccumulative plant in the heavy metal Cu contaminated soil of step 1) process.
Preferably, in step 1), the applied amount of humic acid is 200 ~ 400kg/100m
2.
Preferably, in step 1), the applied amount of humic acid is 350kg/100m
2.
Preferably, described hyperaccumulative plant is castor-oil plant.
Preferably, step 2) in implantation methods be: execute in the heavy metal Cu contaminated soil of step 1) process and broadcast castor seeds, the amount of broadcasting of executing of castor seeds is 0.6 ~ 1.2kg/100m
2, castor-oil plant self-sow, forms vegetation.
Preferably, the amount of broadcasting of executing of castor seeds is 1kg/100m
2.
Preferably, castor seeds is that 30 ~ 40cm, row are apart from being that 40 ~ 60cm carries out executing broadcasting according to line-spacing.
Preferably, castor seeds is 35cm according to line-spacing, arranges and carry out executing broadcasting apart from for 55cm.
Preferably, the castor-oil plant self-sow time is at least 1 year.
Preferably, also step of leveling land is comprised before step 1) improvement soil: heavy metal Cu contaminated soil carries out prepartion of land process.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is: through the improvement of humic acid to soil, and sowing hyperaccumulative plant castor seeds, makes its self-sow, builds different phytobiocoenoses, form vegetation, complete the ecological environment reparation of soil; Wherein, castor-oil plant is as new Cu hyperaccumulative plant, compared to the copper such as elsholtzia splendens, dayflower hyperaccumulative plant, it is large that castor-oil plant has biomass, the advantage that economic worth height etc. are incomparable, and have stronger absorption and transfer ability to the heavy metal Cu in mining area, and humic acid has multiple functional group because of it, heavy metal in adsorbable, complexing mining soil, for plant growth provides favourable living environment, thus provides good ecology for the reparation of soil; Through repairing, realize interaction and the coevolution of soil one microorganism one plant in restoration of the ecosystem process, soil ecology obtains and significantly improves and recover.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, can better understand the present invention and can be implemented, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1(humic acid+castor-oil plant)
Castor-oil plant repairs the technique of heavy metals mining area Cu contaminated soil as hyperaccumulative plant, and it in turn includes the following steps:
A. level land: the heavy metals mining area Cu contaminated soil exploited is carried out prepartion of land process;
B. improve soil: in the soil through the smooth process of a step, apply modifying agent humic acid, the applied amount of humic acid is 350kg/100m
2(30cm repairs the degree of depth);
C. hyperaccumulative plant plantation: execute in the soil through a step process and broadcast castor-oil plant, the amount of broadcasting of executing of described castor seeds is 1.0kg/100m
2;
D. castor-oil plant self-sow, forms vegetation: allow hyperaccumulative plant self-sow 2 years, forms vegetation;
Described castor seeds is 35cm according to line-spacing, arranges and carry out executing broadcasting apart from for 55cm.
Embodiment 2(humic acid+castor-oil plant)
Castor-oil plant repairs the technique of heavy metals mining area Cu contaminated soil as hyperaccumulative plant, and it in turn includes the following steps:
A. level land: the heavy metals mining area Cu contaminated soil exploited is carried out prepartion of land process;
B. improve soil: in the soil through the smooth process of a step, apply modifying agent humic acid, the applied amount of humic acid is 200kg/100m
2(30cm repairs the degree of depth);
C. hyperaccumulative plant plantation: execute in the soil through a step process and broadcast castor-oil plant, the amount of broadcasting of executing of described castor seeds is 0.6kg/100m
2;
D. castor-oil plant self-sow, forms vegetation: allow hyperaccumulative plant self-sow 2 years, forms vegetation;
Described castor seeds is 35cm according to line-spacing, arranges and carry out executing broadcasting apart from for 55cm.
Embodiment 3(humic acid+castor-oil plant)
Castor-oil plant repairs the technique of heavy metals mining area Cu contaminated soil as hyperaccumulative plant, and it in turn includes the following steps:
A. level land: the heavy metals mining area Cu contaminated soil exploited is carried out prepartion of land process;
B. improve soil: in the soil through the smooth process of a step, apply modifying agent humic acid, the applied amount of humic acid is 400kg/100m
2(30cm repairs the degree of depth);
C. hyperaccumulative plant plantation: execute in the soil through a step process and broadcast castor-oil plant, the amount of broadcasting of executing of described castor seeds is 1.2kg/100m
2;
D. castor-oil plant self-sow, forms vegetation: allow hyperaccumulative plant self-sow 2 years, forms vegetation;
Described castor seeds is 35cm according to line-spacing, arranges and carry out executing broadcasting apart from for 55cm.
Comparative example
Castor-oil plant repairs the technique of heavy metals mining area Cu contaminated soil as hyperaccumulative plant, and it in turn includes the following steps:
A. level land: the heavy metals mining area Cu contaminated soil exploited is carried out prepartion of land process;
B. hyperaccumulative plant plantation: execute in the soil through a step process and broadcast castor-oil plant, the amount of broadcasting of executing of described castor seeds is 1.0kg/100m
2;
C. castor-oil plant self-sow, forms vegetation: allow hyperaccumulative plant self-sow 2 years, forms vegetation;
Wherein, castor seeds is 35cm according to line-spacing, arranges and carry out executing broadcasting apart from for 55cm.
Above-described embodiment carries out in heavy metal pollution mining area, Huanggang City, Hubei Province:
1. mining soil feature
Before prepartion of land, carry out soil sample collection, sampling depth is that 4 soil samples of-20cm are mixed into 1 sample, is 1 soil biased sample, the present embodiment random acquisition 3 soil biased samples; Pedotheque is with chloroazotic acid-perchloric acid method's digestion; With content of beary metal in atomic absorption spectroscopy determination sample, heavy metal in soil Cu average content is in table 1; In mining soil, heavy metal Cu element average magnitude is all considerably beyond Chinese soil background value and standard of soil environment quality.
Table 1: sampled point heavy metal content in soil (n=3)
| Mining soil concentration | Chinese soil background value | Standard of soil environment quality (secondary) | Standard of soil environment quality (three grades) | |
| Cu | 1736.3±93.8 | 20 | 50-100 | 400 |
Note: unit: (mg/kg); ±: standard error.
2. humic acid is to the rich absorbent of castor-oil plant heavy metal element
As shown in Table 1, embodiment 1 ~ 3 resample area heavy metal-polluted soil Cu content is relatively higher, and castor-oil plant that collection comparative example is planted, growth and maturity and embodiment used each 4 strains of castor-oil plant of humic acid, analyze, the results are shown in Table 2 to the enrichment characteristics of Cu in these plants:
Heavy metal Cu content (n=3) in table 2 different disposal castor body
Note: unit: (mg/kg); ±: standard error.
Castor-oil plant is to the single accumulation site of heavy metal in soil Cu and Accumulation as can be seen from Table 2.The growth castor-oil plant of Copper Mine can not only grow in the soil under high concentration Cu stress conditions, and can also accumulate more Cu in vivo, most copper is accumulated in root.Under the impact of humic acid, facilitate the absorption of castor-oil plant for Cu in soil.The applied amount of humic acid is 350kg/100m
2time, the applied amount that the Cu content in castor body is obviously greater than humic acid is 200kg/100m
2time, but be 400kg/100m with the applied amount of humic acid
2castor-oil plant in Cu content difference not remarkable.
3. humic acid is to the enrichment of castor-oil plant heavy metal of body and Transport Characteristics
Bio-concentration factor BAC (BiologicalAccumulatingcoefficient) refers to the ratio of content of beary metal of the same race in plant certain contents of heavy metal elements interior and soil, it reflects the accumulation ability of plant to effect of fertilizer, concentration coefficient is larger, and accumulation ability is stronger.Biological transfer ratio BTC (BiologicalTransfercoefficient) equals the amount of amount divided by this heavy metal in plant roots of aboveground vegetation part heavy metal, after its reflection plant absorption heavy metal, from root to stem, the ability of leaf transfer.
If plant is all greater than 1 to the bio-concentration factor of certain metallic element and biological transfer ratio, illustrate that plant has the potentiality of super enrichment to this metallic element, more meaningful in the effect of plant restoration of contaminated soil.
The concentration coefficient of above-mentioned castor-oil plants root system heavy metal Cu element and transfer ratio are analyzed, the results are shown in Table 3:
Table 3: the root system concentration coefficient of castor-oil plants and transfer ratio
Note: unit: (mg/kg).
As shown in table 3, the castor-oil plant of comparative example is respectively 1.5 and 0.6 for BAC, BTC of Cu, illustrates that castor-oil plant is comparatively strong for the accumulation ability of the Cu in soil, but transport capacity after absorbing is more weak.And embodiment, under the impact of humic acid, castor-oil plant is respectively 2.1 and 0.7 for BAC, BTC of Cu, concentration coefficient (BAC) and transfer ratio (BTC) promote all to some extent, show that humic acid improves the rich absorbent ability of castor-oil plant to Cu in soil, but castor-oil plant transfer ratio (BTC) is not more than 1, illustrate that most Cu is enriched in the root system of castor-oil plant.The applied amount of humic acid is 350kg/100m
2time, castor-oil plant concentration coefficient (BAC) is the highest.
4. the upgrowth situation of castor-oil plant plant
Castor-oil plant can in the mining soil of place normal growth, the applying of humic acid facilitates the growth of castor-oil plant, and humic acid+castor-oil plant plant is from plant height, and leaf area all has certain advantage.
To the biomass data analysis of castor-oil plant in planting experiment in table 4:
Table 4: the biomass analysis of castor-oil plant plant
Note: unit: (g).
As shown in table 4, the growth of humic acid on castor-oil plant has larger impact, and when heavy metal accumulation efficiency is identical, the biomass of rehabilitation plant is larger, then can more rich absorbent polluted heavy metals from soil, and the effect of phytoremediation is then better.The using of humic acid is not only castor-oil plant and is promoted to some extent on bioaccumulation efficiency Cu in soil, also has good facilitation effect, and then improve the efficiency of phytoremediation to the growth of castor-oil plant itself.
The above embodiment is only that protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto in order to absolutely prove the preferred embodiment that the present invention lifts.The equivalent alternative or conversion that those skilled in the art do on basis of the present invention, all within protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. a technique for remediating heavy metal Cu contaminated soil, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) soil is improved: in heavy metal Cu contaminated soil, apply humic acid;
2) planting: plant hyperaccumulative plant in the heavy metal Cu contaminated soil of step 1) process.
2. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1), the applied amount of humic acid is 200 ~ 400kg/100m
2.
3. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1), the applied amount of humic acid is 350kg/100m
2.
4. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described hyperaccumulative plant is castor-oil plant.
5. technique according to claim 4, is characterized in that, step 2) in implantation methods be: execute in the heavy metal Cu contaminated soil of step 1) process and broadcast castor seeds, the amount of broadcasting of executing of castor seeds is 0.6 ~ 1.2kg/100m
2, castor-oil plant self-sow, forms vegetation.
6. technique according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the amount of broadcasting of executing of castor seeds is 1kg/100m
2.
7. technique according to claim 5, is characterized in that, castor seeds is that 30 ~ 40cm, row are apart from being that 40 ~ 60cm carries out executing broadcasting according to line-spacing.
8. technique according to claim 5, is characterized in that, castor seeds is 35cm according to line-spacing, arranges and carry out executing broadcasting apart from for 55cm.
9. technique according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the castor-oil plant self-sow time is at least 1 year.
10. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises step of leveling land: heavy metal Cu contaminated soil carries out prepartion of land process before step 1) improvement soil.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106001099A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-10-12 | 湖南农业大学 | Method of repairing heavy metal polluted soil by using peanut-oil sunflower crop rotation mode |
| CN106694545A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-24 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for restoring heavy metal Cu-contaminated soil |
| CN106734128A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of method of remediating heavy metal Cu contaminated soils |
| CN107159693A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-09-15 | 安徽省农业科学院蚕桑研究所 | A kind of plant restoration method of heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN109226253A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-18 | 崔维佳 | A kind of restorative procedure of heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN109290349A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-02-01 | 湖南正信检测技术股份有限公司 | Castor-oil plant-humic acid collaboration restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106001099A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-10-12 | 湖南农业大学 | Method of repairing heavy metal polluted soil by using peanut-oil sunflower crop rotation mode |
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| CN107159693A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-09-15 | 安徽省农业科学院蚕桑研究所 | A kind of plant restoration method of heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN109290349A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-02-01 | 湖南正信检测技术股份有限公司 | Castor-oil plant-humic acid collaboration restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal method |
| CN109226253A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-18 | 崔维佳 | A kind of restorative procedure of heavy-metal contaminated soil |
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Application publication date: 20160406 |