CN105455774A - Psychophysical measurement method for controlling lower aniseikonia on basis of interocular contrast ratio - Google Patents
Psychophysical measurement method for controlling lower aniseikonia on basis of interocular contrast ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN105455774A CN105455774A CN201510796582.3A CN201510796582A CN105455774A CN 105455774 A CN105455774 A CN 105455774A CN 201510796582 A CN201510796582 A CN 201510796582A CN 105455774 A CN105455774 A CN 105455774A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a psychophysical measurement method for controlling lower aniseikonia on the basis of the interocular contrast ratio. The method includes the following steps that firstly, the left eye and the right eye present sighting mark figures in different sizes by simulating the binocular dichoptic condition, after a subject compares and adjusts the figures till subjective sizes of two figure sighting marks are equal, the difference of the actual sizes of the two figures is calculated and measured, the differences of the actual sizes of the two figures are measured repeatedly, and the average value of multiple size differences is an unequal measurement value of an obtained objective image; secondly, the interocular contrast ratio is adjusted for measurement of aniseikonia of amblyopia patients and simple anisometropia patients, and differences of inequality measurement values of objective images under different contrast ratio conditions are compared; thirdly, by adjusting the brightness of background light, the measurement differences of the values of the objective images under different brightnesses of the background light are compared. Interocular objective image size differences of the anisometropia amblyopia patients and the simple anisometropia patients are comprehensively evaluated through characteristics of interocular contrast ratio control, so that unequal image values are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ophthalmic measurement field, more specifically, relate to a kind of based on the lower aniseikonic psychophysics measuring method of contrast regulation and control between two.
Background technology
Anisoiconia (aniseikonia) refers to the phenomenon that right and left eyes imaging is differed in size, and it is generally acknowledged the obstacle of the difficulty that the anisoiconia of 3%-5% can cause normal person's eyes to merge and stereoscopic vision.Between two, imaging difference causes too greatly and melts picture difficulty, be then called pathologic aniseikonia.Pathologic aniseikonia not only hinders the foundation of normal binocular vision, also can cause a series of bad visual symptoms simultaneously.Anisometropia be aniseikonia occur major reason, and along with the increase anisoiconia phenomenon of the irregular number of degrees can be more remarkable.Except simple anisometropia, occupy anisometropia patient greatly in amblyopia colony, anisoiconia is also considered to may be affect anisometropic amblyopia vision to suppress key factor, and this is confirmed in our team's research in earlier stage.Although when there is vision and suppressing, amblyopia patient cannot be formed stereopsis vision because amblyopia eye constrains, thus uncomfortable symptom can not be produced because of anisoiconia, but suppress progressively carrying out of training along with anti-, the elementary binocular visual function of amblyopia patient is restored, and now anisoiconia likely becomes the obstacle of affect one's power of vision further raising and amblyopia treatment again.Therefore, to the anisoiconia phenomenon in anisometropic amblyopia and the research of anisometropic amblyopia mechanism, be that the science had on research direction basis in our team extends, there is important clinical value.Simultaneously for simple anisometropia patient, particularly part can only by wearing the patient that frame eyeglasses is corrected, aniseikonic quantitative measurement, can provide more strong objective foundation for the optics improvement framework mirror rectification unequal images that utilizes of follow-up personalization.Namely this clinical picture that right and left eyes imaging is differed in size was suggested as far back as 1866.As previously mentioned, anisoiconia refers to same object through eyes optical system imaging, perceives the phenomenon of two pictures varied in size after maincenter is integrated.Aniseikonic Crack cause comprises optical considerations, retina anatomical factors and perceptual factors.Wherein, optical considerations is its main cause, and for anisometropia, the eyes retina that the axle anisometropia of not correcting can cause axis oculi long forms vague image, and vague image seems larger usually; And by the anisometropia that frame eyeglasses is corrected, then because the amplification of eyes correcting spectacle lens is inconsistent and cause optogram not of uniform size.Secondly, because retina cell receptive field is in the space of visual centre correspondence feature, retina anatomical factors also have impact on aniseikonic size, such as some ophthalmic diseasess, as high myopia, macular edema, detachment of retina, premacular membranes etc. all can cause anisoiconia to a certain degree.Finally, anisoiconia likely obtains necessarily compensatory when visual centre is integrated, and have research display, the experimenter of experimental unequal images can get final product the compensatory space distortion caused because lens powers is inconsistent in short 3 days.
3% to 30% not etc., and carrying out along with cataract operation in recent years and excimer laser surgery, aniseikonic symptom will be more common for aniseikonic sickness rate.Anisoiconia usually can cause serious subjective malaise symptoms, and most patient there will be asthenopia, headache, and some patients also has photophobia, reading difficulty, feels sick, diplopia etc., and these symptoms can aggravating depending on when near or object that is that observe in motion.
Reach peak about aniseikonic research in the 1950's, comprise the multiple gauges such as space unequal images meter (spaceeikonnometer) and invented and produce and come into operation.But it is found that after application after a while, no matter use how accurate instrument, aniseikonic measurement result always has very large transmutability, even same experimenter tests in different time points, result is also difficult to stablize.In numerous measuring methods, unequal images meter in space is once by the goldstandard measured as anisoiconia, but due to its bulky and check necessarily require subjects to there is good stereopsis function, these conditions greatly limit its application, this equipment stops production at present, therefore also once stagnates aniseikonic scientific research.And be proposed a collection of program software based on computer system development in recent years; representative as AniseiknoiaInspector; be updated to the third generation at present; but because its purchase cost is high; and at present only for normal patient examination, Applicative time its accuracy shorter and can needing to observe by principal characteristic.The unequal images inspection this (NAT) that is of portable form be most widely used clinically is at present invented by Japanese scholars foxtail millet room, but although this inspection this carry and be easy and simple to handlely generally considered to credibility and repeatability is lower, substantially understate unequal images value, only can be as a reference.
Although anisoiconia is considered to the important risk factor likely affecting amblyopia patient's visual development, the anisoiconia research for amblyopia patient rarely has report always.This is due to according to traditional understanding, and amblyopia patient's major part exists vision and suppresses, and cannot form eyes further melt picture when dichoptic viewing.Therefore at present particularly suppress heavier amblyopia patient to use at existing unequal images detection methods to amblyopia patient still to there is very large difficulty, be difficult to carry out rational judgment accurately to the difference of anisometropic amblyopia patient real eyes image size.
On the other hand, the optical correction means in anisometropia patient are complicated problems.The anisometropia of the result prompting different origins that optical numerical value calculates should have different rectification modes.Such as, from theoretical value result of calculation, in axle anisometropia, frame eyeglasses is corrected comparatively corneal contact lens and refractive surgery and have greater advantages in elimination anisoiconia, and on the contrary in refrangibility anisometropia, this phenomenon is called as Knapp ' s law.But it is found that the application of Knapp ' s law is very limited in clinical practice, no matter in axle or refrangibility anisometropia, corneal contact lens and refractive surgery usually all better compared with frame eyeglasses rectification effect.For merging the child of amblyopia, corneal contact lens and these two kinds of methods of refractive surgery seem vision by a larger margin also can be brought to improve and binocular visual function recovery.Or actually the aniseikonic elimination of the raising of optical quality result in this change, the explanation for this problem not yet is finalized so far.
So for anisometropia patient, whether all just optimal rectification effect can only can be obtained by contact lens or refractive surgery? does how carrying out optics improvement accurately and effectively for the anisometropia patient being unsuitable for above-mentioned two kinds of rectification modes make patient obtain good visual function and the comfortableness of Dai Jinghou? all above-mentioned Resolving probiems all depend on the aniseikonic measurement of eyes accurately.Meanwhile, in actual clinical work, we are difficult to tell the irregular character of an anisometropia patient immediately usually, even if clearly can distinguish by checking, also may there is the confounding factor of axle and refrangibility in some patients simultaneously, therefore only according to Knapp ' no matter the way that the practical situation of s law or patient always gives contact lens is all inadequate scientific and precise.Therefore, only have by patient's real unequal images value carry out personalization correct be only the most rational.
Aniseikonic inspection obtains the simple and effective mode of unequal images value, the check costs such as the measurement of such as axis oculi are eliminated for general anisometropia patient, even if doctor can not draw immediately cause the anisometropic character of patient, also understand the state of the eyes image size of patient's reality by measurement result, and give reasonably to correct mode.In sum, the impact that accurate anisoiconia measurement and more different correction of refractive errors methods produce it is carried out in anisometropia patient, contribute to the problem answering these long-standing problem clinician, and guide the selection of further therapeutic modality, be only the most scientific and reasonable for the therapeutic modality of simple anisometropia patient and irregular property amblyopia patient personalization.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, for overcoming at least one defect (deficiency) described in above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of based on the lower aniseikonic psychophysics measuring method of contrast regulation and control between two; The anisoiconia of the feature thoroughly evaluating anisometropia patient that this method is integrated in conjunction with contrast between eyes, gets unequal images value with this.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of based on the lower aniseikonic psychophysics measuring method of contrast regulation and control between two, comprise the following steps:
1) the sighting target figure of different size is not presented respectively with right and left eyes under 3D glasses simulation dichoptic viewing condition, experimenter compares the size that two present sighting target figure, and two sighting target feature size are adjusted to equal after, measure the difference of acquisition two sighting target figure actual size, random repeatedly repeated measure two sighting target figure actual difference, the meansigma methods of multiple difference is for measuring required anisoiconia measured value;
2) between regulation and control two, the anisoiconia of contrast to anisometropia patient of sighting target is measured, and obtains anisoiconia measured value under different contrast condition and stores; The difference of anisoiconia measured value under comparison different contrast condition;
3) by changing sighting target background light level, the difference of image size measurement result under low background light level and high background light level two kinds of background light level is measured
There is contrast in various degree in the environment of known people's daily life, old friends likely incorporate the information of contrast in the process of judgment object size.Therefore, an accurate aniseikonic inspection must consider the impact of contrast, but this phenomenon is but all do not relate in all at present aniseikonia inspection.In addition, concerning anisometropic amblyopia patient, it is possible and inconsistent that different subjects also measures the contrast obtaining image value under reaching binocular balance state, and therefore this method is pre-set different that contrast gradient is measured.And the difference measured under same subjects's different contrast also can be used as the research of contrast regulation and control in the mechanism of anisometropic amblyopia patient pathology further.
Preferably, the dichoptic viewing state of subject wears's shutter dichoptic viewing stereoscope Imitating; Two sighting target feature size on contrast display screen.
Preferably, before described step 1), also comprise the eye selecting to be rendered as high-contrast in experimenter eyes other, wherein high-contrast eye does not arrange as follows: as subjects be anisometropic amblyopia patient then high-contrast eye be not arranged on its amblyopia eye; As subjects for simple anisometropia patient then high-contrast eye be not arranged on its high diopter eye; As subjects for normal person then high-contrast eye be not arranged in its non-dominant eye; The contrast of fixing amblyopia eye/high diopter eye/non-dominant eye and sighting target feature size, the contrast value then regulating and controlling NAE/low diopter eye/dominant eye corresponding with it and sighting target size.(do not arrange about eye in description and all follow this setting principle, be lower same)
Preferably, the contrast sighting target figure selecting in described step 1) is semicircle or square sighting target.
Preferably, on a display screen, it does following setting when measuring to the sighting target figure display in described step 1):
Display screen center shows two sighting target figures, and two sighting target feature size and contrast all there are differences; Relatively and equal from size to the two sighting target feature size of Row sum-equal matrix sighting target, when its subjective perception two sighting target feature size are equal, the difference of two sighting target figure actual sizes is the unequal images value of eyes to experimenter;
The mode that experimenter adjusts sighting target feature size is: the figure sighting target being fixedly presented on a branch hole, as with reference to sighting target, changes the size of another branch hole sighting target as adjustment sighting target;
There are one " ten " font sighting target in two sighting target central authorities, in order to as experimenter in inspection fixation sighting target and check before correction sighting target.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is:
1, known exist different contrast in everyday environments, and old friends likely incorporate contrast information in judgment object size process.Therefore accurate aniseikonic inspection must consider the impact of contrast, but this phenomenon is but all do not relate in all at present anisoiconia inspection.
2, amblyopia patient is difficult to be measured by traditional anisoiconia metering system because NAE exists suppression to amblyopia eye, and also not having at present can for the anisoiconia metering system of anisometropia amblyopia patient; And the present invention is by the regulation and control to amblyopia patient's NAE contrast, reducing the inhibitory action of NAE to amblyopia eye makes patient under binocular balance state, carry out aniseikonic measurement and obtain stable measurement result, this measuring method is simple workable, obtains an aniseikonic data basis of thoroughly evaluating anisometropia amblyopia patient eyes.
3, the research of amblyopia vision suppression is become in recent years to the hot issue of amblyopia research, it is the basic reason causing amblyopia that current research all thinks that vision suppresses, therefore the most effective method that vision suppresses to be considered to treat amblyopia is eliminated, for many years dispute is existed for the impact of anisoiconia on anisometropia amblyopia always, and in early-stage Study, confirm that anisoiconia may be the key factor affecting amblyopia patient's vision suppression elimination in our team, therefore the foundation of this metering system helps in mechanism, to study anisometropic amblyopia further and instruct treatment further significant.
4, in the past traditional anisoiconia is measured the mycyscope that adopts more and is divided the mode of looking, certain influence is there is in the change itself of mycyscope wavelength difference and brightness to measurement result, and adopt this kind of mode extremely low for the recall rate of amblyopia patient, and this invention adopts the dichoptic viewing state wearing the simulation of shutter dichoptic viewing stereoscope, more accurately can truly reflect aniseikonic measurement result, and have high inspection effective percentage to amblyopia patient.
5, traditional image inspection adopts semicircle sighting target more, and the probability that the sighting target of this shape is considered to exist potential convergence in some reports in the past can affect stability and the accuracy of measurement, therefore in this audit program, we add another square sighting target shape, it is desirable to reduce with this measurement error that the problems referred to above bring.
6, for traditional anisoiconia test mode, Stability and veracity is usually considered to lower, only as clinical reference, seldom by the foundation of correcting as anisoiconia.Therefore mostly traditional aniseikonic rectification is the mode adopting theoretical value to calculate as iseikonia mirror makes, namely carry out rough calculation according to the amplification scheduling theory value of glasses.Anisoiconia value not merely depends on optical considerations as previously mentioned, and it is also subject to the impact of retina factor and consciousness, therefore this value of calculation can not be equal to the unequal images value of patient's reality completely.Unequal images test mode in this patent design can carry out quantitative measurement to anisoiconia between eyes more accurately, draw the unequal images value of subjects under binocular balance state, take into full account the integration of contrast information between eyes, simultaneously in the measurements can also by optics intervening measure as: without the use of burnt magnifier, the judgement that the result of correcting is carried out in advance is estimated, make result more objective and accurate, effective data foundation is provided to the aniseikonic optical correction of anisometropia patient eyes, the anisometropia patient that can only be corrected by framework mirror for a class is especially utilized optics mode of ameliorating to reduce unequal images value and has great importance.In recent years along with quasi-molecule operation and the carrying out of cataract operation, and the increase of senile retinal diseases, the symptom that aniseikonic sickness rate may increase further and be caused by aniseikonia will be more common.The application prospect of this design will be more wide.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 utilizes 3D glasses to simulate dichoptic viewing effect schematic diagram, and (a) and (b) figure is respectively images of left and right eyes and sees side half disk pattern.
Fig. 2 is the complete image schematic diagram that eyes are seen simultaneously.
Fig. 3 is the half that right and left eyes sees cross sighting target respectively, and eyes are adjusted to a complete cross schematic diagram, and (a) and (b), (c) figure are respectively left and right and eyes see figure.
Fig. 4 is that (a) and (b) figure is respectively left and right and sees figure respectively using this half side cross as the schematic diagram at the center of the vertical direction diameter of semicircle (as being positioned at the center of the square length of side for square then cross).
Fig. 5 replaces schematic diagram schematic diagram under the low background light level of semicircle sighting target with square sighting target.
Fig. 6 replaces schematic diagram schematic diagram under semicircle sighting target height background light level with square sighting target.
Fig. 7 is schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is measurement result output curve diagram, solid line is the side ratio of unequal images between two, dotted line is area ratio, vertical coordinate is aniseikonic ratio, abscissa is contrast gradient value, vertical coordinate image "+" value not represents the actual subjective perception of eye other image size subjects that subjects is rendered as high-contrast and is greater than Second eye, otherwise " ﹣ " value represents the actual subjective perception of eye other image size subjects that subjects is rendered as high-contrast is less than Second eye.
Fig. 9 is brightness regulation and control schematic diagrams, and figure (a) refers under low background light level (1cd/m2), and the contrast of sighting target figure is the schematic diagram for 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 80%, 100% successively from left to right; Figure (b) refers under high background light level (250cd/m2), and the contrast of sighting target figure is the schematic diagram for 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 80%, 100% successively from left to right.
Detailed description of the invention
Accompanying drawing, only for exemplary illustration, can not be interpreted as the restriction to this patent; In order to better the present embodiment is described, some parts of accompanying drawing have omission, zoom in or out, contrast or heterochromia, do not represent size and the design sketch of actual product;
To those skilled in the art, in accompanying drawing, some known features and explanation thereof may be omitted is understandable.Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Experimental facilities: wireless 3D anaglyph spectacles (NVIDIA3DVISION2), AsustekComputer, ASUS liquid crystal display (LCDMONITORVG278,27 cun of TN liquid crystal displays, 16:9, resolution 1920*1080, supporting 3D display, the long X of screen is wide=597.73mmX336.22mm), the C language process of measurement that designs a calculating machine is write, and establish online and local DBMS, comprise for all initial datas and data retaining tester the result measuring adjustment each time.
Implementation method of the present invention is:
1, simulate the sighting target figure that right and left eyes under dichoptic viewing condition presents different size and contrast respectively, experimenter relatively and be adjusted to two feature size subjective equal after, the average of two figure actual size differences is for measuring required anisoiconia value.
2, regulate and control NAE/dominant eye/low other contrast of diopter eye, the anisoiconia of subjects is measured, and the change of anisoiconia measured value and difference under comparing different contrast condition.
3, display screen backgrounds brightness is measured in regulation and control, carries out aniseikonic measurement, compare measured value under different background brightness and obtain difference under different background brightness in conjunction with above-mentioned 1,2 experiment implementation.
Concrete measuring process:
One, optimum configurations
To experiment relevant parameter be selected and be arranged before experiment starts; Specific as follows:
1, provide input interface, and input the essential information of experimenter, comprising: name, birthdate, sex, contact method, E-mail address and selection present the high-contrast eye essential information such as not;
2, selecting to be rendered as the eye of high-contrast not (does not select the reason of high-contrast to be: anisometropic amblyopia is children whose monocular amblyopia (i.e. normal visual acuity at a glance mainly, another eye vision damages and reaches amblyopia diagnostic criteria), if eyes give the sighting target figure of same contrast, the amblyopia eye that so vision is relatively poor can be suppressed by NAE, be meant to patient understand the good eye of prioritizing selection and go to watch attentively, to such an extent as to amblyopia eye cannot see sighting target figure clearly under dichoptic viewing state, therefore two cannot be carried out aniseikonic measurement by comparing two feature size, therefore the contrast between needing eyes regulates and controls, increase the brightness of amblyopia eye, reduce the brightness of NAE, object reduces the inhibitory action of NAE to amblyopia eye to reach a binocular balance state, carrying out point can seeing sighting target figure seen by this eye all separately depending on eyes in this condition, thus (in the measurement of normal person, high-contrast eye is not arranged in the non-dominant eye of subjects by we to complete the worth mensuration of anisoiconia, the eye then high-contrast eye not being arranged on the diopter of subjects higher for simple anisometropia patient is not gone up, this normal person refers to by diagnostic criteria without anisometropic normal population), in instances in the high-contrast eye amblyopia eye that is arranged on subjects all the time or non-dominant eye, as: amblyopia eye is left eye, then left eye is selected to be the eye of high-contrast, vice versa.
3, contrast selection is set: be set to 100% all the time in other side graphic correlation angle value of eye that the non-dominant eye of amblyopia patient's amblyopia eye/normal person/simple anisometropia diopter is high, Second eye is then set to 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 80%, 100% totally 6 contrast gradients carry out respectively measuring (also can customize the number of contrast gradient and the numerical value of each gradient), different contrast to occur that (setting of contrast can customize and carries out setting and comprise except above-mentioned current default setting 6 gradients: increase and reduce contrast gradient number alternately at random in the measurements, and the numerical value of each gradient contrast is set, the number of contrast gradient arranges 3 from minimum, 10 can be arranged at most, the numerical value of each gradient all can self-defined input to carry out the scope that arranges be 0 ~ 100%).Carry out 5 unequal images under each contrast gradient to measure.Such as: that is under 3 contrast gradients, subjects has needed 15 comparison task, under 10 contrast gradients, subjects has then needed the contrast adjustment task of 50 times, and comparing each time of each contrast gradient is random appearance.
5, sighting target shape is selected: semicircle sighting target or square sighting target, also can according to circumstances self-defined sighting target shape (a kind of figure sighting target is only selected in each test, and this program only provides above-mentioned two kinds of sighting targets at present).
6, fixing eye not and adjustment eye other arrange: fixing eye does not refer to and arranges the constant eye of sighting target size, amblyopia eye or NAE can be selected, adjustment eye is not that to refer to the variable eye of sighting target size other, can select amblyopia eye or NAE, a usual branch hole is for fixing other then another branch hole of eye is then for adjusting eye.But the fixing eye of amblyopia patient is not set to amblyopia eye usually in reality test, and adjusts eye and be not set to NAE, the fixing eye of normal subjects is other, is arranged on non-dominant eye, and adjusts eye and be not arranged on dominant eye.It is other that the fixing eye of simple anisometropia patient is not set to the high eye of diopter usually, and adjusting eye, not to be arranged on the low eye of diopter other.
7, background light level is arranged: arrange 0-255cd/m2, the brightness of bias light also can customize and arranges adjustment, two kinds of background light level scopes are adopted to select in this inspection, low background light level scope: 0 ~ 25cd/m2, high background light level scope 230 ~ 255cd/m2, the needs that background light level can experimentally design are self-defined in above-mentioned scope carries out selection setting.
8, the selection of cross sighting target size: the cross sighting target of two contrast sighting target central authorities fixation, size can customize setting, comprises width and the length of cross sighting target, and long measure calculates with visual angle size.
9, the size of sighting target is arranged: the size of sighting target is as then arranged according to the length of side of sighting target for square sighting target, and as then calculated according to the diameter of sighting target for semicircle sighting target, size unit calculates with pixel.
10, the calculating of sighting target spacing: sighting target spacing refers to two spacing compared between figure, arrange by the distance comparing sighting target distance center fixation sighting target when arranging, parasang calculates with visual angle, as: typing sighting target spacing is 2 ° of visual angles before testing, then represent that two compare sighting target figure decentre fixation sighting target 2 ° of visual angles separately, namely the spacing of two sighting targets is 4 ° of angular distances.
After each measurement terminates, result of calculation and initial data are kept in the file of specifying automatically, extract initial data with aspect analysis and carry out analysis and calculation, program can utilize the computing formula preset to calculate according to measurement result and measure the curve chart of gains picture value under drawing different contrast, the i.e. Mean curve of image size under different contrast, reflect the relation of image size between two intuitively, the measurement result of this curve comprises two kinds and exports account form, one is side ratio, and another kind is area ratio.The difference in size that side ratio refers to two figures represents with the difference of length of side size between two figures, and in like manner area ratio represents with two area discrepancies comparing figure.The image as portable in NAT of test mode in the past checks that this is then select side ratio.
Two, the determination of sighting target
In the present embodiment, sighting target design is divided into two groups of difform figures, is respectively: semicircle and square sighting target:
1, semicircle sighting target:
The half disk pattern that design both direction in display screen center is contrary, as Fig. 1, all there is some difference for two half disk pattern sizes and contrast, experimenter makes its right and left eyes can only see one of them semicircle sighting target respectively by the dichoptic viewing state wearing shutter dichoptic viewing stereoscope NvidiaShutterGoggles simulation, size to two feature size that experimenter compares adjustment semicircle sighting target is suitable, and when its subjective perception two sighting target equal and opposite in direction, the percent value of two figure actual size difference is the unequal images value of eyes.
Inspection distance between experimenter and screen is set to 1.8m, what measure is the unequal images value of vertical direction (Vertical), the half disk pattern diameter being fixedly presented on a branch hole is set to vertical direction diameter 125pixels as with reference to sighting target S1(with reference to sighting target size), the size changing another branch hole half figure adopts the adjusting method of psychophysics to allow subjects adjust the size of sighting target until its subjective perception two compares figure equal and opposite in direction namely stops as adjustment sighting target S2(; Adjustment S2 size object is that whether equally large the figure that measurement subjects right and left eyes is seen respectively is.If different large, be referred to as anisoiconia, and difference between the two number be unequal images value.Such as: patient is large from the S1 that the S2 of Row sum-equal matrix is more constant than fixed size, so illustrate that the unactual object seen of eye that S2 presents reduces, it just can go adjustment toward larger trend always.Two anisoiconia values are drawn) by a series of repeatedly comparison.At every turn until experimenter adjust terminate after enter next again to adjustment task, the initial size of adjustment sighting target does randomization, adjustment sighting target is that the Left or right appearing at screen have also been made randomization each time, but not is fixed on the side of screen, avoids place cue when comparing.
There are one " ten " font sighting target in two and half diameter of a circle central authorities, in order to the fixation sighting target as experimenter in inspection, as Fig. 2.
A correction tasks has been needed before unequal images measurement starts, as Fig. 3, it is the half that right and left eyes sees cross sighting target respectively, eyes are adjusted to a complete cross simultaneously, namely complete the correction tasks of on-test, after correction tasks completes, formally enter aniseikonic process of measurement (correct under sighting target ensures the prerequisite that amblyopia patient can see and can customize the size arranging and correct sighting target) by space bar.
Experimenter's eyes respectively see that the half of " ten " (namely sees left side and the first half of cross at a glance, another then sees right side and the latter half of cross), two is a complete cross simultaneously, if subjects thinks two image separations but not a complete cross, experimenter is by adjusting the key up and down of keyboard until two figures are connected to complete " ten " word, adjustment then can not be needed directly to enter the measurement of next step anisoiconia as being a complete connected cross at the beginning, be somebody's turn to do the fixation sighting target of " ten " word as subsequent experimental checking process, therefore need to ensure that it is positioned at the centre of display screen as far as possible, in moving process, one of them half side cross acquiescence is at the center (not moving by button) of display, experimenter can only go to be attached thereto by another half side cross mobile, thus ensure this fixation sighting target is unlikely to depart from central region, visual angle is avoided to depart from impact on result, and another effect of this sighting target is using the mid point of sighting target vertical axis diameter semicircle as left and right.The spacing of two comparative patterns arranges width and opens 4 ° of visual angles to watch side, center attentively separately, see that Fig. 4: Fig. 4 is respectively using this half side cross as the center of the vertical direction diameter of semicircle, thus ensure that two the semicircle centers occurred when entering formal measurement after completing correction tasks are more conducive to multilevel iudge feature size on same level position.
2 square sighting targets:
Fig. 5 is that 125pixels square sighting target replaces semicircle sighting target with the length of side, as the reference sighting target that this measurement is combined, its test method step and result computing two groups of equal zero differences of sighting target, " ten " word sighting target correction tasks need be completed as mentioned above before measurement, fixation mark is in display screen central authorities, and both sides figure opens 4 ° of visual angles with each side, fixation mark center.
Three, unequal images value calculates
Anisoiconia value is the mean of the difference of the reality of (S1=S2) two sighting target sizes when subjects just feels two sighting target equal and opposite in directions of (subjective sensation) right and left eyes in this experiment, calculates, as 2% with percent.
Formula is: S2-S1/S1 × 100%
Often pair of sighting target combination includes one with reference to sighting target and an adjustment sighting target (experiment is selected to arrange before starting), and both are probabilistically assigned in left side or the visual field, right side, and therefore experimenter cannot pass through the other information of sighting target position acquisition eye.Arrange contrast to fix eye side-looking mark contrast and be fixed as C1=100%, Second eye sighting target contrast is chosen as C2=[5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 80%, 100%].Can arrange before experiment starts with reference to sighting target that to be placed on which branch hole other, with reference to sighting target size S1, adjustment sighting target size S2, namely for each adjustment sighting target, its each test combinations [S1, C1, C2] 5 times need be completed, the average of getting middle 3 results as measurement result (here get centre refer to measure for 5 times in remove wherein maximum with minimum numerical value, three digital averages will be left, spend the anisoiconia average under gradient as a comparison, but all can extract in a database owing to adjusting result at every turn in actual mechanical process, also the desirable average measured for five times is as measurement result, what this program was given tacit consent to is calculate by front a kind of mode).
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent to replace and improvement etc., within the protection domain that all should be included in the claims in the present invention.
Claims (5)
1., based on the lower aniseikonic psychophysics measuring method of contrast regulation and control between two, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) the sighting target figure of different size is not presented respectively with right and left eyes under 3D glasses simulation dichoptic viewing condition, experimenter compares the size that two present sighting target figure, and two sighting target feature size are adjusted to equal after, measure the difference of acquisition two sighting target figure actual size, random repeatedly repeated measure two sighting target figure actual difference, the meansigma methods of multiple difference is for measuring required anisoiconia measured value;
2) contrast regulated and controled between subjects two is measured anisoiconia, obtains anisoiconia measured value under different contrast condition and stores; The difference of anisoiconia measured value under comparison different contrast condition;
3) by changing sighting target background light level, the difference of anisoiconia measured value under low background light level and high background light level two kinds of background light level is measured.
2. according to claim 1 based on the lower aniseikonic psychophysics measuring method of contrast regulation and control, it is characterized in that, the dichoptic viewing state of subject wears's shutter dichoptic viewing stereoscope Imitating; Two sighting target feature size on contrast display screen.
3. according to claim 2ly to it is characterized in that based on the lower aniseikonic psychophysics measuring method of contrast regulation and control,
Before described step 1), also comprise the eye selecting to be rendered as high-contrast in experimenter eyes other, wherein high-contrast eye does not arrange as follows: when subjects be anisometropic amblyopia patient then high-contrast eye be not arranged on its amblyopia eye; When subjects for simple anisometropia patient then high-contrast eye be not arranged on its high diopter eye; When subjects for normal person then high-contrast eye be not arranged in its non-dominant eye; The contrast of fixing amblyopia eye/high diopter eye/non-dominant eye and sighting target feature size, the contrast value then regulating and controlling NAE/low diopter eye/dominant eye corresponding with it and sighting target size.
4. according to claim 3 based on the lower aniseikonic psychophysics measuring method of contrast regulation and control, it is characterized in that, the contrast sighting target figure selecting in described step 1) is semicircle or square sighting target.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 based on the lower aniseikonic psychophysics measuring method of contrast regulation and control, it is characterized in that, on a display screen, it does following setting when measuring to the sighting target figure display in described step 1):
Display screen center shows two sighting target figures, and two sighting target feature size and contrast all there are differences; Relatively and equal from size to the two sighting target feature size of Row sum-equal matrix sighting target, when its subjective perception two sighting target feature size are equal, the difference of two sighting target figure actual sizes is the unequal images value of eyes to experimenter;
The mode that experimenter adjusts sighting target feature size is: the figure sighting target being fixedly presented on a branch hole, as with reference to sighting target, changes the size of another branch hole sighting target as adjustment sighting target;
There are one " ten " font sighting target in two sighting target central authorities, in order to as experimenter in inspection fixation sighting target and check before to hidden correction sighting target tiltedly.
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