CN105450502B - The Email that software-oriented defines network denies suppression system and its suppressing method - Google Patents
The Email that software-oriented defines network denies suppression system and its suppressing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention, which discloses a kind of software-oriented and defines the Email of network, denies suppression system and its suppressing method, traditional Email interaction models are considered as data plane, inhibit unit as control plane using denying, to realize that Email is denied can inhibit of behavior, can be managed, including interaction evidence bundled components, interaction evidence management component, behavioral value component denied, sign for behavior evaluation component, sign for reliability management assembly, and denies behavior early warning component.It denies and inhibiting in frame in the Email, the denial management denied in early warning, interactive process before Email interaction, denial after to interaction detects and signs for reliability feedback, whole process make Email interaction as a closed loop self feed back denial suppression system, meet Email interaction without denial demand.The present invention neither destroys traditional Email interaction models, and can accomplish that denial in advance inhibits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network safety fileds, and in particular to a kind of software-oriented defines the Email denial inhibition of network
System and its suppressing method.
Background technology
As a kind of cross-platform universal distributed system under heterogeneous network environment, Email is along with the general of internet
And have become a kind of most commonly used network application；But problem is denied in the transmitting-receiving at the same time, to concern with safety of electronic mail
Just causing the extensive concern of industry successively, including mail send deny (malice sender denies and was once transmitted across the mail afterwards) and
Mail reception is denied (malice recipient denies and once received the mail afterwards).In con-ventional post system, mail is inhibited to deny
The conventional means of problem is that the postal increasing for being known as vouchered postal material is provided for vital document (contract, contract, bidding documents, subpoena etc.)
Value service, postal operator prove that mailer sent the mail, by connecing in sometime point by providing mail to evidence
It receives human hand to sign to prove that the mail is successfully submitted, implements tracking to deny behavior to mail transmission/reception afterwards.In electronics
In the world, due to the missing of electronic communication system quoting ability so that PEM (Privacy Enhanced Mail), MOSS
(MIME Object Security Services)、S/MIME(Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail
Extensions it) is although capable of providing integrality with the safety of electronic mail agreement such as PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), recognizes
Card property and confidentiality, but non-repudiation can not be provided；RFC 2634(Enhanced Security Services for
S/MIME, ESS-S/MIME) by S/MIME introduce sign for evidence attempt solve E-mail receiver/send undeniably lack
The problem of, but the standard is established on honest addressee (recipient can return to receipt surely) assumes, and this leads in real world
Often it cannot be satisfied.
The existing major technique that denial is taken precautions against in the Email world is to sign for Email, and the technology is by distrusting
Receiving-transmitting sides between liberally exchange e-mail messages and resisting denying evidence and traced with ensureing to receive and dispatch denial behavior.As one
A challenge, since J.Zhou in 1996 et al. and R.Deng et al. have begun one's study since signing for e-mail technique, closely
Emerged over 18 years it is large quantities of sign for email solutions, representing sex work has：(1) in terms of protocol security property satisfaction,
Kremer S. et al. discuss the undeniable problem of information exchange comprehensively for the first time, and it is necessary to give fair non-repudiation protocol
The fundamental property of satisfaction；Jose Onieva et al. sign for email protocol for quick optimism and do not have time-bounded problem,
Propose a kind of asynchronous time-bounded technology；Changshe Ma et al. point out to sign for electronics using the RSA-CEMD optimisms of transparent TTP
There are recipients can restore ciphertext (being verified by all senders) of signing by invalid can verify that is sent for mail protocol
The problem of cheating sender's (recipient can be properly received email message, and sender obtains less than signing for evidence), to propose one
Kind modified version, compensates for the fairness defect of former agreement；Min-Hua Shao et al. sign for email protocol for numerous
There are malicious parties to cheat honesty side by attack, and (honesty side can not obtain expected letter the problem of to bring fairness to lack
Breath), by analysis GG and OS, the two sign for general character attack existing for email solutions, it is proposed that avoid such safety problem
Corrective measure, and sum up the guideline that design signs for evading when email protocol such general character attack；Josep
While summary signs for email protocol definition, property and demand, emphasis illustrates Lluis Ferrer-Gomilla et al.
Associated safety property mutually exclusive reason.(2) in the intervention side trusted third party (Trusted Third Party, TTP)
Face, Macia Mut-Puigserver et al. are directed to existing email protocol of signing for due to depending on third party unduly, to deposit
It must unconditionally trust third-party problem in user, propose to introduce third party alliance, the connection in signing for email protocol
Alliance is voted by all third party members and is generated so that a small amount of malicious third parties can not destroy the fairness of Email proof；By
It is only intervened when agreement executes abnormal in alliance, this, which undoubtedly reduces alliance, becomes the probability of communication performance bottleneck；In view of TTP can shape
The problem of at communication performance bottleneck, Giuseppe Ateniese et al., which are proposed, a kind of distributed signs for email solutions
TRICERT is divided (i.e. Distributed T TP) to TTP tasks using distributed computing technology, reduces and need to apply to single TTP
Degree of belief (half is credible)；Alois Paulin et al. make for existing email protocol of signing for because using TTP to be formed by
With the problem of cannot achieve with transnational interoperability that be limited in scope, it is proposed that a kind of the general of no TTP signs for e-mail system, should
It is undeniable that system is capable of providing fair probability, on the one hand, addressee gradually obtains in encryption message blocks chain when agreement executes
Block number evidence, while for each block generate receive evidence, another reverse side by encryption prevent addressee can be in Permanent interruption agreement
Its expected information is obtained before executing.(3) in terms of interaction topology, Jianying Zhou et al. sign for Email for existing
Agreement is confined to the problem of one-to-one topology, it is proposed that two optimisms sign for email protocol in many ways, sender can simultaneously with
Multiple recipients implement mail interaction, and sender and arbitrary recipient termination protocol can run at any time；In this base
On plinth, Onieva J. et al. elaborate multi-party undeniable mechanism, including requirement definition and security property comprehensively.(4) in agreement
Can dispose aspect, Martin Abadi et al. propose it is a kind of signing for email protocol using the online TTP of lightweight, the association
View integrate safety, autgmentability, easily realize, can dispose, e-mail recipient except mail reader and web browser,
Without any other specific software, while without any Public Key Infrastructure；Rolf Oppliger are with TTP involvement levels
It is summarized for point of penetration and signs for E-mail service architectural model, discuss performance, trust and infrastructure to particular volume
The influence of architecture model deployment；Guilin Wang et al. are for existing email solutions of signing for due to introducing complicated password
Large overhead caused by art, the problem of to which resource limited mobile radio network environment can not be applied to, it is proposed that it is a kind of only
Low overhead agreement containing 3 message steps and 4 kinds of operations；Arne Tauber point out that sign for e-mail system type numerous current
In the case that more, security property is not yet reached common understanding, e-mail system is signed in large scale deployment must put forth effort solution system
Current large scale deployment is assessed and discussed to interoperability using security properties such as fairness, non-repudiations as classification foundation
Difference sign for standard email and system and need the difference that makes up and compatibling problem when reaching interoperability target；In this base
On plinth, it is proposed that sign for the interoperability standard of e-mail system, and give by taking European Union as an example can transnational interoperability sign for
Email solutions.
It signs for Email and subsequent detection is positioned to the inhibition for denying behavior, it means that the denial behavior being detected
It may prove effective already, harm is perhaps had resulted in honest user；From safeguarding in mailing system that the angle of honest user says, to still
The denial behavior not proved effective is intercepted in advance, and the detection tracking after proving effective already than denial behavior can more reduce honest user's
Cost, however at present such function can not be provided as the credible e-mail technique of representative to sign for Email.Furthermore though
Right early warning technology has obtained ripe utilization on the potential security threat in prevention information space, but is directed to safety of electronic mail early warning at present
The research for especially denying behavior early warning does not occur.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：It is an object of the invention to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, it is fixed to provide a kind of software-oriented
The Email of adopted network, which denies suppression system and its suppressing method, denial suppressing method of the invention, can not only provide similar
Tradition is signed for outside the subsequent denial detection function of e-mail system, additionally it is possible to just to potentially supporting before Email interaction
Behavior is relied to implement source inhibition.
Technical solution：Software defined network (Software Defined Networking, SDN) is initially big by Stamford
It learns Clean Slate scientific researches groups to propose in next generation internet architectural study project, be interconnected as a kind of change tradition
The organization plan of net system, SDN obtain Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Cisco and Juniper rapidly once proposition
, there are standardized open network foundation (the Open Network of promotion SDN therewith in the active response of equal internets giant
Foundation, ONF) P.It is the separation of network control planes and data plane that SDN, which is distinguished with the core of traditional network,.
The Email that a kind of software-oriented of the present invention defines network denies suppression system, including data plane and control
Plane, the data plane are conventional e-mail interaction models, and control plane is to be additional to conventional e-mail interaction models
Denial inhibit unit.
Further, the denial inhibits unit to include interaction evidence bundled components, interaction evidence management component, deny row
For detection components, behavior evaluation component is signed for, reliability management assembly is signed for and denies behavior early warning component；
The interactive evidence bundled components are using undeniable technology to establishing on conventional e-mail interaction models
Interbehavior carries out the unique association binding of behavior-evidence, and binding result is submitted to interactive card in the form of interacting evidence
According to management assembly；
The interactive evidence management component carries out chain type management to the interaction evidence from interaction evidence bundled components, simultaneously
History evidence is submitted to behavioral value component is denied；
The behavioral value component of denying utilizes the history evidence retrieved from interaction evidence management component to Email
Transmitting-receiving behavior carries out denial detection, and testing result is submitted in the form of the behavior of signing for and signs for behavior evaluation component；
The behavior evaluation component of signing for is carried out using new person's assessment technology to denying the behavior of signing for that detection components are submitted
Preliminary trust evaluation, and utilized on this basis from the history label for signing for the Email entity that reliability management assembly retrieves
Collection of letters degree series carry out trust revaluation to the entry evaluation result for the behavior of signing for, and by result in the form of reliably signing for reliability
It feeds back to and signs for reliability management assembly；
The reliability management assembly of signing for is signed for the history for signing for behavior evaluation component offer relevant e-mail entity
Reliability sequence receives and reliable sign for reliability revaluation result from sign for behavior evaluation component, carries to denying behavior early warning component
For the newest early warning decision for signing for reliability for denying behavior；
The denial behavior early warning component is signed for from reliability management assembly retrieval the newest of relevant e-mail entity is signed for
Reliability will deny early warning order and be applied to traditional Email interaction models and denied and inhibit in advance.
The Email that network is defined the invention also discloses a kind of software-oriented denies the suppressing method of suppression system, packet
Include following steps：
(1) the denial early warning stage before Email interaction denies behavior early warning component from signing for reliability management group
Current the newest of Email entity to be interacted is retrieved in part signs for reliability, it will be into Email entity according to the reliability
Capable Email interbehavior is implemented to deny early warning, and result is acted in the form of denying early warning order between mail entity
The Email interaction that will be carried out；
(2) the denial management phase in Email interactive process, interaction evidence bundled components utilize undeniable skill
Art implements electronic evidence binding to the interbehavior of mail entity, and binding result is submitted to evidence in the form of interacting evidence
Management assembly carries out timing management；
(3) the denial detection-phase after Email interaction denies behavioral value component from evidence management component
The electronic evidence of retrieval and epicycle Email intercorrelation in the form of history evidence utilizes undeniably clothes on this basis
Denial arbitration technique in business is implemented to deny detection to the Email entity behavior that epicycle has just occurred, and testing result is to sign for going
For form submit to sign for behavior evaluation component carry out reliability assessment；
(4) reliability feedback stage is signed for after Email interaction, signs for behavior evaluation component and completes to sign for going
For the assessment of preliminary reliability after, commented using from signing for the history that reliability management assembly retrieves and sign for the preliminary reliability of reliability sequence pair
Estimate result and sign for reliability revaluation, result is submitted in the form of reliably signing for reliability when signing for reliability management assembly and carrying out
Sequence management signs for letter after the denial behavior early warning and the interaction of next round Email before being interacted for next round Email
Degree feedback.
Further, in the step (1) sign for reliability be in e-mail system the public to Email entity postal
Part signs for the degree of recognition of behavior；It is the pretreatment measure to the potential denial behavior of Email entity, foundation to deny early warning order
The difference of granularity can have different pretreatment measures, such as Email entity is forbidden to send mail, forbid Email real
Body receives mail, forbids interacting mail between Email entity, and allows to interact mail etc. between Email entity.
Further, the interaction evidence in the step (2) is to be used for the specific interactive row of unique association Email entity
For digital signature.
Further, the history evidence in the step (3) is that unique association Email entity to be detected previously interacted
The digital signature of behavior；And the behavior of signing for is the deception or honesty that Email entity is showed in mail transmission/reception problem
Behavior.
Further, the reliability of signing in the step (4) is that the Evaluation of reliability of behavior is signed for Email entity；It goes through
It is when signing for reliability ordered sets of the Email entity on previously neighbouring interaction wheel that history, which signs for reliability sequence,；Reliably sign for reliability
It is to sign for the preliminary reliability assessment knot that reliability sequence pair Email entity currently signs for behavior using Email entity history
Fruit carries out the final Evaluation of reliability to currently signing for behavior obtained after revaluation calculating.
Advantageous effect：Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
(1) present invention compensates for existing mail technique of signing for and can only afterwards inhibit not to Email interaction denial behavior
Foot, innovatively provides the suppression technology in advance of denial behavior, while the also principle based on closed loop feedback realizes and presses down in advance
System is cooperateed with what is inhibited afterwards, has ensured the interests of honest mail user to the maximum extent；
(2) early warning is the key that denial behavior inhibits in advance, and the present invention first receives Email entity in mail thus
Denial behavior and dishonest behavior Unify legislation on hair are to sign for behavior, innovative on this basis by reliability assessment technology
The behavior of signing for is quantified as consistently describing that Email physical mail receives and dispatches denial degree signs for reliability by ground, and should
Sign for the decision-making foundation that reliability denies early warning as Email；
(3) to the inhibition of Email denial behavior without destroying traditional Email interaction models, this makes the present invention
Can be with the electronic mail network infrastructure of current widespread deployment compatible with significantly based on the system realized of the present invention
Simplify the cost and complexity of system deployment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present system structure and process chart；
Fig. 2 is the network deployment diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the denial behavior injection model schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that being denied without collusion for the embodiment of the present invention signs for reliability susceptibility comparison schematic diagram under situation；
Fig. 5 is denied for the collusion of the embodiment of the present invention and is signed for reliability susceptibility comparison schematic diagram under situation；
Fig. 6 is that the collusion of the embodiment of the present invention is denied to signing for reliability susceptibility influence power schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the denial behavior inhibition schematic diagram in advance of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the denial behavior rejection ability schematic diagram in advance of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments below.
As shown in Figure 1, the Email that a kind of software-oriented of the present invention defines network denies suppression system, it then follows control
The software defined network thought mutually removed with data, including data plane and control plane, the data plane are conditional electronic
Mail interaction models, control plane are to be additional to the denial inhibition unit of conventional e-mail interaction models.
Wherein, it denies and unit is inhibited to include interaction evidence bundled components, interaction evidence management component, deny behavioral value group
Part signs for behavior evaluation component, signs for reliability management assembly and denies behavior early warning component；
Interaction evidence bundled components are using undeniable technology to establishing the interaction on conventional e-mail interaction models
Behavior carries out the unique association binding of behavior-evidence, and binding result is submitted to interactive evidence pipe in the form of interacting evidence
Manage component；
Interaction evidence management component to from interaction evidence bundled components interaction evidence carry out chain type management, while to
Behavioral value component is relied to submit history evidence；
Denying behavioral value component utilizes the history evidence retrieved from interaction evidence management component to E-mail receiver/send
Behavior carries out denial detection, and testing result is submitted in the form of the behavior of signing for and signs for behavior evaluation component；
Behavior evaluation component is signed for carry out tentatively to denying the behavior of signing for that detection components are submitted using trust evaluation technology
Trust evaluation, and utilized on this basis from the history for signing for the Email entity that reliability management assembly retrieves and sign for letter
Degree series carry out trust revaluation to the entry evaluation result for the behavior of signing for, and result are fed back in the form of reliably signing for reliability
To signing for reliability management assembly；
It signs for reliability management assembly and signs for reliability to the history for signing for behavior evaluation component offer relevant e-mail entity
Sequence receives and reliable sign for reliability revaluation result from sign for behavior evaluation component, provides most to denying behavior early warning component
The new early warning decision for signing for reliability for denying behavior；
Denial behavior early warning component from sign for reliability management assembly retrieve relevant e-mail entity it is newest sign for reliability,
Early warning order will be denied and be applied to traditional Email interaction models and denied and inhibited in advance.
Denied in suppression system in above-mentioned Email, from before Email interaction denial early warning, in interactive process
Deny management, to interaction after denial detection and sign for reliability feedback, whole process make Email interaction closed as one
The denial suppression system of ring self feed back, meet Email interaction without denial demand.
The Email that network is defined the invention also discloses a kind of software-oriented denies the suppressing method of suppression system, packet
Include following steps：
(1) the denial early warning stage before Email interaction denies behavior early warning component from signing for reliability management group
Current the newest of Email entity to be interacted is retrieved in part signs for reliability, it will be into Email entity according to the reliability
Capable Email interbehavior is implemented to deny early warning, and result is acted in the form of denying early warning order between mail entity
The Email interaction that will be carried out；
Wherein, it refers to the approval that the public signs for Email physical mail behavior in e-mail system to sign for reliability
Degree；It refers to the pretreatment measure to the potential denial behavior of Email entity to deny early warning order, and the difference according to granularity can be with
There is different pretreatment measures, such as Email entity is forbidden to send mail, Email entity is forbidden to receive mail, forbid
Interaction mail etc. between interaction mail between Email entity, and permission Email entity；
(2) the denial management phase in Email interactive process, interaction evidence bundled components utilize undeniable skill
Art implements electronic evidence binding to the interbehavior of mail entity, and binding result is submitted to evidence in the form of interacting evidence
Management assembly carries out timing management；The interaction evidence is the number label for the specific interbehavior of unique association Email entity
Name；
(3) the denial detection-phase after Email interaction denies behavioral value component from evidence management component
The electronic evidence of retrieval and epicycle Email intercorrelation in the form of history evidence utilizes undeniably clothes on this basis
Denial arbitration technique in business is implemented to deny detection to the Email entity behavior that epicycle has just occurred, and testing result is to sign for going
For form submit to sign for behavior evaluation component carry out reliability assessment；Wherein, history evidence refers to unique association electricity to be detected
The digital signature of the sub- previous interbehavior of mail entity, and the behavior of signing for is Email entity institute's table in mail transmission/reception problem
Reveal the deception come or dishonest behavior；
(4) reliability feedback stage is signed for after Email interaction, signs for behavior evaluation component and completes to sign for going
For the assessment of preliminary reliability after, commented using from signing for the history that reliability management assembly retrieves and sign for the preliminary reliability of reliability sequence pair
Estimate result and sign for reliability revaluation, result is submitted in the form of reliably signing for reliability when signing for reliability management assembly and carrying out
Sequence management signs for letter after the denial behavior early warning and the interaction of next round Email before being interacted for next round Email
Degree feedback, reliability of signing for herein is that the Evaluation of reliability of behavior is signed for Email entity；It is electricity that history, which signs for reliability sequence,
When signing for reliability ordered sets of the sub- mail entity on previously neighbouring interaction wheel；Reliable reliability of signing for is to use Email entity
History sign for reliability sequence pair Email entity currently sign for behavior preliminary reliability assessment result carry out revaluation calculating after obtain
The final Evaluation of reliability to currently signing for behavior obtained.
Core link in the above process is that interaction evidence is bound, denies behavioral value, signing for behavior evaluation and deny row
Concrete operating principle for early warning, this four core links is as follows：
(1) in interaction evidence binding, to support group sending of email (special case that single-shot is considered as to mass-sending), this hair herein
It is bright to use the multi-party undeniable evidence binding technology for having a pair of of multiple topology.Interacting the method that evidence is bound is：It will wait for
It sends information and is divided into two pieces：Mail reciprocal decomposition is ciphertext interaction and cipher key interaction by encryption key and ciphertext；It sends first
Ciphertext and signature NRO (Non-Repudiation Origin) are sent to recipient by side, while concomitantly by key and signature
Sub (Submission) is sent to TTP (Trust Third Party)；Recipient uses signature NRR (Non- after receiving the ciphertext
Repudiation Receipt) it is responded；TTP issues itself and signature Con (Confidence) after receiving key together
Into public directory, such recipient can obtain key to decrypt in plain text from TTP, and sender also can be from retrieving
Con is simultaneously preserved.
The symbol being related to when description interaction evidence binding procedure is described below：
X╟/(╢)Y:[M] entity X is to/(from) entity Y transmission/(acquisition) information M；
S, R, R ', Ri e-mail sending, recipient's set, recipient's subclass, recipient member；
Entity public key set in uRi, uR Ri public keys, R；
SigBXB(M),MBiBX implements mail M the specific mail plaintext of signature, s Ri to be sent to；
C=EBKB(M), M=DBKB(C) with key K encryptions message M obtains ciphertext C, decryption C obtains plaintext M；
h(),EBRB() one-way hash function, group's encryption function (its ciphertext can only be decrypted by member in R).Tool
The interaction evidence of body is bound as shown in process 1, is described as follows：
Process 1.BbindE//behavior-evidence binding procedure
Input：S, R={ RBiB| l≤i≤| R | }, M={ MBiB|l≤i≤|R|},TTP；
Output：Behavior-evidence binding result；
begin
// step 1-5 is system initialization
The respective initialization counter CounterB of 1.s and each RisB← 0 and CounterBRiB←0；
2.s and each Ri respectively select time period t BsBAnd tBRiB, SubB is preserved for defining TTPKBAnd NRRBiBPhase
Limit；
3.TTP selects information announcement duration tB0B；
4.s is that each Ri selects random number nBiB, and calculate xBiB←EBuRiB(nBiB)；
5.s selects key K, is calculated for each RiAnd cBiB←EBkiB(MBiB)；
// step 6-9 is to implement to bind
6.s╟Ri:[Ri,tBsB,lBiB,cBiB,xBiB,uRi,NROBiB]；// into R, entity mass-sends ciphertext, it can be with step
6' is concurrently executed
6'.s╟TTP:[R,tBsB,L,EBRB(K),NRO,CounterBsB++,SubBKB]；// submit key
7.Ri╟TTP:[s,lBiB,xBiB,uRi,tBRiB,NROBiB,CounterBRiB++,NRRBiB]；// application receives close
Key
8.s╢TTP:[s,R′,L′,T,tBsB,tSetBR′B,EBR’B(EBRB(K)),NRR,ConBKB]；// retrieval key connects
Receive evidence
9.Ri╢TTP:[s,R′,L′,T,tBsB,tSetBR′B,EBR’B(EBRB(K)),NRR,ConBKB]；// obtain key
// step 10 is fed back for binding result
10. homing behavior evidence binding result
end
Relevant field information is described as follows：
lBiB=h (s, Ri, TTP, h (cBiB), h (K)), L={ lBiB| Ri ∈ R ∧ l≤i≤| R | }, L '={ lBiB|Ri∈
R′∧l≤i≤|R′|}
NROBiB=SigBsB(Ri,lBiB,xBiB,uRi,tBsB,h(cBiB)), NRO={ NROBiB|Ri∈R∧1≤i≤|R
|}
NRRBiB=SigBRiB(s,lBiB,xBiB,uRi,tBRiB,cBiB,NRO,CounterBRiB),
SubBKB=SigBsB(R,L,tBsB,EBRB(K),NRO,CounterBsB), tSetBR′B={ tBRjB|1≤j≤|R′
|}
ConBKB=SigBTTPB(s,R′,L′,T,tBsB,tSetBR′B,EBR’B(EBRB(K)),NRO,NRR)
The above process can ensure that mail transmission/reception Fang Junneng acquisition other side's signs for behavior evidence, i.e. the mail that s obtains Ri connects
Receive evidence { NRRBiB,ConBKB, the mail that Ri obtains s sends evidence { NROBiB,ConBKB}。
(2) on denying behavioral value, the transmission for Email denies behavior and receives denial behavior, and the present invention can
The following two kinds detection algorithm is respectively adopted to be investigated：
Detection algorithm is denied in algorithm 1Check-Origin//transmission
Input：ConBKB,NROBiB,TTP,Ri,s,CounterBsB,CounterBRiB,cBiB,MBiB,K,lBiB
Output：IsOrigin//whether deny transmission
begin
1.Kfroms←0；cBiBfroms←0；legreceiver←0；noreplay←0；legrnd←0；
rightcipher←0；isOrigin←0；
2.if ConBKBThe signature then KfromsB of is TTPB←1；//s submitted K to TTP
3.if NROBiBThe signature then cB of is siBfromsB B←1；The cB that //Ri is receivediBIt is sent by s
4.if Ri belongs to R′then legreceiver←1；//Ri is effective recipient
5.if CounterBRiB==CounterBsBthen noreplay←1；//s and Ri does not reset other side's message
6.if lBiB==h (s, Ri, TTP, h (cBiB),h(K))then legrnd←1；//lBiBIt is legal agreement
Wheel mark
7.if cBiB==EBkiB(MBiB)then rightcipher←1；//cBiBIt is correct ciphertext
8.if KfromsB B*cBiBfromsB B*legreceiver*noreplay*legrnd*rightcipher
then isOrigin←1；//s is transmitted across MBiBTo Ri
9.return isOrigin；
end
Detection algorithm is denied in algorithm 2Check-Receipt//reception
Input：ConBKB,NROBiB,NRRBiB,TTP,Ri,s,CounterBsB,CounterBRiB,cBiB,MBiB,K,lBiB
Output：IsReceipt//whether deny reception
begin
1.cangetK←0；getcipher←0；truecipher←0；legreceiver←0；noreplay←0；
legrnd←0；rightcipher←0；isReceipt←0；
2.if ConBKBThe signature then cangetKB of is TTPB←1；//Ri can get ki
3.if NRRBiBGetcipher ← 1 signature then of is Ri；//Ri receives cBiBAnd it is willing to obtain ki from TTP
4.if NROBiBTruecipher ← 1 signature then of is s；//cBiBIt is genuine
5.if Ri belongs to R′then legreceiver←1；//Ri is effective recipient
6.if CounterBRiB==CounterBsBthen noreplay←1；// message-replay is not present
7.if lBiB==h (s, Ri, TTP, h (cBiB),h(K))then legrnd←1；// agreement wheel is legal
8.if cBiB==EBkiB(MBiB)then rightcipher←1；//cBiBIt is correct ciphertext
9.if KfromsB B*cBiBfromsB B*legreceiver*noreplay*legrnd*rightcipher
then isReceipt←1；//Ri received the MB of s transmissionsiB
10.return isReceipt；
end
(3) in signing for behavior evaluation, the present invention carries out unified quantization using reliability is signed for.
The assessment for signing for reliability is carried out in two steps in the present invention, including initially signs for reliability and calculates and sign for reliability weight
Estimate.
First, initially signing for reliability CRBtBIt calculates, gives and assess according to denial testing result, subscript t is assessed for identifying
Moment；
Second, reliability TVB is signed in revaluationtBIt calculates, approaching the true of entity to be assessed to make to sign for reliability signs for behavior,
It uses herein and signs for reliability revaluation model to initially signing for reliability RB as followstBImplement revaluation：
TVBtB=α * CRBtB+β*HBtB+γ*DBtB+δ*DBtB*|SDBtB| (formula 1)
As shown in Equation 1, the present invention (initially signs for reliability CRB using four kinds of datatB, history signs for reliability HBtB, sign for letter
Spend stability bandwidth DBtB, sign for reliability fluctuation tendency SDBtB) come to CRBtBRevaluation is carried out, makes revaluation reliability more from 5 angles
It approaches the true of entity and signs for behavior, first is by γ * DBtBWeighted calculation come measure the behavior of signing for burst fluctuation (from
It is to deny without jump is denied, from jump is denied for without denial)；Second is by β * HBtB+γ*DBtB+δ*DBtB*|SDBtB| weighted calculation
Improvement (tending to without denial) and the deterioration (tending to deny) of behavior are signed for distinguish entity；Third is by α * CRBtB+β*HBtB
Weighted calculation tolerates unconscious wrong denial behavior, and consistently the true of reflection entity signs for behavior；4th is logical
Cross γ * DBtB+δ*DBtB*|SDBtB| weighted calculation signs for the timeliness of reliability assessment to enhance.Weight coefficient α, β, γ in formula 1
And δ is between 0 and 1, component HBtB,DBtB,SDBtBComputational methods it is as follows：
(formula 2)
In above-mentioned formula 2, ρ (0<ρ≤1) and LH respectively previously signed for reliability the concern factor and concern number of time slots.
(formula 3)
(formula 4)
θ (0 in above-mentioned formula 4<θ≤1) and LDH respectively previously signed for the concern factor and concern time slot of reliability stability bandwidth
Number.
LH in formula 2, α in LDH and formula 1 in formula 4, beta, gamma and δ are respectively set as follows：
1) LH and LDH is usually arranged as the oscillation time slot size that malious email entity strategy denies behavior；
2) beta/alpha is generally in proportion to LH；
3) it is arranged(formula 5)
4) it is arranged(formula 6)
(4) on denying behavior early warning, the present invention carries out early warning decision according to reliability is signed for,
It refers to Email that reliability threshold values (Certified Reputation Threshold, CRT) is signed in the present invention
Entity x signs for reliability threshold values in t wheel Email interactions, and CRTBtB(x) it is that Email entity institute is patient other
The minimum of Email entity signs for reliability.
Assuming that TVBtB(x) and CRTBtB(x) it is that mail entity x signs for reliability and signs for reliability valve before t wheel interactions respectively
Value, s is e-mail sending, R={ RB1B,RB2B,...,RB|R|BBe that mail reception side gathers, then the denial that the present invention uses is pre-
It whips a horse on slightly：
(formula 7)
PI, IS, PR and II are indicated normally to interact respectively, are sent denial, receive and deny, receive and dispatch and deny in above formula.
Embodiment：
For the present invention is further explained to denying the practical inhibition of behavior, a true electricity is established in the present embodiment
Sub- mail denies suppression system RIMail, and building for the system has used Open-Source Tools OpenFlow, and uses the electricity of the present invention
Sub- mail denies suppressing method and carries out denial inhibition.
As shown in Fig. 2, the structure of the RIMail systems in the present embodiment is related to 5 PC, wherein：Pc0 conducts
OpenFlow controllers (installation increase income POX controllers) run (the denial inhibition i.e. in the present invention of RIMail controllers on it
Unit), be responsible to define Email interaction deny inhibit strategy, and by Policy Result by OpenFlow agreements by leading to safely
Road distributes OpenFlow interchangers；Pc1 and pc2 as OpenFlow interchangers (installation Mininet and Open vSwitch),
The Email interaction denial distributed according to controller inhibits the tactful e-mail data that formed to submit flow table, and interaction is electric accordingly
Sub- mail data；For pc3 as email client (the e-mail client software NRMail of installation customization), main task has two
It is a, first, realizing smtp the and pop3 client functionalities of Traditional E-mail System；It is handed over second is that intercepting and capturing conventional e-mail data
Mutual SOCKET communications, and it is submitted into RIMail controllers by control channel；Pc4 is as (the installation of mail service end
Winmail5.1.1 mail services), while smtp and pop3 services being provided.
In the present embodiment, the experiment parameter setting of RIMail systems is as follows：
A, mail entity total amount is 1025, wherein honest entity is 4 with malicious entities ratio of number:1；Honest entity does not support
Rely, not with other people conspire, do not calumniate other people；Malicious entities can show tactful denial behavior because of private interests, can implement each other altogether
Scheme, and the honest entity that spreads vicious gossip；
B, initially reliability RB is signed fortBSimple computation is, if testing result is to deny, RBtB=0.1, otherwise RBtB=1；
C, honest entity and the tactful denial behavior injection model of malicious entities are as shown in figure 3, oscillation time slot is set as 10
Timeslice (i.e. cycle of oscillation is set as 20 timeslices)；
D, reliability calculating parameter α=0.2, β=0.8, γ B are signed in setting1B=0.05, γ B2B=0.2, δ B1B=0.05, δ
B2B=0.2, LH=LDH=10.
RIMail operation datas 1 --- sign for sensitivity analysis of the reliability to denial behavior：
Based on denial behavior injection model shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 gives in RIMail systems and is denied under situation really without collusion
Entity signs for reliability (calumniated and without calumny) and malicious entities sign for reliability ([ρ=1, θ=1], [ρ=1, θ=0.75],
[ρ=0.75, θ=1] and [ρ=0.75, θ=0.75]) fluctuation situation；It corresponds, Fig. 5 gives malicious entities collusion and supports
Honest entity and malicious entities under situation is relied to sign for reliability fluctuation situation, it can be seen that one side malicious entities libel action
Presence can reduce honest entity sign for reliability；Although on the other hand malicious entities are made a profit (i.e. excessively under four kinds of history attention rates
With signing for, reliability is had an eye to the main chance and the difference of the paid cost of reliability is signed in recovery) it is of substantially equal, but (reduce to previous ρ is smaller
The initial attention rate for signing for reliability) and when θ larger (improving the attention rate to previously signing for reliability stability bandwidth), sign for reliability pair
Denial behavior is more sensitive.
Fig. 6 further analyzes malicious entities collusion and denies the influence caused by signing for reliability susceptibility, it can be seen that
Four groups ([ρ=1, θ=1], [ρ=1, θ=0.75], [ρ=0.75, θ=1] and [ρ=0.75, θ=0.75]) different concern
Under degree, the implementation of collusion can make：(1) when behavior deteriorates, susceptibility reduces；(2) when behavior improves, susceptibility improves；
(3) malicious entities profit can be promoted.
RIMail operation datas 2 --- denying behavior, inhibition is analyzed in advance：
Compared with signing for e-mail model, the valuable feature of EmRIM is that denial behavior can be detected in advance and implements source
Head inhibits, for this purpose, the present embodiment is to inhibit the denial in advance of RIMail systems for history attention rate [ρ=1, θ=0.75]
Effect is evaluated and tested.Setting threshold coefficient is 0.8 (signs for reliability threshold values=sign for reliability * 0.8), and Fig. 7 gives mail friendship
Denial, reception denial, transmitting-receiving is denied and nothing is supported from being sent when rising to 10000 times by step-length 20 0 time, in RIMail for mutual total amount
Rely situation.From the point of view of overall trend, have/[nothing] collusion and have/[nothing] calumniate four kinds of occasions under, as denial behavior presses down in advance
The progress of system sends in RIMail and denies, receives and deny and proportion that transmitting-receiving is denied drastically is reduced, and no proportion for denying interaction is anxious
Play is soaring, this shows that EmRIM inhibits upper significant effect in advance in denial behavior, can greatly promote the credible of Email interaction
Property.
RIMail operation datas 3 --- denying behavior, rejection ability is analyzed in advance：
Inhibit the analysis of denial ability quasi- using the assessment common three kinds of gauges of grader in advance to EmRIM：It looks into complete
Rate (Recall), precision ratio (Precision) and harmonic-mean (F-measure).
If in mail interbehavior sample to be detected, TP is the sample number for being correctly identified as denial behavior, FN be by
It is mistaken for the sample number of dishonest behavior, FP is the sample number for being mistaken for denial behavior, then three common measurements are respectively：
(1) behavior recall ratio is denied：R=TP/ (TP+FN)；
(2) behavior precision ratio is denied：P=TP/ (TP+FP)；
(3) harmonic-mean：F=2*P*R/ (P+R).
ρ=1 is set, θ=0.75, threshold coefficient 0.8, Fig. 8 analyze EmRIM have/[nothing] collusion and have/[nothing] slander
Denial behavior under four kinds of occasions of slander rejection ability in advance.As can be seen that although recall ratio average value maintains 0.4 or so in advance
(under-enumeration part will be detected afterwards), but precision ratio is high in advance, and preferable harmonic-mean is obtained, this table
Bright EmRIM has certain denial behavior rejection ability in advance.
Claims (6)
1. the Email that a kind of software-oriented defines network denies suppression system, it is characterised in that：Including data plane and control
Plane processed, the data plane are conventional e-mail interaction models, and control plane is to be additional to conventional e-mail to interact mould
The denial of type inhibits unit；The denial inhibits unit to include interaction evidence bundled components, interaction evidence management component, deny row
For detection components, behavior evaluation component is signed for, reliability management assembly is signed for and denies behavior early warning component；
The interactive evidence bundled components are using undeniable technology to establishing the interaction on conventional e-mail interaction models
Behavior carries out the unique association binding of behavior-evidence, and binding result is submitted to interactive evidence pipe in the form of interacting evidence
Manage component；
The interactive evidence management component to from interaction evidence bundled components interaction evidence carry out chain type management, while to
Behavioral value component is relied to submit history evidence；
The behavioral value component of denying utilizes the history evidence retrieved from interaction evidence management component to E-mail receiver/send
Behavior carries out denial detection, and testing result is submitted in the form of the behavior of signing for and signs for behavior evaluation component；
The behavior evaluation component of signing for is carried out tentatively using reliability assessment technology to denying the behavior of signing for that detection components are submitted
Trust evaluation, and utilize signed for from the history for signing for the relevant e-mail entity that reliability management assembly retrieves on this basis
Reliability sequence carries out trust revaluation to the entry evaluation result for the behavior of signing for, and result is anti-in the form of reliably signing for reliability
It feeds and signs for reliability management assembly；
The reliability management assembly of signing for signs for reliability to the history for signing for behavior evaluation component offer relevant e-mail entity
Sequence receives and reliable sign for reliability revaluation result from sign for behavior evaluation component, provides most to denying behavior early warning component
The new early warning decision for signing for reliability for denying behavior；
The denial behavior early warning component from sign for reliability management assembly retrieve relevant e-mail entity it is newest sign for reliability,
Early warning order will be denied and be applied to traditional Email interaction models and denied and inhibited in advance.
2. a kind of software-oriented as described in claim 1 defines the suppressing method of the Email denial suppression system of network,
It is characterized in that：Include the following steps：
(1) the denial early warning stage before Email interaction denies behavior early warning component from signing in reliability management assembly
Current the newest of Email entity to be interacted of retrieval signs for reliability, will be carried out to Email entity according to the reliability
Email interbehavior is implemented to deny early warning, and result is acted in the form of denying early warning order between Email entity
The Email interaction that will be carried out；
(2) the denial management phase in Email interactive process, interaction evidence bundled components utilize undeniable technology pair
The interbehavior of Email entity implements electronic evidence binding, and binding result is submitted to evidence in the form of interacting evidence
Management assembly carries out timing management；
(3) the denial detection-phase after Email interaction denies behavioral value component from evidence management component to go through
The electronic evidence of the form retrieval and epicycle Email intercorrelation of history evidence, on this basis using in undeniably service
The Email entity behavior that epicycle has just been occurred of denial arbitration technique implement to deny detection, testing result is with the behavior of signing for
Form, which is submitted to, signs for the progress reliability assessment of behavior evaluation component；
(4) reliability feedback stage is signed for after Email interaction, signs for behavior evaluation component and completes to sign for behavior
After preliminary reliability assessment, the preliminary reliability assessment knot of reliability sequence pair is signed for using from signing for the history that reliability management assembly retrieves
Fruit carries out signing for reliability revaluation, and result is submitted in the form of reliably signing for reliability signs for reliability management assembly progress sequential pipe
Reason, denials behavior early warning and next round Email before being interacted for next round Email interact after to sign for reliability anti-
Feedback.
3. software-oriented according to claim 2 defines the suppressing method of the Email denial suppression system of network,
It is characterized in that：Reliability of signing in the step (1) is that the public signs for going to Email physical mail in e-mail system
For degree of recognition；It is the pretreatment measure to the potential denial behavior of Email entity to deny early warning order, not according to granularity
It is same to have different pretreatment measures.
4. software-oriented according to claim 2 defines the suppressing method of the Email denial suppression system of network,
It is characterized in that：Interaction evidence in the step (2) is the number for the specific interbehavior of unique association Email entity
Signature.
5. software-oriented according to claim 2 defines the suppressing method of the Email denial suppression system of network,
It is characterized in that：History evidence in the step (3) is the number of the unique association previous interbehavior of Email entity to be detected
Word is signed；And the behavior of signing for is the deception or dishonest behavior that Email entity is showed in mail transmission/reception problem.
6. software-oriented according to claim 2 defines the suppressing method of the Email denial suppression system of network,
It is characterized in that：Reliability of signing in the step (4) is that the Evaluation of reliability of behavior is signed for Email entity；History signs for letter
Degree series are when signing for reliability ordered sets of the Email entity on previously neighbouring interaction wheel；Reliable reliability of signing for is using electricity
Sub- mail entity history sign for reliability sequence pair Email entity currently sign for behavior preliminary reliability assessment result carry out weight
The final Evaluation of reliability to currently signing for behavior that estimation obtains after calculating.
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| CN1852316A (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2006-10-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Anti-denial method between UA and MTA based on anti-denial protocol |
| CN101714957A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-05-26 | 北京航空航天大学 | System for managing nonrepudiative evidence of mass mails by third party |
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| CN102170407A (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2011-08-31 | 南京审计学院 | Method for realizing electronic mail credibility management on the basis of anti-fraud control logic unit |
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