CN105449354B - A kind of low-cross coupling antenna array using the double via electromagnetic bandgap structures of Fermat archimedean spiral groove line - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a low mutual coupling antenna array adopting a Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure, including a Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure and four Circularly polarized antenna array. The Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure is composed of multiple electromagnetic bandgap structural units through periodic arrangement and combination. The aspect ratio of the electromagnetic bandgap structural unit is 3:1, and the middle of the unit is The Fermat groove line is connected to two Archimedes spiral groove lines with the same number of turns and the same hand direction at both ends of the unit, and the two metallized via holes are respectively located at the centers of the two Archimedes spiral groove lines. The four-element circularly polarized antenna array feeds the coaxial line, and the antenna elements are rotated 90 degrees in turn. The Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure of the present invention realizes miniaturization, effectively reduces the mutual coupling between antenna elements, and improves the radiation performance of the antenna array.

Description

A Low Electromagnetic Bandgap Structure Using Fermat-Archimedes Spiral Groove Line Double Via Mutually Coupled Antenna Array

technical field

The invention relates to a miniaturized electromagnetic bandgap structure applied in the field of antennas, in particular to a low mutual coupling antenna array using a Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure.

Background technique

With the vigorous development of electronic information technology, antennas are more widely used in various devices. In order to meet the needs of high integration of modern communication equipment, the research and development of antennas is also moving towards miniaturization, and the performance requirements of antennas are also getting higher and higher. Among them, the array antenna not only realizes miniaturization, but also greatly improves the directivity and gain of the antenna. However, while realizing miniaturization, the antenna array units are constantly approaching, which will lead to more serious mutual coupling, that is, the current on one antenna will induce current on the other antenna, which will affect the performance of the antenna array such as gain and pattern. Disable one or more elements of the antenna array. Therefore, we need to suppress the mutual coupling between the antenna elements in the antenna array in various ways. The electromagnetic bandgap structure can prevent the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a specific frequency band, and achieve the goal of suppressing mutual coupling between array antenna elements.

According to the retrieval, relevant research has been carried out on the design of mutual coupling suppression structures, and the proposed mutual coupling suppression structures cover a variety of shapes. The most common mutual coupling suppression structure is the mushroom structure, but the structural unit is relatively large; in order to reduce the size of the unit structure, many more compact structures have been proposed, such as the small structure proposed by Alexander Stark, which is easier to achieve densification of the array, but the structure It is more complex and difficult to process; Tang Wanchun et al. proposed a C-groove planar electromagnetic bandgap structure, which can effectively suppress synchronous switching noise and reduce the use of decoupling capacitors; Zhang Daoliang et al. designed a small multi-band electromagnetic bandgap structure, By etching four centrally symmetrical F-shaped grooves, the equivalent current path is extended and multiple resonant circuits are formed at the same time, realizing the comprehensive design of miniaturization and multi-band. The present invention adopts the combined groove line of Archimedes spiral groove line and Fermat groove line, and the electromagnetic bandgap structure unit is also non-square. Compared with the traditional electromagnetic bandgap structure, the degree of freedom of design is greater, the application is more flexible, and the degree of miniaturization Also taller.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an electromagnetic bandgap structure using Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove lines with double vias to reduce the mutual coupling between the four-element circularly polarized antenna arrays , to improve the performance of the antenna array.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: a low mutual coupling antenna array using a Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double via hole electromagnetic bandgap structure, including a Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double via hole electric Bandgap structure and four-element circularly polarized antenna array, where:

The Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double via electromagnetic bandgap structure includes a metal patch, an electromagnetic bandgap structure dielectric substrate, a metal floor, metallized via holes, circular through holes and square through holes, and the electric The medium substrate with a tape gap structure has a first surface and a second surface parallel to each other, the first surface is periodically arranged metal patches, and the second surface is a metal floor;

The four-element circularly polarized antenna array includes a radiation patch, an antenna dielectric substrate, a metal floor, a metallized via hole and a circular through hole, and the antenna dielectric substrate has a first surface and a second surface parallel to each other, and the first surface is Radiant patch, the second surface is a metal floor.

Among them, the electromagnetic bandgap structural unit is a double-metallized via structure, its aspect ratio is 3:1, and the unit spacing is equal.

Among them, the first surface of the dielectric substrate with electromagnetic bandgap structure is a rectangular metal patch arranged periodically and can be divided into three parts along the long side, which are sequentially recorded as the first subunit, the second subunit and the third subunit, and the first There are metallized via holes in the center of the subunit and the third subunit, and there are Archimedes spiral groove lines with the same number of turns and the same direction of rotation, and the starting points of the Archimedes spiral groove lines are respectively located inside the metallized via holes. The Fermat trough is located in the second subunit, and the two ends of the trough connect the ends of the Archimedes spiral troughs of the first subunit and the third subunit. The Archimedes spiral groove line of the first subunit, the Fermat groove line of the second subunit are connected with the Archimedes spiral groove line of the third subunit.

Wherein, the square through holes are located at the four corners of the dielectric substrate with the electromagnetic bandgap structure, and four circular through holes are arranged around the four corners of each square through hole.

Among them, the radiation patch is a square, circular polarization is realized by cutting the corners of the patch diagonally, and the coaxial line is used for feeding. The metal floor on the second surface of the dielectric substrate is welded together. The four circularly polarized antenna units are located at the four corners of the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure, and they are rotated 90 degrees in turn. The feed of the antenna units The coaxial line passes through the square through hole of the dielectric substrate with the electromagnetic bandgap structure, and passes through the first surface and the second surface of the dielectric substrate with the electromagnetic bandgap structure in sequence.

Among them, there are four circular through-holes at the four corners of the circularly polarized antenna unit, and the diameters of the four circular through-holes around the four square through-holes of the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via-hole electromagnetic bandgap structure and The holes have the same pitch and are used to fix the circularly polarized antenna on the first surface of the dielectric substrate with the electromagnetic bandgap structure.

Principle of the present invention is:

A low mutual coupling antenna array using a Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure, including: a Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure and a quaternary circle Polarized antenna array, its structure is realized as follows:

The Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure includes: a metal patch, a dielectric substrate with an electromagnetic bandgap structure, a metal floor, a metallized via hole, a circular through hole and a square through hole. The dielectric substrate with electromagnetic bandgap structure has parallel first surface and second surface, the first surface is metal patches arranged periodically, and the second surface is metal floor. The aspect ratio of the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure unit is 3:1, and the unit spacing is equal; the first surface of the dielectric substrate is a rectangular metal patch arranged periodically, and the metal patch equally spaced. The four square through holes of the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double via electromagnetic bandgap structure are located at the four corners of the dielectric substrate, and four circular through holes are arranged around the four corners of each square through hole. The positions of the four circular through holes around the hole are matched with the circular through holes of the four-element circularly polarized antenna array unit, and are used for fixing the antenna array.

The rectangular metal patch that periodically arranges the electromagnetic bandgap structural units can be divided into three parts along the long side, which are sequentially recorded as the first subunit, the second subunit and the third subunit, and each part is a square. Both the first subunit and the third subunit have metallized via holes in the center, and have the same number of turns and the same rotation direction of the Archimedes spiral groove line, the starting point of the Archimedes spiral groove line is respectively located in the metallized via hole inside. The Fermat trough is located in the second subunit, and the two ends of the trough connect the ends of the Archimedes spiral troughs of the first subunit and the third subunit. The Archimedes spiral groove line of the first subunit, the Fermat groove line of the second subunit are connected with the Archimedes spiral groove line of the third subunit. The four-element circularly polarized antenna array includes: a radiation patch, an antenna dielectric substrate, a metal floor, a metallized via hole and a circular via hole. The antenna dielectric substrate has parallel first and second surfaces. The first surface is a radiation patch, and the second surface is a metal floor. The radiating patch is a square, circular polarization is realized by cutting the corners of the patch diagonally, and the coaxial line is used for feeding. The second surface metal floor is welded. The four circularly polarized antenna units are located at the four corners of the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure, and are rotated 90 degrees in turn. The feeding coaxial line of the antenna unit passes through the square through hole of the dielectric substrate with the electromagnetic bandgap structure, and passes through the first surface and the second surface of the dielectric substrate with the electromagnetic bandgap structure in sequence.

A technical scheme of a low mutual coupling antenna array adopting a Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1), the present invention adopts Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line and double via structure, increases equivalent inductance, is conducive to realizing the miniaturization and broadbandization of electromagnetic bandgap structure, has expanded the range of electromagnetic bandgap structure application range.

(2) The present invention combines the four-element circularly polarized antenna array with the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure, which can more effectively suppress mutual coupling between antenna elements.

(3) The present invention is a Fermat-Archimedes spiral slot line double via hole electromagnetic bandgap structure with low mutual coupling antenna array, which has many design parameters available for optimization and a large degree of design freedom.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1A is a front top view of a low mutual coupling antenna array adopting a Fermat-Archimedes spiral slot line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 1B is a side view of a low mutual coupling antenna array using a Fermat-Archimedes spiral slot line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 1C is a top view of the back of the low mutual coupling antenna array adopting the Fermat-Archimedes spiral slot line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2A is the front top view of the unit of the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure of the example of the present invention;

Fig. 2B is a unit side view of the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double via hole electromagnetic bandgap structure of the example of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a comparison of the mutual coupling simulation results between the low mutual coupling antenna array of the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double via hole electromagnetic bandgap structure of the example of the present invention and the traditional four-element circularly polarized antenna array.

The meanings of reference signs in the figure are:

100: first surface;

101: metal patch;

200: second surface;

201: metal floor;

300: dielectric substrate with electromagnetic bandgap structure;

301: Circular through hole with electromagnetic bandgap structure;

302: square through hole;

303: Metallized vias with electromagnetic bandgap structure;

400: antenna unit;

401: radiation patch;

402: Antenna dielectric substrate;

403: the metal floor of the antenna;

404: radiation patch cut corner;

405: a circular through hole for the antenna;

406: the metallized via hole of the antenna;

500: Electromagnetic bandgap structural unit;

501: the first subunit of the electromagnetic bandgap structural unit;

502: the second subunit of the electromagnetic bandgap structural unit;

503: The third subunit of the electromagnetic bandgap structural unit;

601: Archimedes spiral groove line of the first subunit;

602: Fermat trough line;

603: Archimedes spiral groove line of the third subunit;

L: side length of metal grounding plate;

L1: the side length of the dielectric substrate of the antenna;

H2: The thickness of the dielectric substrate of the antenna;

a: side length of the square through hole;

r: radius of the circular through hole;

W1: distance between circular through holes;

g: spacing between electromagnetic bandgap structural units;

H: the thickness of the electromagnetic bandgap structure dielectric substrate;

L2: the long side of the electromagnetic bandgap structural unit;

W2: wide side of the electromagnetic bandgap structural unit;

W3: the width of the slot line;

W4: the distance from the center of the double metallized via hole of the electromagnetic bandgap structural unit;

L3: the side length of the radiation patch of the circularly polarized patch antenna;

R: The radius of the metallized via.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not as a limitation of the present invention.

1A to 1C are overall schematic diagrams of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2A to 2B are unit schematic diagrams of a Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure of an example of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 1C , the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure includes an electromagnetic bandgap structure dielectric substrate 300, a metal patch 101, a metallized via hole 303, and a square via hole 302. , a circular through hole 301 and a metal floor 201. The dielectric substrate 300 with an electromagnetic bandgap structure has a first surface 100 and a second surface 200 parallel to each other, wherein the second surface 200 is a metal ground plate 201 . The metal patch 101 is located on the first surface 100 and is composed of Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structural units 500 arranged in a period of 5×15. The metallized via hole 303 runs through the dielectric substrate 300 with the electromagnetic bandgap structure. The square through holes 302 are located at the four corners of the dielectric substrate 300 with the electromagnetic bandgap structure, and four circular through holes 301 are arranged around the square through holes 302 .

As shown in FIG. 2A to FIG. 2B , the distance g between the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structural units 500 is equal. The electromagnetic bandgap structural unit 500 includes two metallized via holes 303, and its metal patch 101 can be divided into three parts along the long side (L2), which are denoted as the first subunit 501, the second subunit 502 and the third subunit. Unit 503; the center of the first subunit 501 and the third subunit 503 have metallized via holes 303 respectively, and have the same number of turns and the same hand direction of the Archimedes spiral groove line, the starting point of the Archimedes spiral groove line are respectively located inside the metallized via holes 303 . The Fermat groove line 602 is located in the second subunit 502, and the two ends of the groove line are connected with the end of the Archimedes spiral groove line 601 of the first subunit 501 and the end of the Archimedes spiral groove line 603 of the third subunit 503 , so that the Archimedes spiral groove line 601 of the first subunit 501 , the Fermat groove line 602 of the second subunit 502 and the Archimedes spiral groove line 603 of the third subunit 503 are connected.

As shown in Figure 1A to Figure 1C and Figure 2A to Figure 2B: the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double via hole electromagnetic bandgap structure adopts double-sided copper-clad printed circuit boards, which are processed by PCB plate making technology . In a specific preferred embodiment, the side length L of the electromagnetic bandgap structure dielectric substrate 300 is 210mm, the thickness H is 2mm, the dielectric constant is 2.9, and the material of the metal patch is copper. The material of the metal floor 200 is copper, and the length and width are 210mm. The metallized via hole 303 has a radius of 0.5 mm, the square via hole 302 has a length and width of 22.0 mm, and the circular via hole 301 of the electromagnetic bandgap structure and the circular via hole 405 of the antenna have a radius of 0.5 mm.

As shown in FIG. 2A to FIG. 2B , the aspect ratio of the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove double-via electromagnetic bandgap structural unit is 3:1, the length L2 is 39 mm, and the width W2 is 13 mm. The groove line width W3 of the Fermat groove line 602 and the Archimedes spiral groove line 601 is 0.5 mm, the number of turns of the Archimedes spiral groove line 601 and 603 is 4, and the interval between the electromagnetic bandgap structural units is g 0.5mm.

As shown in FIG. 1A , in a specific preferred embodiment, an antenna unit 400 is composed of an antenna dielectric substrate 402 , a radiation patch 401 and a metal floor 403 . The antenna dielectric substrate 402 has a side length L1 of 22.0 mm, a thickness H2 of 2 mm, and a dielectric constant of 28. The side length L3 of the radiating patch 401 is 11.0 mm, and the radiating patch 401 achieves circular polarization through the cut corner 404 . The antenna unit 400 is fed by a coaxial line, the inner conductor of the coaxial line is welded to the radiation patch 401 through the metallized via hole 406 of the antenna, and the outer conductor of the coaxial line is welded to the metal floor 403 of the antenna. The antenna unit 400 is rotated by 90° sequentially to form a four-element antenna array. The feeding coaxial line of the antenna unit 400 passes through the square through hole 302 of the electromagnetic bandgap structure, and passes through the first surface 100 and the second surface 200 of the dielectric substrate 300 of the electromagnetic bandgap structure in sequence. The antenna unit 400 is fixed on the first surface 100 of the dielectric substrate 300 with the electromagnetic bandgap structure through the circular through hole 405 of the antenna and the circular through hole 301 of the electromagnetic bandgap structure.

Fig. 3 is a comparison of the S21 simulation results of the electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure with the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line and the antenna array without the EBG structure. The antenna center frequency is 1.268GHz, the transmission coefficient between antenna elements without EBG structure is -19.2dB, and the transmission coefficient between antenna elements with Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double via EBG structure is -19.9dB . It can be seen that the isolation between the antenna array elements after adding the EBG structure is increased by 0.7dB, so the EBG structure has a certain inhibitory effect on the mutual coupling between the antenna elements.

It can be known from the above-mentioned preferred embodiments of the present invention that the advantages of applying the present invention are: the combined application of the Fermat-Archimedes spiral groove line double-via electromagnetic bandgap structure and the antenna improves the isolation between the antenna elements and effectively suppresses the Mutual coupling between elements improves antenna performance.

Certainly, the present invention also can have other multiple embodiments, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes All changes and modifications should belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of low-cross coupling antenna array using the double via electromagnetic bandgap structures of Fermat-archimedean spiral groove line, its feature exists In：Including the double via electromagnetic bandgap structures of Fermat-archimedean spiral groove line and quaternary circular polarization antenna array, wherein：

The double via electromagnetic bandgap structures of described Fermat-archimedean spiral groove line include metal patch, electromagnetic bandgap structure is situated between Matter substrate, metal floor, metallization VIA, manhole and square through hole, electromagnetic bandgap structure medium substrate have parallel First surface and second surface, first surface are the metal patch of periodic arrangement, and second surface is metal floor；

Described quaternary circular polarization antenna array includes radiation patch, antenna medium substrates, metal floor, metallization VIA and circle Through hole, antenna medium substrates have parallel first surface and second surface, and first surface is radiation patch, and second surface is gold Possession plate；Four circular polarized antenna units are located at the corner of the double via electromagnetic bandgap structures of Fermat-archimedean spiral groove line.

2. the low-cross coupling according to claim 1 using the double via electromagnetic bandgap structures of Fermat-archimedean spiral groove line Antenna array, it is characterised in that：Electromagnetic bandgap structure unit is bimetallic via structure, and its length-width ratio is 3:1, unit spacing phase Deng.

3. the low-cross coupling according to claim 1 using the double via electromagnetic bandgap structures of Fermat-archimedean spiral groove line Antenna array, it is characterised in that：The first surface of electromagnetic bandgap structure medium substrate is the rectangular metal paster edge of periodic arrangement Long side can be divided into three parts, be designated as the 1st subelement, the 2nd subelement and the 3rd subelement, the 1st subelement and the 3rd subelement successively There are metallization VIA, and the archimedean spiral groove line with same number of turns and identical rotation direction, archimedean spiral groove line in center For starting point respectively on the inside of metallization VIA, the Fermat line of rabbet joint is located at the 2nd subelement, and line of rabbet joint both ends are single by the 1st subelement and the 3rd son The archimedean spiral groove line end of member is connected, archimedean spiral groove line, the Fermat groove of the 2nd subelement of the 1st subelement Line is connected with three articles of line of rabbet joint of archimedean spiral groove line of the 3rd subelement.

4. the low-cross coupling according to claim 1 using the double via electromagnetic bandgap structures of Fermat-archimedean spiral groove line Antenna array, it is characterised in that：Described square through hole is located at four angles of electromagnetic bandgap structure medium substrate, each square through hole Four manholes are placed with around corner.

5. the low-cross coupling according to claim 1 using the double via electromagnetic bandgap structures of Fermat-archimedean spiral groove line Antenna array, it is characterised in that：Radiation patch is square, and circular polarisation is realized by the diagonal corner cut of paster, using coaxial feeding, Coaxial inner conductor is mutually welded by metallization VIA with radiation patch, coaxial outer conductor and antenna medium substrates second surface Metal floor mutually weld, four circular polarized antenna units are located at the double via electro-magnetic bandgap knots of Fermat-archimedean spiral groove line The corner of structure, and be rotated by 90 ° successively, the feeding coaxial lines of antenna element pass through the square logical of electromagnetic bandgap structure medium substrate Hole, sequentially pass through electromagnetic bandgap structure medium substrate first surface and second surface.

6. the low-cross coupling according to claim 1 using the double via electromagnetic bandgap structures of Fermat-archimedean spiral groove line Antenna array, it is characterised in that：There are four manholes circular polarized antenna unit corner, double with Fermat-archimedean spiral groove line Four manhole diameters around four square through holes of via electromagnetic bandgap structure are identical with pitch of holes, for by circular polarisation Antenna is fixed on the first surface of electromagnetic bandgap structure medium substrate.