CN105448178A - Automatic device and method for simulating drilling of anchor rod hole in tunnel - Google Patents
Automatic device and method for simulating drilling of anchor rod hole in tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN105448178A CN105448178A CN201510934833.XA CN201510934833A CN105448178A CN 105448178 A CN105448178 A CN 105448178A CN 201510934833 A CN201510934833 A CN 201510934833A CN 105448178 A CN105448178 A CN 105448178A
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- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic device for simulating drilling of an anchor rod hole in a tunnel. A conical driven gear and a conical driving gear, which are engaged with each other, are disposed in a head housing. The conical driven gear is coaxially provided with a vertical shaft, a drill bit clamp, and a drill bit. The outer part of the head housing is provided with a displacement sensor on the same side of the drill bit. The bottom part of the conical driving gear is disposed on a transmission shaft, which is coaxially provided with at least a group of supporting shoes. The transmission shaft is coaxially disposed on a mini-sized rotating motor and a rotating shaft. The angle positioning gear of the bottom part of the rotating shaft is engaged with a gear of a mini-sized stepping motor. A computer control system is connected with the mini-sized stepping motor, the mini-sized rotating motor, and the displacement sensor. The drilling of the anchor rod hole in the specific position of the tunnel can be simulated accurately, and the operation is simple, and therefore the tunnel simulation testing result is accurate and reliable, the device provided by the invention can be widely used for the drilling of the anchor rod hole in the tunnel surrounding rock and other rock masses, and device can be cooperated with the test and the research of the tunnel surrounding rock and other rock masses.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical models for rock mass rig for testing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of automation equipment and the using method thereof of simulating armature boring in tunnel.
Background technology
Along with national economy and the high speed development of society, occur that many unprecedented large-engineerings and super large engineering are with the needs of satisfied social develop rapidly, as water conservancy, traffic, tunnel and various defence engineering both at home and abroad.In urban infrastructure, available land resource reduces increasingly, and increasing infrastructure shifts to underground.Subterranean tunnel is a kind of engineering of complexity, and its country rock is in a kind of geologic media of complexity, and the size of underground chamber is increasing, therefore particularly important to the stability study of underground chamber simultaneously.The deformation-failure character of the country rock under the different support system of research tunnel and surrounding rock controlling mechanism, and the supporting scheme of science is proposed, there is important theory significance and construction value.
Physical simulation experiment is developed on the basis of proportioning at analog material, by the realization of development indoor physical simulation pilot system to the analog simulation of the geologic model of generalization from loading, excavation, supporting etc.Compared to indoor rock mechanics experiment, numerical simulation and field monitoring research method, major influence factors can be reflected in simulation test by similarity theory by indoor physical simulation test, different influence conditions can be set easily, coherent detection instrument can be laid in advance, thus rationally disclose the stress distribution feature, stress Evolution, deformation failure form etc. of Wall Rock of Tunnel, to realize the Real-Time Monitoring to supporting effect.
In the process of tunnel excavation, need a large amount of drilling operations, as drilling and blasting method excavation, bolt supporting, surrouding rock deformation monitoring, rock burst protection etc.The physical experiments in tunnel also needs to simulate these construction technologies, and armature boring is indispensable sport technique segment, wherein the degree of depth of armature boring, and the accurate control etc. of armature boring position is the technological difficulties of armature boring simulation.
At present, in physical simulation experiment, the analog simulation process such as supporting (comprise and bore anchor hole, skyhook, whitewashing etc.), monitoring of tunnel interior " country rock " after mainly containing the configuration of analog material, model test piece loading, tunnel excavation, excavation.The diameter, loading method, excavation method, method for protecting support etc. of the material character of model, the size of model, tunnel excavation are more similar to prototype, and the result of simulation test is more reliable, can be larger for the property used for reference.
In model test, in tunnel excavation, bore anchor hole main method has:
(1) at assigned address pre-buried " anchor pole " similar to prototype when test specimen makes, without the need to boring anchor hole.
(2), after tunnel excavation, in tunnel, precalculated position manually or utilize rig to excavate out the anchor hole of definite shape.
These two kinds of methods there is following shortcoming respectively:
(1) mode of pre-buried " anchor pole " does not conform to real process.At the scene in work progress, first in tunnel, beat bolthole, then in hole, inject Anchor Agent, then skyhook.When the method for this pre-buried " anchor pole " does sunykatuib analysis, stressing conditions is different with practice of construction situation, and effect is also different with impact, can not completely matching actual state; But also the process noting Anchor Agent in hole can not be simulated.
(2) in order to closing to reality condition of construction, the method adopting Manual drilling or hand-held drill to excavate bolthole in tunnel is feasible to simple process of the test.The size of existing master pattern is little, and generally that conventional is 1m × 1m × 1m, and the diameter of Excavation simulation tunnel is also less, is generally no more than 200mm.If simple analog test, adopting hand drill vertical tunnel wall in tunnel to excavate bolthole to a certain extent can matching practice of construction situation.But, when simulation tunnel is longer, simulation tunnel diameter is less or when there is hidden excavation, almost cannot excavate bolthole by Manual drilling or hand-held drill in long and narrow simulation tunnel; And Manual drilling or hand-held drill excavation almost cannot accomplish the accurate location of bore position, drilling depth.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned existing problems, the first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of automation equipment that can be applicable to tunnel internal drilling in physical simulation experiment, adopt mechanization and automated system can realize the operation of long and narrow tunnel internal drilling, improve the efficiently and accurately of tunnel internal drilling, solve the technological difficulties such as the position of boring and the accurate control of drilling depth.
To achieve these goals, the present invention devises a kind of automation equipment of simulating armature boring in tunnel, intermeshing taper follower gear and taper driving gear is provided with in its head shell, taper follower gear is coaxially installed with vertical shaft, the top of vertical shaft arranges drilling attachment, and drilling attachment inner clip is equipped with drill bit; Head shell outside is provided with displacement transducer at drill bit homonymy;
The bottom of taper driving gear is arranged on transmission shaft; Transmission shaft coaxial sleeve is equipped with transmission shaft sheath and at least one group of support boots; The bottom of transmission shaft is arranged on Miniature rotating motor; The bottom of Miniature rotating motor is coaxially arranged in rotating shaft; The bottom of rotating shaft is provided with angle orientation gear; Micro-step motor gear on angle orientation gear and micro-step motor engages each other;
Computer control system connects micro-step motor, Miniature rotating motor and displacement transducer.
In technique scheme, each described group support boots comprise at least two support boots; The support boots cover of each support boots is arranged on the periphery of transmission shaft, and the support boots plate of each support boots is supported on tunnel wall; Support boots lifting jack is provided with between support boots plate and support boots cover.
In technique scheme, described support boots lifting jack inside is provided with pressure transducer and connects computer control system.
In technique scheme, described rotating shaft outer cover is equipped with rotating shaft sheath; The periphery of described rotating shaft sheath is provided with vertically scale, is circumferentially provided with angle.
The second object of the present invention adopts said apparatus to the method for armature boring in simulation tunnel, comprises the following steps:
Step 1) simulating the axial location first determining bolthole in tunnel, by drill jig after drilling attachment, in drilling attachment retraction head shell, head shell entirety is stretched in simulation tunnel;
Step 2) computer control system controls micro-step motor and micro-step motor gear, thus determines the anglec of rotation of angle orientation gear;
Step 3) rotation of computer control system manipulation Miniature rotating motor drive transmission shaft, ensure that drill bit enters country rock appointed area by taper driving gear;
Step 4) computer control system utilizes displacement transducer to feed back, the distance of calibration bits displacement sensor and country rock appointed area, and determine that drill bit proceeds to the degree of depth of bolthole;
Step 5) drill bit extend out to and starts working close to after country rock;
Step 6) while bit bore by the feedback information of displacement transducer, the contraction of computer control system manipulation support boots lifting jack servocontrol support boots or elongation, provide the support in boring procedure and thrust;
Step 7) retraction of finishing the work after drill bit pierces designated depth, by the feedback information of displacement transducer, computer control system manipulation Miniature rotating motor quits work, the elongation of the boots of manipulation support simultaneously lifting jack servocontrol support boots or contraction, head shell entirety is return from tunnel, or repeats step 1) enter the boring of next assigned address; Until complete all drilled hole work.
As can be seen from the above-mentioned technical scheme provided, the automation equipment of armature boring and method in the simulation tunnel of the present invention's design, have the following advantages:
1, in rock simulation test, first tunnel excavation, on tunnel wall, then utilize this device to excavate bolthole, its construction procedure can be consistent with site operation process.The simulation test of matching fully can expire matching design to be needed, and its test findings and precision can be guaranteed.
At the trial, first tunnel excavation, then utilizes this device can the drilled bolthole perpendicular to tunnel wall.Anchor Agent can also be noted and skyhook subsequently in bolthole.Can simulate actual condition of construction and process completely, its stressed analysis result that waits is consistent with actual conditions, not by the impact of bore mode.
2, the situation that the diameter that is little, Excavation simulation tunnel of the size especially for existing master pattern is also less, or when simulation tunnel is longer, simulation tunnel diameter is less or when there is hidden excavation, long enough rotating shaft and transmission shaft is only needed in long and narrow simulation tunnel, drill bit can be delivered to assigned address in simulation tunnel, the bolthole of different-diameter can also be simulated by exchanging drill bit, computer control system can accomplish bore position accurately, drilling depth accurate.
3, in long and narrow tunnel, bolthole is bored, existing means (Manual drilling or hand-held drill) are all difficult to provide the reaction thrust in drilling operation process, the stable of drilling equipment in boring procedure (hand drill or hand-held drill) cannot be ensured, also cannot ensure its precision of holing and accuracy.The present invention controls support boots lifting jack by computer control system, thus manipulation support boots provide thrust in drilling operation and support; Ensure its precision of holing and accuracy according to this.
The present invention can accurately bore bolthole by assigned address in simulation tunnel, simple to operate, ensures tunnel analog reslt accurately and reliably, can be widely used in the bolthole excavation of the rock mass such as various Wall Rock of Tunnels, coordinate the test and study of the rock mass such as Wall Rock of Tunnel.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the automation equipment of armature boring in the simulation tunnel that Fig. 1 designs for the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view at A-A place in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view at B-B place in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is that bolthole position arranges schematic diagram.
In figure: head shell 1, drilling attachment 2, drill bit 3, taper driving gear 4, displacement transducer 5, vertical shaft 6, taper follower gear 7, support boots 8, support boots plate 8.1, support boots cover 8.2, support boots lifting jack 8.3, transmission shaft sheath 9, transmission shaft 10, Miniature rotating motor 11, rotating shaft 12, rotating shaft sheath 13, angle orientation gear 14, micro-step motor 15, micro-step motor gear 15.1, computer control system 16,, bolthole 17, the angle Φ of adjacent anchor rod aperture, simulation tunnel diameter D.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail, so that people's the understanding of the present invention.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present invention devises a kind of automation equipment of simulating armature boring in tunnel, intermeshing taper follower gear 7 and taper driving gear 4 is provided with in its head shell 1, taper follower gear 7 is coaxially installed with vertical shaft 6, the top of vertical shaft 6 arranges drilling attachment 2, and drilling attachment 2 inner clip is equipped with drill bit 3; Head shell 1 outside is provided with displacement transducer 5 at drill bit 3 homonymy.
The bottom of taper driving gear 4 is arranged on transmission shaft 10; Transmission shaft 10 coaxial sleeve is equipped with transmission shaft sheath 9 and at least one group of support boots 8; The bottom of transmission shaft 10 is arranged on Miniature rotating motor 11; The bottom of Miniature rotating motor 11 is coaxially arranged in rotating shaft 12; The bottom of rotating shaft 12 is provided with angle orientation gear 14; Micro-step motor gear 15.1 on angle orientation gear 14 and micro-step motor 15 engages each other.Computer control system 16 connects micro-step motor 15, Miniature rotating motor 11 and displacement transducer 5.
Each described group support boots 8 comprise two support boots 8; The support boots cover 8.2 of each support boots 8 is arranged on the periphery of transmission shaft 10, and the support boots plate 8.1 of each support boots 8 is supported on tunnel wall; Support boots lifting jack 8.3 is provided with between support boots plate 8.1 and support boots cover 8.2; Computer control system 16 controls support boots lifting jack 8.3.
Concrete, be provided with pressure transducer in described support boots lifting jack 8.3 inside, computer control system 16 supports the flexible of boots lifting jack 8.3 by the feedback information servocontrol of pressure transducer, provides the thrust in drilling operation and support.
If simulation tunnel is longer, and when transmission shaft 10 is also long, also can on the periphery of transmission shaft 10 before and after many group support boots 8 are set, thus ensure the positioning stablity of transmission shaft 10, ensure that the bolthole 17 of drill bit 3 produces a desired effect.Or each group support boots 8 is symmetrical arranged four, eight support boots 8 vertically on transmission shaft 10 periphery; The positioning stablity of same guarantee transmission shaft 10.
Described rotating shaft 12 outer cover is equipped with rotating shaft sheath 13; The periphery of described rotating shaft sheath 13 is provided with scale vertically, is circumferentially provided with angle.Angle orientation gear 14 bottom rotating shaft 12 and micro-step motor gear 15.1 engage, thus facilitate the Primary Location of drill bit 3 in tunnel.
As shown in Figure 4, need to bore multiple bolthole 17 successively in simulation tunnel, the angle of the adjacent anchor rod aperture on same vertical guide is Φ=28 °, simulation tunnel diameter D=200mm.
Concrete, use the method for the automation equipment of armature boring in this simulation tunnel, comprise the following steps:
Step 1) in simulation tunnel, first determine by the scale on rotating shaft sheath 13 and angle orientation gear 16 the country rock appointed area that bolthole 17 is to be squeezed into, after drill bit 3 is clipped in drilling attachment 2, drilling attachment 2 is retracted in head shell 1, head shell 1 entirety is stretched in simulation tunnel;
Step 2) computer control system 16 controls micro-step motor 15 and drives micro-step motor gear 15.1; Micro-step motor gear 15.1 adjusts and determines the accurate anglec of rotation of angle orientation gear 14;
Step 3) computer control system 16 manipulates Miniature rotating motor 11 and drives transmission shaft 10 to rotate; Transmission shaft 10 drives taper follower gear 7 by driving taper driving gear 4, and then ensures the lifting of drilling attachment 2, make drill bit 3 stretch out laggard enter country rock appointed area;
Step 4) computer control system 15 utilizes displacement transducer 5 to feed back, the distance of calibration bits displacement sensor 5 and country rock appointed area, and determine that drill bit 3 proceeds to the degree of depth of bolthole 17;
Step 5) drill bit 3 extend out to and starts working close to behind country rock appointed area, bores bolthole 17;
Step 6) drill bit 3 hole while by the feedback information of displacement transducer 5, computer control system 15 manipulates contraction or the elongation of support boots lifting jack 8.3 servocontrol one end support boots 8, the simultaneously elongation of the support boots 8 of the other end or contraction, provide the support in boring procedure and thrust;
Step 7) retraction of finishing the work after drill bit 3 pierces designated depth, by the feedback information of displacement transducer 5, computer control system 15 manipulates Miniature rotating motor 11 and quits work, and the boots of manipulation support simultaneously lifting jack 8.3 servocontrol support boots 8 shrink or extend, and are return by drill bit;
Repeat above-mentioned steps 1 again) ~ 7) interval angle Φ=28 ° boring successively on this vertical guide; Until complete all drilled hole work on this vertical guide.
Axial anchor hole array pitch is determined, so same repetition step 1 by the scale controlled in transmission shaft sheath 13) ~ 7), drilled all boltholes 17 are until after finishing the work successively, head shell 1 entirety return from tunnel.
Claims (5)
1. simulate the automation equipment of armature boring in tunnel for one kind, it is characterized in that: in head shell (1), be provided with intermeshing taper follower gear (7) and taper driving gear (4), taper follower gear (7) is coaxially installed with vertical shaft (6), the top of vertical shaft (6) arranges drilling attachment (2), and drilling attachment (2) inner clip is equipped with drill bit (3); Head shell (1) outside is provided with displacement transducer (5) at drill bit (3) homonymy;
The bottom of taper driving gear (4) is arranged on transmission shaft (10); Transmission shaft (10) coaxial sleeve is equipped with transmission shaft sheath (9) and at least one group of support boots (8); The bottom of transmission shaft (10) is arranged on Miniature rotating motor (11); The bottom of Miniature rotating motor (11) is coaxially arranged in rotating shaft (12); The bottom of rotating shaft (12) is provided with angle orientation gear (14); Micro-step motor gear (15.1) on angle orientation gear (14) and micro-step motor (15) engages each other;
Computer control system (16) connects micro-step motor (15), Miniature rotating motor (11) and displacement transducer (5).
2. the automation equipment of armature boring in simulation tunnel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: each described group support boots (8) comprises at least two supports boots (8); The support boots cover (8.2) of each support boots (8) is arranged on the periphery of transmission shaft (10), and the support boots plate (8.1) of each support boots (8) is supported on tunnel wall; Support boots lifting jack (8.3) is provided with between support boots plate (8.1) and support boots cover (8.2).
3. the automation equipment of armature boring in simulation tunnel according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described support boots lifting jack (8.3) inside is provided with pressure transducer and connects computer control system (16).
4. the automation equipment of armature boring in simulation tunnel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described rotating shaft (12) outer cover is equipped with rotating shaft sheath (13); The periphery of described rotating shaft sheath (13) is provided with scale vertically, is circumferentially provided with angle.
5. the using method of the automation equipment of armature boring in the simulation tunnel according to any one of the claims 1 ~ 4, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1) simulating the axial location first determining bolthole (17) in tunnel, after drill bit (3) is clipped in drilling attachment (2), in drilling attachment (2) retraction head shell (1), head shell (1) entirety is stretched in simulation tunnel;
Step 2) computer control system (16) controls micro-step motor (15) and micro-step motor gear (15.1), thus determines the anglec of rotation of angle orientation gear (14);
Step 3) computer control system (16) manipulation Miniature rotating motor (11) drive transmission shaft (10) rotation, ensure that drill bit (3) enters country rock appointed area by taper driving gear (4);
Step 4) computer control system (15) utilizes displacement transducer (5) to feed back, the distance of calibration bits displacement sensor (5) and country rock appointed area, and determine that drill bit (3) proceeds to the degree of depth of bolthole;
Step 5) drill bit (3) extend out to and starts working close to after country rock;
Step 6) drill bit (3) hole while by the feedback information of displacement transducer (5), the contraction of computer control system (15) manipulation support boots lifting jack (8.3) servocontrol support boots (8) or elongation, provide the support in boring procedure and thrust;
Step 7) retraction of finishing the work after drill bit (3) pierces designated depth, by the feedback information of displacement transducer (5), computer control system (15) manipulation Miniature rotating motor (11) quits work, the elongation of manipulation support boots lifting jack (8.3) servocontrol support boots (8) simultaneously or contraction, head shell (1) entirety is return from tunnel, or repeats step 1) enter the boring of next assigned address; Until complete all drilled hole work.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510934833.XA CN105448178A (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2015-12-15 | Automatic device and method for simulating drilling of anchor rod hole in tunnel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510934833.XA CN105448178A (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2015-12-15 | Automatic device and method for simulating drilling of anchor rod hole in tunnel |
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| CN105448178A true CN105448178A (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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| CN201510934833.XA Pending CN105448178A (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2015-12-15 | Automatic device and method for simulating drilling of anchor rod hole in tunnel |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107655740A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-02-02 | 山东科技大学 | The device and method of different anchorage angle joint plane shear strength test specimens can be tested by making |
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| US20130054203A1 (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-02-28 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Modeling and simulation of complete drill strings |
| CN102536117A (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2012-07-04 | 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 | Machine-mounted type multipurpose anchor rod drilling machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107655740A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-02-02 | 山东科技大学 | The device and method of different anchorage angle joint plane shear strength test specimens can be tested by making |
| CN107655740B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2024-01-12 | 山东科技大学 | Device and method for manufacturing test piece capable of testing shear strength of joint surfaces of different anchoring angles |
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Application publication date: 20160330 |
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