CN105447123A - Data classification, storage and query methods - Google Patents
Data classification, storage and query methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN105447123A CN105447123A CN201510789146.3A CN201510789146A CN105447123A CN 105447123 A CN105447123 A CN 105447123A CN 201510789146 A CN201510789146 A CN 201510789146A CN 105447123 A CN105447123 A CN 105447123A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/24—Querying
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/22—Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
Abstract
The present invention provides a data storage method which comprises: partitioning attribute information of data to be stored into homogenous attribute information and discriminative attribute information, wherein the homogenous attribute information comprises common information of different individuals in a category of the data, and the discriminative attribute information comprises information of each different individuals in the category of the data; carrying out layering and encoding on the homogenous attribute information of the data according to a sequence of ranges to which the homogenous attribute information belongs from high to low or from low to high so as to obtain meaningful codes of the data; creating a sublist for containing the discriminative attribute information of the individuals for the individuals in the category of the data; and and filling the discriminative attribute information of the data into the sublist.
Description
The divisional application that the application is application number is 200910246906.0, denomination of invention is " a kind of classification of data, storage and querying method ", the applying date is China's application on Dec 1st, 2009.
Technical field
The present invention relates to database technical field, particularly to the classification of data, storage and inquiry.
Background technology
Along with the development of society and the progress of technology, the data relevant with the various activity such as daily life, work, study constantly increase, and can being directly connected to correlated activation to the efficiency of management of the data of these gesture in magnanimity normally carry out.Although current people have employed multiple supplementary means to realize the management of data, particularly computer application and the universal efficiency drastically increasing data management especially, but along with the further increase of data volume, how to utilize computing machine to complete data management fast and efficiently thus meet the daily demand of people, having become a current urgent problem.
For the shopping at network of current increased popularity, due to can for the kind of commodity of online transaction and quantity at expanding day, therefore, only have the management data relevant with these merchandise newss being carried out to science, user just likely from numerous of the same race or not the same kind of goods fast finding to required purchase commodity.Otherwise user cannot find commodity the most suitable, or namely allow to find required commodity, also want the at substantial time.As can be seen here, great impact is had on the management with merchandise news relevant data on the universal of this emerging business model of shopping at network.
In the prior art, also exist by carrying out classification and marking to realize the many methods managed to commodity, but utilize these methods to realize when many attribute of the same race or not the same kind of goods accepts or rejects comparison query on a large scale on computers, exist and search the series of problems such as inconvenience, seek rate be slow.As in the prior art, the information of commodity usually can be represented with such as bar code or the numerical coding corresponding with bar code.Position due to bar code or its numerical coding place does not represent any customizing messages of commodity, and therefore bar code is defined as encoding without implication.These bar codes, except can identifying a certain concrete commodity, cannot embody the relation between this commodity and the same kind of goods.Such as, for " amoxil capsule " this kind of medicine, it has different manufacturers, the numerical coding of the bar code of 0.25g × 20 of the amoxil capsule that Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical General Factory produces is 6902401960119, the numerical coding of the bar code of 0.25g × 50 is 6902401002635, and the numerical coding of the bar code of amoxil capsule 0.25g × 20 that Beikenuodun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kunming produces is 6905863928161.The rest may be inferred, in real life, the producer producing amoxil capsule has hundred, that is, the bar code representing same medicine " amoxil capsule " because of differences such as producer's difference, specification packagings, can have different, mutual incoherent hundreds and thousands of codings.If consumer needs to carry out price comparison to all " amoxil capsule " medicines on computers, find the price of most suitable medicine, its primary operations is in computing machine by hundreds and thousands of coding inputs, then could retrieve corresponding price by computing machine according to these commodity codes, screen for consumer.In above process, by hundreds and thousands of the coding inputs of medicine that will inquire about in computing machine, be first exactly a problem needing at substantial time and manpower.
In order to improve the speed of coding input, in prior art by without implication coding input computer a kind of common methods be items scanning bar code, to be input to one by one in computing machine without implication coding by the mode of scanning record, computing machine carries out calculating and retrieving according to encoding without implication of input.But this Input Process needs commodity material object packaging on the one hand just can carry out, and still needs a large amount of manual operations on the other hand.Once there is not commodity material object packaging in reality, that just needs relevant staff directly to input relevant encoding without implication by computer keyboard.Due to the irregularities without implication coding itself, general staff unlikely remembers substantial amounts and numerous and diverse encoding without implication without chapter, and this just have impact on the input speed without implication coding further.In one query process, the kind of involved commodity is more, and the quantity without implication coding that will input before inquiry is more, also larger on the impact of inquiry velocity.Except speed slowly except, sixty-four dollar question be not by input commodity without implication coding, the same kind of goods is all retrieved.
Except searching except the relevant information of medicine by input without implication coding in prior art, the another kind of method easily expected directly inputs nomenclature of drug, then searched, compared the information of corresponding goods by nomenclature of drug.But at field of medicaments, the same medicine that different manufacturers is produced may have a multitude of names, various title.Therefore, if searching relevant information by inputting the mode of nomenclature of drug, be not only easy to run into and omit relevant information, problem that lookup result is incomplete, and the speed of inquiry slowly.
In computer searching process, except type of merchandize information input inconvenience, the data structure that also can run into due to commodity storage causes the problem that merchandise related information inquiry velocity is slow, cannot meet the demand of real-time query.In prior art, when the information of commodity being stored in computing machine, usually can store the relevant information of multiple commodity in a database with a table as shown in Figure 1, commodity occupy a data item of this table.After user input query condition, computing machine inquires about relevant data item in a database according to querying condition, thus finds the commodity that will search.Due to the quantity of the commodity of online transaction can be supplied very huge, on the basis of this tables of data, even if having employed various accelerated method of the prior art, as set up index in tables of data, using hardware to share magnetic disc i/o etc., the fast query meeting requirement of real time to commodity still cannot be realized.Such as, suppose to the information of all medicines conventionally in index stores mode store, then in one query process, require to carry out query composition to ten kinds of medicines, require that the multiple attribute such as the price to medicine, specification, packaging, the term of validity, manufacturer, dealer, sale region compares and combines simultaneously, its requirement according to demander is arranged, for demander drug purchase provides best price quality ratio scheme.Completing of above-mentioned query script needs dozens of minutes even several hours, and this is obviously unacceptable for user.
In addition, the correlation technique of prior art can only provide a kind of inquiry of item property to user, namely inputs a trade name or code command, can only retrieve the item property under this instruction items.If user needs to compare multiple item property of the same race, the data that repeatedly instruction retrieval can only be arrived, with manually comparing and result of calculation, this is obviously unfavorable for that user's is easy-to-look-up.Such as, medicine, except this attribute information of title, also includes the multiple attributes such as such as dosage, unit, packaging, date of manufacture, the term of validity, drug price, manufacturer, dealer.If after nomenclature of drug is set to search criterion by user, need to compare one by one this attribute of drug price voluntarily in lookup result, be obviously so unacceptable for user.Common network search engines just has this problem usually.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the defect that coded system retrieval rate when realizing data retrieval of prior art is slow, thus a kind of storage and querying method of data are provided.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of date storage method, comprising:
Step 1), the attribute information of data that will store is divided into homogeneity attribute information and discriminative attributes information; Wherein, the information that the Different Individual that described homogeneity attribute information comprises this data place class has jointly, the information that the Different Individual that described discriminative attributes information comprises this data place class has separately;
Step 2), the homogeneity attribute information of described data is carried out layering and coding by affiliated scope order from high to low or from low to high, the implication that has obtaining these data is encoded;
Step 3), create the sublist of discriminative attributes information for comprising above-mentioned individuality for the individuality of described data place class;
Step 4), the discriminative attributes information of described data is inserted in described sublist.
In technique scheme, the step 4 described) in, the discriminative attributes information of described data is encoded.
In technique scheme, carry out layering and coding by the affiliated scope discriminative attributes information of order to described data from high to low or from low to high, be wherein saidly layered as one or more layers; The unlimited class definition representation of the coding obtained.
In technique scheme, the base class of each the group code in described unlimited class definition code all can add up, and longitudinally can be added to the greatest measure of base class fixed length, laterally can infinitely classify down layer by layer.
In technique scheme, the described implication coding that has comprises multiple groups, and a group coding represents one deck homogeneity attribute information of data; One group has the corresponding data encoding table described in of implication coding, last group have implication encode corresponding to data encoding watch chain receive after one group have implication encode corresponding to data encoding table on, when add in data encoding table have implication encode reach setting N component class time, call base table, the sublist that a certain individuality that establishment one is identical with base table form is automatically associated.
In technique scheme, the employing of implication coding comprises arabic numeral in described having, the symbol of letter is represented.
In technique scheme, the coding of the discriminative attributes information of described data comprises one or more groups coded string, describes one deck information in the discriminative attributes information that will represent by a group coding character string; The group number of the coding of the discriminative attributes information of described data is relevant with the level of the discriminative attributes information that will represent.
In technique scheme, each group coding character string of the coding of the discriminative attributes information of described data is made up of arabic numeral.
Present invention also offers a kind of data enquire method, for realizing the inquiry to the data adopting described date storage method to store; The method comprises:
Step 1), determine that the implication that has of these data is encoded according to the data that will inquire about;
Step 2), according to described have implication coding lookup and this have implication encode corresponding to the sublist for storing these data that will inquire about;
Step 3), in described sublist, search the discriminative attributes information of data.
In technique scheme, described step 2) comprising:
A group coding after progressively searching according to the last group coding having implication to encode of described data, to have implication to encode the sublist be associated until found out by last group coding with this.
In technique scheme, described step 3) comprising:
Step 3-1), from the data item of described sublist, extract the coding for representing data discriminative attributes of candidate according to querying condition;
Step 3-2), in conjunction with querying condition zone-by-zone analysis, the coding for representing data discriminative attributes selecting described candidate, successively reduce seek scope, until find the coding that will inquire about.
Present invention also offers a kind of database, comprising the data encoding table of the homogeneity attribute information for storing data, for storing the sublist of the discriminative attributes information of data; Described data encoding table points to the sublist corresponding with this data encoding table; Wherein,
Described homogeneity attribute information comprises the information that the Different Individual that will store data place class has jointly, and described discriminative attributes information comprises the information that the Different Individual that will store data place class has separately;
Described homogeneity attribute information is by affiliated scope order from high to low or carry out layering and coding from low to high, and the implication that has obtaining these data is encoded; The described implication coding that has is kept in described data encoding table.
In technique scheme, described sublist stores the coding of the discriminative attributes information of described data.
In technique scheme, described data encoding table has multiple, and a data coding schedule is to one group that implication should be had to encode, and a group coding represents a kind of homogeneity attribute of data; Last group have implication encode corresponding to data encoding watch chain receive after one group have implication encode corresponding to data encoding table on, described in have implication encode in the data encoding watch chain corresponding to last group receive in described sublist.
In technique scheme, the coding of the discriminative attributes information of described data comprises one or more groups coded string, describes one deck information in the discriminative attributes information that will represent by a group coding character string; The group number of the coding of the discriminative attributes information of described data is relevant with the level of the discriminative attributes information that will represent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the data structure schematic diagram of database in store commodity information of prior art;
Fig. 2 to encode the example figure defined the homogeneity attribute of medicine with there being implication;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram according to the medicine coding table having implication coding to generate;
Fig. 4 is the structural relation figure between the medicine coding table shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the different groups of tree structure graphs of a relation having between implication coding;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the base table in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of medicine coding table and sublist;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the contrast relationship table with individual layer relation;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the complete coding of medicine;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the contrast relationship table with multilayer relation;
Figure 11 is quotation comparison sheet;
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram with there being implication coded representation law text.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is illustrated.
In an embodiment below, for medicine, implementation procedure of the present invention will be illustrated.But those of ordinary skill in the art should understand, method of the present invention can be adopted equally for the commodity of the other types except medicine or noncommodity.
In order to realize the fast query to medicine, first the attribute of medicine is divided into homogeneity attribute and discriminative attributes.So-called homogeneity attribute refers to that a certain similar drug all has and that content is identical attribute, and it can not change because of the difference of pharmaceutical production producer.So-called discriminative attributes refers to a certain similar drug those attributes except homogeneity attribute.Such as, for this similar drug of penicillin, no matter be which producer produces, its classifying drugs is that this attribute of penicillins can not change because of the difference of manufacturer, and its formal name (common name) is this attribute of benzyl penicillin and its drug variety is that this attribute of Western medicine antimicrobial agents all can not change.Therefore, above-mentioned constant attribute information all belongs to homogeneity attribute.Contrary, for this similar drug of penicillin, if the production of Guangzhou pharmaceutical factory, its attribute such as manufacturer, price, dosage, unit, packaging will be different with the attribute of the relevant medicine of Kunming pharmaceutical factory generation.Even if be the penicillin medicine that Guangzhou pharmaceutical factory produces equally, the attribute informations such as the date of manufacture between different batches medicine, the term of validity, price, dealer also can there are differences.These attributes that can change due to factors are called as discriminative attributes.
In the present invention, the homogeneity attribute of mode to medicine having implication to encode is adopted to define.A kind of basic representation having implication to encode is: first group. second group. and the 3rd group. .... N group (N be more than or equal to 1 integer).Although in the above example, distinguish each group having implication to encode with ". ", also can adopt other packet marking, as "/", "; " etc.In addition, the figure place of each group coding also can be specified, now, can without the need for extra packet marking between the group having implication to encode and group.In one embodiment, described encoded by implication in each group be made up of arabic numeral, a group represents a certain generic attribute of medicine.As in the example shown in figure 2, first group coding having implication to encode represents the kind of medicine, and the second group coding represents the classification of medicine, and the 3rd group coding represents the title of medicine, and the 4th group coding then represents the another name of medicine.With when having an implication coded representation homogeneity attribute, should be arranged multiple homogeneity attribute according to the range size of homogeneity attribute, then have implication to encode with many groups and represent the homogeneity attribute after these arrangements successively.Such as, in this application, the kind of described medicine is the concept larger compared with the classification range of medicine, in the example of Fig. 2, therefore represents the kind of medicine with first group that has implication to encode, and represent the classification of medicine with second group.Again because a nomenclature of drug may be called by corresponding multiple medicine, if benzyl penicillin is except having this medicine of penicillin and calling, parasiticin, benzyl XiLin etc. can also be had, therefore, nomenclature of drug is the concept larger compared with medicine another name scope, so represent nomenclature of drug with the 3rd group in the example of Fig. 2, represent that medicine is called with the 4th group.Although in the example of figure 2, represent a group coding by 3 bit digital, those skilled in the art should understand, and the figure place of each group coding is not limited to 3, can increase or reduce according to actual needs.In addition, except indicate implication coding with arabic numeral except, in other embodiments, also implication coding can be shown with, as English alphabet with other symbol tables.After adopting the homogeneity attribute having implication coding definition medicine, for a kind of medicine, it has implication to encode is unique.For penicillin noted earlier, no matter be which manufacturer produces, no matter be also which kind of batch, or be the penicillin of which kind of specification, it has implication coding all to represent with 101.001.001.001.In the above-described embodiments, although be the medicine of particular type in this field of medicine, definition specifically has implication to encode, and this has implication coding to allow to re-define in other areas.Such as, because of medicine system and food system mutually isolated, in field of food, Mongolia Ox yoghurt can be defined with having the implication 101.001.001.001 that encodes.Therefore have implication to be coded in re-defining in different field can not to have an impact to the inquiry of commodity.By the homogeneity attribute of medicine with after having implication coded representation, the situation representing same medicine with hundreds and thousands of different codings mentioned in background technology can be avoided on the one hand, also the concrete meaning of each group during implication can be utilized on the other hand to encode, clearly search target, accelerate seek rate.
The implication that has according to medicine is encoded, and sets up medicine coding table in the database for storing medicine information.In one embodiment, for the penicillin medicine shown in Fig. 2, set up tables of data as shown in Figure 3.The logging data of the first group coding in having implication to encode has been shown in Fig. 3 (a).This tables of data comprises four, is respectively Field ID, has implication to encode, Chinese describes, creation-time.Field ID wherein generates when being tables of data establishment automatically; Implication is had to be encoded to 101; Chinese is described as drug variety; Creation-time is then the creation-time of this tables of data.The logging data of the second group coding having implication to encode has been shown in Fig. 3 (b).This data layout and Fig. 3 (a) similar, just having the content of adding in implication code field to be the combination of the first group coding and the second group coding, namely 101.001, Chinese is described as classifying drugs.Similar, in Fig. 3 (c), Fig. 3 (d), respectively illustrate the logging data of the 3rd group, the 4th group of implication coding.The content of implication code field of having in Fig. 3 (c) is 101.001.001, and Chinese is described as nomenclature of drug.The content of implication code field that has in Fig. 3 (d) is 101.001.001.001, and Chinese is described as medicine another name.Give the annexation between four data given in Fig. 3 in the diagram, as can be seen from the figure, the data of a upper group coding are connected to the data of next group coding by the mode of such as pointer, have transitive relation between the data of upper and lower group coding.It should be noted that, due in the example shown in figure 2, the medicine penicillin belonging to Western medicine antimicrobial agents only has one, the data of the upper group coding therefore in Fig. 4 point to the data of next group coding uniquely, but in fact, no matter be the data having implication to be encoded to 101, still implication is had to be encoded to the data of 101.001, or have implication to be encoded to the data of 101.001.001, the number of data connected thereafter can have multiple, therefore, tree structure is as shown in Figure 5 generally between the many group codings data having implication to encode.As can be seen from Figure 5, the latter linked of first group coding 001 has the second group coding, second group coding includes three, they are 001,002,003 respectively, the 3rd group coding is also connected with after the second group coding, as the second group coding 001 is connected to the 3rd group coding represented with 001,002,003 respectively afterwards, can also connect the 4th group coding after the 3rd group coding, and as the 3rd group coding 001 is connected to 001 of the 4th group coding afterwards.By above-mentioned tree structure, can find out the complete implication that has soon and encode, as searched to leaf direction the root from tree, the implication that has that can obtain such as 001.001.001.001,001.001.002.003,001.002.002 is encoded.Except this medicine of penicillin, the medicine such as lophatherum gracile, Mecillinum, expelling parasite sheet given in Fig. 2 can generate corresponding with different levels data according to their the implication coding that has.In the above-described embodiments, the content of medicine coding table includes Field ID, have implication to encode, Chinese describes, creation-time four, but in other embodiments, can also be increased and decreased the content of medicine coding table as required.In addition, the group number in encoding owing to there being implication can be adjusted according to actual needs, and therefore the number of medicine coding table also can adjust according to group number accordingly, is not limited to four shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 group.In a database, generate corresponding with different levels data according to the group having implication to encode and be conducive to follow-up convenience of searching.
The homogeneity attribute of medicine adopts aforesaidly has implication to encode after definition, also needs to be described the discriminative attributes of medicine, thus embodies the interindividual difference of same medicine, and the discriminative attributes of medicine stored in a database.Individuality involved in the application refers to the set of the medicine that homogeneity attribute and discriminative attributes are all identical, such as all between A and B attribute informations are all identical, then both can regard same individuality as, if but have a certain between A and C or some attribute is different, as the date of manufacture is different, then both just belong to Different Individual.Because the discriminative attributes of the Different Individual of same medicine varies, therefore can not encode by the implication that has that a limited number of form stores a similar drug as medicine coding table, need for the special form of a certain medicine stores the specific discriminative attributes information of this individuality.
In one embodiment of the invention, the public attribute extracting medicine individuality forms a base table.Content in this base table is empty, when add in medicine coding table have implication to encode to reach setting N component class time, call base table, automatically create a sublist be associated with a certain individuality of medicine.Described base tableau format can be all identical to each similar drug, also can there are differences according to the actual conditions of inhomogeneity medicine.In the process calling base table generation sublist for a certain similar drug, the implication coding that has of this medicine be write in sublist in the lump, to distinguish the sublist of inhomogeneity medicine, the specifying information of each discriminative attributes can be filled in this sublist.Give an example of described base table in figure 6, this base table comprises multiple discriminative attributes items such as Customer ID, medicine coding, nomenclature of drug, retail price, wholesale price, social security price, manufacturer, quantity, supply time, Payment Methods, authentication code, specification, levels of audit quality, date of manufacture, the term of validity, drug batch number, supplementary notes, medicine ID, formulation, ID.Content in base table except illustrated in fig. 6 every except, corresponding adjustment can be done according to the kind of the commodity that will describe.Such as, in another embodiment, be described by the discriminative attributes of a base table to a food, so would not have the inferior discriminative attributes item of drug batch number, quality layers in its base table.In addition, in other embodiments, base table can also be the table of other types, as purchase specification, preserves detail list, image, text and data table etc., will be preserved in these tables with regard to information such as buying hour, procurement price, quantity, photo informations.Described sublist can store multiple information with the identical individuality having implication to encode as shown in Figure 7 in a sublist, also can store the information of body one by one by a sublist, have the identical sublist having implication to encode all be linked to same medicine coding table under (not shown in Figure of description).
Below in conjunction with Fig. 7, the process generating corresponding sublist for medicine to how is described.In one embodiment, a dealer needs the penicillin medicine information of three manufacturers produce of oneself being sold to be stored in computing machine.The penicillin that GuangDong Pharmaceutical Factory is produced is designated as medicine A, and the penicillin that Shanghai pharmaceutical factory produces is designated as medicine B, and the penicillin that Kunming pharmaceutical factory is produced is designated as medicine C.These three medicines are all penicillin, and therefore theirs has implication coding identical, is defined as 101.001.001.001.But their production firm is different, comprising other discriminative attributes information such as retail price, date of manufacture, the term of validity, drug batch number, specification, formulation, production firm address also may be different.In the starting stage, sublist for recording medicine A does not exist, and in medicine coding, has therefore first dosed implication coding, when reaching defined Four composition class, call base table and automatically create a blank sublist, in this sublist, be written with implication coding simultaneously.The sub-tableau format created class 101.001.001.001 table as total in below medicine in Fig. 7.After creating this sublist, each can filling in sublist is shown to dealer, fills in every terms of information by dealer in sublist.When dealer is by the relevant information of medicine A input computing machine, the implication that has according to penicillin is encoded, can find soon in Fig. 7 and have implication to be encoded to the total class 101.001.001.001 sublist of medicine, then, in this table, judge whether to exist and all identical record of information in medicine A, if there is no, then in this table, add this record, if existed, then upgrade corresponding data.When the relevant information of medicine B inputs in computing machine by dealer, in the total class 101.001.001.001 of medicine shows, fill in all concrete discriminative attributes of medicine B equally.Like this too to the operation of medicine C.Only give the component options of sublist in the figure 7, in sublist, the actual content comprised is not limited thereto.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the number of sublist can constantly increase to meet the demand of user, and in actual applications, the number of sublist there are thousands of usually.
As can be seen from explanation above, the discriminative attributes of the Different Individual of same medicine, need to store by special sublist, this can cause the diversity of the sublist data finally generated.In order to improve inquiry velocity further, as the preferred implementation of one, the present invention have employed the discriminative attributes information that unlimited class definition code represents corresponding in sublist.Described unlimited class definition code be by some groups of arabic numeral (also can be other character, as English alphabet) the coded string that forms, between each group by mark (as punctuation mark ". ", "; " etc.) distinguish.If the length of each group coding of unlimited classification code is fixed length value, then also can be distinguished without the need to mark between each group.Each group of numeral in unlimited class definition code is distinguished by " layer " this concept.Generally speaking, unlimited class definition code has one group at least, and this group is called as " base class ", numeral in base class can superpose to represent different classes in progression, such as, a character string " 0001 " represents a certain class, then just represent another kind of by " 0002 " that generates after the superposition of this character string.The number that base class can add up is relevant with the fixed length of base class, and such as fixed length is the base class of 4, and from 0001, most multipotency is added to 9999.If unlimited class definition code only has one deck, then ground floor is exactly base class.If unlimited class definition code has N layer, then n-th layer=(N-1) layer+base class.Such as, base class is " .0001 ", and ground floor is current is " 1001 ", and the second layer is initial is then " 1001 "+" .0001 "=" 1001.0001 ", similar, and third layer is initial is then " 1001.0001 "+" .0001 "=" 1001.0001.0001 "." in the manner described above, unlimited Sort Code at the greatest measure being longitudinally added to base class fixed length, laterally infinitely can be classified down, thus portray the information of different levels in discriminative attributes better layer by layer.Such as, represent the specification of commodity with unlimited class definition code, because the number of the specification of commodity is usually within the scope determined, therefore can represent specification with the unlimited class definition code only comprising base class.Suppose the specification of commodity, option within 100, then can representing a kind of specification with 002, as represented 200,000 IU, representing another kind of specification with 003, as represented 400,000 IU (see Fig. 8).Again such as, due to the division of administrative region, address information can be multi-level usually, therefore can represent address information with the unlimited class definition code of multilayer.As represented Guangzhou, Guangdong with unlimited Sort Code 1001.0001, wherein first group 1001 is the codes in Guangdong, and second group 0001 is code belonging to Guangzhou.Unlimited Sort Code 1001.0002 represents Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, and wherein first group 1001 is the codes in Guangdong, and second group 0002 is code belonging to Shenzhen, and this " 0002 " is " 0001 " longitudinal cumulative 1 the result in unlimited Sort Code " 1001.0001 ".Similar, 1001.0003 represent Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, and " 0003 " is wherein " 0002 " longitudinal result of cumulative 1, and each the group code in unlimited Sort Code all can add up.Cumulative principle is: the classification of level attribute of the same race or range attribute of the same race is carried out code and added up.The rank Dou Shi prefecture-level city of Guangzhou and Zhuhai City in this example, therefore code adds up in the second set.Aforesaid " unlimited Sort Code 1001.0001 " can also continue to do horizontal classification, as unlimited Sort Code 1001.0001.0001 represents Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, wherein first group 1001 is the codes in Guangdong, second group 0001 is code belonging to Guangzhou, 3rd group 0001 is code belonging to Tianhe District, and second and third group is wherein exactly the result of laterally adding.Segmentation street, doorplate, businessman etc. classification can also be continued within the scope of Tianhe District.The principle of laterally adding is: be not level attribute of the same race or be not that the classification of range attribute of the same race laterally adds code.
Fig. 8 gives each example by unlimited class definition representation of sublist shown in Fig. 7.In this example, the information of the attribute such as levels of audit quality, specification only comprises one deck, therefore for representing that the unlimited class definition code of these information only has one group.And the attribute information of production firm or dealer has multilayer due to the reason of administrative division, the unlimited class definition code therefore corresponding to it has two groups at least.Such as, for " Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong five hill path pharmaceutical factory " this address information of medicine A, represent with unlimited class definition code " 1001.0001.0001.0001.0025 ", this unlimited class definition code has five groups, represents " Guangdong Province ", " Guangzhou ", " Baiyun District ", " five hill paths ", " pharmaceutical factory " respectively.And for example, because " YingBin road Shanghai, Qingpu district pharmaceutical factory " this address information only has four layers, therefore the unlimited class definition code corresponding to it is " 1002.0016.0001.0002 ", and four group codings represent " Shanghai City ", " Qingpu District ", " YingBin road ", " Shanghai pharmaceutical factory " respectively.Being combined with the unlimited class definition code of medicine individuality by the implication coding that has of medicine place class, a complete coding for representing this medicine can be obtained.Such as, for the medicine A mentioned in above, it has implication to be encoded to 101.001.001.001, its unlimited class definition code stored in the sublist shown in Fig. 8 is 001.001.1001.0001.0001.0001.0025 (supposing that the discriminative attributes information of this medicine only includes the content marked in fig. 8), can obtain the complete coding for representing this medicine thus: 101.001.001.001.001.001.1001.0001.0001.0001.0025.If this medicine also includes other discriminative attributes information, then the unlimited class definition code corresponding to these discriminative attributes information can continue to add on the basis of above-mentioned coding.After for the unlimited class definition code of discriminative attributes information definition of medicine, the aforesaid data structure having implication to encode can expand further, obtains the data structure about the complete coding of medicine.As shown in Figure 9, on the basis of tree data structure shown in Fig. 5, adding the data structure about unlimited class definition code further, is the data structure relevant with unlimited class definition code in the dotted line frame in figure.As can be seen from this figure, for a certain similar drug having implication to be encoded to 101.002.002, it includes two medicine individualities, the unlimited class definition code of these two medicine individualities is respectively 101.002.002.011,101.002.002.012 (unlimited class definition code described herein only does the use of illustrating, and does not have positive connection with unlimited class definition code cited in Fig. 8).Although only give the example of these two medicine individualities in the drawings, but those skilled in the art should understand, no matter be this similar drug or other similar drugs, the number of medicine individuality can infinitely increase, and the group number without implication coding and the content of each medicine individuality are also not limited to example given in figure.
After having had above-mentioned unlimited class definition code, storage and the retrieval of data can be carried out easily.But it should be noted that, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, should be appreciated that to reach and utilize unlimited class definition representation and these discriminative attributes information of retrieval, also should preserve the contrast relationship table between unlimited class definition code and discriminative attributes information in a database.For in Fig. 8 for representing the unlimited class definition code of specification, investigating separately 003 is to understand concrete meaning expressed by this code, must combine, just can know the discriminative attributes information representated by above-mentioned unlimited Sort Code with contrast relationship table.Composition graphs 7 and Fig. 8, the information comprised due to this discriminative attributes of drug specifications only has one deck, suppose drug specifications limitednumber and within 100, therefore 400,000 IU can be represented with 003, but be appreciated that the corresponding relation between 003 and 400,000 IU, need to adopt the contrast relationship table below Fig. 8, by inquiring about this contrast relationship table, corresponding unlimited class definition code is directly stored and non-information itself when just can store the information relevant with drug specifications in described sublist, and the real meaning representated by unlimited class definition code that also can be obtained by contrast relationship table when inquiring about in Query Result.Mention above, discriminative attributes information not only has one deck as a rule as mentioned above, but the combination of multi-layer information, therefore the contrast relationship table corresponding to unlimited class definition code of these discriminative attributes also has level.As shown in Figure 10, for production firm or this discriminative attributes information of dealer address, consider the typical regional characters of production firm or dealer, this discriminative attributes information can be divided into many levels, such as, Shanghai pharmaceutical factory is positioned at Qingpu district, GuangDong Pharmaceutical Factory is positioned at Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Kunming pharmaceutical factory is positioned at new and high technology district, Kunming, Yunnan Province, therefore, in the contrast relationship table of the first level corresponding with production firm or this discriminative attributes information of dealer address, the code in provincial administrative area is defined, as Shanghai represents with 1002, Guangdong represents with 1001, Yunnan represents with 1003.The contrast relationship table of the second level of each each own correspondence in the first level contrast relationship table, item in second level contrast relationship table has third layer time contrast relationship table, the rest may be inferred, until related differences attribute information has all used unlimited class definition representation.Such as, in the contrast relationship table of second level in Shanghai, subordinate's administrative division in Shanghai is defined, respectively as Qingpu represents with 0016.Because Shanghai pharmaceutical factory is positioned at Ying Bin main road, Qingpu District, therefore, can be defined the region of Shanghai pharmaceutical factory in Qingpu District, as represented YingBin road with 0001 in Fig. 10 in the contrast relationship table of third layer time.Finally in the contrast relationship table of the 4th level, the particular location of Shanghai pharmaceutical factory on YingBin road is defined, as represented Shanghai pharmaceutical factory with 0002.The comprehensively contrast relationship table of above-mentioned four levels, when storing the information of Shanghai pharmaceutical factory, relevant information can be converted to unlimited class definition code 1002.0016.0001.0002, same, when searching the information of Shanghai pharmaceutical factory, after finding corresponding unlimited class definition code, just can be determined the implication of unlimited class definition code by contrast relationship table.Just exemplarily give structure and the content of contrast relationship table in figure 8 and figure 10, in actual applications, the structure of contrast relationship table and content are not limited to the example in figure.In addition, in whole database, contrast relationship table can store separately, and different sublists can point to same contrast relationship table.
Above by having implication to encode to combine with unlimited class definition code, the storage of the attribute information of medicine is described.As can be seen from the explanation to unlimited class definition code, having implication to encode in fact also is the one of unlimited class definition code.The thought of the unlimited class definition code in the present invention also can expand in the storage to the information of other objects.The information with hierarchical relationship of these objects is arranged according to level order from high to low, also can order from low to high be arranged, according to the needs of information retrieval, the above information of certain level is encoded, implication has been it can be used as to encode, by the unlimited class definition representation of the information below this level, such as, in the data structure shown in Fig. 9, know from explanation above, front four group codings in this data structure have represented implication coding, the coding in the dotted line frame after implication coding is had then to represent unlimited class definition code at these four groups.According to the explanation of this section, there is implication to encode can to do with the division of unlimited class definition code adjustment to a certain degree.Suppose in the data structure shown in Fig. 9, first group coding represents country origin, and as 001 represents China, the second group coding represents provincial administrative region, as 001 represents Guangdong Province, 3rd group coding represents territory, local administrative area, and as 002 after aforementioned 001 represents Guangzhou, the 4th group coding represents administrative areas at the county level territory, as 002 after aforementioned 002 represents Tianhe District, and in coding in dotted line frame, the first group coding represents medicine sales business, as 101 represent the large pharmacy of the Milky Way.So, when information retrieval, if when will search the information of all medicine sales business comprised in Guangzhou, first three groups can be encoded as there being implication to encode, and using original as there being the 4th group coding of an implication coding part to be divided in unlimited class definition code.When and for example fruit will be searched the information of the medicine sold in the large pharmacy of the Milky Way, can using the first group coding in front four group codings and dotted line frame all as there being implication to encode, and using the coding after the first group coding in dotted line frame as unlimited class definition code.
After being described for the storage means of the attribute information of medicine to data, how the process having stored data being inquired about to user below and be illustrated.Mention in explanation above, having medicine implication to encode and combining can obtain the complete coding of medicine without implication coding.The complete coding of medicine can realize the inquiry to data in conjunction with aforesaid contrast relationship table.Due in complete coding, the attribute information represented by implication coding is had at least to have certain level, therefore, in query script, conveniently user, computing machine can dynamically generate next stage option according to the previous selection of user on the basis having implication to encode.Example is encoded to the multiple medicines in Fig. 2, first group coding " 101 " of medicine penicillin represents Western medicine antimicrobial agents, first group coding " 201 " of the light leaf bamboo of medicine represents the Effect of Chinese Medicine Qing medicine of a warm nature, first group coding " 301 " of medicine Mecillinum represents special medicine Western medicine antimicrobial, and first group coding " 401 " of medicine expelling parasite sheet represents prescription anti-parasite medicine.According to above-mentioned information, if during user selects on computers " medicine " this querying condition, after each first group of having implication to encode in all medicine coding tables of computer inquery, automatically the querying condition of next stage can be generated, that is: Western medicine antimicrobial agents, the Effect of Chinese Medicine Qing medicine of a warm nature, special medicine Western medicine antimicrobial, prescription anti-parasite medicine.If user selects " Western medicine anti-parasite medicine " this option when next time inquires about, then can generate again the querying condition of next stage, as the penicillins representated by " 001 " in the second group coding of medicine penicillin according to there being implication to encode.The like, after the querying condition of user's one-level in the choice, computer structure closes one-level querying condition and have implication to encode to generate next stage querying condition, until there is the implication querying condition that can generate of encoding all to select complete.By above-mentioned query script, the implication that has that user finally can obtain some medicines is encoded.For Fig. 4, the successively selection of encoding by there being implication, can enter into the tables of data of Fig. 4 bottom from the tables of data of Fig. 4 the top.
Obtain a certain medicine have implication to encode after, can determine in a database to have with this implication encode corresponding to medicine coding table.Realize the selection to concrete medicine, also will select relevant information further according to querying condition in the sublist belonging under base table.Can have multiple, as nomenclature of drug, retail price, quantity, specification, production firm address etc. for the discriminative attributes information of inquiry in sublist.Having mentioned the unlimited class definition code representing above-mentioned discriminative attributes information in the preceding article can be only have one deck, as the unlimited class definition code etc. of levels of audit quality, specification, also can have multilayer, as the unlimited class definition code of production firm address.Unlimited class definition code for multilayer also can dynamically generate next stage option according to the previous selection of user, thus user friendly inquiry.For the dealer address similar with production firm noted earlier address, for consumers, wish near residence, to find nearest medicine sales business, if therefore unlimited class definition representation has also been used in the address of dealer, then when inquiring about dealer, also just can select inquiry successively according to region order from big to small.Such as, one is lived in the consumer of Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, he wishes to find pharmacy immediate with his residence.So successively can be found out the pharmacy of place Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Tianhe District by described unlimited class definition code, then in all pharmacies, find nearest pharmacy.This mode of successively searching according to querying condition is also referred to as in the present invention and multiplely gathers exclusion method, adopts the method to contribute to reducing the scope of data search, accelerates search speed.
In the present invention, by having the data structure such as implication coding, medicine coding table, sublist to combine by aforesaid, data search speed can effectively be improved.Mention in the preceding article, prior art adopts the data structure of such as table 1 to store the information of medicine.But due to the diversity of medicine information, make the tables of data for storing medicine information very huge.Suppose currently have 100 similar drugs, every 1 similar drug due to manufacturer, batch etc. information can be divided into again 1000 medicines.Adopt the data structure of table 1, then corresponding tables of data should have 100000 (100 × 1000) item.When search data, need to search for from these 100000, need under worst case to do 100000 search.If require further to compare the multiple attribute of 1 similar drug, screen, the number of times so searched for will be very huge.If require to compare multiclass medicine, multiple attribute, screen, thus obtain one group of best medicine bought, the number of times so searched for will be astronomical figure.And in the present invention, owing to there being the existence of implication coding and sublist, making the kind first determining the medicine that will search in search procedure, the information not belonging to this similar drug is directly filtered, do not do any search process; And then in each medicine determining kind, the multiple attribute of medicine is compared, screened, thus obtain one group of optimum.For Fig. 9, to search in this figure complete be encoded to the commodity of 102.003.003.001.001.001.001 time, according to the aforementioned multiple thought gathering exclusion method, when retrieving the 3rd group coding " 003 ", as long as be do corresponding retrieval in the next stage candidate code of 003 at the second group coding, and without the need to considering that the second group coding is for " 001 " and " 002 " relevant option, like this equally to the retrieval of the 4th group coding " 001 ".Obviously, storage means of the present invention combines with search method and greatly can improve the seek rate of information.
In the Drug trading of reality, each transaction may not only buy a kind of medicine, possibility single purchase thousands of medicine up to a hundred when centralized purchasing, buyer can compare the quotation of businessman, from Figure 11 (a) and Figure 11 (b) relatively, can find out that the unit price of Figure 11 (a) adds up to is 14.02 yuan, it is 14.06 yuan that the unit price of Figure 11 (b) adds up to, the quotation of obvious Figure 11 (a) is cheap, but when the quantity that each medicine is bought is greater than 1, what likely the quotation of unit price total was low wants the expensive businessman adding up to quotation high in unit price on the contrary.The total price 44.83 yuan of total price 44.86 yuan higher than Figure 11 (b) of Figure 11 (a) can be found out from the purchase of Figure 11 (a) and Figure 11 (b) amounts to.Method of the present invention is combined with computer calculate technology and can find out cheapest combination easily.
Method of the present invention is except can with except the query manipulation of medicine mentioned in the present embodiment, can also be used in the information retrieval to the commodity of other types, as food, auto parts machinery, office appliance etc., also can be used in the retrieval of noncommodity category information, as Law Text, literature and art works, domiciliary file etc.
In another embodiment of the present invention, realize Law Text classification, store, retrieve.Similar with the embodiment of aforesaid medicine, first the information of Law Text is divided into homogeneity attribute and discriminative attributes, to homogeneity attribute to discriminative attributes respectively with corresponding coded representation.As shown in figure 12, give have implication to encode example of homogeneity attribute, in this example, first group of law classification having an implication coded representation, as represented civil law with 1001, represents criminal law (not listing in fig. 12) with 1002.Second group has implication to encode is then the further classification first group being had to the represented information of implication coding, and as second in Figure 12 group has implication coded representation to the classification of civil law, 00031 represents contract law.The rest may be inferred, finally realizes homogeneity attribute with representing of having implication to encode.In Figure 12 what have implication to encode 10001.00031.00011.00001 representative is annulment decree book based on contract law the 52 article of first item Section 1.With the implication coding schedule that has including implication coding, homogeneity attribute is stored in the database of Law Text.The discriminative attributes of annulment decree book comprise annulment decree book numbering, time of origin, place, accept law court etc., these information can represent by the mode of unlimited class definition code equally, by corresponding code storage in a database.
Above-mentioned coding method combines with database technology by the present invention, effectively can improve retrieval rate.The present invention is with a wide range of applications, and can be applied in such as all many-sides such as database search, search engine search.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted.Although with reference to embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a computer implemented date storage method, comprising:
Step 1), the attribute information of data that will store is divided into homogeneity attribute information and discriminative attributes information; Wherein, the information that the Different Individual that described homogeneity attribute information comprises this data place class has jointly, the information that the Different Individual that described discriminative attributes information comprises this data place class has separately;
Step 2), the homogeneity attribute information of described data is carried out layering and coding by affiliated scope order from high to low or from low to high, the implication that has obtaining these data is encoded;
Step 3), create the sublist of discriminative attributes information for comprising above-mentioned individuality for the individuality of described data place class;
Step 4), the discriminative attributes information of described data is inserted in described sublist.
2. date storage method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the step 4 described) in, one or more discriminative attributes information of described data is encoded.
3. date storage method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, by the described data that will encode discriminative attributes information belonging to the discriminative attributes information of scope order from high to low or from low to high to data described in it carry out layering and coding, be wherein saidly layered as one or more layers; The unlimited class definition representation of the coding obtained.
4. date storage method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the base class of each the group code in described unlimited class definition code all can add up, and longitudinally can be added to the greatest measure of base class fixed length, laterally can infinitely classify down layer by layer.
5. date storage method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described implication coding that has comprises multiple groups, and a group coding represents one deck homogeneity attribute information of data; One group has the corresponding data encoding table described in of implication coding, last group have implication encode corresponding to data encoding watch chain receive after one group have implication encode corresponding to data encoding table on, when add in data encoding table have implication encode reach setting N component class time, call base table, the sublist that a certain individuality that establishment one is identical with base table form is automatically associated.
6. date storage method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the employing of implication coding comprises arabic numeral in described having, the symbol of letter is represented.
7. date storage method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, one or more groups coded string of coding composition of the discriminative attributes information of described data, and each group coding character string describes one deck information in the discriminative attributes information that will represent; The group number of the coding of the discriminative attributes information of described data is relevant with the level of the discriminative attributes information that will represent.
8. date storage method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, each group coding character string of the coding of the discriminative attributes information of described data is made up of arabic numeral.
9. a data enquire method, for realizing the inquiry to the data adopting the date storage method of one of claim 1-8 to store; The method comprises:
Step 1), determine that the implication that has of these data is encoded according to the data that will inquire about;
Step 2), according to described have implication coding lookup and this have implication encode corresponding to the sublist for storing these data that will inquire about;
Step 3), in described sublist, search the discriminative attributes information of data.
10. data enquire method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described step 2) comprising:
A group coding after progressively searching according to the last group coding having implication to encode of described data, to have implication to encode the sublist be associated until found out by last group coding with this.
11. data enquire methods according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described step 3) comprising:
Step 3-1), from the data item of described sublist, extract the coding for representing data discriminative attributes of candidate according to querying condition;
Step 3-2), in conjunction with querying condition zone-by-zone analysis, the coding for representing data discriminative attributes selecting described candidate, successively reduce seek scope, until find the coding that will inquire about.
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| WO2011066719A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
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