CN105446876B - Automatic testing method, device, system, electronic equipment and readable storage medium - Google Patents

Automatic testing method, device, system, electronic equipment and readable storage medium Download PDF

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CN105446876B
CN105446876B CN201510736492.5A CN201510736492A CN105446876B CN 105446876 B CN105446876 B CN 105446876B CN 201510736492 A CN201510736492 A CN 201510736492A CN 105446876 B CN105446876 B CN 105446876B
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test case
test
module
automatic test
random
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CN105446876A (en
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陈翔
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Beijing Jingdong Century Trading Co Ltd
Beijing Jingdong Shangke Information Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Jingdong Century Trading Co Ltd
Beijing Jingdong Shangke Information Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
    • G06F11/3668Software testing
    • G06F11/3672Test management
    • G06F11/3684Test management for test design, e.g. generating new test cases
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
    • G06F11/3668Software testing
    • G06F11/3672Test management
    • G06F11/3688Test management for test execution, e.g. scheduling of test suites

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic testing method, device and system based on service dimensionality. The system comprises: the service module is used for storing the automatic test case script to be executed; the data module is used for packaging test data required by the respective automated test case script in the service module; the test module is used for calling an automatic test case script in the service module according to the operation periodicity and the test case number to test the system to be tested, and comprises: the test system comprises a random number generation module and a test execution module; the test execution module includes: the system comprises a running period number acquisition module, an automatic test case number acquisition module and an automatic test case script execution module. The scheme provided by the invention can automatically simulate various combined operation tests of users, and improve the test coverage rate of the system as much as possible.

Description

Automatic testing method, device, system, electronic equipment and readable storage medium
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of computer testing, and particularly relates to a Monkey automatic testing method and a Monkey automatic testing device based on business dimensions.
Background
In an online system operated by an internet company facing a user, a large number of undiscovered BUGs exist, and the reasons for the existence of the undiscovered BUGs are mainly that the customer behavior is unknown, the system is too large and closely related, and the coverage rate of offline test cannot reach 100%, so that the existence of the undiscovered BUGs is objective and unavoidable, even after the detailed test of a test team is passed, a part of the undiscovered BUGs cannot be discovered through the test, and the part of the BUGs can be discovered after being refined by a large number of users, or an online accident is caused, or the user experience is seriously influenced, or the BUG application is performed by a small part of lawless persons, and the like, and the serious loss is brought to the internet company. In order to ensure the quality of the online software system to the maximum extent, an internet company generally performs online random tests starting from the user dimension again after the online system is subjected to rigorous tests before the online system is online.
The existing on-line random testing methods mainly include the following methods. For example, a random automated test based on user page element dimensions, the basic steps include: firstly, adding all page elements into a random object library; secondly, writing a random program; thirdly, loading a random object library by a random program, and carrying out automatic random click page element or boundary value operation; and thirdly, obtaining and displaying a result returned by the random program. For example, a method for generating a random unit test case based on a java code level includes the following basic steps: analyzing class and jar files of a java program to be tested to obtain an object method list; secondly, establishing a dependency relationship graph among the object methods, and determining a target method to be covered and a covering set; thirdly, generating a calling chain; and fourthly, generating a unit test case set of the java program based on the calling chain library.
In implementation, the technical solution of the prior art is mainly implemented by the following ways: the method comprises the steps of utilizing a java's selenium package to achieve various operations of page elements, utilizing a java reflection mechanism to obtain a method to be tested, utilizing java to achieve writing of a random algorithm, and utilizing the random algorithm to achieve random automatic testing of the page elements and unit testing.
The implementation of the above technical solution has the following disadvantages:
1) the prior art is limited, and cannot process Monkey automatic test based on service (user) dimensionality;
2) a third party class package of the selenium type can only be used for the operation of page elements;
3) the acquisition of the method set to be tested is based on the analysis of java program codes, and an acquisition mechanism and manual maintenance of a case generation mechanism to be tested need to be established independently;
4) the Monkey module in the above project is difficult to migrate inside the company.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a Monkey automated testing method and device based on business dimensions. The scheme provided by the invention can provide a set of Internet company Monkey automatic test solution based on business dimension; may be applicable to other automated operations including page elements; automatically acquiring a method set to be tested, and randomly generating; the scheme can be transplanted to other Monkey automated tests based on the business.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automated testing system based on business dimensions, including:
the service module is used for storing automatic test case scripts required to be executed, the automatic test case scripts are atomic case scripts and can independently run and return output results, and each automatic test case script corresponds to a unique case number;
the data module is used for packaging test data required by the respective automated test case script in the service module and providing functions of preposed data generation, postpositional data destruction and data persistence required by the respective automated test case;
the test module is used for calling an automatic test case script in the service module according to the operation periodicity and the test case number to test the system to be tested, and comprises:
the random number generation module is used for providing random algorithm service;
the test execution module is used for executing the automated test case script in a multi-thread mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the running cycle number obtaining module is used for obtaining the running cycle number of the current automatic test by calling the random number generating module;
the automatic test case number acquisition module acquires the automatic test case script number required to run in the current running period by calling the random number generation module;
the automatic test case script execution module calls the corresponding automatic test case script in the service module according to the automatic test case script number, obtains an execution result and returns the execution result, and the number of the operation cycles is reduced by 1 after the execution of one automatic test case script; and judging whether the number of the operation cycles is 0, if so, ending the test, and otherwise, switching to an automatic test case number acquisition module to continue the test of the next cycle.
The random number generation module generates two random numbers by using a random function, then performs modulo operation, and returns one random number.
The system further comprises: and the test result generation module is used for acquiring the operation result of executing each automatic test case script, analyzing and displaying the operation result to the front end.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automated testing method based on business dimensions, including:
step 1, acquiring the number of operation cycles of a current automatic test, wherein the number of the operation cycles is generated in a random mode;
step 2, acquiring the script number of the automatic test case required to be executed in the current period of the current automatic test; the serial number of the automatic test case is generated in a random mode;
step 3, calling a corresponding automatic test case script according to the automatic test case number, acquiring an execution result and returning, wherein the number of the operation cycles is reduced by 1 after each automatic test case is executed; the automatic test case scripts are atomic case scripts and can independently run and return output results, and each automatic test case script corresponds to a unique case number;
and 4, judging whether the number of the operation cycles is 0, if so, finishing the test, and otherwise, turning to the step 2 to continue the test of the next cycle.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automated testing apparatus based on business dimensions, comprising:
the automatic test system comprises an operation period acquisition module, a test execution module and a test execution module, wherein the operation period acquisition module is used for acquiring the operation period number of the current automatic test, and the operation period number is generated in a random mode;
the case number acquisition module is used for acquiring the automatic test case script number required to be executed in the current period of the current automatic test; the serial number of the automatic test case is generated in a random mode;
the test execution module calls a corresponding automatic test case script according to the automatic test case number, obtains an execution result and returns the execution result, and the number of the operation cycles is reduced by 1 every time one automatic test case is executed; judging whether the number of the operation cycles is 0 or not, if so, ending the test, and otherwise, continuing the next cycle test by the transfer case number acquisition module;
the automatic test case scripts are atomic case scripts and can independently run and return output results, and each automatic test case script corresponds to a unique case number.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor coupled to the memory, where the processor is configured to execute the automated testing method based on the service dimension based on an instruction stored in the memory.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the instructions are executed by a processor to realize the automatic testing method based on the service dimension.
The scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the system can be subjected to various combined operation tests of uninterrupted automatic simulation users for 24 hours, the test coverage rate of the system is improved as much as possible, the possible BUG is found out, and accidents are prevented.
2) The method has the advantages that testers do not need to pay attention to how to realize Monkey automation, and only need to add basic service automation case scripts, Monkey automation test can be carried out on a system to be tested, so that the cost is saved;
3) the complex and highly random Monkey automatic use case can be formed through the Monkey module, so that more simulation and coverage are performed on the system to be tested, the cost is saved, and the product quality is improved.
4) How to establish and maintain the call chain can be omitted, and cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Monkey automated testing system based on business dimensions in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the steps of the method for Monkey automated testing based on business dimensions of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a Monkey automated testing apparatus based on business dimensions in the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a Monkey automated testing system based on business dimensions. The system specifically comprises:
a service module: the service module is mainly used for storing test case scripts required to be executed and is a Monkey automation case script library. The automatic use case scripts can be written by testers, and each use case script is an atomic use case script with relatively small calling dependency, can run independently, and can return output results for analysis. In addition, the relation among all the use cases is a flat relation, and each use case has a unique use case number to be used as a corresponding use case code when a Monkey runs;
taking the business process of purchasing items and placing orders at an e-commerce website as an example, the business process of placing orders generally includes: logging in, selecting commodities and quantity, filling in addresses and submitting orders; the tester involved four independently running atomic use case scripts for this business process: logging in case scripts, selecting commodity and quantity case scripts, filling in address case scripts and submitting order case scripts. Each case script can be endowed with a unique case number for being called by a test module. A data module: the data module has the main function of supporting the normal operation of each script of the service module and is called by the MonkeyDo module. The data module packages test data required by each case in the service module, and provides services such as preposed data generation, postpositional data destruction, data persistence and the like required by each case, the test data packaged in the data module has a correlation with the case script corresponding to the service module, namely the test data required by each case script in the service module has a correlation with the test data packaged in the data module, so that the test data in the data module can be correlated and called when the test case script is executed. Taking a website login account test case script as an example, the login needs to provide an account and a password, and the account and the password data are stored and managed by a data module.
Test module (Monkey): the test case script in the service module is called according to the test cycle times and the test case number to test the system to be tested; the system comprises the following sub-modules:
random number generation module (monkey num): the method is used for providing Random algorithm service, and mainly has the functions of being called by a test execution module (MonkeyDo) to provide a Random number for randomly positioning a test case called by current test and the cycle number of running the test case, wherein the core algorithm is to generate two Random numbers by using a Random class, then perform modulo operation and return a Random number;
test execution module (monkey do): the method is a Monkey automated testing execution code module, a plurality of Monkey threads are started to execute random test cases during operation, and each Monkey thread works according to the following procedures:
1. calling a random number generation module (Monkey Num) to obtain the operation cycle number of Monkey automatic test, namely determining the number of times of test cases executed by the current Monkey automatic test;
2. calling a random number generation module (Monkey Num), obtaining the test case number required to be operated by the current Monkey, calling the automatic test case of the service module according to the test case number, obtaining an execution result and returning, and subtracting 1 from the operation cycle number every time the case is executed.
3. Repeating the step 2 until the running period number is 0, and releasing the Monkey thread resources.
Test result generation module (monkey report): the method is used for generating a test result, and the method acquires the operation result of each case thrown by the Monkey thread, analyzes the operation result and displays the operation result to the front end.
The device provided by the invention can continuously and automatically simulate various combined operation tests of users in 24 hours by acquiring the periodicity and the case number in a random selection mode, thereby improving the test coverage rate of the system as much as possible, finding out the BUG possibly existing and preventing accidents. Meanwhile, the problem that a tester can inevitably use a conventional thinking mode to test is solved by randomly selecting the case number. For example, when testing the business of placing an order, it is conventional to have to log in, pick the goods and quantity, fill the address, and submit the order for success. The random selection provided by the invention can break through the conventional thinking mode, and the system can try to directly submit the order without logging in or selecting the commodity; or executing some services completely irrelevant to the order firstly and then submitting the order, thereby discovering some mutual exclusion services among the tested systems or bugs existing in the tested systems. The test system provided by the invention has low test cost and is very simple to execute.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a Monkey automated testing method based on business dimensions, and the method includes:
step 1, acquiring the number of operation cycles of an automatic test, wherein the number of the operation cycles is generated in a random manner;
the invention generates the number of the operation cycles for executing the current test in a random mode, namely, the current round of automatic test executes the operation cycles for a plurality of times of tests, and each time of test executes an automatic case script. Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, two Random numbers are generated through the Random function Random, and then modulo is performed to return one Random number; the obtained returned random number may be limited to a first predetermined range, which is a predetermined range of test cycle sizes.
Step 2, acquiring a current case number of the automatic test; the current case number is generated in a random mode;
the invention also produces the case number used by the current test in a random mode; according to the invention, the test case scripts are compiled in advance and then are uniformly stored and managed, and each test case script is endowed with a unique case number so as to be convenient for calling in the test process. Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, during testing, two random numbers are generated through a random function, and then modulo is performed to return one random number; the obtained returned random number can be limited within a second predetermined range, and the second predetermined range is determined by the upper and lower bounds of the case numbers corresponding to all the case scripts written in advance.
Step 3, calling a corresponding automatic test case script according to the case number, acquiring an execution result and returning, wherein the number of the operation cycles is reduced by 1 after each automatic test case is executed;
the automatic test case scripts are written in advance and stored and managed in a unified mode, and each automatic test case script is independent from each other and is endowed with a unique case number. According to the invention, the case number to be executed in the current test is randomly acquired, and the corresponding automatic test case script is called and executed according to the case number, so that more simulation and coverage are provided for the system to be tested, and the limitation caused by manually calling the test case script according to the conventional thought is broken.
And 4, judging whether the number of the operation cycles is 0, if so, finishing the test, and otherwise, turning to the step 2 to continue the test of the next cycle.
By the test mode provided by the invention, the test cases and the operation cycle number can be randomly acquired, and the system to be tested can be covered and simulated as comprehensively as possible. The testing method has strong randomness, so that the problem that a tester can inevitably use a conventional thinking mode to test sometimes is solved, and the testing surface is wider and more perfect to simulate the system to be tested.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention further provides a Monkey automated testing apparatus based on business dimensions, which includes: the system comprises an operation period acquisition module, a test execution module and a test execution module, wherein the operation period acquisition module is used for acquiring the operation period number of an automatic test, and the operation period number is generated in a random mode;
the case number acquisition module is used for acquiring the current case number of the automatic test; the current case number is generated in a random mode;
the test execution module calls a corresponding automatic test case script according to the case number, acquires an execution result and returns the execution result, and reduces the number of the operation cycles by 1 after executing one automatic test case; and judging whether the operation cycle number is 0, if so, ending the test, and otherwise, continuing the test of the next cycle by the transfer case number acquisition module.
The above-mentioned device proposed by the present invention corresponds to the above-mentioned method, and the specific details refer to the description of the method, which is not described herein again.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An automated testing system based on business dimensions, comprising:
the service module is used for storing automatic test case scripts required to be executed, the automatic test case scripts are atomic case scripts and can independently run and return output results, and each automatic test case script corresponds to a unique test case number;
the data module is used for packaging the test data required by each automatic test case script stored in the service module and providing functions of preposed data generation, postpositional data destruction and data persistence required by each automatic test case;
the test module is used for calling the automatic test case script stored in the service module according to the operation periodicity and the test case number so as to test the system to be tested, and the test module comprises:
the random number generating module is used for providing random algorithm service, wherein the random number generating module generates two random numbers by using a random function, then performs modulo operation and returns one random number;
the test execution module is used for executing the automated test case script in a multi-thread mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the running cycle number obtaining module is used for obtaining the running cycle number of the current automatic test by calling the random number generating module, wherein the random number returned by the random number generating module is limited in a first preset range, and the first preset range is a preset test cycle size range;
the automatic test case number acquisition module is used for acquiring the test case number of the automatic test case required to run in the current running period by calling the random number generation module, wherein the random number returned by the random number generation module is limited within a second preset range, and the second preset range is determined by the upper and lower boundaries of the test case number;
the automatic test case script execution module calls the automatic test case script which is stored in the service module and corresponds to the test case number according to the test case number, obtains an execution result and returns the execution result, and the number of the operation cycles is reduced by 1 after the execution of one automatic test case script; and judging whether the number of the operation cycles is 0, if so, ending the test, and otherwise, switching to an automatic test case number acquisition module to continue the test of the next cycle.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising: and the test result generation module is used for acquiring the operation result of executing each automatic test case script, analyzing and displaying the operation result to the front end.
3. An automated testing method based on service dimensionality comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining the number of operation cycles of a current automatic test, wherein the number of operation cycles is generated in a random mode, the number of operation cycles generated in the random mode is limited within a first preset range, and the first preset range is a preset range of the number of operation cycles;
step 2, obtaining the test case number of the automatic test case required to be executed in the current period of the current automatic test; the test case numbers are generated in a random mode, wherein the test case numbers generated in the random mode are limited in a second preset range, and the second preset range is determined by the upper and lower boundaries of the test case numbers;
step 3, calling a corresponding automatic test case script according to the test case number, acquiring an execution result and returning, and subtracting 1 from the number of the running cycles after executing one automatic test case; the automatic test case scripts are atomic case scripts and can independently run and return output results, and each automatic test case script corresponds to a unique test case number;
and 4, judging whether the number of the operation cycles is 0, if so, finishing the test, and otherwise, turning to the step 2 to continue the test of the next cycle.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the number of run cycles and the test case number are each derived by generating two random numbers using a random function and then modulo.
5. An automated testing apparatus based on business dimensions, comprising:
the system comprises an operation cycle acquisition module, a test execution module and a test execution module, wherein the operation cycle acquisition module is used for acquiring the operation cycle number of the current automatic test, the operation cycle number is generated in a random mode, the operation cycle number generated in the random mode is limited in a first preset range, and the first preset range is a preset range of the operation cycle number;
the case number acquisition module is used for acquiring the test case number of the automatic test case required to be executed in the current period of the current automatic test; the automatic test case numbers are generated in a random mode, wherein the test case numbers generated in the random mode are limited within a second preset range, and the second preset range is determined by the upper and lower boundaries of the test case numbers;
the test execution module is used for calling a corresponding automatic test case script according to the test case number, acquiring an execution result and returning the execution result, and subtracting 1 from the number of the running cycles after each automatic test case is executed; judging whether the number of the operation cycles is 0 or not, if so, ending the test, and otherwise, continuing the test of the next cycle by the transfer case number acquisition module;
the automatic test case scripts are atomic case scripts and can independently run and return output results, and each automatic test case script corresponds to a unique test case number.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the number of run cycles and the test case number are each derived by generating two random numbers using a random function and then modulo.
7. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory; and
a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to execute the business dimension-based automated testing method of any of claims 3-4 based on instructions stored in the memory.
8. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the method for business dimension-based automated testing of any of claims 3 to 4.
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