CN105445434A - Pipeline steel pipe on-site girth welding evaluation method - Google Patents
Pipeline steel pipe on-site girth welding evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pipeline steel pipe on-site girth welding evaluation method, which comprises: 1) using a T-shaped dimensional binding mechanism, wherein the T-shaped dimensional binding mechanism comprises a strengthening plate and a binding support plate; 2) symmetrically placing two thin pad plates on the upper end surface of the binding support plate along a length direction, and respectively placing two test plates onto the thin pad plates, wherein opposite ends of the test plates form a welding joint groove; 3) welding on both sides of the two test plates to form four binding angle welding seams; 4) welding the test plates; and 5) after completing the welding, placing for more than 48 h at a room temperature, dividing into four equal parts along the test welding seam welding direction, and carrying out metallographical observing on the four welding seam cross sections, wherein the test welding seam thickness is Hw, the test welding seam cross section crack length is Hc, the test welding seam crack rate Cw is ([sigma]Hc/[sigma]Hw)*100, and if Cw does not exceed 5%, the pipeline steel material does not have the significant cold crack sensitive tendency. According to the present invention, the electric arc welding method applied by the same material pipeline steel pipe has good weldability when the method performs the girth welding on the construction site.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel-pipe welding technology, particularly the on-the-spot circular seam welding appraisal procedure of a kind of pipeline steel tube.
Background technology
Welding is the critical process of pipeline steel tube site operation, and welding quality and efficiency determine quality and the efficiency of whole engineering project, and the quality of the on-the-spot circular seam welding of pipeline steel tube will directly have influence on the welding quality of circular seam joint.General, the weldability of material comprises fabrication weldability and overall weldability, and the former mainly refers in welding process the ability avoided weld defects, obtain continuous whole welding joint, and the latter mainly refers to the usability of welding joint.Wherein, fabrication weldability is the primary problem solved, and for the welding of low-alloy pipeline steel tube site operation, is generally the tendency that welding cold cracking produces.That is, for the evaluation of pipeline steel tube site operation circular seam welding, be exactly the evaluation to its welding cold crack sensitivity.
Current, evaluation method for ferrous materials welding crack sensibility is a lot, as: ISO17642-2 standard proposes the TEKKEN test for the assessment of sheet material cool attenuation, similar with Y type groove welding crack test method oblique described in GB4675.1, the welding of small scale pilot seam is carried out, with the cool attenuation of this evaluating material under certain welding condition under height restrains condition.But, it is too harsh that this kind of evaluation method restrains condition, in addition pilot seam is erose single-pass welding, there is higher welding residual stress, advantageously in bringing out cold crack, so this evaluation method is too conservative, with this guide field pipeline steel tube construction welding by increasing unnecessary construction cost, not meeting and closing in using priciple.GB/T13817 provides a kind of rigid restraint weld cracking expreiment method, test steel plate is completely fixed on one piece of very large base plate of thickness by it, in welding process, unrelieved stress can not get release, easily bring out cold crack in joint area, this method is too conservative equally, and welding joint pattern and pilot seam and the circular seam welding of pipeline steel tube site operation also exist very big-difference, the on-the-spot circular seam welding assessment of pipeline steel tube can not be used for.
Chinese Patent Application No. 201110253869.3 discloses a kind of reheating crack sensitivity test method for dissimilar steels, Chinese Patent Application No. 200910205754.X discloses a kind of evaluation method of reheat cracking susceptibility, be mainly used in the carbon steel based on precipitation strengthening mechanism or alloy steel that need post weld heat treatment, their application conditions and occasion determine it does not have direct directive function to low-alloy pipeline steel tube site operation circular seam welding assessment.Chinese Patent Application No. is the evaluation method that patent discloses a kind of austenitic stainless steel welding hot crack tendency of US4763521, is not suitable for low-alloy pipeline steel tube site operation circular seam welding assessment equally.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the on-the-spot circular seam welding appraisal procedure of a kind of pipeline steel tube, close in using priciple based on site operation, utilize the circular seam welding of small scale Pipeline Steel Plate indirect assessment pipeline steel tube site operation, to the circular seam welding of steel pipe site operation, there is important directive significance, realize pipeline field circular seam welding process optimization, thus raising welding quality, save construction cost.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
The on-the-spot circular seam welding appraisal procedure of a kind of pipeline steel tube, comprises the steps:
1) adopt T-shaped multidimensional to restrain mechanism, it comprise gusset plate and on contained back up pad; Gusset plate and contained back up pad junction fit together by reinforcing fillet weld, T-shaped structure;
2) in contained back up pad upper surface, symmetry places two pieces of thin backing plates along its length, and is placed on thin backing plate respectively by two pieces of breadboards; Breadboard opposite side forms grooves of welding joints, groove angle α=90 ~ 150 °, root face R=0.8 ~ 1.5mm, groove spacing G=1.0 ~ 1.5mm;
3) in the both sides of two breadboards, welding forms totally four contained fillet welds, is restrained by breadboard on contained back up pad; Reserve certain length without welding the free end restrained at breadboard close to welding joint position, both sides breadboard free end and groove spacing constitute breadboard and do not restrain section, and arrange run-on tab/receipts arc plate in this position;
4) breadboard welding, pilot seam, perpendicular to steel plate rolling direction, namely simulates steel pipe girth joint direction; Pilot seam selects Cellulose-Congo red medium, and welding current, weldingvoltage and speed of welding can suitably regulate as required, meets hot input requirements;
5) whole mechanism is at room temperature placed more than 48 hours after having welded by breadboard, then carries out the quartern according to along pilot seam direction of welding to it, and carries out 50 ~ 150 times of metallographic observations to the section of weld joint of four wherein; With pilot seam thickness for H
w, the crack length in pilot seam cross section and throat depth direction are H
c, pilot seam cracking breakout C
w=(Σ H
c/ Σ H
w) × 100; If final pilot seam cracking breakout C
wbe no more than 5%, then think that this pipe line steel material does not have obvious cold crack sensitivity tendency, when the arc-welding method of the pipeline steel tube application of equivalent material carries out circular seam welding at the construction field (site), there is good weldability.
Preferably, described breadboard thickness is t, width 50 ~ 150mm, length 120 ~ 160mm; Described gusset plate thickness is 1.2 ~ 2.0t, width 80 ~ 200mm, length 300 ~ 450mm; Described contained back up pad is 1.2 ~ 2.0t, width 80 ~ 200mm, length 300 ~ 450mm; Described thin plate thickness is 3 ~ 6mm, width 40 ~ 120, length 110 ~ 140mm.
Preferably, described run-on tab/receipts arc plate thickness 3 ~ 6mm, length 15 ~ 25, length 25 ~ 40mm.
Preferably, described contained leg of a fillet weld height >=10mm, reinforces leg of a fillet weld height >=15mm, and it is 20 ~ 40mm that breadboard does not restrain segment length.
Preferably, described contained fillet weld and reinforcing fillet weld select low hydrogen type welding material, comprise low hydrogen type electrode or solid core welding wire.
Preferably, pilot seam selects the model of Cellulose-Congo red medium to comprise AWSA5.1E6010, E7010-P1, E8010-P1, E9010-G.
Preferably, described breadboard welding technology is:
Thickness of slab <12mm, preheat temperature 60 ± 15 DEG C, core diameter 2.4 ~ 3.2mm, thermal weld stress 0.55 ~ 0.65kJ/mm, welding current 100 ~ 135A, weldingvoltage 22 ~ 26V, speed of welding 250 ~ 350mm/min;
Thickness of slab >=12mm, preheat temperature 75 ± 25 DEG C, core diameter 3.2 ~ 5.0mm, thermal weld stress 0.65 ~ 0.75kJ/mm, welding current 120 ~ 160A, weldingvoltage 21 ~ 25V, speed of welding 250 ~ 350mm/min.
When the pipeline steel tube site operation circular seam welding of reality, the drawing stress that in weld seam, existence two kinds is main, one is steel pipe axial tension stress, and one is the radial tension of steel pipe.Axial tension stress makes the tendency of the oriented elongated lengthwise of steel pipe, and can obtain part release in this process.Radial tension has the tendency making steel pipe radially produce buckling deformation laterally, but this distortion occurs hardly under the contained effect that long distance steel pipe is very large, so radial tension almost can not get release, there is the risk that postwelding brings out welding cold cracking.
Based on this, the present invention adopts T-shaped multidimensional to restrain mechanism and test plate (panel) structure, carries out the on-the-spot circular seam welding of pipeline steel tube particularly cool attenuation assessment.
Gusset plate of the present invention and contained back up pad fit together by reinforcing fillet weld, thus enhance the stability of total; Then symmetrical placement two pieces of thin backing plates on contained back up pad, and two pieces of breadboards are placed in above thin backing plate respectively, one is that follow-up pilot seam bead formed on back creates condition, moreover suitably can reduce the constraint (restraint) degree of this mechanism to breadboard.Test grooves of welding joints adopts wide-angle bevel for welding, convenient operator can observe welding pool in process of the test, thus take suitable control measure, ensures welding quality.Utilize both sides totally four contained fillet welds breadboard is restrained on contained back up pad.
At breadboard close to welding joint position, reserve the breadboard free end of certain length, one is that breadboard leaves the space of adding run-on tab and receiving arc plate, moreover suitably reduces the constraint (restraint) degree of this mechanism to breadboard.This contained method can well simulate pipeline site operation circular seam welding process, the welding drawing stress of breadboard thickness direction when steel pipe boxing (be equivalent to radial) is restrained and be can not get release due to combining of gusset plate and contained back up pad, the drawing stress of length direction when steel pipe boxing (be equivalent to axially) can partly discharge, and this meets scene and closes in using priciple.
In order to ensure the validity of contained mechanism of the present invention, the geometric scale of each parts needs restriction.Gusset plate and contained back up pad yardstick moderate, certain constraint (restraint) degree should be ensured, binding force can not be made again excessive, prevent from making evaluation test become too cautious.The thickness of shim liner is selected extremely important, if thickness is too thin, is unfavorable for pilot seam bead formed on back, can not ensure to draw to receive arc plate by the unstable region extraction at the weld seam whole story.If thickness is too thick, the difficulty that fillet weld is restrained in welding can be increased, reduce the constraint (restraint) degree of mechanism simultaneously.Width (pilot seam length direction) precision of breadboard needs strict restriction, thus makes evaluation test have good reappearance.Draw and receive the guarantee of arc board size needs by the unstable region extraction pilot seam at the weld seam whole story.Restrain fillet weld and reinforce fillet weld mainly for ensureing the stability of mechanism.
In order to ensure the stability of contained mechanism, restraining fillet weld and reinforcing fillet weld and selecting low hydrogen type welding material, comprise low hydrogen type electrode, solid core welding wire etc., and the welding technology adopting welding material producer to recommend being welded.Pilot seam selects Cellulose-Congo red medium, and welding rod model comprises AWSA5.1E6010, E7010-P1, E8010-P1, E9010-G, selects the Cellulose-Congo red medium of corresponding model according to test pipeline steel plate materials intensity rank.
Adopt Cellulose-Congo red medium to carry out the welding of pilot seam, one can well simulate pipeline steel tube site operation boxing root bead seam, comprises welding procedure, seam center and stress state, moreover, Cellulose-Congo red medium weld hydrogen content is high, has larger fragility, easily brings out welding cold cracking.Thermal weld stress needs strictly to be limited in specialized range, and welding current, weldingvoltage and speed of welding can suitably regulate as required, meet hot input requirements.
The on-the-spot circular seam welding assessment technology of pipeline steel tube of the present invention has the following advantages:
Multidimensional of the present invention is restrained in mechanism, breadboard mates with the reasonable size of contained parts can simulate the overall contained situation to girth joint of pipeline configuration in actual steel pipe site operation welding process preferably, no matter simulate steel pipe axial tension stress or radial tension, all have and bring out the tendency that weld seam produces cold crack, but in view of whole mechanism size Control with mate, this contained effect also can not be excessive, on the whole constraint (restraint) degree is moderate, meeting scene closes in using priciple, this assessment result can be directly used in guide field construction boxing, reduce the conservative degree in Process Planning, be conducive to saving construction welding cost.
Adopt the pilot seam that Cellulose-Congo red medium obtains, from welding procedure, seam center and stress state, closely site operation pipe ring root of weld weld seam, and root bead seam is the region the most easily producing cold crack in whole girth joint.Simultaneously, the pilot seam back side is circular arc, and with both sides mother metal rounding off, this is compared with the irregular weld seam obtained in oblique Y type groove welding crack test and rigid restraint weld cracking expreiment, reduce the stress concentration degree in this region, more anxious close with on-the-spot steel pipe girth joint.So, apply technology of the present invention and carry out the on-the-spot circular seam welding assessment of pipeline steel tube, there is good specific aim with representative;
Invention applies small scale Pipeline Steel Plate and carry out pipeline steel tube site operation circular seam welding assessment, simple and efficient, cost is low, has good application value;
The present invention angularly strictly regulates from contained mechanism design, test plate (panel) size Control and welding procedure, and reproducibility is good, can instruct the circular seam welding of pipeline steel tube site operation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention is based on the on-the-spot circular seam welding appraisal procedure of pipeline steel tube of closing in using priciple, specific multidimensional is utilized to restrain mechanism, test piece for welding structure and the Matingofwelding material scheme of specifying and weld procedure specification, obtain the pilot seam that test condition is very close with the circular seam welding of pipeline steel tube site operation, by evaluation test section of weld joint cracks, the on-the-spot circular seam welding of Indirect evaluation pipeline steel tube.The pilot seam that the present invention obtains, from welding procedure, seam center and stress state, closely site operation pipe ring root of weld weld seam, and close in using priciple based on site operation, well reflect steel pipe site operation circular seam welding situation.
In view of above feature, the on-the-spot circular seam welding appraisal procedure of pipeline steel tube of the present invention has highly application value, first the quality of its circular seam welding of working-yard in the future can be grasped before user selects pipeline steel tube material, for user's selection provides guidance.Secondly, apply appraisal procedure of the present invention, can formulate for pipeline steel tube working-yard welding technology and point the direction with optimization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that T-shaped multidimensional of the present invention restrains mechanism and test plate (panel) structure.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the present invention tests grooves of welding joints pattern and size.
Fig. 3 is pilot seam specimen cross section of the present invention cutting schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is pilot seam pattern schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
See Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 4, the on-the-spot circular seam welding appraisal procedure of a kind of pipeline steel tube of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) adopt T-shaped multidimensional to restrain mechanism and test plate (panel) structure, it comprise gusset plate 1 and on contained back up pad 2; Gusset plate 1 and contained back up pad 2 junction fit together by reinforcing fillet weld 3, T-shaped structure;
2) the thin backing plates of symmetrical placement two pieces along its length 4 (for the thin backing plate 4 in side, lower same) in contained back up pad 2 upper surface, and two pieces of breadboards 5,5 ' are placed on thin backing plate 4 respectively; Breadboard opposite side forms grooves of welding joints, groove angle α=90 ~ 150 °, root face R=0.8 ~ 1.5mm, groove spacing G=1.0 ~ 1.5mm;
3) form totally four contained fillet welds 6,6 ' (restraining fillet weld 6,6 ' for side, lower same) in the welding of the both sides of two breadboards 5,5 ', breadboard 5,5 ' is restrained on contained back up pad 2; Reserve certain length without welding the free end restrained at breadboard 5,5 ' close to welding joint position, both sides breadboard free end and groove spacing constitute breadboard and do not restrain section L, and arrange run-on tab/receipts arc plate in this position;
4) breadboard 5,5 ' welds, and pilot seam, perpendicular to steel plate rolling direction, namely simulates steel pipe girth joint direction; Pilot seam selects Cellulose-Congo red medium, and welding current, weldingvoltage and speed of welding can suitably regulate as required, meets hot input requirements;
5) whole mechanism is at room temperature placed more than 48 hours after having welded by breadboard 5,5 ', then according to along pilot seam direction of welding, the quartern is carried out to pilot seam 10, and 50 ~ 150 times of metallographic observations are carried out to the section of weld joint of four wherein 101 ~ 104; With pilot seam thickness for H
w, the crack length in pilot seam cross section and throat depth direction are H
c, pilot seam cracking breakout C
w=(Σ H
c/ Σ H
w) × 100; If final pilot seam cracking breakout C
wbe no more than 5%, then think that this pipe line steel material does not have obvious cold crack sensitivity tendency, when the arc-welding method of the pipeline steel tube application of equivalent material carries out circular seam welding at the construction field (site), there is good weldability.
The T-shaped multidimensional of the present invention restrains mechanism and breadboard physical dimension and the requirement of breadboard welding technique see table 1, table 2.
Embodiment
The present invention selects the Pipeline Steel Plate of certain thickness X52, X65, X70, X80 and X90 five kinds of intensity ranks respectively, applies technology of the present invention and carries out the on-the-spot circular seam welding assessment of pipeline steel tube, as shown in table 3.Visible, X80 and following Grade, under application the inventive method carries out the on-the-spot circular seam welding evaluation condition of pipeline steel tube, all show good weldability, cool attenuation is very low.For high strength X 90 pipeline steel, weldability is relatively poor, and this is also consistent with actual conditions.
Table 1T font multidimensional restrains mechanism and test plate (panel) geometrical scale
Wherein, pilot seam, perpendicular to steel plate rolling direction, namely simulates steel pipe girth joint direction; Run-on tab is identical with shim liner thickness with receipts arc plate thickness; It is relevant with contained fillet weld length that segment length do not restrained by breadboard, guarantee placement and draw receipts arc plate, simultaneously can not be long.
The requirement of table 2 breadboard welding technique
Table 3 varying strength level pipeline pipeline Plate Welding assessment embodiment
Claims (7)
1. the on-the-spot circular seam welding appraisal procedure of pipeline steel tube, comprises the steps:
1) adopt T-shaped multidimensional to restrain mechanism, it comprise gusset plate and on contained back up pad; Gusset plate and contained back up pad junction fit together by reinforcing fillet weld, T-shaped structure;
2) in contained back up pad upper surface, symmetry places two pieces of thin backing plates along its length, and is placed on thin backing plate respectively by two pieces of breadboards; Breadboard opposite side forms grooves of welding joints, groove angle α=90 ~ 150 °, root face R=0.8 ~ 1.5mm, groove spacing G=1.0 ~ 1.5mm;
3) in the both sides of two breadboards, welding forms totally four contained fillet welds, is restrained by breadboard on contained back up pad; Reserve certain length without welding the free end restrained at breadboard close to welding joint position, both sides breadboard free end and groove spacing constitute breadboard and do not restrain section, and arrange run-on tab/receipts arc plate in this position;
4) breadboard welding, pilot seam, perpendicular to steel plate rolling direction, namely simulates steel pipe girth joint direction; Pilot seam selects Cellulose-Congo red medium, and welding current, weldingvoltage and speed of welding can suitably regulate as required, meets hot input requirements;
5) whole mechanism is at room temperature placed more than 48 hours after having welded by breadboard, then carries out the quartern according to along pilot seam direction of welding to it, and carries out 50 ~ 150 times of metallographic observations to the section of weld joint of four wherein; With pilot seam thickness for H
w, the crack length in pilot seam cross section and throat depth direction are H
c, pilot seam cracking breakout C
w=(Σ H
c/ Σ H
w) × 100; If final pilot seam cracking breakout C
wbe no more than 5%, then think that this pipe line steel material does not have obvious cold crack sensitivity tendency, when the arc-welding method of the pipeline steel tube application of equivalent material carries out circular seam welding at the construction field (site), there is good weldability.
2. the on-the-spot circular seam welding appraisal procedure of pipeline steel tube as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described breadboard thickness is t, width 50 ~ 150mm, length 120 ~ 160mm;
Described gusset plate thickness is 1.2 ~ 2.0t, width 80 ~ 200mm, length 300 ~ 450mm;
Described contained back up pad is 1.2 ~ 2.0t, width 80 ~ 200mm, length 300 ~ 450mm;
Described thin plate thickness is 3 ~ 6mm, width 40 ~ 120, length 110 ~ 140mm.
3. the on-the-spot circular seam welding appraisal procedure of pipeline steel tube as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described run-on tab/receipts arc plate thickness 3 ~ 6mm, length 15 ~ 25, length 25 ~ 40mm.
4. the on-the-spot circular seam welding appraisal procedure of pipeline steel tube as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described contained leg of a fillet weld height >=10mm, reinforces leg of a fillet weld height >=15mm, and it is 20 ~ 40mm that breadboard does not restrain segment length.
5. the on-the-spot circular seam welding appraisal procedure of the pipeline steel tube as described in claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that, described contained fillet weld and reinforcing fillet weld select low hydrogen type welding material, comprise low hydrogen type electrode or solid core welding wire.
6. the on-the-spot circular seam welding appraisal procedure of pipeline steel tube as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, pilot seam selects the model of Cellulose-Congo red medium to comprise AWSA5.1E6010, E7010-P1, E8010-P1, E9010-G.
7. the on-the-spot circular seam welding appraisal procedure of pipeline steel tube as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described breadboard welding technology is:
Thickness of slab <12mm, preheat temperature 60 ± 15 DEG C, core diameter 2.4 ~ 3.2mm, thermal weld stress 0.55 ~ 0.65kJ/mm, welding current 100 ~ 135A, weldingvoltage 22 ~ 26V, speed of welding 250 ~ 350mm/min;
Thickness of slab >=12mm, preheat temperature 75 ± 25 DEG C, core diameter 3.2 ~ 5.0mm, thermal weld stress 0.65 ~ 0.75kJ/mm, welding current 120 ~ 160A, weldingvoltage 21 ~ 25V, speed of welding 250 ~ 350mm/min.
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