CN105445046A - Refrigeration and supercharging system for pipeline structure environmental simulation - Google Patents
Refrigeration and supercharging system for pipeline structure environmental simulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105445046A CN105445046A CN201410382817.XA CN201410382817A CN105445046A CN 105445046 A CN105445046 A CN 105445046A CN 201410382817 A CN201410382817 A CN 201410382817A CN 105445046 A CN105445046 A CN 105445046A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a refrigeration and supercharging system for pipeline structure environmental simulation. The system includes a high pressure helium inlet (16), a first level heat recovery exchanger (7), a second level heat recovery exchanger (10), a liquid nitrogen heat exchanger (8), and a liquid helium heat exchanger (9); high pressure helium is input into the high pressure helium inlet (16), and then successively passes through the first level heat recovery exchanger (7), the liquid nitrogen heat exchanger (8), the second level heat recovery exchanger (10), and the liquid helium heat exchanger (9), and finally is output to an object to be tested; return gas of the object to be tested successively passes through the second level heat recovery exchanger (10) and the first level heat recovery exchanger (7), and then is recycled again; and liquid nitrogen passes through the liquid nitrogen heat exchanger (8) and then is recycled, and liquid helium successively passes through the liquid helium heat exchanger (9), the second level heat recovery exchanger (10), and the first level heat recovery exchanger (7), and then is recycled. The system can simulate an integrated environment of pressure and low temperature, and can simulate an actual environment of high pressure, low temperature, temperature drop, and temperature rise.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to and utilize liquid nitrogen and liquid helium multi-stage refrigerating and control method thereof, can be used for the simulation of pipeline, housing, the isostructural pressure in cabin and low temperature environment, belong to the technical field of refrigerant system design and control.
Background technology
Pipe system is the device of the fluid for carrying gas, liquid or band solid particle that pipe, pipe connections, valve and pipeline support etc. connect into.Along with developing rapidly of China's industry, pipe system is applied in the various commercial plants such as plumbing, heat supply, air feed, long distance delivery, agricultural irrigation, hydraulic engineering more and more widely.At aerospace field, engine pipelines is mainly used in the conveying of the media such as hydraulic oil, fuel, lubricating oil and air, is the important component part of engine accessory power rating device.Cryogenic pipe provides the cryogenic liquid of required condition (uniform temperature, pressure, flow etc.) to outlet, is widely used in the fields such as LNG ship oceangoing ship, liquid propellant rocket and ground loading system thereof, spacecraft space environmental simulation equipment.
Due to the vibration of environment for use and the impact of the external environment condition such as temperature, pressure acute variation, these integrated environments often cause pipe system often various vibration fault can occur, and even cause the destruction of pipeline and cause major accident.Therefore, first to consider the characteristic of pipe system in the design phase of pipe system comprehensively, and verify that the means of design rationality are exactly working environment that is virtually reality like reality, and carry out environmental test.Test findings directly will expose design defect, and by more effective design, therefore the enforcement of pipeline environment simulation system has very large theory value and practical meaning in engineering.
The invention provides a kind of refrigeration for pipeline structure environmental simulation and pressure charging system, cool and supercharging with circulation helium to testpieces, refrigeration can meet the low-temperature space of more than liquid nitrogen temperature, and the profound hypothermia district below liquid nitrogen temperature, and pressure adjustable saves.For profound hypothermia district, the present invention makes full use of the cold of liquid helium outlet and tested object outlet, uses technology of rising again to reduce liquid helium use amount, and improves refrigerating efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of refrigeration for pipeline structure environmental simulation and pressure charging system, with circulation helium, testpieces is cooled and supercharging, refrigeration can meet the low-temperature space of more than liquid nitrogen temperature, and the profound hypothermia district below liquid nitrogen temperature, and pressure adjustable saves.In addition, a kind of refrigeration for pipeline structure environmental simulation provided by the invention and pressure charging system also can be used for cavity, storage tank, the isostructural working environment simulation in cabin.
The present invention is a kind of refrigeration for pipeline structure environmental simulation and pressure charging system, wherein, comprising: high-pressure helium entrance, one-level Recuperative heat exchanger, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger, liquid nitrogen heat interchanger, liquid helium heat interchanger; Wherein, high-pressure helium entrance input normal temperature high voltage helium, exports tested object to successively after one-level Recuperative heat exchanger, liquid nitrogen heat interchanger, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger, liquid helium heat interchanger; Tested object return-air again circulates successively after secondary Recuperative heat exchanger, one-level Recuperative heat exchanger; Liquid nitrogen reclaims after liquid nitrogen heat interchanger, and liquid helium reclaims successively after liquid helium heat interchanger, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger, one-level Recuperative heat exchanger;
Wherein, one-level Recuperative heat exchanger utilizes the cold of liquid helium and tested object return-air to be circulated by normal temperature the preliminary precooling of helium, and secondary Recuperative heat exchanger utilizes liquid helium to give vent to anger and the further cool cycles helium of tested object return-air cold; Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger is for the heat exchange of circulate helium and liquid nitrogen, and liquid helium heat interchanger is for the heat exchange of circulate helium and liquid helium.
As above for refrigeration and the pressure charging system of pipeline structure environmental simulation, wherein, also comprise: circulated helium pump; Surge tank stop valve; Surge tank; By-pass valve; Normal temperature gas admittance valve; Normal temperature return-air valve; Main road flowmeter; Bypass flow meter; Helium vent valve;
Low temperature air inlet valve; Low temperature return-air valve; Temperature in; Inlet pressure; Outlet temperature; Vent valve; High-pressure helium entrance; High pressure helium air valve; Liquid nitrogen valve; Liquid nitrogen entrance; Liquid nitrogen exports; Liquid helium valve; Liquid helium entrance; Liquid helium exports; Helium recovery unit;
Further, one-level Recuperative heat exchanger comprises: one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance; One-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium exports; One-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium entrance; One-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium exports; One-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet; One-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet;
Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger comprises: liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium entrance; Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium exports; Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen entrance; Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen exports;
Liquid helium heat interchanger comprises: liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium entrance; Liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium exports; Liquid helium heat interchanger helium entrance; Liquid helium heat interchanger helium exports;
Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger comprises: secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance; Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium exports; Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium entrance; Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium exports; Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet; Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet;
Wherein, circulated helium pump is power source; The cold that liquid nitrogen and liquid helium produce is brought to tested object through liquid nitrogen heat interchanger and liquid helium heat interchanger by circulation helium; Circulated helium pump for driving helium at pipeline and tested object Inner eycle, and exchanges the cold cooling tested object of liquid nitrogen and liquid helium;
Surge tank stablizes the flow of circulated helium pump generation and the pulsation of pressure; The upper end of surge tank is provided with high pressure helium air valve and high-pressure helium entrance, for the input of high-pressure helium; The lower end of surge tank is provided with surge tank stop valve;
Described one-level Recuperative heat exchanger, liquid nitrogen heat interchanger, liquid helium heat interchanger, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger are integrated in Dewar;
Circulated helium pump discharge is communicated with surge tank stop valve, normal temperature gas admittance valve, bypass flow meter, and the other end of surge tank stop valve is communicated with surge tank, and high pressure helium air valve is connected to surge tank and high-pressure helium entrance;
Normal temperature gas admittance valve is connected to circulated helium pump and main road flowmeter, the other end of main road flowmeter is connected with the one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium entrance on the one-level Recuperative heat exchanger in Dewar, the outlet of one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium is communicated with liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium entrance, the outlet of liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium is connected with secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium entrance, and the outlet of secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium is connected with liquid helium heat interchanger helium entrance; Low temperature air inlet valve two ends are connected to the outlet of liquid helium heat interchanger helium and temperature in and inlet pressure test point respectively; Low temperature return-air valve is connected to tested object exhausr port and secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet; Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet is connected with one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet, and one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet is connected with normal temperature return-air valve and vent valve; The gas returning port of circulation helium pump is connected with by-pass valve and by-pass valve; The by-pass valve other end is connected to bypass flow meter;
For liquid helium loop, liquid helium valve two ends connect liquid helium entrance and liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium entrance, the outlet of liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium connects secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance, the outlet of secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium is connected with one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance, helium vent valve is connected to the outlet of one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium and liquid helium outlet, and liquid helium outlet is arranged on helium recovery unit;
Intrasystem circulation helium is provided with two branch roads, uses main road flow to take into account bypass flow meter monitoring helium gas flow respectively; In main road, helium is for carrying the cold cooling tested object of liquid nitrogen and liquid helium, and main road total flow can regulate by regulating by-pass valve;
The circulation helium of main road is expressed as follows: the high-pressure helium produced by circulated helium pump is through normal temperature gas admittance valve adjustment pressure, and show flow by main road flowmeter, enter one-level Recuperative heat exchanger from one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium entrance, after the outlet of one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium is discharged, enter liquid nitrogen heat interchanger and the abundant heat exchange of liquid nitrogen through liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium entrance; Circulation helium enters secondary Recuperative heat exchanger through secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium entrance after the outlet of liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium is discharged, and enters liquid helium heat interchanger by secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium outlet discharge through liquid helium heat interchanger helium entrance; The circulation helium of discharging from the outlet of liquid helium heat interchanger helium enters tested object after the adjustment of low temperature air inlet valve, and monitors temperature in and inlet pressure; The circulation helium that tested object is discharged enters secondary Recuperative heat exchanger through secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet and is discharged by secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet after the adjustment of low temperature return-air valve; After this, circulation helium enters one-level Recuperative heat exchanger and initial circulation helium heat exchange through one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet; After the discharge of one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet, be back to circulated helium pump through normal temperature return-air valve complete circulation;
The circulated helium of bypass is expressed as follows: the high-pressure helium part produced by circulated helium pump is directly back to circulated helium pump after by-pass valve adjustment, and this road flow is monitored by bypass flow meter.
The present invention proposes a kind of refrigeration for pipeline structure environmental simulation and pressure charging system, its advantage is, system uses liquid nitrogen and liquid helium two-stage refrigeration, and by high-pressure helium supercharging, surge tank is used to play pressure stabilization function in system, can the integrated environment of simulated pressure and low temperature, also can simulated high-pressure, low temperature, cooling, intensification actual environment.Operation system setting main road and branch road, can adjust main road flow by by-pass valve, realizes the object regulating the tested object temperature difference.Operation system setting one-level Recuperative heat exchanger, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger, make full use of the cold of rising again of liquid helium and test specimen Inner eycle helium, tentatively freezed by circulation helium, realizes reducing liquid helium consumption, and improve the object of refrigerating efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is used for refrigeration and the pressure charging system principle of pipeline structure environmental simulation;
Fig. 2 low-temperature space environmental simulation flow process;
Fig. 3 profound hypothermia district's environmental simulation flow process.
1 circulated helium pump; 2 surge tank stop valves; 3 surge tanks; 4 by-pass valve; 4a normal temperature gas admittance valve; 4b normal temperature return-air valve; 5a main road flowmeter; 5b bypass flow meter; 6 helium vent valves; 7 one-level Recuperative heat exchangers; 7a one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance; 7b one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium exports; 7c one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium entrance; 7d one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium exports; 7e one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet; 7f one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet; 8 liquid nitrogen heat interchanger; 8a liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium entrance; 8b liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium exports; 8c liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen entrance; 8d liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen exports; 9 liquid helium heat interchanger; 9a liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium entrance; 9b liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium exports; 9c liquid helium heat interchanger helium entrance; 9d liquid helium heat interchanger helium exports; 10 secondary Recuperative heat exchangers; 10a secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance; 10b secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium exports; 10c secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium entrance; 10d secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium exports; 10e secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet; 10f secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet; 11a low temperature air inlet valve; 11b low temperature return-air valve; 12 temperature ins; 13 inlet pressures; 14 outlet temperatures; 15 vent valves; 16 high-pressure helium entrances; 16a high pressure helium air valve; 17 liquid nitrogen valves; 18a liquid nitrogen entrance; 18b liquid nitrogen exports; 19 liquid helium valves; 20a liquid helium entrance; 20b liquid helium exports; 21 helium recovery unit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of refrigeration for pipeline structure environmental simulation and pressure charging system, use circulation helium to cool and supercharging testpieces, the profound hypothermia district of more than the following liquid helium region in low-temperature space and liquid nitrogen temperature of more than liquid nitrogen temperature can be realized, and realize the fine adjustment of pressure.
Comprise circulated helium pump 1; Surge tank stop valve 2; Surge tank 3; By-pass valve 4; Normal temperature gas admittance valve 4a; Normal temperature return-air valve 4b; Main road flowmeter 5a; Bypass flow meter 5b; Helium vent valve 6; One-level Recuperative heat exchanger 7; One-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance 7a; One-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium outlet 7b; One-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium entrance 7c; One-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium outlet 7d; One-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet 7e; One-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet 7f; Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger 8; Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium entrance 8a; Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium outlet 8b; Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen entrance 8c; Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen outlet 8d; Liquid helium heat interchanger 9; Liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium entrance 9a; Liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium outlet 9b; Liquid helium heat interchanger helium entrance 9c; Liquid helium heat interchanger helium outlet 9d; Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger 10; Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance 10a; Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium outlet 10b; Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium entrance 10c; Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium outlet 10d; Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet 10e; Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet 10f; Low temperature air inlet valve 11a; Low temperature return-air valve 11b; Temperature in 12; Inlet pressure 13; Outlet temperature 14; Vent valve 15; High-pressure helium entrance 16; High pressure helium air valve 16a; Liquid nitrogen valve 17; Liquid nitrogen entrance 18a; Liquid nitrogen outlet 18b; Liquid helium valve 19; Liquid helium entrance 20a; Liquid helium outlet 20b; Helium recovery unit 21.
Wherein, circulated helium pump 1 is power source, makes helium overcome fluid resistance at pipeline Inner eycle, and realizes the flow of requirement.The cold that liquid nitrogen and liquid helium produce is brought to tested object through liquid nitrogen heat interchanger 8 and liquid helium heat interchanger 9 by circulation helium.Circulated helium pump 1 for driving helium at pipeline and tested object Inner eycle, and exchanges the cold cooling tested object of liquid nitrogen and liquid helium.
The pulsation of the flow that surge tank 3 produces for stable circulated helium pump 1 and pressure, also plays buffer action to system boost, pressure reduction, makes pressure and flow not produce sudden change.The upper end of surge tank 3 is provided with high pressure helium air valve 16a and high-pressure helium entrance 16, for the input of high-pressure helium, realizes the object of supercharging.The lower end of surge tank 3 is provided with surge tank stop valve 2, when closing surge tank stop valve 2 after off-test, the helium in surge tank 3 can be stored, using in order to test next time, fundamental purpose is the use amount of saving helium, and shortens the time of gas displacement in pipeline.Surge tank 3 utilizes the characteristic that gas is compressible and expand, and the storage replaced or release reach the object reducing flow and pressure fluctuation in pipeline.
Leak heat for reducing system, described one-level Recuperative heat exchanger 7, liquid nitrogen heat interchanger 8, liquid helium heat interchanger 9, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger 10 are integrated in Dewar.
One-level Recuperative heat exchanger 7 utilizes the cold of liquid helium and tested object return-air to be circulated by normal temperature the preliminary precooling of helium, and secondary Recuperative heat exchanger 10 utilizes liquid helium to give vent to anger and the further cool cycles helium of tested object return-air cold.Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger is for the heat exchange of circulate helium and liquid nitrogen, and liquid helium heat interchanger is for the heat exchange of circulate helium and liquid helium.
One-level Recuperative heat exchanger 7 is provided with one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance 7a, the outlet of one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium 7b, one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium entrance 7c, the outlet of one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium 7d, one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet 7e, one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet 7f;
Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger 8 is provided with liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium entrance 8a, the outlet of liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium 8b, liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen entrance 8c, liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen outlet 8d;
Liquid helium heat interchanger 9 is provided with liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium entrance 9a, the outlet of liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium 9b, liquid helium heat interchanger helium entrance 9c, liquid helium heat interchanger helium outlet 9d;
Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger 10 is provided with secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance 10a, the outlet of secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium 10b, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium entrance 10c, the outlet of secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium 10d, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet 10e, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet 10f.
Circulated helium pump 1 outlet is communicated with surge tank stop valve 2, normal temperature gas admittance valve 4a, bypass flow meter 5b, and the other end of surge tank stop valve 2 is communicated with surge tank 3, and high pressure helium air valve 16a is connected to surge tank 3 and high-pressure helium entrance 16.
Normal temperature gas admittance valve 4a is connected to circulated helium pump 1 and main road flowmeter 5a, the other end of main road flowmeter 5a is connected with the one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium entrance 7c on the one-level Recuperative heat exchanger 7 in Dewar, one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium outlet 7d is communicated with liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium entrance 8a, liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium outlet 8b is connected with secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium entrance 10c, and secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium outlet 10d is connected with liquid helium heat interchanger helium entrance 9c.Low temperature air inlet valve 11a two ends are connected to liquid helium heat interchanger helium outlet 9d and temperature in 12 and inlet pressure 13 test point respectively.Low temperature return-air valve 11b is connected to tested object exhausr port and secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet 10e.Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet 10f is connected with one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet 7e, and one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet 7f is connected with normal temperature return-air valve 4b and vent valve 15.The gas returning port of circulation helium pump 1 is connected with by-pass valve 4 and by-pass valve 4.By-pass valve 4 other end is connected to bypass flow meter 5b.
For liquid helium loop, liquid helium valve 19 two ends connect liquid helium entrance 20a and liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium entrance 9a, liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium outlet 9b connects secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance 10a, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium outlet 10b is connected with one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance 7a, helium vent valve 6 is connected to one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium outlet 7b and liquid helium outlet 20b, and liquid helium outlet 20b is arranged on helium recovery unit 21.
Intrasystem circulation helium is provided with two branch roads, uses main road flowmeter 5a and bypass flow meter 5b to monitor helium gas flow respectively.In main road, helium is for carrying the cold cooling tested object of liquid nitrogen and liquid helium, and main road total flow can regulate by regulating by-pass valve 4.
The circulation helium of main road is expressed as follows: the high-pressure helium produced by circulated helium pump 1 adjusts pressure through normal temperature gas admittance valve 4a, and show flow by main road flowmeter 5a, enter one-level Recuperative heat exchanger 7 from one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium entrance 7c, after one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium outlet 7d discharges, enter liquid nitrogen heat interchanger 8 and the abundant heat exchange of liquid nitrogen through liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium entrance 8a.Circulation helium enters secondary Recuperative heat exchanger 10 through secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium entrance 10c after liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium outlet 8b discharges, and enters liquid helium heat interchanger 9 by secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium outlet 10d discharge through liquid helium heat interchanger helium entrance 9c.The circulation helium of discharging from liquid helium heat interchanger helium outlet 9d enters tested object after low temperature air inlet valve 11a adjusts, and monitors temperature in 12 and inlet pressure 13.The circulation helium that tested object is discharged enters secondary Recuperative heat exchanger 10 through secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet 10e and is discharged by secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet 10f after low temperature return-air valve 11b adjusts.After this, circulation helium enters one-level Recuperative heat exchanger 7 and initial circulation helium heat exchange through one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet 7e.After one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet 7f discharge, be back to circulated helium pump 1 through normal temperature return-air valve 4b complete circulation.
The circulated helium of bypass is expressed as follows: the high-pressure helium part produced by circulated helium pump 1 is directly back to circulated helium pump 1 after by-pass valve 4 adjusts, and this road flow is monitored by bypass flow meter 5b.
It is as follows that liquid nitrogen injects embodiment: liquid nitrogen is entered by liquid nitrogen entrance 18a, and adjusts flow through liquid nitrogen valve 17, enters liquid nitrogen heat interchanger 8 by liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen entrance 8c, in liquid nitrogen heat interchanger 8, and liquid nitrogen and the abundant heat exchange of circulation helium.Liquid nitrogen endothermic gasification, through liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen outlet 8d and by liquid nitrogen outlet 18b discharge.
It is as follows that liquid helium injects embodiment: liquid helium enters pipeline by liquid helium entrance 20a, through liquid helium valve 19 adjust flux, enters liquid helium heat interchanger 9 by liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium entrance 9a.In liquid helium heat interchanger 9, liquid helium and circulation helium sufficient heat exchange.Circulation helium exports 9b by liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium and discharges, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger 10 is entered by secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance 10a, in secondary Recuperative heat exchanger 10, the return-air of circulation helium all with the Exhaust Gas of liquid helium all with the air inlet heat interchange of circulation helium.Circulation helium is exported after 10b discharges by secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium and enters one-level Recuperative heat exchanger 7 through one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance 7a, exported after 7b discharges by one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium and adjust through helium vent valve 6, and enter helium recovery unit 21 by liquid helium outlet 20b.The flow of liquid helium can be adjusted by liquid helium valve 19 and helium vent valve 6.
The pressure of tested object inside, also the pressure of helium of namely circulating can be adjusted jointly by high-pressure helium and vent valve, when circulation helium pressure is lower, high-pressure helium enters through high-pressure helium entrance, and surge tank is entered after high-pressure helium pressure regulating valve, enter circulation helium pipeline through surge tank stop valve after voltage stabilizing.When circulation helium pressure is higher, open vent valve exhaust, and the inlet pressure of monitoring and test object, after arriving desired value, close vent valve.Because the pressure stabilization function of surge tank, whole adjustment process, pressure and flow change comparatively steady.
The temperature of tested object inside, is divided into the low-temperature space of more than liquid nitrogen temperature, and profound hypothermia the district more than following liquid helium temperature of liquid nitrogen temperature.When the temperature environment needing simulation is low-temperature space environment, then close liquid helium valve and stop liquid helium supply, only need liquid nitrogen to provide cold.When the temperature environment needing simulation is profound hypothermia district environment, then need liquid helium supply.
First the process of carrying out simulating is summarized as follows:
(1) gas displacement in pipeline: test the preparatory stage terminate after by the supercharging of high-pressure helium entrance until increase to displacement pressure, voltage stabilizing is vented by vent valve after a period of time, exhaust terminates rear detection vacuum tightness and whether reaches requirement, if do not reached, pressurising is also vented and repeats said process until reach vacuum level requirements again.
(2) system boost: by the supercharging of helium entrance until increase to the goal pressure of testing requirements, and monitored by inlet pressure, if the goal pressure reaching testing requirements then continues pressurising, if exceed goal pressure, by vent valve exhaust decompression.
(3) system cooling: add liquid nitrogen by liquid nitrogen entrance, starts circulation helium pump, circulation helium in liquid nitrogen heat interchanger with liquid nitrogen heat interchange, circulation helium brings cold into tested object.
When test is simulated for profound hypothermia district, after said temperature is down to liquid nitrogen temperature, liquid helium enters pipeline by liquid helium entrance, and circulation helium and liquid helium are in the heat exchange of liquid helium heat interchanger, and circulation helium brings the cold of liquid helium into tested object.When test is simulated for low-temperature space, then do not need the operation that above-mentioned liquid helium is supplied.
Because circulate in process helium catch a cold volume reduce, pressure reduce, when inlet pressure detects that pressure reduces, by the supercharging of high-pressure helium entrance until temperature in and inlet pressure all reach testing requirements.
(4) gateway temperature difference adjustment: by the gateway temperature difference of inlet pressure and top hole pressure monitoring and test object, when temperature difference is larger, adjustment by-pass valve also monitors main road flowmeter, along with the gateway temperature difference of the increase tested object of main road flow reduces, until arrive testing requirements.
(5) after test reaches and wants seeking time, close surge tank stop valve, stop circulated helium pump, be vented step-down by vent valve, tested object is risen again naturally, off-test.
The present invention proposes a kind of refrigeration for pipeline structure environmental simulation and pressure charging system, its advantage is, system uses liquid nitrogen and liquid helium two-stage refrigeration, and by high-pressure helium supercharging, surge tank is used to play pressure stabilization function in system, can the integrated environment of simulated pressure and low temperature, also can simulated high-pressure, low temperature, cooling, intensification actual environment.Operation system setting main road and branch road, can adjust main road flow by by-pass valve, realizes the object regulating the tested object temperature difference.Operation system setting one-level Recuperative heat exchanger, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger, make full use of the cold of rising again of liquid helium and test specimen Inner eycle helium, tentatively freezed by circulation helium, realizes reducing liquid helium consumption, and improve the object of refrigerating efficiency.
Detailed process is described as follows:
Environmental simulation flow process in low-temperature space is with reference to Fig. 2:
(1) preparatory stage is tested, the liquid helium of the external source of the gas at connecting test object, high-pressure helium entrance 16 place, the liquid nitrogen source at liquid nitrogen entrance 18a place, liquid helium entrance 20a, confirms main road flowmeter 5a, bypass flow meter 5b, temperature in 12 sensor, inlet pressure 13 sensor, outlet temperature 14 normal operation of sensor.
(2) inject high-pressure helium by high-pressure helium entrance 16, and enter surge tank 3 after being adjusted by high pressure helium air valve 16a, enter circulation line by surge tank stop valve 2, realize the supercharging of replacement process.By inlet pressure 13 monitoring pressure in this process, when pressure exceedes goal pressure, open vent valve 15 and be vented.After pressure increases to displacement pressure, close high pressure helium air valve 16a, steady pressure a period of time, after pressure change, open vent valve 15 and be vented.Vacuum tightness is detected after pressure release, as do not reached vacuum level requirements, then supercharging being vented, until reach vacuum level requirements again.
(3) inject high-pressure helium by high-pressure helium entrance 16, realize the supercharging of process of refrigerastion.By inlet pressure 13 monitoring pressure, when pressure exceedes goal pressure, open vent valve 15 and be vented.Liquid nitrogen is entered by liquid nitrogen entrance 18a, and adjusts flow through liquid nitrogen valve 17, enters liquid nitrogen heat interchanger 8 by liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen entrance 8c, exports 8d and exports 18b through liquid nitrogen discharge after gasification by liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen.
(4) start circulated helium pump 1, circulation helium liquid nitrogen heat interchanger 8 in the abundant heat exchange of liquid nitrogen, and carry cold and cool liquid helium heat interchanger 9, tested object, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger 10 and one-level Recuperative heat exchanger 7.Because temperature reduces, the pressure of circulation helium will decrease, and monitor according to inlet pressure 13, when pressure decreases, inject high-pressure helium steady pressure by high-pressure helium entrance 16.According to temperature in 12 monitor temperature until temperature is down to desired value.When temperature in 12 is higher than target temperature, strengthen the aperture of liquid nitrogen valve 17, increase liquid nitrogen flow; When temperature in 12 is lower than target temperature, reduce the aperture of liquid nitrogen valve 17, reduce liquid nitrogen flow.
According to the gateway temperature difference requirement of tested object, test the temperature difference by temperature in 12 and outlet temperature 14.When testing the temperature difference and being greater than target temperature difference, reduce the aperture of by-pass valve 4, increase main road flow (monitoring by main road flowmeter 5a), until the test temperature difference reaches target temperature difference.When testing the temperature difference and being less than target temperature difference, increase the aperture of by-pass valve 4, reduce main road flow (monitoring by main road flowmeter 5a), increase bypass flow (monitoring by bypass flow meter 5b), until the test temperature difference reaches target temperature difference.According to testing requirements, the requirement of holding temperature, pressure, the temperature difference, completes test period, until off-test.
(5), after off-test, open vent valve 15 exhaust decompression, tested object is risen again naturally, is monitored by temperature in 12, until tested object rises to natural temperature.
Environmental simulation flow process in profound hypothermia district is with reference to Fig. 3:
(1) preparatory stage is tested, the liquid helium of the external source of the gas at connecting test object, high-pressure helium entrance 16 place, the liquid nitrogen source at liquid nitrogen entrance 18a place, liquid helium entrance 20a, confirms main road flowmeter 5a, bypass flow meter 5b, temperature in 12 sensor, inlet pressure 13 sensor, outlet temperature 14 normal operation of sensor.
(2) inject high-pressure helium by high-pressure helium entrance 16, and enter surge tank 3 after being adjusted by high pressure helium air valve 16a, enter circulation line by surge tank stop valve 2, realize the supercharging of replacement process.By inlet pressure 13 monitoring pressure in this process, when pressure exceedes goal pressure, open vent valve 15 and be vented.After pressure increases to displacement pressure, close high pressure helium air valve 16a, steady pressure a period of time, after pressure change, open vent valve 15 and be vented.Vacuum tightness is detected after pressure release, as do not reached vacuum level requirements, then supercharging being vented, until reach vacuum level requirements again.
(3) inject high-pressure helium by high-pressure helium entrance 16, realize the supercharging of process of refrigerastion.By inlet pressure 13 monitoring pressure, when pressure exceedes goal pressure, open vent valve 15 and be vented.Liquid nitrogen is entered by liquid nitrogen entrance 18a, and adjusts flow through liquid nitrogen valve 17, enters liquid nitrogen heat interchanger 8 by liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen entrance 8c, exports 8d and exports 18b through liquid nitrogen discharge after gasification by liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen.
(4) start circulated helium pump 1, circulation helium liquid nitrogen heat interchanger 8 in the abundant heat exchange of liquid nitrogen, and carry cold and cool liquid helium heat interchanger 9, tested object, secondary Recuperative heat exchanger 10 and one-level Recuperative heat exchanger 7.Because temperature reduces, the pressure of circulation helium will decrease, and monitor according to inlet pressure 13, when pressure decreases, inject high-pressure helium steady pressure by high-pressure helium entrance 16.According to temperature in 12 monitor temperature until the temperature of tested object is down to liquid nitrogen temperature.When temperature in 12 is higher than liquid nitrogen temperature, strengthen the aperture of liquid nitrogen valve 17, increase liquid nitrogen flow; When temperature in 12 is lower than liquid nitrogen temperature, reduce the aperture of liquid nitrogen valve 17, reduce liquid nitrogen flow.
(5) in pipeline, inject liquid helium by liquid helium entrance 20a, through liquid helium valve 19 adjust flux, enter liquid helium heat interchanger 9 by liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium entrance 9a.In liquid helium heat interchanger 9, the heat of liquid helium absorption cycle helium, heat up gasification, and the cold of liquid helium is brought to tested object by circulation helium.
According to temperature in 12 monitoring and test object temperature until temperature is down to desired value.When temperature in 12 is higher than target temperature, strengthen the aperture of liquid helium valve 19, increase liquid helium flow; When temperature in 12 is lower than target temperature, reduce the aperture of liquid helium valve 19, reduce liquid helium flow.
According to the gateway temperature difference requirement of tested object, test the temperature difference by temperature in 12 and outlet temperature 14.When testing the temperature difference and being greater than target temperature difference, reduce the aperture of by-pass valve 4, increase main road flow (monitoring by main road flowmeter 5a), until the test temperature difference reaches target temperature difference.When testing the temperature difference and being less than target temperature difference, increase the aperture of by-pass valve 4, reduce main road flow (monitoring by main road flowmeter 5a), increase bypass flow (monitoring by bypass flow meter 5b), until the test temperature difference reaches target temperature difference.According to testing requirements, the requirement of holding temperature, pressure, the temperature difference, completes test period, until off-test.
(6) after off-test, open vent valve 15 exhaust decompression, tested object is risen again naturally, closes liquid helium valve 19 and stops liquid helium supply.Monitored by temperature in 12, until tested object rises to natural temperature.
Above embodiments of the invention are explained in detail, above-mentioned embodiment is only optimum embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, can also make a variety of changes under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept.
Claims (2)
1. the refrigeration for pipeline structure environmental simulation and pressure charging system, it is characterized in that, comprising: high-pressure helium entrance (16), one-level Recuperative heat exchanger (7), secondary Recuperative heat exchanger (10), liquid nitrogen heat interchanger (8), liquid helium heat interchanger (9); Wherein, high-pressure helium entrance (16) input normal temperature high voltage helium, exports tested object through one-level Recuperative heat exchanger (7), liquid nitrogen heat interchanger (8), secondary Recuperative heat exchanger (10), liquid helium heat interchanger to after (9) successively; Tested object return-air circulates after (7) again through secondary Recuperative heat exchanger (10), one-level Recuperative heat exchanger successively; Liquid nitrogen reclaims after liquid nitrogen heat interchanger (8), and liquid helium reclaims after (7) through liquid helium heat interchanger (9), secondary Recuperative heat exchanger (10), one-level Recuperative heat exchanger successively;
Wherein, one-level Recuperative heat exchanger (7) utilizes the cold of liquid helium and tested object return-air to be circulated by normal temperature the preliminary precooling of helium, and secondary Recuperative heat exchanger (10) utilizes liquid helium to give vent to anger and the further cool cycles helium of tested object return-air cold; Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger (8) is for the heat exchange of circulate helium and liquid nitrogen, and liquid helium heat interchanger (9) is for the heat exchange of circulate helium and liquid helium.
2. a kind of refrigeration for pipeline structure environmental simulation and pressure charging system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise: circulated helium pump (1); Surge tank stop valve (2); Surge tank (3); By-pass valve (4); Normal temperature gas admittance valve (4a); Normal temperature return-air valve (4b); Main road flowmeter (5a); Bypass flow meter (5b); Helium vent valve (6);
Low temperature air inlet valve (11a); Low temperature return-air valve (11b); Temperature in (12); Inlet pressure (13); Outlet temperature (14); Vent valve (15); High-pressure helium entrance (16); High pressure helium air valve (16a); Liquid nitrogen valve (17); Liquid nitrogen entrance (18a); Liquid nitrogen outlet (18b); Liquid helium valve (19); Liquid helium entrance (20a); Liquid helium outlet (20b); Helium recovery unit (21);
Further, one-level Recuperative heat exchanger (7) comprising: one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance (7a); One-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium outlet (7b); One-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium entrance (7c); One-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium outlet (7d); One-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet (7e); One-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet (7f);
Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger (8) comprising: liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium entrance (8a); Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium outlet (8b); Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen entrance (8c); Liquid nitrogen heat interchanger liquid nitrogen outlet (8d);
Liquid helium heat interchanger (9) comprising: liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium entrance (9a); Liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium outlet (9b); Liquid helium heat interchanger helium entrance (9c); Liquid helium heat interchanger helium outlet (9d);
Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger (10) comprising: secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance (10a); Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium outlet (10b); Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium entrance (10c); Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium outlet (10d); Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet (10e); Secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet (10f);
Wherein, circulated helium pump (1) is power source; The cold that liquid nitrogen and liquid helium produce is brought to tested object through liquid nitrogen heat interchanger (8) and liquid helium heat interchanger (9) by circulation helium; Circulated helium pump (1) for driving helium at pipeline and tested object Inner eycle, and exchanges the cold cooling tested object of liquid nitrogen and liquid helium;
The pulsation of flow that circulated helium pump (1) produces and pressure stablized by surge tank (3); The upper end of surge tank (3) is provided with high pressure helium air valve (16a) and high-pressure helium entrance (16), for the input of high-pressure helium; The lower end of surge tank (3) is provided with surge tank stop valve (2);
Described one-level Recuperative heat exchanger (7), liquid nitrogen heat interchanger (8), liquid helium heat interchanger (9), secondary Recuperative heat exchanger (10) are integrated in Dewar;
Circulated helium pump (1) outlet is communicated with surge tank stop valve (2), normal temperature gas admittance valve (4a), bypass flow meter (5b), the other end of surge tank stop valve (2) is communicated with surge tank (3), and high pressure helium air valve (16a) is connected to surge tank (3) and high-pressure helium entrance (16);
Normal temperature gas admittance valve (4a) is connected to circulated helium pump (1) and main road flowmeter (5a), the other end of main road flowmeter (5a) is connected with one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium entrance (7c) on the one-level Recuperative heat exchanger (7) in Dewar, one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium outlet (7d) is communicated with liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium entrance (8a), liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium outlet (8b) is connected with secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium entrance (10c), secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium outlet (10d) is connected with liquid helium heat interchanger helium entrance (9c), low temperature air inlet valve (11a) two ends are connected to liquid helium heat interchanger helium outlet (9d) and temperature in (12) and inlet pressure (13) test point respectively, low temperature return-air valve (11b) is connected to tested object exhausr port and secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet (10e), secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet (10f) is connected with one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet (7e), and one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet (7f) is connected with normal temperature return-air valve (4b) and vent valve (15), the gas returning port of circulation helium pump (1) is connected with by-pass valve (4) and by-pass valve (4), by-pass valve (4) other end is connected to bypass flow meter (5b),
For liquid helium loop, liquid helium valve (19) two ends connect liquid helium entrance (20a) and liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium entrance (9a), liquid helium heat interchanger liquid helium outlet (9b) connects secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance (10a), secondary Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium outlet (10b) is connected with one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium entrance (7a), helium vent valve (6) is connected to one-level Recuperative heat exchanger liquid helium outlet (7b) and liquid helium outlet (20b), and liquid helium outlet (20b) is arranged on helium recovery unit (21);
Intrasystem circulation helium is provided with two branch roads, uses main road flowmeter (5a) and bypass flow meter (5b) to monitor helium gas flow respectively; In main road, helium is for carrying the cold cooling tested object of liquid nitrogen and liquid helium, and main road total flow can regulate by regulating by-pass valve (4);
The circulation helium of main road is expressed as follows: the high-pressure helium produced by circulated helium pump (1) adjusts pressure through normal temperature gas admittance valve (4a), and show flow by main road flowmeter (5a), enter one-level Recuperative heat exchanger (7) from one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium entrance (7c), after one-level Recuperative heat exchanger normal temperature helium outlet (7d) is discharged, enter liquid nitrogen heat interchanger (8) and the abundant heat exchange of liquid nitrogen through liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium entrance (8a); Circulation helium enters secondary Recuperative heat exchanger (10) through secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium entrance (10c) after liquid nitrogen heat interchanger helium outlet (8b) is discharged, and enters liquid helium heat interchanger (9) by secondary Recuperative heat exchanger helium outlet (10d) discharge through liquid helium heat interchanger helium entrance (9c); The circulation helium of discharging from liquid helium heat interchanger helium outlet (9d) enters tested object after low temperature air inlet valve (11a) adjustment, and monitors temperature in (12) and inlet pressure (13); The circulation helium that tested object is discharged enters secondary Recuperative heat exchanger (10) through secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet (10e) and is discharged by secondary Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet (10f) after low temperature return-air valve (11b) adjustment; After this, circulation helium enters one-level Recuperative heat exchanger (7) and initial circulation helium heat exchange through one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air inlet (7e); After one-level Recuperative heat exchanger circulation helium return air outlet (7f) discharge, be back to circulated helium pump (1) through normal temperature return-air valve (4b) complete circulation;
The circulated helium of bypass is expressed as follows: the high-pressure helium part produced by circulated helium pump (1) is directly back to circulated helium pump (1) after by-pass valve (4) adjustment, and this road flow is monitored by bypass flow meter (5b).
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| CN107238450A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-10-10 | 安徽万瑞冷电科技有限公司 | A kind of cryogenic fluid transfer pipeline leakage heat test device and method |
| CN107525660A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-12-29 | 裴渐强 | A kind of low-temperature safety valve calibration equipment |
| CN108458888A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-08-28 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | A kind of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device |
| CN110792923A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-02-14 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | Device and method for filling a container with a pressurized gas |
| CN115307918A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2022-11-08 | 天津航天瑞莱科技有限公司 | Test run test system of pulse type engine |
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| CN117214224B (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2024-02-09 | 西安聚能超导磁体科技有限公司 | Closed circulation sample testing temperature changing system |
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