CN105443178A - Ship waste heat power generation device based on liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation and working method of ship waste heat power generation device - Google Patents
Ship waste heat power generation device based on liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation and working method of ship waste heat power generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105443178A CN105443178A CN201510954376.0A CN201510954376A CN105443178A CN 105443178 A CN105443178 A CN 105443178A CN 201510954376 A CN201510954376 A CN 201510954376A CN 105443178 A CN105443178 A CN 105443178A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
- F01K27/02—Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ship waste heat power generation device based on liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation and a working method of the ship waste heat power generation device, and belongs to the field of energy conservation and environmental protection. The ship waste heat power generation device mainly comprises a waste heat recovery device, a pump, a mixing chamber, an MHD power generation channel, a jet pipe, a separator, a diesel generator combustion chamber, a waste heat boiler, a seawater desalination device and a relevant heat exchanger. With the adoption of the ship waste heat power generation device, after low-boiling-point fluid is mixed with liquid metal which is heated to a high temperature by exhausted heat, used as a heat source, of the diesel generator combustion chamber and the waste heat boiler, the low-boiling-point fluid is vaporized and expanded to push the liquid metal to flow, and current is generated to generate power under the action of a magnetic field; low-boiling-point working medium steam separated from the separator is liquefied after being cooled by seawater in a condenser and is pressurized by the pump and then sent into the mixing chamber to finish circulation; and in addition, the heated seawater enters the seawater desalination device, and generated fresh water enters the waste heat boiler to be heated and is used as domestic hot water on a ship. The ship waste heat power generation device effectively utilizes the waste heat of the ship, increases the utilization ratio of the energy and is simpler in design.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of Ship Waste Heat electricity generating device and method of work thereof, particularly relate to a kind of Ship Waste Heat electricity generating device based on liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation and method of work thereof, it belongs to energy-conserving and environment-protective field.
Background technique:
Magnetic fluid (magnetohydrodynamics, be called for short MHD) generator, according to Faraday's electromagnetic induction principle, utilize conductive fluid in magnetic field cutting magnetic line to produce electric energy, with the coil generator of routine unlike, MHD generator is the coil winding of conductive fluid cutting magnetic line instead of solid.
Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator mainly contains two kinds of forms, high temperature plasma gas Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator and liquid-metal MHD generator (LiquidmetalMHD is called for short LMMHD), the former is for thermal source with oil, coal, rock gas etc., with the gaseous conductor of thermal ionization for working medium generates electricity, because its heat source temperature is usually at about 3000K, it can reach 50% ~ 60% with the generating efficiency of Steam Combined Cycle.
Liquid metal compares high-temperature gas, there is specific conductance high, specific heat is large, the advantages such as heat source temperature is less demanding, be that the magnetohydrodynamic electricity generation system of flow working medium has following advantage with liquid metal: (1), owing to still can be heated by liquid metal during gas expansion, is similar to isothermal expansion, adds the direct contact heat transfer of gas and liquid metal, under same heat source temperature, its efficiency is quite high; (2) mechanical part that do not move of magnetohydrodynamic generator passage, this can make design more simple, and reduces the cost of system, increases stability; (3) selectable thermal source scope is very large, both can be common coal, oil, rock gas, also can be nuclear energy, and can also utilize the thermal source that acting ability is poor, such as solar energy, industrial waste heat; (4) can, as the one-level in combined cycle, both can be top, and also can be rudimentary, add the scope of application, combined cycle can improve the efficiency of system simultaneously.
The delivery temperature of current marine main engine flue gas after exhaust heat boiler reclaims still can reach 200 DEG C, on ship, generating diesel engine heat extraction can reach about 400 DEG C, if this part energy can be made full use of to generate electricity, the dependence to diesel generating set on ship can be reduced on the one hand, avoid from main exhaust heat-obtaining and affect main engine power; On the other hand because metal magnetic fluid generating device can make full use of inferior heat energy, decrease the waste of the energy.
Summary of the invention:
The invention provides a kind of Ship Waste Heat electricity generating device based on liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation and method of work thereof, Ship Waste Heat can be converted into mechanical energy by this device, be converted into high-grade electric energy again, waste heat is mainly from the heat extraction of generating diesel engine in the heat extraction of Marine Waste Heat Boiler and ship; This device can reduce the dependence to diesel generating set, avoids the impact on main engine power caused from main frame heat extraction heat-obtaining.Can desalinate seawater while utilizing cogeneration.Present invention achieves the cogeneration of compact structure, good economy performance, system stability, be conducive to energy-saving and emission-reduction, low-carbon environment-friendly.
The present invention adopts following technological scheme: a kind of Ship Waste Heat electricity generating device based on liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation, is made up of thermal source, liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation system and seawater desalination system;
Described thermal source is made up of generating diesel engine firing chamber, exhaust heat boiler, hot fresh water/steam tube, fresh water pipe, secondary flue gas output tube, the heat extraction outlet of described generating diesel engine gas fume of combustion chamber outlet and exhaust heat boiler is connected with the entrance of secondary flue gas output tube, described fresh water pipe outlet is connected with exhaust heat boiler fresh water entrance, and exhaust heat boiler water outlet is connected with hot fresh water/steam tube;
Described liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation system is by waste heat recovering device, heater, MHD pump, mixing chamber, MHD power channel, jet pipe, separator, condenser, pump forms, described heater is installed in waste heat recovering device, described waste heat recovering device external application is in order to reduce the thermal insulation layer of heat loss, described heater liquid metal outlet is connected with MHD pump liquid metal entrance, MHD pump liquid metal outlet is connected with mixing chamber liquid metal entrance, the outlet of mixing chamber fluid-mixing is connected with MHD power channel fluid input, MHD power channel fluid output is connected with jet pipe fluid input, jet pipe fluid output is connected with separator fluid input, separator liquid metal outlet is connected with heater magnetic fluid entrance, the outlet of separator low boiling working fluid is connected with condenser vapor entrance, the outlet of condenser low boiling working fluid is connected with pump intake, pump discharge is connected with mixing chamber low boiling working fluid entrance,
Described seawater desalination system is by sea water conveying pipelines, condenser, reheater, sea water desalinating unit, fresh water pipe, three flue gas exit pipe, smoke-ejecting pipe forms, described sea water conveying pipelines is connected with condenser seawater inlet end, condenser seawer outlet is connected with reheater seawater inlet, reheater seawer outlet is connected with sea water desalinating unit seawater inlet, sea water desalinating unit water outlet is connected with fresh water pipe entrance, three times flue gas exit pipe smoke outlet is connected with reheater smoke inlet, reheater smoke outlet is connected with smoke-ejecting pipe, the flue gas inlet of described waste heat recovering device is connected with the outlet of secondary flue gas output tube, the smoke outlet of waste heat recovering device is connected with three flue gas exit pipe entrances.
The present invention also adopts following technological scheme: a kind of method of work of the Ship Waste Heat electricity generating device based on liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation, and step is as follows:
Step one: in thermal source, the heat extraction of generating diesel engine firing chamber and exhaust heat boiler is delivered in waste heat recovering device through secondary flue gas output tube simultaneously, the fresh water after desalination flows out for water ship from hot fresh water/steam tube entered exhaust heat boiler heating by fresh water pipe after;
Step 2: be built in the high temperature fluent metal after the heater heating in waste heat recovering device and enter mixing chamber and low boiling working fluid mixing through MHD pump, due to direct contact, low boiling working fluid is vaporized very soon, after entering MHD power channel, fluid is two-phase mixture, electric current in passage produces resistance under magnetic fields, hydrodynamic pressure is declined along passage, gas expands under differential pressure, promote the generating of liquid metal flows cutting magnetic induction line, a jet pipe is also set after power channel, gas is fully expanded, then enter separator and carry out two-phase laminated flow, the liquid metal separated enters heater through separator liquid metal outlet and is again heated, the low boiling working fluid steam separated enters condenser condenses through the outlet of separator low boiling working fluid and becomes liquid, then mixing chamber is entered by pump pressurization from mixing chamber low boiling working fluid entrance,
Step 3: seawater enters condenser and low boiling working fluid steam heat-exchanging from sea water conveying pipelines, then enter reheater again to be heated by three flue gases sent here from three flue gas exit pipe, flue gas after heat exchange is discharged from smoke-ejecting pipe, entered sea water desalinating unit by the seawater again heated to desalinate, produce fresh water.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) utilize the heat extraction of exhaust heat boiler as thermal source, avoid and traditional to be discharged fume direct heat-obtaining and cause the problem that main frame useful horsepower declines by main frame;
(2) effectively make use of the waste heat of boats and ships, achieve by the electric energy conversion of inferior heat energy to high-quality, the dependence to diesel generating set on ship can be reduced, reduce diesel engine and pollute;
(3) by associated heat exchanger and flow setting, the energy consumption of desalination of sea water can be reduced to a certain extent;
(4) mechanical part that do not move of this electricity generating device, can make design more simple, and reduce system cost, increase stability;
(5) by relevant heat exchanger and flow setting, the energy consumption of desalination of sea water can be reduced to a certain extent;
(6) present invention achieves the cogeneration of compact structure, good economy performance, system stability, be conducive to energy-saving and emission-reduction, low-carbon environment-friendly.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the Ship Waste Heat electricity generating device that the present invention is based on liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation.
Wherein:
1-generating diesel engine firing chamber; Hot fresh water/the steam tube of 2-; 3-jet pipe; 4-MHD power channel; 5-mixing chamber; 6-pump; 7-fresh water pipe; 8-smoke-ejecting pipe; 9-sea water conveying pipelines; 10-condenser; 11-reheater; 12-separator; 13-tri-flue gas exit pipe; 14-sea water desalinating unit; 15-waste heat recovering device; 16-heater; 17-secondary flue gas output tube; 18-MHD pump; 19-exhaust heat boiler; A-mixing chamber liquid metal entrance; B-mixing chamber low boiling working fluid entrance; C-separator liquid metal outlet; D-separator low boiling working fluid exports; E-condenser seawer outlet; F-reheater seawer outlet.
Embodiment:
Please refer to shown in Fig. 1, the present invention is based on the Ship Waste Heat electricity generating device of liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation by thermal source, liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation system, seawater desalination system forms.
Above-mentioned thermal source is made up of generating diesel engine firing chamber 1, exhaust heat boiler 19, hot fresh water/steam tube 2, fresh water pipe 7, secondary flue gas output tube 17, the heat extraction outlet of wherein said generating diesel engine firing chamber 1 smoke outlet and exhaust heat boiler 19 is connected with the entrance of secondary flue gas output tube 17, described fresh water pipe 7 outlet is connected with exhaust heat boiler 19 fresh water entrance, and exhaust heat boiler 19 water outlet is connected with hot fresh water/steam tube 2.
Above-mentioned liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation system is by waste heat recovering device 15, heater 16, MHD pump 18, mixing chamber 5, MHD power channel 4, jet pipe 3, separator 12, condenser 10, pump 6 forms, described heater 16 is installed in waste heat recovering device 15, the external application of described waste heat recovering device 15 is in order to reduce the thermal insulation layer of heat loss, described heater 16 liquid metal outlet is connected with MHD pump 18 liquid metal entrance, MHD pump 18 liquid metal outlet is connected with mixing chamber liquid metal entrance, the outlet of mixing chamber 5 fluid-mixing is connected with MHD power channel 4 fluid input, MHD power channel 4 fluid output is connected with jet pipe 3 fluid input, jet pipe 3 fluid output is connected with separator 12 fluid input, separator liquid metal outlet is connected with heater 16 magnetic fluid entrance, the outlet of separator low boiling working fluid is connected with condenser 10 vapour inlet, the outlet of condenser 10 low boiling working fluid is connected with pump 6 entrance, pump 6 outlet is connected with mixing chamber low boiling working fluid entrance.
Described seawater desalination system is by sea water conveying pipelines 9, condenser 10, reheater 11, sea water desalinating unit 14, fresh water pipe 7, three flue gas exit pipe 13, smoke-ejecting pipe 8 forms, described sea water conveying pipelines 9 is connected with condenser 10 seawater inlet end, condenser seawer outlet is connected with reheater 11 seawater inlet, reheater seawer outlet is connected with sea water desalinating unit 14 seawater inlet, sea water desalinating unit 14 water outlet is connected with fresh water pipe 7 entrance, three times flue gas exit pipe 13 smoke outlet is connected with reheater 11 smoke inlet, reheater 11 smoke outlet is connected with smoke-ejecting pipe 8, the flue gas inlet of described waste heat recovering device 15 is connected with the outlet of secondary flue gas output tube 17, the smoke outlet of waste heat recovering device 15 is connected with three flue gas exit pipe 13 entrances.
Please refer to shown in Fig. 1, the method for work that the present invention is based on the Ship Waste Heat electricity generating device of liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation comprises following process:
Step one: in thermal source, the heat extraction of generating diesel engine firing chamber 1 and exhaust heat boiler 19 is delivered in waste heat recovering device 15 through secondary flue gas output tube 17 simultaneously, the fresh water after desalination is entered after exhaust heat boiler 19 heats by fresh water pipe 7 and flows out for water ship from hot fresh water/steam tube 2;
Step 2: the high temperature fluent metal after the heater 16 be built in waste heat recovering device 15 heats enters mixing chamber 5 and low boiling working fluid mixing through MHD pump 18, due to direct contact, low boiling working fluid is vaporized very soon, after entering MHD power channel 4, fluid is two-phase mixture, electric current in passage produces resistance under magnetic fields, hydrodynamic pressure is declined along passage, gas expands under differential pressure, promote the generating of liquid metal flows cutting magnetic induction line, a jet pipe 3 is also set after power channel, gas is fully expanded, then enter separator 12 and carry out two-phase laminated flow, the liquid metal separated enters heater 16 through separator liquid metal outlet and is again heated, and the low boiling working fluid steam separated enters condenser 10 be condensed into liquid through the outlet of separator low boiling working fluid, then pressurizeed from mixing chamber low boiling working fluid entrance by pump 6 and enter mixing chamber,
Step 3: seawater enters condenser 10 and low boiling working fluid steam heat-exchanging from sea water conveying pipelines 9, then enter reheater 11 again to be heated by three flue gases sent here from three flue gas exit pipe 13, flue gas after heat exchange is discharged from smoke-ejecting pipe 8, and entered sea water desalinating unit 14 by the seawater again heated and desalinate, produce fresh water.
Send from fresh water pipe 7 fresh water come in aforementioned operation method to heat exhaust heat boiler 19, the fresh water after heating exports, for water on ship through hot fresh water/steam tube 2.
The secondary flue gas that exhaust heat boiler 19 and generating diesel engine firing chamber 1 export delivers to waste heat recovering device 15 through secondary flue gas output tube 17, waste heat recovering device 15 external application thermal insulation layer is to reduce heat loss, heat smoke in waste heat recovering device 15 provides thermal source for heater 16, heater 16 heating liquid metal, the liquid metal of high temperature and low boiling working fluid mix at mixing chamber 5, low boiling working fluid is vaporized, in MHD power channel 4, fluid is two-phase mixture, in passage, the liquid metal of flowing produces resistance under magnetic fields, hydrodynamic pressure is declined along passage, gas expands under differential pressure, further promotion liquid metal flows cutting magnetic induction line generating.
The low boiling working fluid steam heat exchange that in seawater desalination system, seawater enters condenser 10 through sea water conveying pipelines 9 and separates from separator 12, then enter reheater 11 and again heat up from three flue gas exit pipe 13, three flue gas heat exchanges out, entering sea water desalinating unit 14 subsequently and complete desalination of sea water.
The present invention is based on the principle of the Ship Waste Heat electricity generating device of liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation: the delivery temperature Ren Keda 200 DEG C of marine main engine flue gas after exhaust heat boiler reclaims at present, on ship, generating diesel engine heat extraction can reach about 400 DEG C.Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator mainly contains two kinds of forms, high temperature plasma gas Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator and liquid-metal MHD generator.To said temperature scope (200 DEG C-400 DEG C), be applicable to adopting liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation mode.The thermal source of waste heat recovering device as metal magnetic fluid generating device is entered from the secondary flue gas of exhaust heat boiler and the heat extraction of generating diesel engine, for the heater being placed in waste heat recovering device provides heat, heater heating liquid metal, high temperature fluent metal after heating and low boiling working fluid mixing, low boiling working fluid gasifies, after entering MHD passage, fluid is two-phase mixture, in passage, the liquid metal of flowing produces resistance under magnetic fields, hydrodynamic pressure is declined along passage, gas expands under differential pressure, promotes the generating of liquid metal flows cutting magnetic induction line.In addition, the seawater flowing through condenser is entered heat that reheater continues to absorb from three smoke evacuations of waste heat recovering device after being heated and continues to heat up, and enters sea water desalinating unit subsequently, can reduce the energy consumption of sea water desalinating unit to a certain extent.Fresh water is heated to form hot fresh water/hot steam, on ship through exhaust heat boiler.
The Ship Waste Heat electricity generating device that the present invention is based on liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation not only effectively make use of the waste heat of boats and ships, improves the utilization ratio of the energy; And the mechanical part that this device does not move, design can be made more simple, and reduce system cost, increase stability.The Ship Waste Heat electricity generating device that simultaneously the present invention is based on liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation achieves the cogeneration of compact structure, good economy performance, system stability, is conducive to energy-saving and emission-reduction, low-carbon environment-friendly.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, can also make some improvement under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, and these improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. based on a Ship Waste Heat electricity generating device for liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation, it is characterized in that: be made up of thermal source, liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation system and seawater desalination system;
Described thermal source is made up of generating diesel engine firing chamber (1), exhaust heat boiler (19), hot fresh water/steam tube (2), fresh water pipe (7), secondary flue gas output tube (17), the heat extraction outlet of described generating diesel engine firing chamber (1) smoke outlet and exhaust heat boiler (19) is connected with the entrance of secondary flue gas output tube (17), described fresh water pipe (7) outlet is connected with exhaust heat boiler (19) fresh water entrance, and exhaust heat boiler (19) water outlet is connected with hot fresh water/steam tube (2);
Described liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation system is by waste heat recovering device (15), heater (16), MHD pump (18), mixing chamber (5), MHD power channel (4), jet pipe (3), separator (12), condenser (10), pump (6) forms, described heater (16) is installed in waste heat recovering device (15), described waste heat recovering device (15) external application is in order to reduce the thermal insulation layer of heat loss, described heater (16) liquid metal outlet is connected with MHD pump (18) liquid metal entrance, MHD pump (18) liquid metal outlet is connected with mixing chamber liquid metal entrance, the outlet of mixing chamber (5) fluid-mixing is connected with MHD power channel (4) fluid input, MHD power channel (4) fluid output is connected with jet pipe (3) fluid input, jet pipe (3) fluid output is connected with separator (12) fluid input, separator liquid metal outlet is connected with heater (16) magnetic fluid entrance, the outlet of separator low boiling working fluid is connected with condenser (10) vapour inlet, the outlet of condenser (10) low boiling working fluid is connected with pump (6) entrance, pump (6) outlet is connected with mixing chamber low boiling working fluid entrance,
Described seawater desalination system is by sea water conveying pipelines (9), condenser (10), reheater (11), sea water desalinating unit (14), fresh water pipe (7), three flue gas exit pipe (13), smoke-ejecting pipe (8) forms, described sea water conveying pipelines (9) is connected with condenser (10) seawater inlet end, condenser seawer outlet is connected with reheater (11) seawater inlet, reheater seawer outlet is connected with sea water desalinating unit (14) seawater inlet, sea water desalinating unit (14) water outlet is connected with fresh water pipe (7) entrance, three times flue gas exit pipe (13) smoke outlet is connected with reheater (11) smoke inlet, reheater (11) smoke outlet is connected with smoke-ejecting pipe (8), the flue gas inlet of described waste heat recovering device (15) is connected with the outlet of secondary flue gas output tube (17), the smoke outlet of waste heat recovering device (15) is connected with three flue gas exit pipe (13) entrances.
2., based on a method of work for the Ship Waste Heat electricity generating device of liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generation, it is characterized in that: step is as follows
Step one: in thermal source, the heat extraction of generating diesel engine firing chamber (1) and exhaust heat boiler (19) is delivered in waste heat recovering device (15) through secondary flue gas output tube (17) simultaneously, the fresh water after desalination flows out for water ship from hot fresh water/steam tube (2) entered exhaust heat boiler (19) heating by fresh water pipe (7) after;
Step 2: be built in the high temperature fluent metal after heater (16) heating in waste heat recovering device (15) and enter mixing chamber (5) and low boiling working fluid mixing through MHD pump (18), due to direct contact, low boiling working fluid is vaporized very soon, after entering MHD power channel (4), fluid is two-phase mixture, electric current in passage produces resistance under magnetic fields, hydrodynamic pressure is declined along passage, gas expands under differential pressure, promote the generating of liquid metal flows cutting magnetic induction line, a jet pipe (3) is also set after power channel, gas is fully expanded, then enter separator (12) and carry out two-phase laminated flow, the liquid metal separated enters heater (16) through separator liquid metal outlet and is again heated, the low boiling working fluid steam separated enters condenser (10) through the outlet of separator low boiling working fluid and is condensed into liquid, then mixing chamber is entered by pump (6) pressurization from mixing chamber low boiling working fluid entrance,
Step 3: seawater enters condenser (10) and low boiling working fluid steam heat-exchanging from sea water conveying pipelines (9), then enter reheater (11) again to be heated by three flue gases sent here from three flue gas exit pipe (13), flue gas after heat exchange is discharged from smoke-ejecting pipe (8), entered sea water desalinating unit (14) by the seawater again heated to desalinate, produce fresh water.
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| CN201510954376.0A CN105443178A (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2015-12-18 | Ship waste heat power generation device based on liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation and working method of ship waste heat power generation device |
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| CN114567143A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-05-31 | 南京航空航天大学 | Gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid metal two-phase magnetohydrodynamic power generation system and working method thereof |
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| CN114567143A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-05-31 | 南京航空航天大学 | Gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid metal two-phase magnetohydrodynamic power generation system and working method thereof |
| CN114567143B (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2023-10-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Gas-liquid separator of gas-liquid metal two-phase magnetohydrodynamic power generation system and working method |
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Application publication date: 20160330 |