CN1054430C - Heat exchanger - Google Patents
Heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1054430C CN1054430C CN 92104898 CN92104898A CN1054430C CN 1054430 C CN1054430 C CN 1054430C CN 92104898 CN92104898 CN 92104898 CN 92104898 A CN92104898 A CN 92104898A CN 1054430 C CN1054430 C CN 1054430C
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- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- shell
- plate
- tube
- space
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- Expired - Fee Related
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- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
To facilitate the packing of catalyst and make possible the inspection and maintenance of the weld part of a tube in a catalyst packed state by a method wherein, when an inner pipe is disconnected from a secondary pipe plate, the inner pipe can be secured to a primary pipe plate by forcing into an outer pipe by the length equivalent to the length of the inner pipe projected into an intermediate inner space and a major part of the intermediate inner space of the inner pipe can be removed from the inner pipe without pulling the inner pipe all the way out. In a heat exchanger for conducting an indirect heat exchange through an outer pipe (c) of a first fluid running from an inlet (h) through a first shell (a) to an outlet (i) with a second fluid running between a first opening (j) and a second opening (k), a major part of the intermediate inner space (x) of an inner pipe (f) is made detachable from the inner pipe or a secondary pipe plate (d) of the inner pipe (f) is made detachable therefrom. When the inner pipe (f) is disconnected from the secondary pipe plate (d), the inner pipe (f) can be secured to a primary pipe plate (b) or the outer pipe (c) by forcing into the outer pipe (c) by the length equivalent to the length of the inner pipe (f) projected into the intermediate inner space (x) and the major part the intermediate inner space (x) can be removed from the inner pipe (f) without requiring the inner pipe (f) to be pulled all the way out of the outer pipe (c).
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of heat exchanger, relate in particular to a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger that uses so-called intubate.
A kind of shell-and-tube exchanger that adopts intubate shown in Figure 6, the excellent shell-and-tube exchanger that is connected with tube sheet in its heat-exchange tube two ends is not because of each Guan Youyi end is fixed with any parts, so few thermal stress that produces.But changing in the interchanger in the past surrounded the person in charge's plate on first shell, one end of a principal space of carrying out heat exchange and the interconnected position of each opening end of outer tube, because the influence of heat and pressure etc. is arranged, so very easily break down.For these positions being checked or being repaired, pipe in must from an intermediate space, taking out.In the conventional heat exchanger of this type, carry out the inspection at this position and when repairing, need whole length of interior pipe are taken out from middle space.So just, need a space that can hold whole length of interior pipe, interior pipe is fixing in second shell, can not ignore here interior pipe is taken out and re-mount needed time and manpower.
In many cases, also available such heat exchanger is as so-called reactor, and the anti-catalyst for application by filling in its shell is made reaction raw materials to form catalyst layer with first fluid, and second fluid is done the heat radiation of heat medium.
Common reactor generally comprises a kind of axial-flow reactor, and the reaction mass in the base is parallel to its axis and flows; Or catalyst bed of formation in the space between inner and outer pipes.But in this axial-flow reactor, flow, have the problem of a high pressure loss because reaction mass is parallel to its axis direction.
For solving this class problem, the inventor proposes a kind of reactor in No. the 149640/1980th, the open communique of Japan Patent, it in the footpath vertical with reactor axis upwards flows to heat the reaction mass of its peripheral part from its axis portion, by with the cooling tube heat radiation of reactor axis extends parallel.Because as unavoidable its thermal expansion of the straight tube of this type of reactor cooling tube, the inventor etc. propose a kind of reactor again, use the cannula type cooling tube of the downward stretching, extension in No. the 162942/1974th, the open communique of Japan Patent, the reaction mass that radially flows is cooled off.This reactor has good performance.But according to inventor's etc. the further discussion for same reactor, conclusion is the tube plate thickness of such large scale reactor must to be increased.And in the large tubular reactor, from its central part, extract out catalyst very difficult.So the reactor that need improve this type is in these areas arranged.
Creation of the present invention is in order to adapt to above-mentioned requirement.The invention provides the reactor that a kind of exothermic reaction is used, when with the present invention when the heat exchanger of intubate is arranged, can intermediate space is simply and reliably open, simultaneously when the present invention is used as reactor, the pattern that intubate is fixed from the upper end can be converted to the fixing pattern in lower end, can establish the catalyst pump orifice on the tube sheet central part, above-mentioned pump orifice is also as the tube sheet reinforcement, and is easy to the part of extending in the middle drum barrel of the interior pipe of intubate is taken out or installed.
According to the present invention, a kind of heat exchanger, has columnar first shell, the one end is provided with person in charge's plate, described person in charge's plate is provided with a plurality of pipes, the i.e. outer tube that in described shell, stretches to the described shell other end, its free end sealing, has a looped pipeline plate, be located at the outside of described person in charge's plate, a shell section that between described two tube sheets, surrounds intermediate space, described looped pipeline plate is provided with a plurality of pipes, promptly stretch into described corresponding outer tube and near the interior pipe of opening described outer tube free end from the looped pipeline plate, this outer tube is coaxial basically with interior pipe under normal conditions, described tube sheet also is provided with second shell, surround a space that is in this intermediate space opposite side with described looped pipeline plate, tube space promptly, inlet and outlet with the first fluid on described first shell, be communicated with described intermediate space so that first opening that second fluid passes through and with described in tube space be communicated with so that second opening that second fluid passes through, thereby described first opening, described intermediate space, annular space between the described inner and outer pipes, pipe is inner in described, tube space and described two openings interconnect by said sequence in described, the first fluid that flows in described first shell between described inlet and described outlet, and described second fluid that flows between described first and second opening, carry out indirect heat exchange by described outer tube, it is demountable it is characterized in that the major part of the part in described intermediate space of pipe in each is made; Or pipe in described made and can dismantle with respect to described looped pipeline plate, thereby when with pipe in described when described looped pipeline plate is removed, pipe in described can be pressed in the corresponding outer tube, the length that stretches into is substantially equal to the length that described interior pipe stretches into the part of described intermediate space, described interior pipe is fixed on described person in charge's plate or the described outer tube, thereby the major part of the part that stretches into described intermediate space of described interior pipe can be removed, and whole length of pipe in described need not taken out from described outer tube.
Above-mentioned heat exchanger, the catalyst that the filling exothermic reaction is used in wherein said first shell, described first fluid as described reaction raw materials, the catalyst layer that forms by the catalyst by described filling from described inlet flows to described outlet, carry out described exothermic reaction, described second fluid as cooling medium passes through between described first and second openings, and the heat that described reaction produces is removed.
Above-mentioned heat exchanger wherein also has the device that described first fluid is crossed by the radial flow of the axis normal of basic and shell in described first shell.
Above-mentioned heat exchanger, wherein said first shell are erect and are placed.
Above-mentioned heat exchanger, wherein said first shell is provided with as the top with its other end, the middle part of described person in charge's plate is provided with the catalyst pump orifice, this pump orifice is connected by the pump orifice of suction tube with second shell middle part, described first shell also is provided with the catalyst guiding floor piece of downward convergence, support the lower surface of described catalyst layer, the height of described lower surface is increased towards its periphery, the lowest part of guiding floor piece is formed in the described extraction aperture on described person in charge's plate, and described floor piece is passed in the bottom of described outer tube.
Referring now to accompanying drawing heat exchanger of the present invention being described, mainly is to the occasion of heat exchanger of the present invention as the exothermic reaction reactor described.
Fig. 1 is the vertical cross-sectional schematic of the present invention with the heat exchanger of exothermic reaction reactor;
Fig. 2 shows a kind of embodiment of cannula type pipe structure for cooling, this structure can with an interior pipe from interior pipe tube sheet, be to take out the space between looped pipeline plate and the outer tube tube sheet, and do not need interior pipe is extracted out from corresponding outer tube;
Fig. 3 shows the another kind of embodiment of cannula type pipe structure for cooling, this structure can with an interior pipe from interior pipe tube sheet, be to take out the space between looped pipeline plate and the outer tube tube sheet, and do not need interior pipe is extracted out from corresponding outer tube;
Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of cannula type pipe structure for cooling, this structure can with an interior pipe from interior pipe tube sheet, be to take out the space between looped pipeline plate and the outer tube tube sheet, and do not need interior pipe is extracted out from corresponding outer tube;
Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of cannula type pipe structure for cooling, this structure can with an interior pipe from interior pipe tube sheet, be to take out the space between looped pipeline plate and the outer tube tube sheet, and do not need interior pipe is extracted out from corresponding outer tube;
Fig. 6 is for showing vertical cross-sectional schematic of the shell-and-tube exchanger design of adopting intubate.
Under the label declaration:
A. the first shell b. is responsible for plate
C. outer tube d. looped pipeline plate
E. manage in the shell section f.
G. the second shell h. first fluid enters the mouth
I. first fluid exports j. second fluid first opening
K. second fluid, the second opening x. intermediate space
Y. the interior tube space z. first shell inside
Fig. 1 is the vertical cross-sectional schematic as the heat exchanger of the present invention of exothermic reaction reactor.
In the example of Fig. 1, constitute the upper and lower side sealing of the heat exchanger of reactor, catalyst 12 forms upright long annulate lamella in circular cylindrical shell 10, constitute the major part of reactor, and this can be from hereinafter understanding.
To send into the reaction gas of the peripheral space in deflection cone 30 outsides the headroom 15 from air inlet 14, introduce the guide space 17 of periphery from the inlet tube 16 of loop configurations.Then reaction gas is passed a cylinder that constitutes the inwall of guide space 17, but this cylinder constitute by the catalyst periphery support mesh 18 of permeation, with reaction gas entad by catalyst layer 12.Reaction gas produces exothermic reaction in the meantime, and the central pipe network 22 that by a ventilation unit, promptly constitutes the mesotube 20 of inner catalyst supporting member enters the space 24 of mesotube inboard then, then rises and is recovered reclaiming in mouthfuls 26.The flow direction of gas can be with above-mentioned opposite.
Intubate 32 mainly is made of the upper end closed of outer tube member 34, the upper end open of interior pipe fitting 36 wherein an outer tube member 34 and an interior pipe fitting 36 that is located at one heart wherein.
The lower end of outer tube member 34 is connected with person in charge's plate (outer tube member tube sheet) 38.Person in charge's plate 38 portion in the central has a catalyst pump orifice 39.The lower end of this mouthful 39 and periphery net 18 is taken out by catalyst and is drawn floor piece 40 and link together, and this floor piece has the last circumferential surface of being inverted the frustum section.The end portion of the periphery guide space 17 between the appropriate section of the inner surface 9 of periphery net 18 lower surfaces and shell is closed by annular bottom plate spare 42.
Guiding floor piece 40 is passed in the bottom of intubate 32.The keeper (guide) of representing these pipes with label 44.Support the element 46 of central tube lower end also to be connected with guiding floor piece 40.The bottom of element 46 is made of some supporting legs of arranging on a circle.Therefore, when catalyst when hereinafter described fraction is sucked, catalyst granules since the gravity effect enter moving of pump orifice 39 along 40 set of guiding floor piece and can not hindered.
As the heat exchanger of reactor, suppose to be used for synthesizing methanol in this example.By the inlet 54 boiler cooling waters (BFW) that enter to rising, by the inlet afflux space 56 between bottom 50 and the looped pipeline plate 58, conduit (interior pipe extension device) 60, the suggestion jockey 62 and the interior pipe 36 of use in the present invention.Cooling water is held on inner pipe and is entered outer tube then, therein to dirty, reaction heat in the absorbing catalyst layer 12, and become and be collected in outlet afflux space, promptly annotate the steam and the mixture or the steam of water in the intermediate space 66 between tube sheet 38 and the looped pipeline plate 58, steam passes through steam (vapor) outlet 68 discharges.
Upper perforated plate can bear reaction pressure, and according to the present invention, this reaction pressure also is distributed on the shell bottom 50 by suction tube 48.Now discuss need not this structure an example, in this reactor, be G when reaction pressure is 90.0 kilograms/li, temperature is 330 ℃, when methanol output is 2500 tons/every day, requires tube sheet to make with expensive material, and diameter is 3650 millimeters, and thickness is about 560 millimeters.And according to the present invention, variable thickness is about 300 millimeters when diameter is identical.This about 260 millimeters tube plate thickness difference is equivalent to about 21.0 tons of weight.
In the present invention, the operator can enter outlet afflux space 66 by manhole 70, the connector portions that the most easily breaks down between inspection or repairing outer tube 34 and the tube sheet 38 does not need whole length of interior pipe 36 are extracted out, does not need to remove shell bottom 50 and looped pipeline plate 58 yet.And traditional such reactor must need a large amount of manpowers of cost with whole length of interior pipe, together with extracting out in shell bottom 50 and tube sheet 58, and needs to prepare the space to place the parts of extracting out in the bottom of reactor.Therefore, the present invention has eliminated the disadvantage that traditional reactor exists in practicality.
Fig. 2-5 illustrates the example that forms the cannula type pipe structure for cooling, and the structure of these cooling tubes can not need interior pipe is extracted out from corresponding outer tube, just can with interior pipe from interior pipe tube sheet, be to remove between looped pipeline plate and the outer tube tube sheet.
Referring to Fig. 2, outer tube 34 and the built-up welding portion 381 that is responsible for plate 38 connecting places are the places of the most easily breaking down.Outer tube part is connected at the upside of built-up welding portion with person in charge's plate portion, realizes with general expand tube method.
Utilize welding etc. and outer tube to fix by supporting 361 interior pipe 36.The upper end that the conduit 60 of guide sleeve 601 is arranged on the upper end is pressed in slightly by grommet 603 on the lower end of the interior pipe 36 that stretches out from the lower end of outer tube, with this two seal of tube.
The production method of screw thread is: when with sleeve 609 rotations, tube sheet 58 conductive pipe move, and just interior pipe 36 is upwards pushed away when two pipes are in connection status, and when the sleeve revert all was rotated, conduit 60 descend.Conduit 60 can not drop to tube sheet 58 below, but its major part can reach below the tube sheet, and operation can be carried out in space 66.
In example shown in Figure 3, do not use conduit.During reactor operation, the screw element 605 on the interior pipe bottom is screwed on the internal thread on the looped pipeline plate 58, and is fastening to guarantee sealing by locking nut 613 again.For checking and repair work, locking nut is unscrewed, interior pipe 36 related screw elements 605 are taken apart and upwards mentioned from looped pipeline plate 58.So the top of screw element 605 and part 365 engagements that can be engaged with and form internal thread on the outer tube bottom are open with space 66.
In the example of Fig. 4, an interior pipe is fixed by the mode identical with Fig. 2 example and an outer tube, and conduit 60 is tightly connected with interior pipe bottom, is also undertaken by the mode identical with above-mentioned example.Conduit is connected with looped pipeline plate 58, only realizes by being meshing with each other of internal thread on external screw thread on the conduit bottom 605 and tube sheet 58, need not use locking nut.
In the example of Fig. 5, the locking nut 582 with screw thread 605 engagement upwards pushes away conduit 60, by the mode identical with example among Fig. 2 realize with the sealing of interior pipe (not shown) be connected, conduit 60 is undertaken by band shape pad 581 with the sealing of looped pipeline plate 58.
Can understand from above-mentioned record, the present invention can be used as following remarkable result on the heat exchanger of exothermic reactor:
(1) owing to adopting intubate, so needn't take the measure of anti-pipe thermal expansion. Using heat exchange Device is made the occasion of reactor, if intubate is fixed on the shell bottom, produces in the top of reactor Give birth to a free space, thereby be easy to carry out catalyst filling operation.
(2) because be located at passage, be that interior tube portion in the intermediate space is detachable, so can be in filling Under the state of catalytic portions the welding portion of pipe is checked or repair.
(3) because be located at passage, be that interior tube portion in the intermediate space is detachable, so needn't seek This space then must be considered in a space in this traditional class heat exchanger, in order to take out Whole interior tube bank. Especially common in being used as this conventional heat exchanger of axial-flow reactor The occasion of the cannula structures that makes progress of vertical drainage because for obtaining to extract the needed sky of inner tube Between, the height of necessary increasing device installation site, and the manufacturing cost of equipment supporting member reaches very High. This problem can not take place in heat exchanger of the present invention.
(4) in being used as the desirable embodiment of reactor, catalyst pump orifice element also can be used as The tube sheet reinforcement, thus the thickness of tube sheet can significantly be reduced.
Claims (5)
1. heat exchanger, has columnar first shell, the one end is provided with person in charge's plate, described person in charge's plate is provided with a plurality of pipes, the i.e. outer tube that in described shell, stretches to the described shell other end, its free end sealing, has a looped pipeline plate, be located at the outside of described person in charge's plate, a shell section that between described two tube sheets, surrounds intermediate space, described looped pipeline plate is provided with a plurality of pipes, promptly stretch into described outer tube and near the interior pipe of opening described outer tube free end from the looped pipeline plate, described tube sheet also is provided with second shell, surround a space that is in this intermediate space opposite side with described looped pipeline plate, tube space promptly, inlet and outlet with the first fluid on described first shell, be communicated with described intermediate space so that first opening that second fluid passes through and with described in tube space be communicated with so that second opening that second fluid passes through, thereby described first opening, described intermediate space, annular space between the described inner and outer pipes, pipe is inner in described, tube space and described two openings interconnect by said sequence in described, the first fluid that flows in described first shell between described inlet and described outlet, and described second fluid that flows between described first and second opening, carry out indirect heat exchange by described outer tube, it is demountable it is characterized in that the major part of the part in described intermediate space of pipe in each is made; Or pipe in described made and can dismantle with respect to described looped pipeline plate, thereby when with pipe in described when described looped pipeline plate is removed, pipe in described can be pressed in the corresponding outer tube, the length that stretches into is substantially equal to the length that described interior pipe stretches into the part of described intermediate space, described interior pipe is fixed on described person in charge's plate or the described outer tube, thereby the major part of the part that stretches into described intermediate space of described interior pipe can be removed, and whole length of pipe in described need not taken out from described outer tube.
2. heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the catalyst that the filling exothermic reaction is used in described first shell, described first fluid as described reaction raw materials, the catalyst layer that forms by the catalyst by described filling from described inlet flows to described outlet, carry out described exothermic reaction, described second fluid as cooling medium passes through between described first and second openings, and the heat that described reaction produces is removed.
3. heat exchanger according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described heat exchanger also has the device that described first fluid is crossed by the radial flow of the axis normal of basic and shell in described first shell.
4. heat exchanger according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described first shell setting placement.
5. heat exchanger according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described first shell is provided with as the top with its other end, the middle part of described person in charge's plate is provided with the catalyst pump orifice, this pump orifice is connected by the pump orifice of suction tube with second shell middle part, described first shell also is provided with the catalyst guiding floor piece of downward convergence, support the lower surface of described catalyst layer, the height of described lower surface is increased towards its periphery, the lowest part of guiding floor piece is formed in the described extraction aperture on described person in charge's plate, and described floor piece is passed in the bottom of described outer tube.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP146099/1991 | 1991-06-18 | ||
| JP3146099A JP2584550B2 (en) | 1991-06-18 | 1991-06-18 | Heat exchanger |
| JP146099/91 | 1991-06-18 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1067733A CN1067733A (en) | 1993-01-06 |
| CN1054430C true CN1054430C (en) | 2000-07-12 |
Family
ID=15400125
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92104898 Expired - Fee Related CN1054430C (en) | 1991-06-18 | 1992-06-17 | Heat exchanger |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2584550B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1054430C (en) |
| DZ (1) | DZ1588A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9202904A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101929546A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2010-12-29 | 博尔西希股份有限公司 | Be included in the heat exchanger that is used to cool off reaction gas of the tubular connection between the cooling tube and uncolled pipe |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4607135B2 (en) * | 2007-02-21 | 2011-01-05 | 株式会社フューチャービジョン | Air supply and exhaust system for substrate firing furnace |
| FR2918904B1 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2011-07-15 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | BANKET TUBE EXCHANGER REACTOR TO OPERATE WITH PRESSURE DIFFERENCES OF 100 BARS BETWEEN THE TUBE COAST AND THE COASTAL COAST. |
| DE102008036955A1 (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2010-02-11 | Borsig Gmbh | Connecting piece between a split tube and a cooling tube and a method for connecting a split tube with a cooling tube |
| WO2010032302A1 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2010-03-25 | 東洋エンジニアリング株式会社 | Manufacturing apparatus of polymer, polymerization container, and manufacturing method |
| CN101839655B (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2013-03-13 | 西安华广电站锅炉有限公司 | High-efficiency module back-stroke displacement heat exchanger |
| CN107677149A (en) * | 2017-10-08 | 2018-02-09 | 季永东 | One kind fluidly connects indirect type heat exchanger |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59162942A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1984-09-13 | Toyo Eng Corp | Reactor |
| JPH0245653Y2 (en) * | 1984-09-28 | 1990-12-03 |
-
1991
- 1991-06-18 JP JP3146099A patent/JP2584550B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-06-16 DZ DZ920068A patent/DZ1588A1/en active
- 1992-06-16 MX MX9202904A patent/MX9202904A/en unknown
- 1992-06-17 CN CN 92104898 patent/CN1054430C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101929546A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2010-12-29 | 博尔西希股份有限公司 | Be included in the heat exchanger that is used to cool off reaction gas of the tubular connection between the cooling tube and uncolled pipe |
| CN101929546B (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2014-07-30 | 博尔西希股份有限公司 | Heat exchanger for cooling reaction gas, including a tubular connection between a cooled tube and an uncooled tube |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2584550B2 (en) | 1997-02-26 |
| CN1067733A (en) | 1993-01-06 |
| DZ1588A1 (en) | 2002-02-17 |
| MX9202904A (en) | 1992-12-01 |
| JPH04369397A (en) | 1992-12-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
| OR01 | Other related matters | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20000712 Termination date: 20110617 |