CN105437702A - 一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料 - Google Patents

一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料 Download PDF

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CN105437702A
CN105437702A CN201511015990.7A CN201511015990A CN105437702A CN 105437702 A CN105437702 A CN 105437702A CN 201511015990 A CN201511015990 A CN 201511015990A CN 105437702 A CN105437702 A CN 105437702A
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sandwich
protective garment
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李小辉
范友红
魏杰峰
曾明
吴佳妮
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Donghua University
National Dong Hwa University
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    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres

Abstract

本发明涉及一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，包括外层、防水透气层、隔热层和舒适层，所述隔热层为具有孔形结构的中空夹芯层。本发明既具有更好的隔热耐高温等防护功能，同时又能更为质轻、透气透湿使人体着装舒适。

Description

一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料
技术领域
本发明属于消防防护设备领域，特别涉及一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料。
背景技术
为了适应复杂、恶劣的火场环境，热防护服装通常要具备特殊的多层结构，由外到内依次为外层、防水透气层、隔热层和舒适层，其中外层为防火层，采用阻燃防火材料；中间层为防水透湿层，防止水分接触皮肤并把人体新陈代谢产生水汽挥发出去；第三层为隔热层，采用导热系数小的材料阻挡外界热量进入人体；第四层为舒适层，使人体穿着舒适。当然，也正是由于这种多层结构，热防护服装普遍存在笨重、闷热等问题，虽然其阻燃隔热等防护功能不断提高，但其人体活动、热湿以及热应激等舒适性仍面临很大挑战，在实际着装过程中，极易导致人体严重生理负荷危及生命健康，从而限制了其在众多领域的应用发展。因此，如何使热防护服装实现质轻、隔热耐高温、透气透湿等性能，是高性能热防护服发展的关键。
然而，当前的多层热防护服装结构是直接将各层组合在一起，若需满足热防护要求则难以做到轻薄舒适；反之，太薄则难以满足热防护性能要求。因此，急待开发一种新的层热防护服装结构。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，该材料既具有更好的隔热耐高温等防护功能，同时又能更为质轻、透气透湿使人体着装舒适。
本发明的一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，包括外层、防水透气层、隔热层和舒适层，所述隔热层为具有孔形结构的中空夹芯层。
所述外层的材料为芳纶、聚苯并咪唑(PBI)、三聚氰胺纤维(Basofil)、芳砜纶、阻燃棉或阻燃混纺材料等防火材料且不限于这些材料。
所述防水透气层由薄膜和基布构成。
所述薄膜为聚四氟乙烯微孔膜(PTFE)或热塑性聚氨酯薄膜(TPU)且不限于这些材料，薄膜粘合在基布上制成防水透气膜布。
所述基布的为芳纶或其他阻燃材料。
所述舒适层的材料为棉布、阻燃棉或阻燃粘胶等材料且不限于这些材料。
所述中空夹芯层为芳纶毡、碳纤维毡或其他阻燃材料针织成型的织物。
所述孔形结构的形状为蜂窝六边形、正方形、圆形或菱形等且不限于这些形状，并不局限孔形尺寸大小，孔形加工可以通过激光切割而成，也可以采用经编或纬编机进行编织而成。
所述外层、防水透气层、隔热层和舒适层之间以耐高温胶粘合或者缝纫线缝合的方式复合。缝合或粘合的各层可以进行部分层复合也可以全部层复合，例如可以将舒适层、隔热层进行复合，也可以将舒适层、隔热层、防水透气层复合。
本发明将多层热防护服装材料改为中空夹芯结构，质轻的中空结构可以使服装更为轻薄，又可以使服装具有更好的透气透湿性能，还可利用夹芯层的空气提高服装隔热耐高温等性能。这种多层中空夹芯结构材料不仅是解决热防护服笨重、闷热问题的当务之急，还具有非常广泛用途和广阔市场前景。
有益效果
(1)本发明具有优良隔热耐高温等热防护性能。夹芯结构中间层主要是由类似蜂窝腔的多个密闭空气单元构成，由于空气导热系数非常低，有利于提升多层热防护服装复合结构材料隔热耐高温性能。
(2)本发明更加轻薄透气穿着舒适。多层热防护服装采用的夹芯中空结构可以大大降低材料重量，使整体服装更加轻量化；不同于水刺隔热毡，夹芯的空隙网状结构可以直接增强其透气透湿性能，很好地改善服装穿着舒适性。
(3)本发明可以降低服装热蓄积导致皮肤烧伤的潜在威胁。在长时间低热流量热暴露过程中热量会蓄积在服装中极易导致潜在的皮肤烧伤，夹芯结构的低密度特性则可以更好地降低热蓄积的产生，从而更有效地降低或避免人体热伤害。
附图说明
图1为本发明夹芯复合结构材料的立体示意图；
图2为本发明夹芯复合结构材料的侧视示意图；
其中，1为外层，2为薄膜，3为基布，4为中空夹芯层，5为孔形结构，6为舒适层，7为缝合线迹。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
如图1所示，本实施例提供了一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，外层、防水透气层、隔热层和舒适层，隔热层为具有孔形结构的中空夹芯层。其中，外层采用芳纶；防水透气层由聚四氟乙烯微孔膜和芳纶基布构成；舒适层采用阻燃粘胶；中空夹芯层采用芳纶毡；孔形结构采用蜂窝六边形，孔形尺寸为0.5cm，加工采用激光切割机进行切割而成。外层、防水透气层、隔热层和舒适层之间以缝纫线缝合的方式复合。该多层复合结构材料的热防护性能试验(ThermalProtectivePerformance)的TPP值大于28.0，满足多层防护服装的热防护性能测评要求。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，外层、防水透气层、隔热层和舒适层，隔热层为具有孔形结构的中空夹芯层。其中，外层采用聚苯并咪唑；防水透气层由热塑性聚氨酯薄膜和芳纶基布构成；舒适层采用阻燃棉；中空夹芯层采用芳纶针织成型的织物；孔形结构采用正方形，孔形尺寸为1cm，加工采用纬编机进行编织而成。外层、防水透气层、隔热层和舒适层之间以耐高温胶粘合的方式复合。该多层复合结构材料的热防护性能试验(ThermalProtectivePerformance)的TPP值大于28.0，满足多层防护服装的热防护性能测评要求。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，外层、防水透气层、隔热层和舒适层，隔热层为具有孔形结构的中空夹芯层。其中，外层采用三聚氰胺纤维；防水透气层由聚四氟乙烯微孔膜和芳纶基布构成；舒适层采用阻燃粘胶；中空夹芯层采用碳纤维毡；孔形结构采用圆形，孔形尺寸为1cm，加工采用激光切割机进行切割而成。外层、防水透气层、隔热层和舒适层之间以缝纫线缝合的方式复合。该多层复合结构材料的热防护性能试验(ThermalProtectivePerformance)的TPP值大于28.0，满足多层防护服装的热防护性能测评要求。

Claims (9)

1.一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，包括外层、防水透气层、隔热层和舒适层，其特征在于：所述隔热层为具有孔形结构的中空夹芯层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，其特征在于：所述外层的材料为芳纶、聚苯并咪唑、三聚氰胺纤维、芳砜纶、阻燃棉或阻燃混纺材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，其特征在于：所述防水透气层由薄膜和基布构成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，其特征在于：所述薄膜为聚四氟乙烯微孔膜或热塑性聚氨酯薄膜。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，其特征在于：所述基布为芳纶或其他阻燃材料。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，其特征在于：所述舒适层的材料为棉布、阻燃棉或阻燃粘胶。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，其特征在于：所述中空夹芯层为芳纶毡、碳纤维毡或其他阻燃材料针织成型的织物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，其特征在于：所述孔形结构的形状为蜂窝六边形、正方形、圆形或菱形。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层热防护服夹芯复合结构材料，其特征在于：所述外层、防水透气层、隔热层和舒适层之间以耐高温胶粘合或者缝纫线缝合的方式复合。
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CN106263125A (zh) * 2016-08-10 2017-01-04 苏州大学 一种具有智能调节结构功能的灭火救援服
CN107734723A (zh) * 2016-08-11 2018-02-23 东莞艾晴海智能服饰有限公司 一种高阻燃发热布及其制造方法
CN109105985A (zh) * 2018-09-23 2019-01-01 南通嘉得利安全用品有限公司 一种隔热手套
CN109177403A (zh) * 2018-08-09 2019-01-11 东华大学 一种热防护服用复合夹芯材料及其制备和应用
CN116423938A (zh) * 2023-04-13 2023-07-14 武汉纺织大学 一种多维复合结构的热防护织物及其制备方法
CN116423938B (zh) * 2023-04-13 2024-05-17 武汉纺织大学 一种多维复合结构的热防护织物及其制备方法

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