CN105436720A - Laser cutting device and laser head thereof - Google Patents
Laser cutting device and laser head thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105436720A CN105436720A CN201510884862.XA CN201510884862A CN105436720A CN 105436720 A CN105436720 A CN 105436720A CN 201510884862 A CN201510884862 A CN 201510884862A CN 105436720 A CN105436720 A CN 105436720A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- air admission
- laser head
- passage
- rectifying tube
- admission hole
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/1435—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor involving specially adapted flow control means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
Abstract
The invention relates to a laser cutting device and a laser head thereof. The laser head comprises an air inlet ring, a first rectifier tube, a second rectifier tube and an air nozzle. An annular groove is formed in the inner side of the air inlet ring, and air inlet holes communicated to the groove are formed in the outer side of the air inlet ring; ventilation holes are formed in the side wall of the first rectifier tube, the first rectifier tube is sleeved with the air inlet ring, and the ventilation holes are communicated with the groove; an air flow passage is formed inside the second rectifier tube, and the second rectifier tube comprises a first end and a second end which are opposite; the second rectifier tube is sleeved with the first rectifier tube, and a rectifying passage is formed between the first rectifier tube and the second rectifier tube; and an air outlet gap is formed between the first rectifier tube and the first end, and the air flow passage and the rectifying passage are communicated through the air outlet gap. Due to two times of rectifying, the airflow distribution evenness of cutting air can be improved, and the intensity of turbulence can be reduced, so that the influence of the pneumatic optical effect on a laser path is reduced, the stability of the quality of laser beams is guaranteed, the roughness of the machined surface is reduced, and the perpendicularity of cut lines is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of Laser Processing, particularly relate to a kind of laser cutting device and laser head thereof.
Background technology
In laser cutting slab technique, weigh surface roughness and perpendicularity that the most important standard of its cut quality is thick plates cutting section.Cutting steam affects one of most important factor of thick plates cutting cross section quality.Wherein cut gas circuit design and will have a strong impact on gas turbulence distribution, optic path and lens protection performance.When laser is propagated in turbulent flow, the fluctuating of the gas refracting index that turbulent flow causes will cause the distortion of laser wave front, destroys the coherence of laser.And the degeneration of laser coherence will seriously undermine the optical quality of laser, cause the redistribution on beam cross section of the random drift of light, laser energy, comprise the phenomenons such as distortion, broadening, fragmentation.And in the processing of laser slab, the crudy of workpiece is seriously subject to the impact of laser beam quality, undesirable beam quality will cause do not cut through, the low or cutting section Quality Down of cutting efficiency etc.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary for the problems referred to above, a kind of laser cutting device and the laser head thereof that can improve cut quality are provided.
A kind of laser head, comprises air inlet ring, the first rectifying tube, the second rectifying tube and valve;
The inner side of described air inlet ring offers the groove of ring-type, and the outside of described air inlet ring offers the air admission hole being communicated to described groove;
The sidewall of described first rectifying tube offers passage, and described air inlet ring set is located on described first rectifying tube, and described passage is communicated with described groove;
The inside of described second rectifying tube forms gas channel, and described second rectifying tube comprises relative first end and the second end; Described first rectifying tube is set on described second rectifying tube, forms rectification passage between described first rectifying tube and described second rectifying tube; Gap of giving vent to anger is formed, gap area of giving vent to anger described in described gas channel and described rectification passage pass through between described first rectifying tube and described first end;
Described valve offers gas outlet, and described valve is connected with described second end, and described gas channel is communicated with described gas outlet.
Wherein in an embodiment, also comprise Lens assembly, described Lens assembly is located at described gas channel and describedly gives vent to anger on gap, described in give vent to anger gap towards described Lens assembly, and described Lens assembly and described giving vent to anger between gap have gap.
Wherein in an embodiment, described valve comprises base portion and mouth, and described base portion is connected with described mouth; Described base portion offers inner chamber, and described inner chamber is communicated with described gas channel; Described gas outlet is positioned at one end away from described base portion of described mouth, described gas outlet and described inner space.
Wherein in an embodiment, described air admission hole and described passage are straight shape hole; The quantity of described air admission hole is n, and n described air admission hole is uniformly distributed; The quantity of described passage is 2n, and 2n described passage is uniformly distributed; Angle between the central shaft of described air admission hole and the central shaft of adjacent described passage is 90/n degree; Wherein, n be greater than 1 natural number.
Wherein in an embodiment, described air admission hole and described passage are straight shape hole; The quantity of described air admission hole is 2, and 2 described air admission holes are uniformly distributed; The quantity of described passage is 4, and 4 described passages are uniformly distributed; Angle between the central shaft of described air admission hole and the central shaft of adjacent described passage is 45 degree.
Wherein in an embodiment, the aperture of described air admission hole is less than the bottom width of described groove, and described air admission hole is positioned at the centre position of the bottom surface of described groove;
Distance between the center line of described air admission hole and the sidewall of described groove is b, and the bottom width of described groove is c, wherein 1/3c≤b≤1/2c.
Wherein in an embodiment, the outer wall of described second rectifying tube is provided with multiple guiding rib extended to described first end, multiple described guiding ribs being circumferentially uniformly distributed at described second rectifying tube.
Wherein in an embodiment, described air admission hole is straight shape hole, and the aperture of described air admission hole is d;
Spacing between adjacent two described guiding ribs is e;
Lead described in the outside wall surface of described guiding rib and distance farthest another rib outside wall surface between distance be f;
Wherein, 0.8 π * f/ (3d)≤e≤1.2 π * f/ (3d).
Wherein in an embodiment, the spacing between adjacent two described guiding ribs is e;
Described laser head also comprises Lens assembly, and described Lens assembly is located at described gas channel and describedly gives vent to anger on gap, described in give vent to anger gap towards described Lens assembly, and described Lens assembly and described distance of giving vent to anger between gap are g;
Wherein, e≤g≤2e.
A kind of laser cutting device, comprises apparatus body and described laser head; Described laser head is connected on described apparatus body.
Above-mentioned laser cutting device and laser head thereof, cutting gas has carried out twice rectification, first time rectification cutting gas enters the groove of the ring-type of air inlet ring from air admission hole, the first rectifying tube is entered afterwards by passage, after second time rectification cutting gas enters the first rectifying tube by passage, rectification passage between the first rectifying tube and the second rectifying tube, and flow out from gap of giving vent to anger.Cutting gas arrives valve by the gas channel of the second rectifying tube inside afterwards, finally flows out from the gas outlet of valve.Cutting gas is by twice rectification, flow distribution evenness can be improved, reduce turbulence intensity, thus reduce aero-optical effect on the impact of laser optical path, ensure stable light beam quality, reduce machined surface roughness, improve cutting lines perpendicularity, thus improve cut quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the explosive view of laser head in an embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of laser head shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the assembling stereogram of air inlet ring, the first rectifying tube and the second rectifying tube in laser head shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view at another visual angle of laser head shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the assembling top view of air inlet ring, the second rectifying tube and valve in laser head shown in Fig. 1;
The gas flow circuitry detection figure that Fig. 6 is laser head shown in Fig. 1;
The processing effect comparison diagram that Fig. 7 is laser head shown in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
For the ease of understanding the present invention, below with reference to relevant drawings, laser cutting device and laser head thereof are described more fully.The first-selected embodiment of laser cutting device and laser head thereof is given in accompanying drawing.But laser cutting device and laser head thereof can realize in many different forms, are not limited to embodiment described herein.On the contrary, provide the object of these embodiments be make the disclosure of laser cutting device and laser head thereof more comprehensively thorough.
Unless otherwise defined, all technology used herein and scientific terminology are identical with belonging to the implication that those skilled in the art of the present invention understand usually.The object of the term used in the description of laser cutting device and laser head thereof herein just in order to describe specific embodiment, is not intended to be restriction the present invention.Term as used herein " and/or " comprise arbitrary and all combinations of one or more relevant Listed Items.
The laser cutting device of one embodiment comprises apparatus body and laser head, and laser head is connected on apparatus body, and laser cutting device realizes cutting processing by this laser head.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the laser head 10 of an embodiment comprises air inlet ring 100, first rectifying tube 200, second rectifying tube 300, valve 400 and Lens assembly 500.The inner side of air inlet ring 100 offers the groove 120 of ring-type, and the outside of air inlet ring 100 offers the air admission hole 140 being communicated to groove 120.The sidewall of the first rectifying tube 200 offers passage 220, and air inlet ring 100 is set on the first rectifying tube 200, and passage 220 is communicated with groove 120.The inside of the second rectifying tube 300 forms gas channel 320, second rectifying tube 300 and comprises relative first end 340 and the second end 360.First rectifying tube 200 is set on the second rectifying tube 300, forms rectification passage 240 between the first rectifying tube 200 and the second rectifying tube 300.Simultaneously see Fig. 3, form gap 260 of giving vent to anger between the first rectifying tube 200 and first end 340, gas channel 320 is communicated with by gap 260 of giving vent to anger with rectification passage 240.Valve 400 offers gas outlet 420, valve 400 is connected with the second end 360, and gas channel 320 is communicated with gas outlet 420.
Cutting gas has carried out twice rectification, first time rectification cutting gas enters the groove 120 of the ring-type of air inlet ring 100 from air admission hole 140, the first rectifying tube 200 is entered afterwards by passage 220, after second time rectification cutting gas enters the first rectifying tube 200 by passage 220, rectification passage 240 between the first rectifying tube 200 and the second rectifying tube 300, and flow out from gap 260 of giving vent to anger.Cutting gas arrives valve 400 by the gas channel 320 of the second rectifying tube 300 inside afterwards, finally flows out from the gas outlet 420 of valve 400.Cutting gas is by twice rectification, flow distribution evenness can be improved, reduce turbulence intensity, thus reduce aero-optical effect on the impact of laser optical path, ensure stable light beam quality, reduce machined surface roughness, improve cutting lines perpendicularity, thus improve cut quality.
Wherein in an embodiment, Lens assembly 500 is located at gas channel 320 and gives vent to anger on gap 260, and gap 260 of giving vent to anger is towards Lens assembly 500, and Lens assembly 500 and give vent to anger between gap 260 there is gap.Cutting gas flow to the lower surface place of Lens assembly 500 by gap 260 of giving vent to anger, and turns and is passed down through gas channel 320 and gas outlet 420, finally blows to cut workpiece surface.Cutting gas is by twice rectification, and in Lens assembly 500 lower surface and gas channel 320, form the distribution of uniform normal pressure, cutting gas can prevent again anti-slag to lens contamination while cooling protection eyeglass.The flow field that in the gas channel 320 of cutting gas below Lens assembly 500, formation is evenly distributed, turbulence intensity is less, can reduce the impact of aero-optical effect on laser optical path.
Wherein in an embodiment, valve 400 comprises base portion 440 and mouth 460, and base portion 440 is connected with mouth 460.Base portion 440 offers inner chamber 442, and inner chamber 442 is communicated with gas channel 320.Gas outlet 420 is positioned at one end away from base portion 440 of mouth 460, and gas outlet 420 is communicated with inner chamber 442.The distance that base portion 440 can elongate mouth 460 and Lens assembly 500 is set, further prevents anti-slag to lens contamination.Air-flow in inner chamber 442 further tends to be steady, and pressure distribution is even, and turbulence intensity is less further.Thus further reduce machined surface roughness, raising cutting lines perpendicularity.
In one embodiment, stagger in the position of air admission hole 140 and passage 220, and air admission hole 140 directly facing to passage 220, does not prevent fraction from directly entering passage 220 without groove 120 rectification.Further, in one embodiment, the quantity of the number ratio air admission hole 140 of passage 220 is many, and air admission hole 140 is equal apart from the distance of two passages 220 be adjacent.Simultaneously see Fig. 4, wherein in an embodiment, air admission hole 140 and passage 220 are straight shape hole.The quantity of air admission hole 140 is 2, and 2 air admission holes 140 are uniformly distributed.The quantity of passage 220 is 4, and 4 passages 220 are uniformly distributed.Angle between the central shaft of air admission hole 140 and the central shaft of adjacent passage 220 is 45 degree.Can ensure that air-flow fully mixes, and is uniformly distributed, and avoids the formation of great turbulence level like this, cause gas flow direction and design direction to produce deviation.
The quantity of air admission hole 140 is not limited to 2, also can be 3,4, or more.In one embodiment, the quantity of air admission hole 140 is n, and n air admission hole 140 is uniformly distributed.The quantity of passage 220 is 2n, and 2n passage 220 is uniformly distributed.Angle between the central shaft of air admission hole 140 and the central shaft of adjacent passage 220 is 90/n degree.Wherein, n be greater than 1 natural number.
Again see Fig. 2, in one embodiment, the aperture of air admission hole 140 is less than the bottom width of groove 120, and air admission hole 140 is positioned at the centre position of the bottom surface of groove 120.Distance between the center line of air admission hole 140 and the sidewall of groove 120 is b, and the bottom width of groove 120 is c, wherein 1/3c≤b≤1/2c.This position relationship can ensure that cutting gas evenly spreads to circumferential direction and vertical direction, avoid the formation of spatial streamline sudden change, enter rectification passage 240 hourly velocity and pressure distribution relatively uniform.
Simultaneously see Fig. 5, wherein in an embodiment, the outer wall of the second rectifying tube 300 is provided with multiple guiding rib 380 extended to first end 340, multiple guiding rib 380 is circumferentially uniformly distributed the second rectifying tube 300.Multiple guiding rib 380 forms multiple pilot flow 382 in rectification passage 240, and cutting gas is flowed to gap 260 of giving vent to anger by pilot flow 382, makes air-flow even more.
Again see Fig. 2, Fig. 5, in one embodiment, the aperture of air admission hole 140 is d, and the spacing (i.e. the width of pilot flow 382) between two adjacent guiding ribs 380 is e, and the distance between the outside wall surface of guiding rib 380 and the outside wall surface of distance another rib 380 that leads farthest is f.Wherein, e=π * f/ (3d).Decimal point can round up.The width e of pilot flow 382 is narrow, can increase space pressure loss, cannot ensure effective admission pressure.The width e of pilot flow 382 is wide, then cannot effective uniform restraint gas grain direction, weakens the effect of second time rectification.The dimensional values that e=π * f/ (3d) is optimum efficiency, certainly, e floats between ± 20%, also can reach the effect of second time rectification, i.e. 0.8 π * f/ (3d)≤e≤1.2 π * f/ (3d).
In one embodiment, and Lens assembly 500 and the distance of giving vent to anger between gap 260 are g.G depends on the width e of pilot flow 382, and this size should control within the specific limits, if too small, vapour lock cause too greatly gas be difficult to flow out or crushing excessive.If excessive, easily cause streamline chaotic, weaken the effect of second time rectification.For realizing preferably rectification effect, g=(1 ~ 2) e need be met, i.e. e≤g≤2e.
Fig. 6 is the gas flow circuitry detection figure of the laser head 10 of the dimensional requirement met in above-described embodiment, visible cutting gas is from the groove 120 of air admission hole 140 to ring-type, when entering rectification passage 240 again by passage 220, uniform stream be distributed in each pilot flow 382, after Lens assembly 500 lower surface place pools one air-flow, enter inner chamber 442 along gas channel 320, continue vertically downward until gas outlet 420 place.Visible in Fig. 6, gas grain direction is distinct, and without large whirlpool, turbulence intensity is little.
Practical application proves, adopt laser head 10 focus of the present embodiment to stablize, the contaminated number of times of the eyeglass in Lens assembly 500 obviously reduces, and laser head 10 stability and thick plates cutting successful promote.Figure 7 shows that the workpiece cross section quality that the laser head 10 of application the present embodiment is processed and contrast without the cutting effect of rectification design, first workpiece and second workpiece are two kinds of dissimilar workpiece, the first workpiece label that the laser head 10 of the present embodiment is processed is 22, second workpiece label is 24, the the first workpiece label processed without the conventional laser head of rectification design is 32, and second workpiece label is 34.The thick plates cutting fracture surface roughness that the laser head 10 of visible application the present embodiment is processed is low, and section cutting lines is fine and smooth and perpendicularity is better.
Each technical characteristic of the above embodiment can combine arbitrarily, for making description succinct, the all possible combination of each technical characteristic in above-described embodiment is not all described, but, as long as the combination of these technical characteristics does not exist contradiction, be all considered to be the scope that this description is recorded.
The above embodiment only have expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. a laser head, is characterized in that, comprises air inlet ring, the first rectifying tube, the second rectifying tube and valve;
The inner side of described air inlet ring offers the groove of ring-type, and the outside of described air inlet ring offers the air admission hole being communicated to described groove;
The sidewall of described first rectifying tube offers passage, and described air inlet ring set is located on described first rectifying tube, and described passage is communicated with described groove;
The inside of described second rectifying tube forms gas channel, and described second rectifying tube comprises relative first end and the second end; Described first rectifying tube is set on described second rectifying tube, forms rectification passage between described first rectifying tube and described second rectifying tube; Gap of giving vent to anger is formed, gap area of giving vent to anger described in described gas channel and described rectification passage pass through between described first rectifying tube and described first end;
Described valve offers gas outlet, and described valve is connected with described second end, and described gas channel is communicated with described gas outlet.
2. laser head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise Lens assembly, described Lens assembly is located at described gas channel and describedly gives vent to anger on gap, described gap of giving vent to anger is towards described Lens assembly, and described Lens assembly and described giving vent to anger between gap have gap.
3. laser head according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described valve comprises base portion and mouth, and described base portion is connected with described mouth; Described base portion offers inner chamber, and described inner chamber is communicated with described gas channel; Described gas outlet is positioned at one end away from described base portion of described mouth, described gas outlet and described inner space.
4. laser head according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described air admission hole and described passage are straight shape hole; The quantity of described air admission hole is n, and n described air admission hole is uniformly distributed; The quantity of described passage is 2n, and 2n described passage is uniformly distributed; Angle between the central shaft of described air admission hole and the central shaft of adjacent described passage is 90/n degree; Wherein, n be greater than 1 natural number.
5. laser head according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described air admission hole and described passage are straight shape hole; The quantity of described air admission hole is 2, and 2 described air admission holes are uniformly distributed; The quantity of described passage is 4, and 4 described passages are uniformly distributed; Angle between the central shaft of described air admission hole and the central shaft of adjacent described passage is 45 degree.
6. laser head according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the aperture of described air admission hole is less than the bottom width of described groove, and described air admission hole is positioned at the centre position of the bottom surface of described groove;
Distance between the center line of described air admission hole and the sidewall of described groove is b, and the bottom width of described groove is c, wherein 1/3c≤b≤1/2c.
7. laser head according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the outer wall of described second rectifying tube is provided with multiple guiding rib extended to described first end, multiple described guiding ribs being circumferentially uniformly distributed at described second rectifying tube.
8. laser head according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described air admission hole is straight shape hole, and the aperture of described air admission hole is d;
Spacing between adjacent two described guiding ribs is e;
Lead described in the outside wall surface of described guiding rib and distance farthest another rib outside wall surface between distance be f;
Wherein, 0.8 π * f/ (3d)≤e≤1.2 π * f/ (3d).
9. laser head according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the spacing between adjacent two described guiding ribs is e;
Described laser head also comprises Lens assembly, and described Lens assembly is located at described gas channel and describedly gives vent to anger on gap, described in give vent to anger gap towards described Lens assembly, and described Lens assembly and described distance of giving vent to anger between gap are g;
Wherein, e≤g≤2e.
10. a laser cutting device, is characterized in that, comprises apparatus body and the laser head described in any one of claim 1 to 9; Described laser head is connected on described apparatus body.
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| CN201510884862.XA CN105436720B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | Laser cutting device and laser head thereof |
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| CN201510884862.XA CN105436720B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | Laser cutting device and laser head thereof |
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| CN109249128A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-22 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | It blows and takes out dirt device and ceramic substrate laser boring method |
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| CN110899958A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-03-24 | 岗春激光科技（江苏）有限公司 | Handheld laser processing head and laser processing equipment |
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| DE102019103659B4 (en) | 2019-02-13 | 2023-11-30 | Bystronic Laser Ag | Gas guide, laser cutting head and laser cutting machine |
| CN110899958A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-03-24 | 岗春激光科技（江苏）有限公司 | Handheld laser processing head and laser processing equipment |
| CN114473250B (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-08-02 | 苏州密尔光子科技有限公司 | Laser cutting equipment and gas path rectifying method thereof |
| CN114473250A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-05-13 | 苏州密尔光子科技有限公司 | Laser cutting equipment and gas path rectifying method thereof |
| CN114535794A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-05-27 | 济南邦德激光股份有限公司 | Gas circuit system of laser cutting head |
| CN114535794B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-23 | 济南邦德激光股份有限公司 | Gas circuit system of laser cutting head |
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| CN105436720B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
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