CN105428718A - Preparation method for electrolyte additive - Google Patents
Preparation method for electrolyte additive Download PDFInfo
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- CN105428718A CN105428718A CN201511006490.7A CN201511006490A CN105428718A CN 105428718 A CN105428718 A CN 105428718A CN 201511006490 A CN201511006490 A CN 201511006490A CN 105428718 A CN105428718 A CN 105428718A
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- alcohol
- electrolysis additive
- additive according
- ether
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a safe preparation method for an electrolyte additive with a low cost and a high yield and capable of large-scale preparation. The electrolyte additive is an AaXxBb compound employing fluorinated metal salt, fluorinated gas and nitrogen-containing ligands as raw materials, A is at least any one selected from Cs, Rb, Sr and Ba, X is at least any one selected from C5H5N, (C2H5)3N, CH3CN, (CH2CN)2 and (C2H4CN)2, wherein, a is more than 0 and less than 3, x is more than 0 and less than 3, and a is more than 0 and less than 3. Fluorinated metal salt is dissolved in an alcohol and ether solvent, nitrogen-containing ligands are added at a normal temperature under protection of inert gas, fluorinated gas and nitrogen are mixed and inputted into the container under circulation of a cooling medium, the reaction is carried out for 2-4h, centrifugation and washing are repeated, and the AaXxBb compound is obtained after drying. The provide preparation method can be applied to the compound synthesis field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of synthesis and purification process of organic compound, be specifically related to electrolysis additive A
ax
xb
bthe preparation method of compound.
Background technology
Electrolyte functional additive A
ax
xb
bcompound is a kind of novel lithium-ion battery electrolytes additive, can significantly improve the service behaviour of lithium ion battery.This additive can form good diaphragm at lithium ion cell electrode, therefore can be widely used as the lithium-ion battery electrolytes additives such as traditional lithium-ion battery, high-voltage lithium ion batteries, safe flame-retardant lithium ion battery and high-power lithium ion power battery.As a kind of additive, its preparation process is but comparatively loaded down with trivial details, needs to expend higher cost, and output capacity is not high.In order to solve the problem, need to design a kind of new preparation method.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of safety, low cost, yield high and the electrolysis additive preparation method that can prepare in a large number.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: in the methods of the invention, the A that the electrolysis additive addressed is is raw material with metal fluoride salt, fluorinated gas and containing n-donor ligand
ax
xb
bcompound, wherein A be in Cs, Rb, Sr and Ba at least any one, X is C
5h
5n, (C
2h
5)
3n, CH
3cN, (CH
2cN)
2and (C
2h
4cN)
2in at least any one, wherein the value of a, x and b is respectively: 0<a<3,0<x<3,0<a<3,
Getting metal fluoride salt is dissolved in alcohol, ether solvent, under the reaction condition of normal temperature inert gas shielding, adds containing n-donor ligand; under the circulation of coolant, fluorinated gas is mixed with nitrogen and passes in container, react 2 ~ 4 hours; repeated centrifugation and washing, namely obtain target compound A after drying
ax
xb
bcompound.
Further, the method comprises following concrete steps:
(1) in inert gas atmosphere, in closed reaction vessel, mixing fluoro slaine and alcohol, ether solvent, described alcohol, ether solvent are selected from one or more of following material: methyl alcohol, ethanol, methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE), oxolane, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dioxane, positive propyl ether, n-butyl ether, glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether; Described inert gas is nitrogen, lower same;
(2) in inert gas atmosphere, in closed reaction vessel, in the mixed liquor of fluoro slaine and alcohol or ether, add containing n-donor ligand, react, obtain the first reactant liquor;
(3) in inert gas atmosphere, in the chuck of closed container, pass into the coolant (mixed solution of ethanol, ethylene glycol and water, the weight ratio of ethanol, ethylene glycol and water is 2:1:2), and with cooler, coolant is cooled to 0 DEG C, and coolant is circulated in chuck, then fluorinated gas is passed in the first reactant liquor in closed reaction vessel, obtain the second reactant liquor;
(4) in inert atmosphere case (water oxygen content is all less than 1ppm), open closed container, filter the second reactant liquor, obtain solid sediment.The mode of filtering is: use centrifuge tube packing, then carry out centrifugally operated with centrifuge with 8000r/min, give up supernatant, obtains solid sediment.And then carry out centrifugally operated with 8000r/min, 3 times so repeatedly.Be 0.09 MPa in vacuum degree, at 50 DEG C, vacuumize carried out 10 hours to the solid cleaned, obtains target compound A
ax
xb
bcompound.
Further, the mol ratio of metal fluoride salt and fluorinated gas is: 1:1 ~ 1:2.
Further, when metal fluoride salt is dissolved in alcohol, ether solvent, control temperature is 25 DEG C, and the time is 20 minutes.Preferred alcohol, ether solvent are ethanol.The temperature of preferred mixing fluoro slaine and ether solvent controls at 0 ~ 30 DEG C.The volume ratio of preferred mixing fluoro slaine and ether solvent is 1:1 ~ 5.Preferred, the volume ratio of fluoro slaine and ether solvent is 1:2.
Further, in metal fluoride salting liquid, when adding containing n-donor ligand, temperature controls is 25 DEG C, and the time is 30 minutes.
Further, the gaseous mixture of fluorinated gas and nitrogen passes in closed container, and the speed controlling to pass into is 0.1 ~ 0.5 gram/minute, and the time is 1 ~ 3 hour, and temperature is-10 DEG C ~ 0 DEG C.
Further, the chilling temperature in the cyclic process of described coolant is-10 DEG C ~ 0 DEG C.
Further, described drying steps is vacuumize, and wherein vacuum degree is 0.05MPa ~ 0.10MPa, and temperature is 50 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, and drying time is 10 ~ 24 hours.
Further, described metal fluoride salt is CsF, RbF
2, SrF
2or BaF
2in one or more mixture, described containing n-donor ligand is C
5h
5n, (C
2h
5)
3n, CH
3cN, (CH
2cN)
2, (C
2h
4cN)
2in at least one, described fluoro-gas is PF
5, BF
3, AsF
5in at least one.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: alcohol, ether solvent low price that the present invention adopts, effectively reduce production cost as reaction dissolvent; Alcohol, ether solvent moderate boiling point that the present invention adopts, both ensured the conversion ratio that back flow reaction is higher, follow-uply again easily and product separation and adopts centrifugal separation process, realizes fast, low cost, prepares this additive with high yield.
Embodiment
For describing technology contents of the present invention, structural feature in detail, realizing object and Expected Results, be explained in detail below in conjunction with execution mode.
The invention discloses functional additive A
ax
xb
bthe preparation of compound and purification process thereof, realize safety, low cost and prepare highly purified functional additive A with high yield
ax
xb
bcompound, and easily realize large-scale industrial production, concrete grammar is as follows:
1, in inert gas atmosphere, in closed reaction vessel, mixing fluoro slaine and alcohol, ether solvent;
2, in inert gas atmosphere, in closed reaction vessel, in the mixed liquor of fluoro slaine and alcohol or ether, add containing n-donor ligand, react, obtain the first reactant liquor;
3, in inert gas atmosphere, in the chuck of closed container, pass into the heat-eliminating medium (mixed solution of ethanol, ethylene glycol and water, the weight ratio of ethanol, ethylene glycol and water is 2:1:2), and with cooler, coolant is cooled to 0 DEG C, and coolant is circulated in chuck, pass into fluorinated gas in the first reactant liquor in backward closed reaction vessel, and obtain the second reactant liquor;
4, in inert atmosphere case (water oxygen content is all less than 1ppm), closed container is opened, and the second reactant liquor centrifuge tube is carried out packing, then carry out centrifugally operated with centrifuge 8000r/min, give up supernatant, obtain solid sediment;
5, by the precipitation of the centrifugal acquisition of washes of absolute alcohol, and then 8000r/min carries out centrifugally operated, 3 times so repeatedly.Be 0.09 MPa in vacuum degree, at 50 DEG C, vacuumize carried out to the solid cleaned and within 10 hours, obtains end product.
Enumerate embodiment to be below explained in detail.
embodiment 1:
The cesium fluoride of 1.3150g and the absolute ethyl alcohol of 20ml are scribbled at 50ml in the closed reaction vessel in polytetrafluoroethylene and stir 20 minutes at 25 DEG C, cesium fluoride is dissolved completely, obtain caesium fluoride soln.In the closed container that caesium fluoride soln is housed, add 20ml pyridine, 25 DEG C are stirred 10 minutes, form uniform solution, then pass into nitrogen (water content <10ppm) 30 minutes, displace air in container.In the chuck of closed container, pass into heat-eliminating medium (mixed solution of ethanol, ethylene glycol and water, the weight ratio of ethanol, ethylene glycol and water is 2:1:2), and with cooler, coolant is cooled to 0 DEG C, and coolant is circulated in chuck.Pass in closed container by the gaseous mixture of phosphorus pentafluoride and nitrogen, the speed of passing into is 0.1 gram/minute, and the time is 2 hours (mass ratio of phosphorus pentafluoride and nitrogen is 1:9), and constantly stir, temperature is 0 DEG C simultaneously.After phosphorus pentafluoride passes into, continue airtight stirring 2 hours, temperature is 0 DEG C.In inert atmosphere case (water oxygen content is all less than 1ppm), closed container is opened, and the solution centrifuge tube of the inside is carried out packing, then use centrifuge 8000r/min centrifugally operated, give up supernatant, obtain precipitated solid.By the precipitation of the centrifugal acquisition of washes of absolute alcohol, and then 8000r/min is centrifugal, 3 times so repeatedly.Be 0.09 MPa (described vacuum degree refers to the absolute value of the difference of absolute pressure and atmospheric pressure) in vacuum degree, at 50 DEG C, vacuumize carried out 10 hours to the solid cleaned.Be weighed as 2.7852g to the final products obtained, in the cesium fluoride consumed, the yield of counting yield is 90.12%.
embodiment 2:
The barium fluoride of 3.5064g and the absolute methanol of 40ml are scribbled at 100ml in the closed reaction vessel in polytetrafluoroethylene and stir 20 minutes at 25 DEG C, barium fluoride is dissolved completely, obtain barium fluoride solution.In the closed container that barium fluoride solution is housed, add 20ml triethylamine, 25 DEG C are stirred 10 minutes, form uniform solution, then pass into argon gas (water content <10ppm) 30 minutes, displace air in container.In the chuck of closed container, pass into heat-eliminating medium (mixed solution of ethanol, ethylene glycol and water, the weight ratio of ethanol, ethylene glycol and water is 2:1:2), and with cooler, coolant is cooled to 0 DEG C, and coolant is circulated in chuck.Pass in closed container by the gaseous mixture of arsenic pentafluoride and argon gas, the speed of passing into is 0.5 gram/minute, and the time is 1 hour (mass ratio of arsenic pentafluoride and argon gas is 1:7), and constantly stir, temperature is-10 DEG C simultaneously.After arsenic pentafluoride passes into, continue airtight stirring 2 hours, temperature is 0 DEG C.In inert atmosphere case (water oxygen content is all less than 1ppm), closed container is opened, and the solution centrifuge tube of the inside is carried out packing, then use centrifuge 10000r/min centrifugally operated, give up supernatant, obtain precipitated solid.By the precipitation of the centrifugal acquisition of washes of absolute alcohol, and then with centrifuge 10000r/min centrifugally operated, 3 times so repeatedly.Be 0.05 MPa (described vacuum degree refers to the absolute value of the difference of absolute pressure and atmospheric pressure) in vacuum degree, at 80 DEG C, vacuumize carried out 20 hours to the solid cleaned.Be weighed as 8.1104g to the final products obtained, in the barium fluoride consumed, the yield of counting yield is 90.83%.
embodiment 3:
The strontium fluoride of 1.2562g and the n-butyl ether of 60ml are scribbled at 100ml in the closed reaction vessel in polytetrafluoroethylene and stir 20 minutes at 25 DEG C, strontium fluoride is dissolved completely, obtain strontium fluoride solution.In the closed container that strontium fluoride solution is housed, add 15ml acetonitrile, 25 DEG C are stirred 10 minutes, form uniform solution, then pass into helium (water content <10ppm) 30 minutes, displace air in container.In the chuck of closed container, pass into heat-eliminating medium (mixed solution of ethanol, ethylene glycol and water, the weight ratio of ethanol, ethylene glycol and water is 2:1:2), and with cooler, coolant is cooled to 0 DEG C, and coolant is circulated in chuck.Pass in closed container by the gaseous mixture of boron trifluoride and helium, the speed of passing into is 0.1 gram/minute, and the time is 3 hours (mass ratio of boron trifluoride and helium is 1:16), and constantly stir, temperature is-5 DEG C simultaneously.After boron trifluoride passes into, continue airtight stirring 2 hours, temperature is 0 DEG C.In inert atmosphere case (water oxygen content is all less than 1ppm), closed container is opened, and the solution centrifuge tube of the inside is carried out packing, then use centrifuge 6000r/min centrifugally operated, give up supernatant, obtain precipitated solid.By the precipitation of the centrifugal acquisition of washes of absolute alcohol, then use centrifuge 6000r/min centrifugally operated, 3 times so repeatedly.Be 0.10 MPa (described vacuum degree refers to the absolute value of the difference of absolute pressure and atmospheric pressure) in vacuum degree, at 100 DEG C, vacuumize carried out 24 hours to the solid cleaned.The final products obtained are weighed 2.4686g, to consume strontium fluoride, the yield 90.58% of counting yield.
embodiment 4:
The rubidium fluoride RbF of 1.0447g and the oxolane of 50ml are scribbled at 100ml in the closed reaction vessel in polytetrafluoroethylene and stir 20 minutes at 25 DEG C, rubidium fluoride RbF is dissolved completely, obtain rubidium fluoride RbF solution.In the closed container that rubidium fluoride RbF solution is housed, add 20ml succinonitrile, 25 DEG C are stirred 10 minutes, form uniform solution, then pass into argon gas (water content <10ppm) 30 minutes, displace air in container.In the chuck of closed container, pass into heat-eliminating medium (mixed solution of ethanol, ethylene glycol and water, the weight ratio of ethanol, ethylene glycol and water is 2:1:2), and with cooler, coolant is cooled to 0 DEG C, and coolant is circulated in chuck.Pass in closed container by the gaseous mixture of boron trifluoride and argon gas, the speed of passing into is 0.2 gram/minute, and the time is 1 hour (mass ratio of boron trifluoride and argon gas is 1:8), and constantly stir, temperature is-5 DEG C simultaneously.After boron trifluoride passes into, continue airtight stirring 2 hours, temperature is 0 DEG C.In inert atmosphere case (water oxygen content is all less than 1ppm), closed container is opened, and the solution centrifuge tube of the inside is carried out packing, then use centrifuge 6000r/min centrifugally operated, give up supernatant, obtain precipitated solid.By the precipitation of the centrifugal acquisition of washes of absolute alcohol, then use centrifuge 6000r/min centrifugally operated, 3 times so repeatedly.Be 0.10 MPa (described vacuum degree refers to the absolute value of the difference of absolute pressure and atmospheric pressure) in vacuum degree, at 100 DEG C, vacuumize carried out 24 hours to the solid cleaned.The final products obtained are weighed 2.323g, to consume rubidium fluoride RbF, the yield 92.07% of counting yield.
Above-described embodiment is described in detail the present invention, but and does not mean that the present invention is only confined to these examples.When not departing from the technology of the present invention principle, making improvements and being out of shape within the claims in the present invention and technology, also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for electrolysis additive, the A that described electrolysis additive is is raw material with metal fluoride salt, fluorinated gas and containing n-donor ligand
ax
xb
bcompound, wherein A be in Cs, Rb, Sr and Ba at least any one, X is C
5h
5n, (C
2h
5)
3n, CH
3cN, (CH
2cN)
2and (C
2h
4cN)
2in at least any one, wherein the value of a, x and b is respectively: 0<a<3,0<x<3,0<a<3, it is characterized in that:
Getting metal fluoride salt is dissolved in alcohol, ether solvent, under the reaction condition of normal temperature inert gas shielding, adds containing n-donor ligand; under the circulation of coolant, fluorinated gas is mixed with nitrogen and passes in container, react 2 ~ 4 hours; repeated centrifugation and washing, namely obtain target compound A after drying
ax
xb
bcompound.
2. the preparation method of a kind of electrolysis additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the method comprises following concrete steps:
(1) in inert gas atmosphere, in closed reaction vessel, mixing fluoro slaine and alcohol, ether solvent, described alcohol, ether solvent are selected from one or more of following material: methyl alcohol, ethanol, methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE), oxolane, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dioxane, positive propyl ether, n-butyl ether, glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether;
(2) in inert gas atmosphere, in closed reaction vessel, in the mixed liquor of fluoro slaine and alcohol or ether, add containing n-donor ligand, react, obtain the first reactant liquor;
(3) in inert gas atmosphere, in the chuck of closed container, coolant is passed into, and with cooler, coolant is cooled to 0 DEG C, and coolant is circulated in chuck, then fluorinated gas is passed in the first reactant liquor in closed reaction vessel, obtain the second reactant liquor;
(4) in inert atmosphere case, open closed container, filter the second reactant liquor, obtain solid sediment, with washes of absolute alcohol centrifugal solids sediment, and then carry out centrifugally operated, under vacuo vacuumize is carried out to the solid cleaned, obtain target compound A
ax
xb
bcompound.
3. the preparation method of a kind of electrolysis additive according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described step (4) to the filter type that the second reactant liquor filters be: use centrifuge tube packing, then centrifugally operated is carried out with centrifuge with 8000r/min, give up supernatant, obtain solid sediment.
4. the preparation method of a kind of electrolysis additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mol ratio of metal fluoride salt and fluorinated gas is: 1:1 ~ 1:2.
5. the preparation method of a kind of electrolysis additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when metal fluoride salt is dissolved in alcohol, ether solvent, control temperature is 25 DEG C, and the time is 20 minutes.
6. the preparation method of a kind of electrolysis additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in metal fluoride salting liquid, and when adding containing n-donor ligand, temperature controls is 25 DEG C, and the time is 30 minutes.
7. the preparation method of a kind of electrolysis additive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the gaseous mixture of fluorinated gas and nitrogen passes in closed container, the speed controlling to pass into is 0.1 ~ 0.5 gram/minute, and the time is 1 ~ 3 hour, and temperature is-10 DEG C ~ 0 DEG C.
8. the preparation method of a kind of electrolysis additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the chilling temperature in the cyclic process of described coolant is-10 DEG C ~ 0 DEG C.
9. the preparation method of a kind of electrolysis additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described drying steps is vacuumize, and wherein vacuum degree is 0.05MPa ~ 0.10MPa, and temperature is 50 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, and drying time is 10 ~ 24 hours.
10. the preparation method of a kind of electrolysis additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described metal fluoride salt is CsF, RbF
2, SrF
2or BaF
2in one or more mixture, described containing n-donor ligand is C
5h
5n, (C
2h
5)
3n, CH
3cN, (CH
2cN)
2, (C
2h
4cN)
2in at least one, described fluoro-gas is PF
5, BF
3, AsF
5in at least one.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111063932A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-24 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Electrolyte solution and secondary battery |
| CN117943215A (en) * | 2024-03-15 | 2024-04-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Centrifugal test tube and method for separating bio-oil pre-swelling rubber powder system by using same |
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| CN104094452A (en) * | 2012-02-07 | 2014-10-08 | 巴特尔纪念研究院 | Methods and energy storage devices utilizing electrolytes having surface-smoothing additives |
| CN105140563A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-12-09 | 珠海市赛纬电子材料有限公司 | Electrolyte functional additive, non-aqueous lithium-ion battery electrolyte containing additive and lithium-ion battery |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111063932A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-24 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Electrolyte solution and secondary battery |
| CN117943215A (en) * | 2024-03-15 | 2024-04-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Centrifugal test tube and method for separating bio-oil pre-swelling rubber powder system by using same |
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|---|---|
| CN105428718B (en) | 2018-01-16 |
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