CN105424184A - Spectrum acquiring apparatus - Google Patents

Spectrum acquiring apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105424184A
CN105424184A CN201410480717.0A CN201410480717A CN105424184A CN 105424184 A CN105424184 A CN 105424184A CN 201410480717 A CN201410480717 A CN 201410480717A CN 105424184 A CN105424184 A CN 105424184A
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Prior art keywords
acquisition device
spectrum acquisition
optical fiber
fiber
spectrometer
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CN201410480717.0A
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杨余旺
宗精学
王善骏
赵炜
汪文娟
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种光谱获取装置,搭载于超低空无人机,包括便携式光纤光谱仪、伸出式光纤头和外接式光谱获取装置,便携式光纤光谱仪和外接式光谱获取装置通过伸出式光纤头连接,便携式光纤光谱仪和外接式光谱获取装置均固定在超低空无人机上。本发明的优点在于远距离获取目标区域农作物的光谱信息,为监测农作物生长情况提供光谱数据,可为农作物的病虫害诊断提供分析数据;此外,本发明小巧轻便,对于已有光谱仪的适配性较高,使原本只可近距离采集光谱的光谱仪具备远距离采集的能力,可搭载在无人机或飞艇上,进行大范围的区域性农作物成长情况监测。

The invention discloses a spectrum acquisition device, which is mounted on an ultra-low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle, including a portable optical fiber spectrometer, an extended optical fiber head and an external spectrum acquisition device, and the portable optical fiber spectrometer and the external optical spectrum acquisition device pass through the extended optical fiber head. Connection, portable fiber optic spectrometer and external spectrum acquisition device are all fixed on the ultra-low altitude drone. The advantage of the present invention is that the spectral information of the crops in the target area can be obtained remotely, and spectral data can be provided for monitoring the growth of the crops, and can provide analytical data for the diagnosis of crop diseases and insect pests; in addition, the present invention is small and light, and has relatively low adaptability to existing spectrometers. High, so that the spectrometer, which can only collect spectra at close range, has the ability to collect spectra at a long distance. It can be mounted on drones or airships to monitor the growth of crops in a large area.

Description

光谱获取装置Spectrum acquisition device

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及光学成像技术领域,具体是涉及一种光谱获取装置,搭载于超低空无人机。 The invention relates to the technical field of optical imaging, in particular to a spectrum acquisition device mounted on an ultra-low-altitude drone.

背景技术 Background technique

农作物生长信息的获取和监测农作物遭受病虫害情况一直是农作物生产过程中的重要部分。传统方法是农业种植人员和田间工作人员进行人眼观察或者采用光谱设备采集单个或小区域农作物的光谱数据,在实验室再进行对比、分析和识别。这种方法无法获得准确可靠的信息:一是依赖人眼观察无法准确的判断病虫害的初期症状,会有疏漏;二是携带的光谱设备只能采集单棵植株或小范围内作物的光谱,无法进行大范围的检测,费时费力;此外,现有的农业光谱设备是手持的,采集要求距离短,要求高,无法远距离或在超低空采集光谱数据,在空中的无人机也不能使用现有的农业光谱设备。 The acquisition of crop growth information and the monitoring of crops suffering from diseases and insect pests have always been an important part of the crop production process. The traditional method is that agricultural planters and field workers observe with human eyes or use spectral equipment to collect spectral data of a single or small area of crops, and then compare, analyze and identify them in the laboratory. This method cannot obtain accurate and reliable information: first, the initial symptoms of pests and diseases cannot be accurately judged by relying on human eye observation, and there will be omissions; second, the spectrum equipment carried can only collect the spectrum of a single plant or a small range of crops, and cannot It is time-consuming and labor-intensive to carry out large-scale detection; in addition, the existing agricultural spectral equipment is hand-held, and the collection requirements are short and high, and it is impossible to collect spectral data at long distances or at ultra-low altitudes. Some agricultural spectrum equipment.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种光谱获取装置,解决了远距离或超低空遥感诊断作物病害以及遥感监测作物生长状态等问题。 The object of the present invention is to provide a spectrum acquisition device, which solves the problems of long-distance or ultra-low altitude remote sensing diagnosis of crop diseases and remote sensing monitoring of crop growth status.

实现本发明目的的技术解决方案为:一种光谱获取装置,搭载于超低空无人机,包括便携式光纤光谱仪、伸出式光纤头和外接式光谱获取装置,便携式光纤光谱仪和外接式光谱获取装置通过伸出式光纤头连接,便携式光纤光谱仪和外接式光谱获取装置均固定在超低空无人机上。 The technical solution to realize the purpose of the present invention is: a spectrum acquisition device, which is carried on an ultra-low-altitude drone, including a portable fiber optic spectrometer, a protruding fiber optic head and an external spectrum acquisition device, a portable fiber optic spectrometer and an external spectrum acquisition device Both the portable fiber optic spectrometer and the external spectrum acquisition device are fixed on the ultra-low-altitude UAV through the connection of the extended fiber optic head.

上述外接式光谱获取装置包括共光轴依次排列第一成像透镜、光阑、第二成像透镜和光纤准直镜组成;伸出式光纤头位于光纤准直镜的焦点处。 The above-mentioned external spectrum acquisition device consists of a first imaging lens, a diaphragm, a second imaging lens and a fiber collimator arranged in sequence with common optical axes; the protruding optical fiber head is located at the focal point of the fiber collimator.

携带对象图像信息的光经过第一成像透镜成像后出射,经过光阑后,其出射的光进入第二成像透镜,经第二成像透镜成像后出射至光纤准直镜,光纤准直镜改变光路后汇聚并被伸出式光纤头接收,通过光纤传输至便携式光纤光谱仪。 The light carrying the image information of the object is imaged by the first imaging lens and then exits. After passing through the diaphragm, the emitted light enters the second imaging lens, and after being imaged by the second imaging lens, it exits to the fiber collimator, which changes the optical path After converging and being received by the extended fiber optic head, it is transmitted to the portable fiber optic spectrometer through the fiber.

上述第一成像透镜半径大于第二成像透镜。 The radius of the first imaging lens is larger than that of the second imaging lens.

上述光阑位于第一成像透镜的焦点处,通光孔径调整范围为Φ1.2mm—Φ22mm。 The diaphragm is located at the focal point of the first imaging lens, and the adjustment range of the clear aperture is Φ1.2mm-Φ22mm.

本发明与现有技术相比,其显著优点:(1)远距离或超低空获取目标区域农作物的光谱信息,为监测农作物生长情况提供光谱数据,可为农作物的病虫害诊断提供分析数据;(2)本发明小巧轻便,对于已有光谱仪的适配性较高,使原本只可近距离采集光谱的光谱仪具备远距离采集的能力,可搭载在无人机或飞艇上,进行大范围的区域性农作物成长情况监测。 Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant advantages: (1) long-distance or ultra-low-altitude acquisition of the spectral information of the crops in the target area, providing spectral data for monitoring the growth of the crops, and providing analysis data for the diagnosis of crop diseases and insect pests; (2) ) The present invention is small and light, and has high adaptability to existing spectrometers, so that spectrometers that can only collect spectra at close range have the ability to collect spectra at a long distance, and can be mounted on drones or airships for large-scale regional Monitoring of crop growth.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本发明结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

图2是本发明外接式光谱获取装置示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an external spectrum acquisition device of the present invention.

具体实施方式 detailed description

下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。 The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

结合图1和图2,一种光谱获取装置,搭载于超低空无人机,包括便携式光纤光谱仪、伸出式光纤头5和外接式光谱获取装置,便携式光纤光谱仪和外接式光谱获取装置通过伸出式光纤头5连接,便携式光纤光谱仪和外接式光谱获取装置均固定在超低空无人机上。 Combining Figures 1 and 2, a spectrum acquisition device is mounted on an ultra-low-altitude drone, including a portable fiber optic spectrometer, an extended fiber optic head 5, and an external spectrum acquisition device. The portable fiber optic spectrometer and the external spectrum acquisition device pass through the extension The out-type optical fiber head 5 is connected, and the portable optical fiber spectrometer and the external spectrum acquisition device are all fixed on the ultra-low-altitude drone.

上述外接式光谱获取装置包括共光轴依次排列第一成像透镜1、光阑2、第二成像透镜3和光纤准直镜4组成;伸出式光纤头5位于光纤准直镜(4)的焦点处。 The above-mentioned external spectrum acquisition device comprises a first imaging lens 1, a diaphragm 2, a second imaging lens 3, and a fiber collimator 4 arranged in sequence with common optical axes; focus.

上述第一成像透镜1半径大于第二成像透镜3。 The radius of the first imaging lens 1 is larger than that of the second imaging lens 3 .

上述光阑2位于第一成像透镜1的焦点处,可采用ZT-GL22可调光阑,通光孔径调整范围为Φ1.2mm—Φ22mm。 The above-mentioned aperture 2 is located at the focal point of the first imaging lens 1, and a ZT-GL22 adjustable aperture can be used, and the adjustment range of the clear aperture is Φ1.2mm-Φ22mm.

超低空无人机底部设有安装平台,便携式光纤光谱仪和外接式光谱获取装置均固定在安装平台上,外接式光谱获取装置对准待测区域农作物,携带待测区域农作物图像信息的光经过第一成像透镜1成像后出射,经过光阑2后,其出射的光进入第二成像透镜3,经第二成像透镜3成像后出射至光纤准直镜4,光纤准直镜4改变光路后汇聚并被伸出式光纤头5接收,通过光纤传输至便携式光纤光谱仪,经分析后,得到待测区域农作物光谱信息。 There is an installation platform at the bottom of the ultra-low-altitude UAV, and the portable fiber optic spectrometer and the external spectrum acquisition device are fixed on the installation platform. An imaging lens 1 emits an image, and after passing through the diaphragm 2, the emitted light enters the second imaging lens 3, and after being imaged by the second imaging lens 3, it exits to the fiber collimator 4, and the fiber collimator 4 changes the optical path and converges It is received by the protruding optical fiber head 5 and transmitted to a portable optical fiber spectrometer through an optical fiber. After analysis, the spectral information of the crops in the area to be measured is obtained.

Claims (4)

1. a spectrum acquisition device, be equipped on extreme low-altitude unmanned plane, it is characterized in that: comprise portable fiber-optic spectrometer, reach optical fiber head (5) and circumscribed spectrum acquisition device, portable fiber-optic spectrometer is connected by reach optical fiber head (5) with circumscribed spectrum acquisition device, and portable fiber-optic spectrometer and circumscribed spectrum acquisition device are all fixed on extreme low-altitude unmanned plane.
2. spectrum acquisition device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: above-mentioned circumscribed spectrum acquisition device comprises common optical axis and is arranged in order the first imaging len (1), diaphragm (2), the second imaging len (3) and fiber optic collimator mirror (4) composition; Reach optical fiber head (5) is positioned at the focus place of fiber optic collimator mirror (4);
Carry light outgoing after the first imaging len (1) imaging of object images information, after diaphragm (2), the light of its outgoing enters the second imaging len (3), after the second imaging len (3) imaging, outgoing is to fiber optic collimator mirror (4), fiber optic collimator mirror (4) converges after changing light path and is extended formula optical fiber head (5) and receives, and is transmitted through the fiber to portable fiber-optic spectrometer.
3. spectrum acquisition device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: above-mentioned first imaging len (1) radius is greater than the second imaging len (3).
4. spectrum acquisition device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: above-mentioned diaphragm (2) is positioned at the focus place of the first imaging len (1), and clear aperature setting range is Φ 1.2mm-Φ 22mm.
CN201410480717.0A 2014-09-19 2014-09-19 Spectrum acquiring apparatus Pending CN105424184A (en)

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CN103048046A (en) * 2012-12-21 2013-04-17 浙江大学 Double-beam spectrometer
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Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030169420A1 (en) * 2002-03-06 2003-09-11 Javier Ruiz Self-calibrating spectrometers and auto-calibration methods
CN101021472A (en) * 2007-01-17 2007-08-22 南京农业大学 Portable multiway crop leaf nitrogen nutrient index nondestructive monitoring device
CN102226717A (en) * 2011-04-07 2011-10-26 江阴市嘉臣光电科技有限公司 Ultraviolet enhanced miniature fiber optic spectrometer
CN202676588U (en) * 2012-03-12 2013-01-16 曹宏鑫 Airborne micro spectral terminal device applied to disease and pest identification
CN103048046A (en) * 2012-12-21 2013-04-17 浙江大学 Double-beam spectrometer
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Non-Patent Citations (1)

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海洋光学-豪迈子公司: "海洋光学的STS微型光纤光谱仪实现野外应用,从地面和空中测量植被", 《海洋光学-豪迈子公司官网》 *

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