CN105424150B - A kind of refrigerant quality test device and method of testing - Google Patents
A kind of refrigerant quality test device and method of testing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105424150B CN105424150B CN201510993284.3A CN201510993284A CN105424150B CN 105424150 B CN105424150 B CN 105424150B CN 201510993284 A CN201510993284 A CN 201510993284A CN 105424150 B CN105424150 B CN 105424150B
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G17/00—Apparatus for or methods of weighing material of special form or property
- G01G17/04—Apparatus for or methods of weighing material of special form or property for weighing fluids, e.g. gases, pastes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of refrigerant quality test device, and it includes being in the parts to be tested in refrigeration cycle, in addition to the bypass line being branched off from described the parts to be tested one end and the sampling container being arranged on the bypass line；Pressure detecting element and detector unit are provided with the parts to be tested both ends and on sampling container, the signal end of the detecting element is all connected to the controller with physical properties computing function；The device also includes controllable circulation loop and/or the control valve system of bypass line break-make.There is higher automaticity by the refrigerant quality test device of the said structure present invention of the present invention, solve the shortcomings that needing to dismount the parts to be tested or sampling container in the prior art, the technical problem to waste time and energy；And there is higher precision, the basic No leakage of refrigerant quality test process；And also there is relatively low cost.The invention further relates to refrigerant quality method of testing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to freeze and air-conditioning technical field, and in particular to a kind of refrigerant quality test device and test side
Method.
Background technology
Whether filling quantity of refrigerant and its distribution in each part of refrigerated air-conditioning system properly directly affect refrigeration air-conditioner
Systematic function, reliability and durability.With the development of refrigerated air-conditioning system emulation technology, system Optimum charge and refrigerant
Distribution problem can solve, but in refrigerated air-conditioning system actual motion, most of refrigerant is located at condenser and evaporator
In, and considerable refrigerant is in a two-phase state, refrigerant quality particularly two-phase section refrigerant quality not only with temperature
It is relevant with pressure, it is also relevant with cavitation efficiency, due to the void fraction model Forecasting Methodology of gear shaper without theoretical, two-phase section refrigerant at present
The precision of prediction of quality is not high so that emulation mode fails to effectively be carried out.Therefore, two-phase section is accurately and conveniently measured
The related research of the development and filling quantity of refrigerant of refrigerant quality or cavitation efficiency for SIMULATION OF REFRIGERATION technology is very
It is necessary.
At present, refrigerant quality test mainly using fast quick-closing valve method (quick-closing-valves-method) with
The method that weight method is combined, wherein weight method are divided into direct weight method and migration weight method again.Direct weight method be it is a kind of most
Simply and easily measuring method, the parts to be tested for filling particular state refrigerant is placed on balance or scale, records quality, then
The parts to be tested deadweight is subtracted, that is, obtains the quality of the parts to be tested inner refrigerant.Migration weight method is will to fill particular state refrigeration
The parts to be tested of agent is connected with the sampling container of a vacuum, sampling container is placed in low temperature environment into (such as liquid nitrogen), utilization is low
Refrigerant in the parts to be tested is extracted into sampling container by temperature effect, and then to being weighed using container, the quality measured subtracts
Go sampling container to conduct oneself with dignity and produce refrigerant quality.
Direct weight method is although simple to operate, if but the parts to be tested deadweight considerably beyond part inner refrigerant quality when
Measuring accuracy can be very low；Weight method is migrated by the sampling container of refrigerant migration to lighter weight, test can be increased substantially
Precision.But the shortcomings that presence of both the above method need to dismount the parts to be tested or sampling container, wastes time and energy, and frequently dismount
Connector is set to be easily damaged generation leakage, each measurement condition is needed after weighing by the system in the parts to be tested or sampling container
Cryogen is bled off, therefore needs periodically to supplement refrigerant to test system.For migrating weight method, sampling container and portion to be measured also be present
The shortcomings of refrigerant that part is connected in pipeline is leaked, it is necessary to create low temperature environment, and transition process equilibration time is long.
The shortcomings that the parts to be tested or sampling container need to be dismounted due to refrigerant quality method of testing presence of the prior art,
Waste time and energy, automaticity it is low, and frequently dismounting makes connector be easily damaged the technical problem for producing leakage, therefore this hair
Bright research and design goes out a kind of refrigerant quality test device and method of testing.
The content of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome refrigerant quality method of testing of the prior art to exist
The shortcomings that the parts to be tested or sampling container need to be dismounted, waste time and energy, the defects of automaticity is low, so as to provide a kind of refrigerant
Quality test device and method of testing.
The invention provides a kind of refrigerant quality test device, and it includes being in the portion to be measured in refrigeration cycle
Part, in addition to the bypass line being branched off from described the parts to be tested one end and the sampling container being arranged on the bypass line；
Pressure detecting element and detector unit, the detection are provided with the parts to be tested both ends and on sampling container
The signal end of element is all connected to the controller with physical properties computing function；The device also includes controllable circulation loop
And/or the control valve system of bypass line break-make.
Preferably, the both ends that the control valve system includes being separately positioned on the parts to be tested can control the kind of refrigeration cycle
The first valve and the second valve that loop is switched on or switched off.
Preferably, the bypass line between the parts to be tested and first valve or from the parts to be tested with
Position branch between second valve comes out.
Preferably, it is described control valve system also include be arranged on the bypass line can control the bypass line connect or
The 3rd valve disconnected.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with the refrigeration cycle and maintains the kind of refrigeration cycle normal together with the parts to be tested
Cycle operation and the experimental bench test system for adjusting the parts to be tested import and export refrigerant condition.
Preferably, when the test device includes the first valve and the second valve, in first valve, described to be measured
The both ends for the line segments that part and second valve are formed by connecting also have been arranged in parallel a bypass branch in parallel, and the control
Valve system also includes the 4th valve being arranged on the bypass branch in parallel.
Preferably, when described device includes first, second, third and fourth valve, first valve and the second valve
Door is pneumatically or electrically any one in ball valve, and the 3rd valve and the 4th valve are off valve, manual ball valve, pneumatically or electrically
Move any one in ball valve.
Preferably, the parts to be tested is single heat exchange tube, or the heat exchanger tube of more serial or parallel connections, or heat exchanger.
Preferably, it is provided with the refrigeration cycle including compressor, outdoor heat exchanger, throttling arrangement, internal-external machine
Connection tubule, indoor heat exchanger connects multiple structures of big pipe with internal-external machine, and the parts to be tested in said structure extremely
It is few one.
Preferably, the bypass line is at least one to be arranged on one end of the parts to be tested, and refrigeration cycle
On be provided with multiple on-off valves.
Preferably, the multiple structure is 6, and on-off valve, and each knot are provided with the both ends of each structure
Structure is provided with bypass line between an on-off valve adjacent thereto, and sampling is respectively connected with each bypass line and is held
Device.
The present invention also provides a kind of refrigerant quality method of testing, and it is using foregoing refrigerant quality test device to institute
State the parts to be tested and carry out quality test.
Preferably, by controlling the control of valve system, refrigerant is enclosed in refrigerant quality the parts to be tested；And it will adopt
Sample container connects with refrigerant quality the parts to be tested, the refrigerant in refrigerant quality the parts to be tested is freely expanded into sampling and holds
Turn into overheated gas in device, and then can be calculated by the controller with temperature, pressure collection and physical properties computing function
The parts to be tested inner refrigerant quality.
Preferably, specifically comprise the following steps：
1) vacuum step：Whole test device is vacuumized, and is filled with the refrigerant of known quality；
2) the parts to be tested traditional performance test process：The operating condition of refrigeration cycle is set, maintains steady-state operation one
Fix time and preserve related data；
3) refrigerant quality test process：Refrigeration cycle is closed, bypass line is opened, treats that pressure and temperature data are equal
After reaching stable state, gathered data, the average value P and T of the pressure and temperature under three different times are calculated, according to refrigerant thing
Property program calculate corresponding to refrigerant gas density p and the parts to be tested inner refrigerant quality；
4) the refrigerant-recovery process in sampling container：Bypass line is opened, refrigeration cycle is opened, works as sampling container
Interior pressure, which is reduced to, closes bypass line when being basically unchanged, start the test of next operating mode.
Preferably, in refrigerant quality test process, in addition to the step of heated to the parts to be tested.
Preferably, the internal volume of sampling container is calculated and determined：
1) its internal volume is calculated according to the parts to be tested structural parameters, is designated as V1；
2) quality m1=ρ during hydraulically full refrigerant in the parts to be tested are calculatedL* V1, wherein density pLThe parts to be tested is taken to try
Test Saturate liquid density corresponding to pressure；
3) calculated according to physical properties program when the parts to be tested inner refrigerant temperature is environment temperature TRingAnd degree of superheat Δ
Refrigerant density ρ during Tsh=5~10K1；
4) sampling container internal volume V2 is m1/ ρ 1.
Preferably, cavitation efficiency can also be tested out when test device is used for two phase refrigerant quality test in single tube：
In the formula, the refrigerant quality of test, kg in m-single tube；
ρg, ρlSaturation density of gas phase corresponding to-single tube inlet and outlet average pressure, saturation liquid density, kg/m3；
α-cavitation efficiency；
V-single tube internal volume, m3。
Refrigerant quality test device and method of testing provided by the invention have the advantages that：
1. there is higher automaticity.System can be automatic by the parts to be tested inner refrigerant temperature and pressure of collection
Judge the time of controlled valve, or remind experimenter or the automatic switch control for carrying out valve, then adopted by external data
Collecting system and physical properties computing module calculate the parts to be tested inner refrigerant quality, realize the automatic survey of refrigerant quality
Examination.
2. precision is high.Substantially without any leakage, test result in addition to the switch of valve in refrigerant quality test process
Only need to can directly it be calculated according to the temperature and pressure under measurement stable situation, without manually operated improper caused various idols
Right error.
3. cost is low.It is lost without excess refrigerant, without creating low temperature environment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the refrigerant quality test device first embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to the refrigerant quality test device second embodiment of the present invention.
Reference is expressed as in figure：
001-experimental bench test system, 002-refrigerant quality the parts to be tested, 003-sampling container, 004-control
Device, the 01-the first valve, the 02-the second valve, the 03-the three valve, 04 --- the 4th valve；
1-compressor, 2-outdoor heat exchanger, 3-throttling arrangement, 4-connection pipe for internal-external unit (tubule), 5-indoor heat exchange
Device, 6-connection pipe for internal-external unit (big pipe), 7-four-way valve, 31,32,33,34,35,36 --- the first to the 6th valve, 301,
302nd, 303,304,305,306 --- sampling container.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1-2, the present invention provides a kind of refrigerant quality test device, and it includes being in refrigeration cycle
The parts to be tested, in addition to the bypass line that is branched off from described the parts to be tested one end and be arranged on adopting on the bypass line
Sample container；Pressure detecting element and detector unit are provided with the parts to be tested both ends and on sampling container,
The signal end of the detecting element is all connected to the controller with physical properties computing function；The device also includes controllable
The control valve system of circulation loop and/or bypass line break-make.
There is higher automation by the refrigerant quality test device (1) of the said structure present invention of the present invention
Degree：Can be by the time of the parts to be tested inner refrigerant temperature and pressure automatic decision controlled valve of collection, or remind experiment
Personnel or the automatic switch control for carrying out valve, then calculated by external data collecting system and physical properties computing module
Go out the parts to be tested inner refrigerant quality, realize the automatic test of refrigerant quality；(2) there is higher precision：Refrigerant quality
Substantially only need to be according to the temperature under measurement stable situation without any leakage, test result in addition to the switch of valve in test process
Can directly it be calculated with pressure, without manually operated improper caused various accidental errors；(3) there is relatively low cost：Nothing
Excess refrigerant is lost, without creating low temperature environment, it is only necessary to increase the sampling container of one or more larger internal volumes, quickly open
Closing valve can realize.
Preferably, the both ends that the control valve system includes being separately positioned on the parts to be tested can control the kind of refrigeration cycle
The first valve and the second valve that loop is switched on or switched off.It will can be set by being closed while first valve and the second valve
The refrigerant of state is encapsulated in the parts to be tested.
Preferably, the bypass line between the parts to be tested and first valve or from the parts to be tested with
Position branch between second valve comes out.Such structure setting, which can effectively ensure that, to be encapsulated in the parts to be tested
Refrigerant water conservancy diversion enters to turn into sampling container the gas of superheat state, calculates its density to reach, and then calculate in the parts to be tested
The purpose of refrigerant quality.
Preferably, it is described control valve system also include be arranged on the bypass line can control the bypass line connect or
The 3rd valve disconnected.The bypass line can be effectively switched on or switched off to play according to being actually needed by the 3rd valve
Effect.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with the refrigeration cycle and maintains the kind of refrigeration cycle normal together with the parts to be tested
Cycle operation and the experimental bench test system for adjusting the parts to be tested import and export refrigerant condition.The experimental bench test system is used
In the parts to be tested is carried out supply refrigerant, maintain kind of refrigeration cycle run well, and regulation the parts to be tested import or export system
(such as the refrigerant condition if desired tested is overheat or supercooling, then needs to control temperature, pressure and refrigeration for the effect of cryogen state
Agent circular flow；If desired the refrigerant condition tested is two-phase, then needs control pressure or temperature (alternative, general pressing force
Control), the parameter such as mass dryness fraction and refrigerant flow).
Preferably, when the test device includes the first valve and the second valve, in first valve, described to be measured
The both ends for the line segments that part and second valve are formed by connecting also have been arranged in parallel a bypass branch in parallel, and the control
Valve system also includes the 4th valve being arranged on the bypass branch in parallel.By the bypass branch in parallel and set on the branch road
The 4th valve, when carrying out refrigerant quality test, then close the first valve and the second valve, open the 4th valve, allow and be
System by-passing branch road continue to run with, play can ensure carry out refrigerant quality test when, the effect without shutdown.
Preferably, when described device includes first, second, third and fourth valve, first valve and the second valve
Door is pneumatically or electrically any one in ball valve, and the 3rd valve and the 4th valve are off valve, manual ball valve, pneumatically or electrically
Move any one in ball valve.This is several preferred kinds and structure of valve, and when the first valve to the 4th valve is whole
, can be by realizing the on-line automatic operation of refrigerant quality test process to controller programming during from electrically operated valve.
Preferably, the parts to be tested is single heat exchange tube, or the heat exchanger tube of more serial or parallel connections, or heat exchanger.
This is several parts or structure preferably as the parts to be tested, and the selection of certain the parts to be tested is also not limited to above-mentioned several knots
Structure.
Preferably, it is provided with the refrigeration cycle including compressor, outdoor heat exchanger, throttling arrangement, internal-external machine
Connection tubule, indoor heat exchanger connects multiple structures of big pipe with internal-external machine, and the parts to be tested in said structure extremely
It is few one.Can be as needed to the compressor in refrigeration cycle, outdoor heat exchanger, throttling arrangement, interior by the structure
Outer machine connection tubule, indoor heat exchanger connect the detection that one or more of big pipe carries out refrigerant quality with internal-external machine, can
For testing heat pump type air conditioning system stable state or dynamic runtime systems inner refrigerant Mass Distribution, it can also be used to test heat pump air conditioner
Single part inner refrigerant quality when systematic steady state is run, has widened the application of test device.
Preferably, the bypass line is at least one to be arranged on one end of the parts to be tested, and refrigeration cycle
On be provided with multiple on-off valves.The bypass line is depending on the number of the parts to be tested, and by multiple described
On-off valve can be used to control being switched on or switched off for a certain section on the loop.
Preferably, the multiple structure is 6, and on-off valve, and each knot are provided with the both ends of each structure
Structure is provided with bypass line between an on-off valve adjacent thereto, and sampling is respectively connected with each bypass line and is held
Device.This is a kind of preferred embodiment, and bypass line and on-off valve are disposed as into 6, can effectively to compressor,
Outdoor heat exchanger, throttling arrangement, internal-external machine connection tubule, indoor heat exchanger connect the refrigerant quality inside big pipe with internal-external machine
Tested.
Present invention also offers a kind of refrigerant quality method of testing, and it uses foregoing refrigerant quality test device pair
The parts to be tested carries out quality test.
Quality test is carried out to the parts to be tested by using foregoing refrigerant quality test device and causes the present invention
Method of testing (1) there is higher automaticity：Can be automatic by the parts to be tested inner refrigerant temperature and pressure of collection
Judge the time of controlled valve, or remind experimenter or the automatic switch control for carrying out valve, then adopted by external data
Collecting system and physical properties computing module calculate the parts to be tested inner refrigerant quality, realize the automatic survey of refrigerant quality
Examination；(2) there is higher precision：Substantially without any leakage, test in addition to the switch of valve in refrigerant quality test process
As a result only need to can directly be calculated according to the temperature and pressure under measurement stable situation, without manually operated improper caused each
Kind accidental error；(3) there is relatively low cost：Without excess refrigerant be lost, without creating low temperature environment, it is only necessary to increase by one or
Sampling container, the acceleration switching valve of multiple larger internal volumes.
Preferably, by controlling the control (by being closed while the first valve and the second valve) of valve system, will freeze
Agent is enclosed in refrigerant quality the parts to be tested；(being opened by the 3rd valve) and by sampling container and refrigerant quality portion to be measured
Part connects, and freely expanding into the refrigerant in refrigerant quality the parts to be tested turns into overheated gas, Jin Erke in sampling container
The parts to be tested inner refrigerant quality is calculated by the controller with temperature, pressure collection and physical properties computing function (to treat
It is that m=ρ * V, wherein ρ are gathered by the parts to be tested controller and be attached thereto to survey part inner refrigerant quality calculation formula
The density that sampling container inner refrigerant temperature and pressure is calculated jointly, and V is the parts to be tested internal volume with being attached thereto
Sampling container internal volume sum).So as to have effectively achieved the effect of test the parts to be tested inner refrigerant quality.
Preferably, specifically comprise the following steps
1) vacuum step (starting Preparatory work of experiment work first)：Control valve system is opened into (the first valve 01, the second valve
The 02, the 3rd valve 03 of door, the standard-sized sheet of the 3rd valve 04), (the parts to be tested 002, sampling container are vacuumized to whole test device
003 and vacuumized together with experimental bench test system 001 and its connecting pipeline), pressurize ensures test device No leakage, and is filled with
The refrigerant of known quality；It can so ensure that test device is tested in the case of No leakage.
2) the parts to be tested traditional performance test process：The operating condition of refrigeration cycle is set, (can be tested in experimental bench
Operating condition is set in system 001) so that the valve that control valve system is closed on bypass line, open refrigeration cycle
(can be to open experimental bench test system 001), and run by setting operating mode to stable state, maintain steady-state operation certain time
And related data is preserved, (data for preferably preserving steady-state operation 30min)；It can so measure in refrigeration cycle and normally transport
The size of row or the refrigerant quality of the parts to be tested under temperature running status.
3) refrigerant quality test process：, (can by controlling valve system to close refrigeration cycle and opening bypass line
The first valve 01 and the second valve 02 are simultaneously closed off, opens the 4th valve 04, opens the 3rd valve 03, then preferably can be by normal
Experimental bench test system 001 is closed in operation, observation the parts to be tested 002 inlet and outlet pressure, temperature and sampling container 004 pressure,
Temperature numerical), after the pressure and temperature data at the parts to be tested both ends and sampling container reach stable state, illustrate refrigerant quality
Test process reaches thermodynamic equilibrium state, and controller 004 gathers data now, calculates the average value of three pressure and temperatures
P and T, according to corresponding to calculating physical properties program refrigerant gas density p (density is one of physical properties parameter,
It is as follows for overheated gas refrigerant, its calculation formula：
ρsh=1/vsh
In above formula, Tsat is saturation temperature corresponding to the average pressure of collection, and Δ Tsh is the mean temperature and saturation of collection
The difference of temperature, a1-a12 is constant in above equation, to different refrigerants, takes different numerical value.Above equation is write
In controller, after controller reads in the average value of temperature and pressure, average value substitution Calculation of Physical Properties equation can be calculated into refrigeration
Agent density.)
And the internal volume that the parts to be tested inner refrigerant quality m=ρ * (V1+V2), wherein V1 are the parts to be tested, V2 are sampling
The internal volume of container.So as to measure the refrigerant quality reached in the parts to be tested under thermodynamic equilibrium state.
4) the refrigerant-recovery process in sampling container 003：Adjustment control valve system causes bypass line to open, and to be measured
Valve in part both ends close to the bypass line side is opened, and the valve of opposite side is closed, (specifically can be by the first valve 01
Remain off, the 4th valve 04 is closed, and the second valve 02 is opened, and the 3rd valve 03 remains on), open refrigeration and follow
Loop back path, (can preferably open experiment test system 001), is closed when the pressure in sampling container 003, which is reduced to, to be basically unchanged
Bypass line (can preferably be realized) by closing the 3rd valve 03, open in the parts to be tested both ends close to the bypass line side
Valve, (can preferably be realized by opening first valve 01), start the test of next operating mode.So it have effectively achieved
Refrigerant is back in refrigeration cycle from sampling container, and the test for next operating mode provides advantage.
This is the specific of refrigerant quality method of testing or is preferable to carry out step, realizes the test to refrigerant quality and makees
With and purpose.
Preferably, in refrigerant quality test process, in addition to the step of heated to the parts to be tested, so it is to be able to
Shorten sampling container and the parts to be tested inner refrigerant reaches the time of thermodynamic equilibrium state, to accelerate the parts to be tested inner refrigerant
Evaporation.
Preferably, to ensure that the refrigerant entered in sampling container is overheated gas when reaching thermodynamic equilibrium state, adopt
The internal volume of sample container can determine by the following method：
1) its internal volume is calculated according to the structural parameters of the parts to be tested 001, is designated as V1；
2) quality m1=ρ during hydraulically full refrigerant in the parts to be tested 001 are calculatedL* V1, wherein density pLTake portion to be measured
Saturate liquid density corresponding to part test pressure；
3) calculated according to physical properties program when the parts to be tested inner refrigerant temperature is environment temperature TRingAnd degree of superheat Δ
Refrigerant density ρ during Tsh=5~10K1；
4) sampling container internal volume V2 is m1/ ρ 1.
Meet the internal volume for requiring the sampling container of (being overheated gas when reaching thermodynamic equilibrium state) so that it is determined that going out
V2。
Preferably, cavitation efficiency can also be tested out when test device is used for two phase refrigerant quality test in single tube：
In formula, the refrigerant quality of test, kg in m-single tube；
ρg, ρlSaturation density of gas phase corresponding to-single tube inlet and outlet average pressure, saturation liquid density, kg/m3；
α-cavitation efficiency；
V-single tube internal volume, m3。
It so can effectively calculate the cavitation efficiency of refrigerant.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below
Embodiment 1
The first embodiment of the present invention is as shown in figure 1, refrigerant quality test device includes being sequentially connected logical experimental bench
Test system 001, the first valve 01, refrigerant quality the parts to be tested 002, the second valve 02, in the valve of the parts to be tested 002 and first
Pipeline between the valve 02 of door 01 or second, which is provided with, is sequentially connected logical the 3rd valve 03 and sampling container 003, in experimental bench
On the pipeline between pipeline and the valve 02 of experimental bench test system 001 and second between the valve 01 of test system 001 and first
Provided with the 4th valve 04；Wherein, on the pipeline between the valve 01 of refrigerant quality the parts to be tested 002 and first, refrigerant quality
Sensed on pipeline between the valve 02 of the parts to be tested 002 and second and using pressure and temperature is respectively provided with container 003
Device, all pressure and temperature sensor signal ends and the controller with temperature, pressure collection and physical properties computing function
004 is connected；By being closed while the first valve 01 and the second valve 02, refrigerant is enclosed in refrigerant quality the parts to be tested
In 001；Sampling container 003 is connected with refrigerant quality the parts to be tested 002 by the 3rd valve 03, makes refrigerant quality to be measured
Refrigerant in part, which freely expands into, turns into overheated gas in sampling container, and then can be by gathering and making with temperature, pressure
The controller 004 of cryogen Calculation of Physical Properties function calculates the parts to be tested inner refrigerant quality.
It is overheated gas state to ensure that the inner refrigerant of refrigerant quality the parts to be tested 001 is expanded into sampling container 003,
The internal volume of sampling container 003 must be sufficiently large, but also unsuitable excessive.The excessive then free wxpansion of internal volume of sampling container 003
When reach the overlong time of thermodynamic equilibrium, internal volume is too small, it cannot be guaranteed that refrigerant was hot gas when reaching thermodynamic equilibrium state
Body, the internal volume of sampling container can determine by the following method：
1) its internal volume is calculated according to the structural parameters of the parts to be tested 001, is designated as V1；
2) quality m1=ρ during hydraulically full refrigerant in the parts to be tested 001 are calculatedL* V1, wherein density pLTake portion to be measured
Saturate liquid density corresponding to part test pressure；
3) it is environment temperature T rings to calculate the parts to be tested inner refrigerant temperature according to physical properties program, degree of superheat Δ Tsh
Refrigerant density ρ during=5~10K1；
Sampling container internal volume V2 takes m1/ ρ1Requirement of experiment can be met.
Experiment test specific implementation step is as follows：
1) Preparatory work of experiment work is started first：First valve 01, the second valve 02, the 3rd valve 03, the 3rd valve 04 are complete
Open, the parts to be tested 002, sampling container 003 and vacuumized together with experimental bench test system 001 and its connecting pipeline, pressurize is true
Protect test device No leakage；
2) the parts to be tested traditional performance test process：Set operating condition in experimental bench test system 001, close the
Three valves 03 and the 4th valve 04, experimental bench test system 001 is opened, when test system 001 is run to stable by setting operating mode
After state, steady-state operation 30min data are preserved；
3) refrigerant quality test process：The first valve 01 and the second valve 02 are simultaneously closed off, the 4th valve 04 is opened, beats
The 3rd valve 03 is opened, then closes experimental bench test system 001, observation the parts to be tested 002 inlet and outlet pressure, temperature by normal operating
Pressure, the Temperature numerical of degree and sampling container 004, after pressure and temperature data reach stable state, illustrate that refrigerant quality is surveyed
Examination process reaches thermodynamic equilibrium state, and controller 004 gathers data now, calculates the average value P of three pressure and temperatures
And T, refrigerant gas density p and the parts to be tested inner refrigerant quality m=ρ * according to corresponding to calculating physical properties program
(V1+V2)。
4) the refrigerant-recovery process in sampling container 003：First valve 01 remains off, and the 4th valve 04 closes
Close, the second valve 02 is opened, and the 3rd valve 03 remains on, and experiment test system 001 is opened, when in sampling container 003
Pressure be reduced to when being basically unchanged the 3rd valve 03 of closing, open the first valve 01, start the test of next operating mode.
In refrigerant quality test process, reach heating power to shorten sampling container 003 and the inner refrigerant of the parts to be tested 002 and put down
The time of weighing apparatus state, it can be heated to the parts to be tested 002, to accelerate the evaporation of the inner refrigerant of the parts to be tested 002.
First valve 01 and the second valve 02 can be pneumatically or electrically ball valves, and the 3rd valve 03 and the 4th valve 04 can be with
It is off valve, pneumatically or electrically manual ball valve or ball valve.When the first valve to the 4th valve all from electrically operated valve
When, the on-line automatic operation to the programming realization refrigerant quality test process of controller 004 can be passed through.
The parts to be tested 001 can be the heat exchanger tube of single heat exchange tube or more serial or parallel connections, can also be and change
Hot device.
The embodiment is used to further test out cavitation efficiency during two phase refrigerant quality test in single tube：
In formula, the refrigerant quality of test, kg in m-single tube；
ρg, ρlSaturation density of gas phase corresponding to-single tube inlet and outlet average pressure, saturation liquid density, kg/m3；
α-cavitation efficiency；
V-single tube internal volume, m3。
Embodiment 2
An alternative embodiment of the invention is as shown in Fig. 2 refrigerant quality test device includes being sequentially connected logical compression
Machine 1, four-way valve 7, outdoor heat exchanger 2, throttling arrangement 3, connection pipe for internal-external unit (tubule) 4, indoor heat exchanger 5, internal-external machine connection
Pipe (big pipe) 6；The first valve 31 is provided with pipeline of the connection pipe for internal-external unit (big pipe) between 6 and four-way valve 7, in four-way valve 7
Pipeline between outdoor heat exchanger 2 is provided with the second valve 32, on the pipeline between outdoor heat exchanger 2 and throttling arrangement 3
Provided with the 3rd valve 33, the 4th valve 34 is provided with the pipeline between throttling arrangement 3 and connection pipe for internal-external unit (tubule) 4,
Pipeline between connection pipe for internal-external unit (tubule) 4 and indoor heat exchanger 5 is provided with the 5th valve 35, indoors heat exchanger 5 with it is interior
Pipeline between outer machine connecting tube (big pipe) 6 is provided with the 6th valve 36；On pipeline between four-way valve 7 and compressor air suction
Provided with 301 parts, the pipeline between the second valve 32 and outdoor heat exchanger 2 is provided with 302 parts, and the 3rd valve 33 fills with throttling
The pipeline put between 3 is provided with 303 parts, and the pipeline between connection pipe for internal-external unit (tubule) 4 and the 5th valve 35 is provided with 304
Part, the pipeline between the valve 36 of indoor heat exchanger 5 and the 6th are provided with 305 parts, connection pipe for internal-external unit (big pipe) 6 and first
Pipeline between valve 31 is provided with 306 parts；301~306 parts include valve 03, sampling container 003 in embodiment one
And pressure-temperature sensor.
Experiment test specific implementation step is as follows：
1) Preparatory work of experiment work is started first：All valve wide opens, are vacuumized to whole system, and pressurize ensures test device
No leakage, it is filled with the refrigerant of known quality；
2) system convention performance test process：Operating condition is set in enthalpy difference laboratory, is closed on 301~306 parts
Valve 03, other valve wide opens, open heat pump type air conditioning system, operation to setting operating mode after preserve data；
3) refrigerant quality test process：The first to the 6th valve 31~36 is simultaneously closed off, heat pump type air conditioning system is closed, beats
The valve 03 on 301~306 parts is opened, the environmental working condition of heat pump type air conditioning system internal-external machine is transferred to 40 DEG C, observes the parts to be tested 1
~6 inlet and outlet pressure, temperature and 301~306 pressure, Temperature numerical, after pressure and temperature data reach stable state, say
Bright refrigerant quality test process reaches thermodynamic equilibrium state, and controller 004 gathers data now, calculates pressure and temperature
Average value P and T, refrigerant gas density p and the parts to be tested inner refrigerant according to corresponding to calculating physical properties program
Quality m=ρ * (V1+V2).
4) the refrigerant-recovery process in sampling container 003：Started shooting by refrigeration mode, the 3rd valve 33 remains turned-off shape
State, other valve wide opens, start, the pressure in 301,303,304,305,306, which is reduced to, closes 301 when being basically unchanged,
303rd, the valve 03 on 304,305,306, shutdown, then started shooting by heating mode, the pressure in 302 is reduced to when being basically unchanged
The valve 03 closed on 302, starts the test of next operating mode.
The valve 36 of first valve 31 to the 6th can be pneumatically or electrically ball valve, be sampled in 301,303,304,305,306
Valve 03 on container can be off valve, pneumatically or electrically manual ball valve or ball valve.When all valves are all selected
During electrically operated valve, the on-line automatic operation to the programming realization refrigerant quality test process of controller 004 can be passed through.
The embodiment can be used for test heat pump type air conditioning system stable state or dynamic runtime systems inner refrigerant Mass Distribution,
Single part inner refrigerant quality during available for test heat pump type air conditioning system steady-state operation.
For those skilled in the art it is easily understood that on the premise of not conflicting, above-mentioned each advantageous manner can be free
Ground combination, superposition.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.With
Only it is the preferred embodiment of the present invention described in upper, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, not
On the premise of departing from the technology of the present invention principle, some improvement and modification can also be made, these improvement and modification also should be regarded as this
The protection domain of invention.
Claims (15)
- A kind of 1. refrigerant quality test device, it is characterised in that：Including the parts to be tested being in refrigeration cycle, also wrap Include the bypass line being branched off from described the parts to be tested one end and the sampling container being arranged on the bypass line；Treated described Survey on part both ends and pressure detecting element and detector unit, the letter of the detecting element are provided with sampling container Number end is all connected to the controller with physical properties computing function；The device also includes controllable circulation loop and/or side The control valve system of siphunculus road break-make；Be additionally provided with the refrigeration cycle together with the parts to be tested maintain the kind of refrigeration cycle normal circulation operate and Adjust the experimental bench test system of the parts to be tested import and export refrigerant condition；When the test device includes the first valve and the second valve, in first valve, the parts to be tested and described The both ends for the line segments that second valve is formed by connecting also have been arranged in parallel a bypass branch in parallel, and the control valve system also wraps Include the 4th valve being arranged on the bypass branch in parallel.
- 2. refrigerant quality test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The control valve system includes difference It is arranged on the first valve and the second valve that the both ends of the parts to be tested can control the refrigeration cycle to be switched on or switched off.
- 3. refrigerant quality test device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The bypass line is from described to be measured Position branch between part and first valve or between the parts to be tested and second valve comes out.
- 4. refrigerant quality test device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The control valve system also includes setting Put the 3rd valve that can control the bypass line to be switched on or switched off on the bypass line.
- 5. refrigerant quality test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：When described device includes first, the 2nd, during the third and fourth valve, first valve and the second valve are pneumatically or electrically any one in ball valve, and the 3rd Valve and the 4th valve are off valve, pneumatically or electrically manual ball valve, any one in ball valve.
- 6. the refrigerant quality test device according to one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that：The parts to be tested is single Root heat exchanger tube, or the heat exchanger tube of more serial or parallel connections, or heat exchanger.
- 7. the refrigerant quality test device according to one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that：The refrigeration cycle In be provided with and connected including compressor, outdoor heat exchanger, throttling arrangement, internal-external machine connection tubule, indoor heat exchanger with internal-external machine Multiple structures of big pipe, and the parts to be tested is at least one in said structure.
- 8. refrigerant quality test device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The bypass line is at least one It is individual, one end of the parts to be tested is arranged on, and multiple on-off valves are provided with refrigeration cycle.
- 9. refrigerant quality test device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The multiple structure is 6, every On-off valve is provided with the both ends of individual structure, and each structure is provided between an on-off valve adjacent thereto Bypass line, sampling container is respectively connected with each bypass line.
- A kind of 10. refrigerant quality method of testing, it is characterised in that：Usage right requires the refrigerant quality described in one of 1-9 Test device carries out quality test to the parts to be tested.
- 11. refrigerant quality method of testing according to claim 10, it is characterised in that：By the control for controlling valve system System, refrigerant is enclosed in refrigerant quality the parts to be tested；And connect sampling container with refrigerant quality the parts to be tested, make Refrigerant in refrigerant quality the parts to be tested, which freely expands into, turns into overheated gas in sampling container, and then can be by with temperature Degree pressure acquisition and the controller of physical properties computing function calculate the parts to be tested inner refrigerant quality.
- 12. refrigerant quality method of testing according to claim 11, it is characterised in that：Specifically comprise the following steps：1) vacuum step：Whole test device is vacuumized, and is filled with the refrigerant of known quality；2) the parts to be tested traditional performance test process：The operating condition of refrigeration cycle is set, maintains the timing of steady-state operation one Between and preserve related data；3) refrigerant quality test process：Refrigeration cycle is closed, bypass line is opened, treats that pressure and temperature data reach After stable state, gathered data, the average value P and T of the pressure and temperature under three different times are calculated, according to physical properties journey Sequence calculates corresponding refrigerant gas density p and the parts to be tested inner refrigerant quality；4) the refrigerant-recovery process in sampling container：Bypass line is opened, refrigeration cycle is opened, when in sampling container Pressure, which is reduced to, closes bypass line when being basically unchanged, start the test of next operating mode.
- 13. refrigerant quality method of testing according to claim 12, it is characterised in that：Refrigerant quality test process In, in addition to the step of heated to the parts to be tested.
- 14. the refrigerant quality method of testing according to one of claim 10-13, it is characterised in that：It is calculated and determined and adopts The internal volume of sample container：1) its internal volume is calculated according to the parts to be tested structural parameters, is designated as V1；2) quality m1=ρ during hydraulically full refrigerant in the parts to be tested are calculatedL* V1, wherein density pLTake the parts to be tested experiment pressure Saturate liquid density corresponding to power；3) calculated according to physical properties program when the parts to be tested inner refrigerant temperature is environment temperature TRingAnd degree of superheat Δ Tsh= Refrigerant density ρ during 5~10K1；4) sampling container internal volume V2 is m1/ ρ 1.
- 15. the refrigerant quality method of testing according to one of claim 10-13, it is characterised in that：When test device is used Cavitation efficiency can be also tested out when two phase refrigerant quality test in single tube：In the formula, the refrigerant quality of test, kg in m-single tube；ρg, ρlSaturation density of gas phase corresponding to-single tube inlet and outlet average pressure, saturation liquid density, kg/m3；α-cavitation efficiency；V-single tube internal volume, m3。
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| CN109654652B (en) * | 2018-11-17 | 2020-05-19 | 华中科技大学 | Air conditioner refrigeration/heat prediction method based on data mining technology |
| CN109781345B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2021-05-07 | 上海交通大学 | Refrigerating system refrigerant leakage detection method based on data driving and model |
| CN111855513A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-10-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Experimental device for be used for simulating wax deposit |
| CN111122249A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-05-08 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | High-precision full-automatic sampling device and method for measuring oil content of refrigerant |
| CN111981732B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2021-07-27 | 中标能效科技（北京）有限公司 | Automatic refrigerant filling device and method |
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| JPS58198729A (en) * | 1982-05-14 | 1983-11-18 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Measuring method of discharge weight in closed and pressurized tank for powdery and granular material |
| CN1587925A (en) * | 2004-07-08 | 2005-03-02 | 上海交通大学 | Measuring device and its measuring method for measuring refrigerating agent weight in air conditioning heat exchanger |
| CN1296694C (en) * | 2005-01-20 | 2007-01-24 | 上海交通大学 | Method for real-time measuring refrigerant quality of compressor oil by level and sampling method |
| CN101576442A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2009-11-11 | 上海理工大学 | Method for calculating jet coefficient in solar jet-type air conditioning experiment system |
| CN204188393U (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-03-04 | 广州天河兰石技术开发有限公司 | Portable air-conditioning equipment performance pick-up unit |
| CN104266798B (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2017-05-31 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Refrigerant leakage tester and refrigerant leak testing method |
| CN205228604U (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-11 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Refrigerant quality testing arrangement |
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